CN1222126C - Method and apparatus for discontinuous transmission - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for discontinuous transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1222126C
CN1222126C CN 98125343 CN98125343A CN1222126C CN 1222126 C CN1222126 C CN 1222126C CN 98125343 CN98125343 CN 98125343 CN 98125343 A CN98125343 A CN 98125343A CN 1222126 C CN1222126 C CN 1222126C
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Prior art keywords
frame
discontinuous transmission
silence descriptor
transmission mode
speech
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CN 98125343
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CN1221267A (en
Inventor
欧文·贝内特
格雷厄姆·约翰逊
梅扬克·卡帕迪亚
罗伯特·戴维斯
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Google Technology Holdings LLC
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Motorola Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/18—Service support devices; Network management devices
    • H04W88/181—Transcoding devices; Rate adaptation devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/17—Time-division multiplex systems in which the transmission channel allotted to a first user may be taken away and re-allotted to a second user if the first user becomes inactive, e.g. TASI

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for discontinuous transmission in a communication system. According to the invention, completely provided is discontinuous transmission channel coding only based on fake frame, silence descriptor frame and voice frame, but without speech coder to provide additional information. When being followed a fake frame after the silence descriptor frame, the channel coder enters into a discontinuous transmission mode, and when receiving a speech frame, exiting the discontinuous transmission mode. The invention can be used in GSM system of adopting discontinuous transmission mode in the non-tandem operation, but not limiting this.

Description

The method of discontinuous transmission
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus of discontinuous transmission in the communication system.
Background technology
In the many communication systems that adopt circuit-switched technology, set up the quiesce communication link between the Receiver And Transmitter, and irrelevant with the instant use of this link.An example is that standard telephone connects, and whether it is static wherein being connected in the whole communication process, and talking irrelevant with the user.
Another example is global system for mobile communications (GSM), and wherein the transmitter under the mode standard sends constant data rate, and does not consider the pause of talking.This has caused unnecessary transmission, has increased the caused interference value of given calling.In order to reduce interference, the GSM standard comprises discontinuous transmission (DTX) option, the not transmitting audio data of pause of wherein talking, but transmit the data relevant in the sub-fraction time slot of interface aloft with background.
The speech coder that uses among the GSM generates the data in the speech frame, in order to use discontinuous transmission, has developed and has determined whether each frame comprises the speech coder of voice.This information is offered transmitter with this frame, and channel encoder utilizes this information to determine what this transmits.The operation that frame is converted to the form that is suitable for transmitting is called chnnel coding, and this functional module of transmitter then is called channel encoder.Comprise among the GSM and the background noise related data, rather than the frame of speech data is expressed as the silence descriptor frame, perhaps specifically is called the SID frame.Like this, the GSM speech coder generates a speech frame or silence descriptor frame in each frame time section.If be operated under the discontinuous transmission mode, then channel encoder only transmits sub-fraction silence descriptor frame by air interface.
In communication system, for example among the GSM, the base station comprises a Voice decoder, and when calling is two callings between the travelling carriage, Voice decoder will convert unpressed speech data from the frame that travelling carriage receives to, and pathfinding is to another base station then.When travelling carriage receives, except receiving speech frame and static descriptor frame, also may receive pseudo-frame.Pseudo-frame comprises not as all frames of speech frame or the reception of static descriptor frame, is generally equal to the wrong frame that receives.It also comprises the frame that receiver generates at discontinuous transmission pause.Speech coder compensates these pseudo-frames when generating voice signal according to received frame.
If omit speech coding and the decoding carried out in two continuous base stations, then the mobile calls voice quality of travelling carriage will be improved.This is called exempts from tandem (tandem free) operation, is included at present in the standard of gsm system.But, used the information that speech coder generated because realize the known method of discontinuous transmission, so this method can't be used to adopt the calling of exempting from the tandem operation.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, it is favourable providing a kind of method that is used for exempting from the discontinuous transmission of tandem operation.
According to the present invention, a kind of method of discontinuous transmission in the communication system is provided, this method comprises the steps: to enter discontinuous transmission mode when following the first pseudo-frame after the first silence descriptor frame; When receiving first speech frame, leave discontinuous transmission mode.This method also comprises the step of storing the second silence descriptor frame, and under discontinuous transmission mode, if protocol requirement sends the silence descriptor frame, then sends the described second silence descriptor frame, until receiving the 3rd silence descriptor frame.
According to the present invention, the method that adopts a kind of discontinuous transmission in the gsm communication system of exempting from the tandem operation is provided, this method comprises the steps: to enter discontinuous transmission mode when following the first pseudo-frame after the first silence descriptor frame; And when receiving first speech frame, leave discontinuous transmission mode.
According to the present invention, provide and adopt the method that is used for chnnel coding in the gsm communication system of exempting from the tandem operation, this method comprises the steps: when not being in discontinuous transmission mode and receive a pseudo-frame, sends an infilled frame; When following a pseudo-frame after the silence descriptor frame, enter discontinuous transmission mode; And when receiving a speech frame, leave discontinuous transmission mode.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a kind of method of chnnel coding in the communication system is provided, it comprises the steps: if be not in discontinuous transmission mode, and receives pseudo-frame, then sends infilled frame.
According to another different aspect of the present invention, the transmitter that discontinuous transmission is provided in a kind of communication system is provided, comprising: channel encoder is used for controlling transmitter and entering discontinuous transmission mode when following the first pseudo-frame after the first silence descriptor frame; And be used for when receiving first speech frame, control transmitter and leave discontinuous transmission mode.
Transmitter can also comprise the device of storing the second silence descriptor frame; And under discontinuous transmission mode,, then send the described second silence descriptor frame, until the device that receives the 3rd silence descriptor frame if protocol requirement sends the silence descriptor frame.
Therefore, the invention provides the transmitter installation of realizing discontinuous transmission, comprise channel encoder, its input is made up of speech frame, silence descriptor frame and pseudo-frame, and does not need speech coder that information is provided.
Description of drawings
Only by example, one embodiment of the present of invention are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below.
Fig. 1 shows the voice communication system according to prior art, is gsm system in this example.
Fig. 2 shows and adopts the communication system of exempting from the tandem operation.
Fig. 3 shows the flow chart of the method that discontinuous transmission is provided.
Fig. 4 shows the flow chart of the method for processed frame under the discontinuous transmission mode.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the example of the communication system 100 that adopts discontinuous transmission.Example given here is corresponding to the calling of travelling carriage in the gsm communication system to travelling carriage.
First transmitter 101 that sends voice signal comprises first speech coder 105 and first channel encoder 103.Speech coder 105 converts voice signal to suitable data format.This conversion generally comprises the compress speech of certain form.The data transaction that channel encoder 103 provides speech coder 105 becomes to be suitable for sending to the form of first receiver 108.This receiver comprises first channel decoder 107, and it will receive the form that data transaction becomes to be suitable for first Voice decoder 109, and first Voice decoder 109 becomes voice signal with data transaction.Channel encoder and decoder generally comprise forward error correction coding, decoding and interleaving and de-interleaving function.
The voice signal that receives is comprised second Voice decoder 111 and second channel decoder 113 by pathfinding to second transmitter, 112, the second transmitters 112.Second receiver 115 receives and sends signal, and it comprises the second channel decoder 117 and second Voice decoder 119.
In the example of gsm communication system, first transmitter 101 is corresponding to first base station first travelling carriage of uplink being arranged.First receiver 108 is corresponding to the receiver of this base station, and the voice signal that receives in this example passes through the pathfinding of GSM network to second base station.In given example, second transmitter 112 is corresponding to the transmitter of this second base station, and second travelling carriage of it and second receiver, 115 representatives has downlink.
Second speech coder 111 directly follows the series connection form of first Voice decoder 109 to cause quality decline, because tone decoding and encoding process are lost.Therefore, it is omitted, then can improve the quality if resemble as shown in Figure 2.In two base stations, finish the selection of omitting tone decoding and encoding operation and be included in the gsm system standard, be called as and exempt from the tandem operation.
The discontinuous transmission of voice signal can significantly reduce the interference in resource use and the communication system.GSM comprises discontinuous transmission selection, wherein sends the data relevant with background noise with much lower data rate during speech pause.Discontinuous transmission is controlled according to the input of speech coder by channel encoder.Referring to Fig. 1, the discontinuous transmission between second transmitter 112 and second receiver 115 will be controlled according to the data of second speech coder 111 by second channel decoder 113.The present invention considers following situation: directly feed into second channel encoder 113 by the frame that first channel decoder 107 is generated and realize exempting from the tandem operation.
Below description consider in first and second base stations independently situation of Voice decoder and encoder.But the present invention never is subject to this situation, and the technical staff knows that obviously the function that channel encoder and decoder are finished can be in other local realization of system, perhaps distributed realization.
Like this, second channel encoder 113 does not have the information that second speech coder provides.In addition, this channel encoder will generate the frame that speech coder can't generate.These frames that are known as pseudo-frame can for example comprise receive have too many mistake and the frame that can't be correctly decoded, and the frame that generates at the pause of discontinuous transmission.
In the example of gsm communication system, the every 20msec of speech coder receives a voice signal and generates a new frame.Speech coder comprises a speech behavior detector (VAD), and it determines that this frame comprises speech data or corresponding to speech pause.If this frame does not comprise voice, then generate a silence descriptor (SID) frame, and mark SP of set, indicate this information to channel decoder.Exempt from the tandem operation if adopt, then this mark is to channel encoder and unavailable.The GSM channel decoder with resemble mention also generate pseudo-frame, mean the frame that is not SID frame and speech frame.These frames do not occur when having transmit frame during a certain LOF or DTX, and represent by GSM mark BFI is arranged to 1.The speech frame that receives from channel decoder can equal 0 by GSM mark SID to be discerned, and the SID mark of SID frame is configured to 1 or 2.
Fig. 3 shows flow chart 300 according to the method that the invention provides discontinuous transmission by example.This routine basic principle is: not only carry out chnnel coding according to speech frame and silence descriptor frame, and allow to receive pseudo-frame.And the additional information that should provide when for example speech coder being arranged is not provided for it.This method allows to exempt from employing the communication system of tandem operation, for example realizes discontinuous transmission in the example of gsm system shown in Figure 2.Specific examples in describing below relates to the gsm system that adopts discontinuous transmission and exempts from the tandem operation.
At the beginning of processing shown in Figure 3, channel encoder 113 is in discontinuous transmission mode.The first step 301 comprises frame of reception.Step 303 determines whether the frame that receives is speech frame, if before returning step 301, in step 305 it is handled.In GSM, the processing of speech frame is corresponding to finishing necessary coding and data processing, and by air interface it sent.
If the frame that receives is not a speech frame, then step 307 determines whether it is pseudo-frame, if then before returning step 301, in step 309 it is handled.In GSM, this processing preferably includes inserts an infilled frame in transmission, and when far-end unit receives this infilled frame, the Voice decoder of travelling carriage will generate one and replace speech frame.Alternatively, channel encoder can comprise the device that generates the replacement speech frame and send it to far-end unit.If the frame that receives is neither pseudo-frame, neither speech frame, then it must be a silence descriptor frame, this is handled by channel encoder in step 311.In GSM, this processing preferably includes to far-end unit and sends a SID frame.
After the step 311, channel encoder receives next frame in step 313.In step 315, determine whether this is a speech frame, if before returning step 301, it is handled in step 317.Preferred process comprises that the agreement that is proposed according to the GSM standard sends a speech frame to travelling carriage in GSM.
Step 319 determines whether received frame is a silence descriptor frame, if before returning step 301, in step 321 it is handled.Alternatively, according to the difference of specific embodiment, can be step 323 or step 311 after the step 321.In the non-tandem operation of the GSM that adopts DTX, can't receive two SID frames continuously, therefore, can't arrive step 321 forever.
When channel encoder receives a silence descriptor frame, when being a pseudo-frame afterwards, arrive step 323, chnnel coding enters discontinuous transmission mode.In step 325, according to this discontinuous transmission mode protocol processes present frame.
The flow chart 400 of Fig. 4 shows the method for optimizing of processed frame in the non-continuous mode of the gsm system of exempting from the tandem operation that adopts DTX.In step 401, determine whether the frame that receives is a SID frame.If in step 403,, be used for subsequent transmission with its storage.In step 405, determine whether gsm protocol needs to transmit the SID frame by air interface.If then in step 407, send the SID frame of storing.If not, then channel encoder is handled in step 409, it is characterized in that not transmitting by air interface.
Exempt from the gsm system of tandem operation and DTX in employing, between first receiver 108 and second transmitter 112 synchronously can be as follows: require to be received by channel encoder then by SID frame of air interface transmission.For example, if channel enters discontinuous transmission mode, then can before receiving next SID frame, need to send a SID frame from channel decoder 107.But in this case, enter discontinuous transmission mode slightly before constantly receive the SID frame and in step 311, handled.Therefore, preferred process is that the SID frame is stored in step 311.In processing shown in Figure 4, always SID frame in this case can be used for transmission when needed, although when entering non-continuous mode for the first time, will repeat same SID frame.This also can be the situation of losing a SID frame between discontinuous transmission period, and this situation occurs in that channel encoder receives a GSM assigned tags SID and TAF equals 1 frame.
After handling present frame, channel encoder receives a new frame in step 327.In step 329, determine that the frame that receives is a speech frame, if not, then channel encoder returns step 325.If receive speech frame, then channel encoder withdraws from discontinuous transmission mode in step 331.Then, before returning step 301, at step 333 processed voice piece.For GSM, the processing of block of speech comprises resembling and sends this block of speech by air interface the step 305.
The preferred selection that realizes institute's describing method in channel encoder is: at suitable computing equipment, for example move above-mentioned processing with the software program form in microprocessor or the digital signal processor.Those skilled in the art can be replaced with any known method without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. the method for discontinuous transmission in the communication system, this method comprises the steps:
When following the first pseudo-frame after the first silence descriptor frame, enter discontinuous transmission mode; And
When receiving first speech frame, leave discontinuous transmission mode.
2. according to the method for claim 1, also comprise step:
When receiving the described first silence descriptor frame, send the described first silence descriptor frame.
3. according to the method for claim 1, also comprise step:
Store the second silence descriptor frame; And
Under discontinuous transmission mode,, then send the described second silence descriptor frame, until receiving the 3rd silence descriptor frame if protocol requirement sends the silence descriptor frame.
4. according to the method for claim 3, wherein under discontinuous transmission mode, transmission occurs over just when needing to send the silence descriptor frame.
5. according to the method for claim 1, also comprise the steps:
When not being in discontinuous transmission mode and receive a pseudo-frame, send an infilled frame.
6. according to the method for claim 5, also comprise the steps:
When following a pseudo-frame after the silence descriptor frame, enter discontinuous transmission mode; And
When receiving a speech frame, leave discontinuous transmission mode.
7. according to the method for claim 6, also comprise step:
Store the second silence descriptor frame; And
Under discontinuous transmission mode,, then send the described second silence descriptor frame, until receiving the 3rd silence descriptor frame if protocol requirement sends the silence descriptor frame.
8. adopt the method for a kind of discontinuous transmission in the gsm communication system of exempting from the tandem operation, this method comprises the steps:
When following the first pseudo-frame after the first silence descriptor frame, enter discontinuous transmission mode; And
When receiving first speech frame, leave discontinuous transmission mode.
9. method according to Claim 8 also comprises step:
When receiving the described first silence descriptor frame, send the described first silence descriptor frame.
10. method according to Claim 8 also comprises step:
Store the second silence descriptor frame; And
Under discontinuous transmission mode,, then send the described second silence descriptor frame, until receiving the 3rd silence descriptor frame if protocol requirement sends the silence descriptor frame.
11. according to the method for claim 10, wherein under discontinuous transmission mode, transmission occurs over just when needing to send the silence descriptor frame.
12. adopt the method that is used for chnnel coding in the gsm communication system of exempting from the tandem operation, this method comprises the steps:
When not being in discontinuous transmission mode and receive a pseudo-frame, send an infilled frame;
When following a pseudo-frame after the silence descriptor frame, enter discontinuous transmission mode; And
When receiving a speech frame, leave discontinuous transmission mode.
CN 98125343 1997-12-20 1998-12-18 Method and apparatus for discontinuous transmission Expired - Fee Related CN1222126C (en)

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GB9726879A GB2332598B (en) 1997-12-20 1997-12-20 Method and apparatus for discontinuous transmission

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CN1222126C true CN1222126C (en) 2005-10-05

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US7072832B1 (en) 1998-08-24 2006-07-04 Mindspeed Technologies, Inc. System for speech encoding having an adaptive encoding arrangement
FI105635B (en) 1998-09-01 2000-09-15 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Method of transmitting background noise information during data transfer in data frames
FI106907B (en) * 1998-09-09 2001-04-30 Nokia Networks Oy Broadcasting procedure and radio system
FI106906B (en) 1998-09-09 2001-04-30 Nokia Networks Oy Broadcasting procedure and radio system
JP4518714B2 (en) * 2001-08-31 2010-08-04 富士通株式会社 Speech code conversion method
GB2381702B (en) * 2001-11-02 2004-01-07 Motorola Inc Communication system, user equipment and method of performing a conference call therefor
EP1454447B1 (en) * 2001-11-21 2007-04-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for error correction in packet-oriented data transmission with transmission blocks that are better determined by descriptors
FI20060666A0 (en) * 2006-07-07 2006-07-07 Nokia Corp Procedures and systems for increasing the functionality of discontinuous transmission
CN101394660B (en) * 2007-09-17 2012-09-05 华为技术有限公司 Method and device for determining downlink sending mode
US9179404B2 (en) * 2013-03-25 2015-11-03 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for UE-only discontinuous-TX smart blanking
CN107682360B (en) * 2017-10-31 2020-09-08 维沃移动通信有限公司 Voice call processing method and mobile terminal

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US5537509A (en) * 1990-12-06 1996-07-16 Hughes Electronics Comfort noise generation for digital communication systems
FI98972C (en) * 1994-11-21 1997-09-10 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Digital mobile communication system
FI99066C (en) * 1995-01-31 1997-09-25 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd data Transfer method
SE9500858L (en) * 1995-03-10 1996-09-11 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Device and method of voice transmission and a telecommunication system comprising such device
GB2313259B (en) * 1996-05-17 2000-06-07 Motorola Israel Ltd A communication method

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GB9726879D0 (en) 1998-02-18
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CN1221267A (en) 1999-06-30
GB2332598A (en) 1999-06-23
FR2774240B1 (en) 2000-09-22
HK1019831A1 (en) 2000-02-25
FR2774240A1 (en) 1999-07-30

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