Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, work out a kind of new method for preparing the flat welding wire of alloy, make it shorten the processing process of flat alloy welding wire greatly, once-forming, improve the purity of flat alloy welding wire, reduce its impurity content and degree of oxidation, thereby improved its Weldability and weld strength, reduce product cost.
The preparation method of a kind of quick setting flat alloy welding wire of the present invention, with the soldering wire alloy ingot as raw material, raw material is placed crucible in the flat alloy welding wire spray to cast device, make raw material under vacuum condition or in the inert gas atmosphere, with Medium frequency induction or high-frequency induction heating, raw material is carried out melting, and said vacuum condition is 10
-2~10
-5Torr is 1.33Pa~1.33 * 10
-3Pa; said pressure as the inert gas of protecting is 30-152KPa for the 0.3-1.5 standard atmospheric pressure; the temperature of melting is than the high 30-300 of soldering wire alloy fusing point ℃; it is 2-1000KPa that inert gas injecting makes the suffered back pressure of soldering wire alloy melt; the melt that makes soldering wire alloy to the roll surface that places the chill roll that rotates in the vacuum chamber, and forms flat alloy welding wire by the stem bar spray to cast that fuses with U type mozzle.
Said back pressure is institute's applied pressure on melt liquid level.
With the content of each composition in the soldering wire alloy, when the batching that takes by weighing the needed amount of each composition is carried out melting as raw material, undertaken by known correlation technique, after finishing, melting casts the soldering wire alloy ingot.
As raw material, when melting, raw material soldering wire alloy ingot is placed the crucible of flat alloy welding wire spray to cast device with the soldering wire alloy ingot, carry out melting under vacuum condition or under the protection of inert gas, said vacuum condition is 10
-2~10
-5Torr is 1.33Pa~1.33 * 10
-3Pa; said pressure as the inert gas of protecting is 30-152KPa for the 0.3-1.5 standard atmospheric pressure; the temperature of melting is than the high 30-300 of soldering wire alloy fusing point ℃; and under the temperature of melting insulation 5-30 minute for well; the used inert gas as protection is argon, neon, helium a kind of inert gas wherein, is good with argon gas again.The melt of the soldering wire alloy after insulation is because inert gas injecting, the back pressure that makes melt is 2-1000KPa, the melt that makes soldering wire alloy by the stem bar jet flow that fuses with U type mozzle to the roll surface that places the chill roll that rotates in the vacuum chamber, and the generation flat alloy welding wire, the distance of the spout of stem bar and the roll surface of chill roll is 0.1~2.4 millimeter, the spout of said stem bar can be 1-60 spout side by side, is good with 1-10 again.Spout is circular, square, wherein a kind of of rectangle, the diameter of circular spout is the 0.05-2 millimeter, the length of side of square spout is the 0.05-2 millimeter, the rectangle spout its wide be the 0.05-1.5 millimeter, long 0.06-2 millimeter.The rotating speed of chill roll is the 3-40 meter per second, and the rotating speed that is used to clear up the roller-cleaning device of chill roll is the 0.1-20 meter per second.Vacuum during the flat alloy silk of spray to cast in vacuum chamber and the crucible is 10
-1-10
-5Torr is 13.3~1.33 * 10
-3Pa charges into inert gas again melt is applied back pressure 2-1000KPa.
, the soldering wire alloy ingot is packed in the crucible of flat alloy welding wire spray to cast device, as raw material with the soldering wire alloy ingot 10
-2~10
-5Torr is 1.33Pa~1.33 * 10
-3The vacuum condition of Pa down or the 0.3-1.5 standard atmospheric pressure be that the protection of inert gas of 30-152KPa is down with middle and high frequency eddy-current heating melt; the temperature of its melting is than the high 30-300 of soldering wire alloy fusing point ℃; and under the temperature of melting, be incubated 5-30 minute; if do not contain middle and high vapour pressure element in the soldering wire alloy, then the vacuum in vacuum chamber 11 and crucible 6 reaches 10
-2-10
-5Torr is 1.33Pa~1.33 * 10
-3Carry out melting under the condition of Pa, and be incubated 5-30 minute, the height of vacuum will decide according to the character of soldering wire alloy.If contain middle and high vapour pressure element in the soldering wire alloy, then work as the character decision that vacuum chamber 11 and crucible 6 interior vacuums reach an alloy).Charge into inert gas in crucible 6 and vacuum chamber 11, charge into is 30-152KPa as the pressure of the inert gas of protection, carries out melting again under high 30-300 ℃ than soldering wire alloy fusing point smelting temperature, and is incubated 5-30 minute under smelting temperature.
Raw material soldering wire alloy ingot is packed in the crucible 6 in the flat welding wire spray to cast device, with bolt 23 crucible gland 22 is pressed on above the crucible 6, connects each road tracheae, the roll surface distance of the spout 32 of adjusting stem bar 9 and chill roll 10 is to designated value, build bell 29, install surge drum 28, open magnetic valve 20 after, start mechanical pump, and preheating diffusion pump 15, start diffusion pump afterwards, vacuumize, treat that vacuum reaches 10 in vacuum chamber 11 and the crucible 6
-2-10
-5Torr is 1.33Pa~1.33 * 10
-3Pa, if in not containing in the soldering wire alloy, high vapour pressure element, just can carry out melting this moment, during melt can adopt, high-frequency induction heating, to note during melting guaranteeing to shorten smelting time as far as possible under the sufficient prerequisite of melting, to reduce the degree of oxidation of soldering wire alloy, after the melting insulation, close magnetic valve 20, open cooling water, start chill roll 10 and its rotating speed is transferred to predetermined value, then start roller-cleaning device 12, and rotating speed is transferred to predetermined value, open pressure gas source 19 then, melt 8 is applied the back pressure of 2-1000KPa, melt 8 be forced out crucible 6 and by the stem bar spray to cast that fuses with U type mozzle to the roll surface of chill roll 10, under the turning effort of chill roll 10 and cooling effect, form flat alloy welding wire.If contain middle and high vapour pressure element in the soldering wire alloy, then the vacuum in vacuum chamber 11 and crucible 6 reaches 10
-2-10
-51.33Pa during torr~1.33 * 10
-3During Pa, close mechanical pump and diffusion pump, in vacuum chamber 11 and crucible 6, charge into after inert gas 0.3-1.5 standard atmospheric pressure is the inert gas of 30-152KPa, melting technique according to relevant soldering wire alloy carries out melting equally, also require guaranteeing to shorten smelting time as far as possible under the sufficient prerequisite of melting, be incubated after the melting, start mechanical pump and vacuumize after insulation, the vacuum in vacuum chamber 11 and crucible 6 reaches 10
-1-10
-513.3Pa during torr~1.33 * 10
-3During Pa, close magnetic valve 20, open cooling water, start cold action roller 10 and cleaner 12, and its rotating speed is transferred to predetermined value, open source of the gas 19 and apply back pressure to 2-1000KPa to melt 8, with melt 8 spray to casts to roll surface, form flat soldering wire alloy, close source of the gas 19, melting power supply after throwing finishes successively, cut off vavuum pump, diffusion pump, chill roll, roller-cleaning device, cooling water etc.
The used device of method of the present invention comprises melting, injection, mechanical adjustment, vacuum, cooling and part such as automatically controlled.
Melting and spout part comprise Medium frequency induction melting coil 24, crucible 6, crucible gland 22, sealing ring 21, sealing ring 21 can be made with red copper, the crucible gland can be made with stainless steel or high-temperature steel, and stem bar 9, the metal hose 1 (for the commercial metals bellows) of circle, rectangle or square spout 32 arranged on the U type mozzle.The dress inert gas is provided with pressure-reducing valve 18, for thermometric is provided with thermocouple and sleeve pipe 2 in the source of the gas 19 in order to reduce pressure.Heat-insulation layer 25 is the commercial alumina fibrous composite.Stem bar 9 fuses with U type mozzle 7.Said stem bar 9 fuses with U type mozzle 7, be U type mozzle 7 and stem bar 9 to be made one whole or make U type mozzle 7 with a kind of material with a kind of material, make stem bar with above-mentioned same material again, use commercially available high-temp glue again, for example Ludox bonds together it.U type mozzle 7 or stem bar 9 are connected with crucible 6 by the mode of screw thread or bonding, have so promptly saved stopper rod, have simplified apparatus structure, can guarantee again runout does not take place in the process of melting, could flow out crucible 6 because melt 8 has only by the effect of air pressure.Crucible 6, U type mozzle 7 and stem bar 9 can be used quartz, graphite, metal for example platinum and pottery, and for example wherein a kind of material of boron nitride, zirconia is made.
With crucible gland 22 and sealing ring 21 sealings, be connected to thermocouple and sleeve pipe 2 thereof on crucible gland 22 above the crucible 6, thermocouple and sleeve pipe 2 thereof are the blind pipe form, and realize being connected with the tight of crucible gland 22 by screw thread.Also be connected to metal hose 1 and magnetic valve 20 on crucible gland 22, crucible gland 22 is realized contacting with the tight of crucible 6 by bolt 23, and realizes sealing by means of sealing ring 21.Crucible 6 outsides are load coils 24, adopt middle and high frequency eddy-current heating.Below the crucible 6 be commercially available insulation material for example the alumina fibre composite make heat-insulation layer 25, its on the one hand can play insulation effect, can reduce the temperature of crucible holder 26 on the other hand, and reduces crucible holder 26 distortion.Crucible holder can be made with stainless steel or heat resisting steel.Metal hose 1 passes vacuum chamber 11 and joins with its outer source of the gas 19, and is connected to the size of vacuum/pressurized table 17 with the back pressure that shows the vacuum in the crucible 6 and crucible 6 interior melts are applied.
The machinery adjustment member comprises handwheel 3, displacement digital display table 4, knife rest 5, crucible holder 26, device pedestal 13 etc.Crucible 6 is fixed on the crucible holder 26, and crucible holder 26 is by being bolted on the knife rest 5.By rotating handwheel 3, crucible 6 and can do the accurate adjusting of the position of vertical direction with the stem bar 9 that U type mozzle fuses, and demonstrate the height and position of stem bar 9 by digital display meter 4.
Vacuum plant partly comprises vacuum chamber 11, surge drum 28, mechanical pump and diffusion pump 15, vacuum pipe 14, magnetic valve 20, vacuum/pressurized table 17 etc.
The effect of magnetic valve 20 is when vacuumizing, and magnetic valve 20 is opened the eliminating that can be the gas in the crucible 6 new passage is provided, to accelerate the rising of vacuum in the crucible 6.The effect of vacuum chamber 11 is that the spray to cast for flat alloy welding wire provides a vacuum environment, and is minimum so that gas is dropped to the influence degree of flat alloy welding wire surface quality, thereby improves the surface quality of flat alloy welding wire.Surge drum 28 plays the effect of collecting flat alloy silk.The effect of mechanical pump and diffusion pump 15 is the gas of removing in vacuum chamber 11, crucible 6 and the surge drum 28, particularly oxygen.
Cooling segment comprises chill roll 10, main shaft and support thereof, cooling water seal nipple, dc speed-regulating motor 16 and belt etc., and by the cooling water of chill roll, its inlet water temperature is advisable with 5-35 ℃.
The roller shell of chill roll 10 adopts the copper alloy material, can select copper chromium or copper beryllium alloy for use, have the groove of flow of cooling water in the roller and form cooling-water duct with main shaft and cooling water movable sealing joint, in time the heat with the melt of spray to cast to the roll surface passes away, thereby realizes the rapid solidification of melt.Roller-cleaning device 12 can in time be cleared up the metal that remains on the roll surface, to improve the surface quality of flat alloy welding wire.
Adopt dc speed-regulating motor 16 and by belt power is passed on the main shaft, dc speed-regulating motor 16 can be realized the stepless time adjustment of 0-3000r/min.
Control section comprises regulates control to the rotating speed of dc speed-regulating motor 16, to the control of the rotating speed of chill roll 10 and roller-cleaning device 12, the control carried out to the control of induction melting coil 24 fusion process with to mechanical pump and diffusion pump 15 etc.
The preparation method's of quick setting flat alloy welding wire of the present invention advantage just is:
1. adopt the wetability of the flat alloy welding wire that method of the present invention prepares good, moment good fluidity, Weldability is strong; Welding wire is organized fine and closely woven, the purity height, and impurity content is few, and degree of oxidation is low; Toughness, the plasticity of welding wire are improved, and intensity is improved, the brittle alloy welding wire of preparing with method of the present invention particularly, and the improvement of its toughness is particularly evident; The surface quality of welding wire is good, dimensionally stable, and welding wire is open and flat, its smooth surface, bright, the dimensional discrepancy of thickness and width is no more than 16% of welding wire corresponding size.The flat alloy welding wire that can prepare speciality surpasses the flat alloy welding wire of myriametre such as length.
2. welding wire is owing to belong to the rapid solidification goods, and its tissue is the thermodynamics unstable state, is crystallite or amorphous state, and its atom has the tendency that releases energy when fusing, so alloy melting point decreases during than its crystalline state.
3. adopt the Joint Strength height of the flat alloy welding wire of the present invention's preparation, anti-fatigue performance is good, and the soldering reliability height is particularly suitable for electronics industry, requires the occasion of high reliability welding in the fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics and military project.
4. use method of the present invention, the manufacturing cost of flat alloy welding wire reduces greatly, and yield rate is improved, and has shortened processing process and production cycle simultaneously, and has reduced equipment and factory building investment.
Below with embodiment method of the present invention is further described, will help the present invention and advantage thereof are done further to understand, protection scope of the present invention is not subjected to the qualification of these embodiment, protection scope of the present invention is decided by claims.
Embodiment 1
Press Ag
5Cu
65Sn
30Composition prepare burden, with the known technology melting and cast Ag
5Cu
65Sn
30The soldering wire alloy ingot.
The soldering wire alloy ingot is packed in the crucible 6 of flat alloy welding wire spray to cast machine, crucible is made by graphite, after covering crucible gland 22, the spout 32 of adjusting stem bar 9 to the distance of the roll surface of chill roll 10 is 0.4 millimeter, the spout of stem bar 9 is a circular spout, the diameter of circular spout is 0.6 millimeter, connects metal hose 1 and thermocouple and sleeve pipe 2 thereof etc.Cover furnace top cover 29 and install surge drum 28, open magnetic valve 20 after, start mechanical pump and diffusion pump 15 successively, make the vacuum of vacuum chamber 11 and crucible 6 reach 10
-4Torr is 1.33 * 10
-2Pa charges into argon gas then in crucible 6 He in the vacuum chamber 11, the pressure that makes argon gas is that 1 standard atmospheric pressure is 101.3KPa, with Frequency Induction Heating to 800 ℃, under 800 ℃ temperature, carry out melting, and under 800 ℃ temperature, be incubated 10 minutes, start mechanical pump after the insulation and be evacuated to 10
-1Torr is 13.3Pa, close magnetic valve 20 then, open cooling water, start chill roll 10, and the chill roll rotating speed transferred to 20 meter per seconds, the clearer rotating speed is 5 meter per seconds, and the inlet temperature that makes the cooling water of chill roll 10 is 15 ℃, open the total air valve and the pressure-reducing valve 18 of argon bottle 19, melt 8 is applied back pressure 5KPa, melt is by the spout 32 of the stem bar 9 that fuses with U type mozzle 7, the spray to cast flat alloy welding wire, U type mozzle 7 is made by quartz, and stem bar is made by quartz, and U type mozzle 7 and stem bar 9 fuse.Made flat alloy welding wire toughness be improved significantly, smooth surface, open and flat, sectional dimension are 0.035 * 0.62mm
2, length is not less than 1100 meters, and the surperficial microphoto (* 100) of its flat welding wire is seen Fig. 1, and side microphoto (* 100) is seen Fig. 2.The dimensional discrepancy of its thickness and width<12%.
Embodiment 2
Its method of operating and equipment are substantially with embodiment 1, and only different is with AlSi
12.6Flat alloy pig is as raw material, and this alloy welding wire need not to charge into protective gas for not containing the soldering wire alloy of middle and high vapour pressure element during melting, carry out in vacuum environment.With AlSi
12.8The soldering wire alloy ingot is a raw material, takes by weighing material and weighs 150 grams, makes the vacuum of vacuum chamber 11 and crucible 6 reach 10
-4Torr, promptly 1.33 * 10
-2Pa, with Frequency Induction Heating to 790 ℃, carry out melting under 790 ℃ temperature, and be incubated 5 minutes under 790 ℃ temperature, the spout 32 of stem bar 9 to the distance of the roll surface of chill roll 10 is 0.8 millimeter, the spout of stem bar 9 is a circular spout, the diameter of circular spout is 0.4 millimeter, and the suffered back pressure of melt is 10KPa, and the rotating speed of chill roll is 15 meter per seconds, the inlet temperature of cooling water is 15 ℃, and the rotating speed of roller-cleaning device is 6 meter per seconds.The flat alloy welding wire that makes, its cross section is of a size of 0.038 * 0.42mm
2, length is not less than 1250 meters, and the alloy welding wire alloy structure is fine and closely woven, and cooling rate reaches 10
6K/S, alloy welding wire is open and flat, dimensionally stable, good toughness, the intensity height, Weldability is strong, and welding spot reliability is higher.
Embodiment 3
Its method of operating and equipment are substantially with embodiment 2, and only different is with AlSi
1Flat alloy pig is as raw material.This flat alloy welding wire is for not containing the soldering wire alloy of middle and high vapour pressure element, with AlSi
1The soldering wire alloy ingot is a raw material, takes by weighing material and weighs 150 grams, makes the vacuum of vacuum chamber 11 and crucible 6 reach 10
-4Torr, promptly 1.33 * 10
-2Pa, with Frequency Induction Heating to 850 ℃, under 850 ℃ temperature, carry out melting, and under 850 ℃ temperature, be incubated 20 minutes, and the spout 32 of stem bar 9 is 0.5 millimeter to the distance on the roll surface of chill roll 10, the spout 32 of stem bar 9 is a circular spout, the diameter of circular spout is 0.6 millimeter, the back pressure 14KPa that melt is suffered, the rotating speed of chill roll 10 are 12 meter per seconds, and the rotating speed of clearer is 8 meter per seconds.The flat alloy welding wire that makes, its sectional dimension are 0.045 * 0.63mm
2, length is not less than 1320 meters, and alloy welding wire is open and flat, smooth surface, dimensionally stable, the intensity height, Weldability is strong, and the weldering reliability is higher.