CN1219975A

CN1219975A - Process and apparatus for treating leather and like

Info

Publication number: CN1219975A
Application number: CN97194986A
Authority: CN
Inventors: E·维可; M·休卡尼
Original assignee: Marvic S R L
Current assignee: Marvic S R L
Priority date: 1996-05-02
Filing date: 1997-04-23
Publication date: 1999-06-16
Also published as: AU727046B2; EP0896635A1; HUP9902462A3; TR199802190T2; NZ332590A; ID17201A; AU2519797A; CA2253486A1; YU16497A; CO4870793A1; BR9708890A; ITBO960233A0; SK148398A3; AR006948A1; TNSN97072A1; ZA973381B; ITBO960233A1; HRP970218A2; YU48298A; PL329687A1

Abstract

According to the process of treating leather and the like, spread pieces of leather to be treated (1) are put on respective open supports (2). These supports (2), with spread pieces of leather carried thereon, are introduced into at least one container (4), kept in depression and sealed for the introduction therein of suitable treating liquid solutions so that at least soaking, liming, pickling, tanning and re-tanning steps can be performed on the leather pieces. Each liquid solution (5) is swirled during the corresponding leather (1) treatment step.

Description

The method and apparatus of processing leather etc.

Technical scope

The present invention relates to process for tanning of leather etc. etc.

Prior art

Know that animal skin is with various solution tannings, these solution still irreversibly are fixed on the skin, make animal skin become the skin of tanning, so that imputrescibility.

This processing comprises different steps, and they usually are complicated, and needs relative long time.

When rawhide was delivered to tannery, logical customary salt carried out drying, and rawhide at first carries out real tanning and prepares.

This preparation at first comprises the immersion step, promptly removes the impurity that covers on rawhide flesh noodles and the rawhide grain, and listerine, so that make leather recover its natural flexibility.

The leather that will handle soaks in the rotary drum that is fit to liquor is housed.

Fixed paddle or stake are housed in these rotary drums, and in the drum rotating process, they act on the leather.

So both form by the chemical action of liquor and to the mechanical effect of leather in this processing, its time length is 6-24 hour.

After this, scrape the meat step, with this step with fat from removing through the leather of immersion, carry out liming subsequently and handle, so that remove unhairing and manifest corium.

Liming is for example carried out in the suitable rotary drum of sulfide or lime in that alkaline matter is housed, and it makes leather organize swelling, and makes the hair root dissolving.

Or rather, leather is by swelling, and fat is transformed into calcium salt, and because major key in the protein chain and time bond rupture make the protein denaturation that constitutes leather, hair is separated from leather subsequently.

Be used for liming and be used for open to the outside world leather pore simultaneously, so that carry out real tanning and painted material has highly polluted property, it causes all known problems of waste treatment and/or purifying.The liming step takes 24 hours usually.

The leather that will so prepare carries out deliming and softening once more in the rotary drum that is fit to then.Because the deliming step has removed residual lime with deliming salt usually.

Softening is a kind ofly to make the biological action of grain side of leather remollescent with enzyme, and enzyme is partly dissolved spandex fiber, makes leather loose.

Subsequently, leather is carried out pickling, promptly handle, this processing can guarantee the rapider and infiltration fully of tanning salt.

In fact, can not use for example tanning chromic salts tanning, because it can cause the chemical reaction that stops up the leather duct through remollescent leather (alkali reaction is arranged).

So, in the presence of salt (being generally sodium-chlor), make the leather acidifying, so that prevent swelling with small amount of acid.This step carries out in rotary drum, on average continues 10-12 hour.

Real tanning is handled in above-mentioned rotary drum with plant solution (for example natural or synthetic tanning solution) or inorganic salt (being mainly chromic salts etc.) and is carried out.

Liming, softening, pickling and each step of tanning amount on average to take and are not less than 48 hours (it changes with leather type to be processed).

Suitable will the extruding through the leather of tanning be removed the part moisture of absorption, the processing of dyeing behind selection and the shaving, or be called retanning.This staining procedure on average takes 8 hours.

Therefore, as described, the long time that needs is handled in above-mentioned tanning, and it may on average take a week.

In order to obtain sufficiently high productivity, therefore need to use a large amount of relatively large-scale rotary drums.The leather sheet that will handle is put into rotary drum in a large number, and directly stands mechanical effect, and it may make leather damage sometimes.

A main drawback of conventional process for tanning is that the poison gas that the spoilage organism that produces mainly due to above-mentioned rotary drum sends is so Working environment is extremely harmful.

And, handle the used material of waste liquid, particularly liming of discharging when above-mentioned treating processes finishes and have serious problem.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of like this method, the comparable known system of this method uses the shorter time to carry out the tanning of leather etc., compare with known technology simultaneously, this method can guarantee to obtain high-quality tan leather and high productivity, also has low energy consumption.

Another main purpose of the present invention provides the method that available a kind of like this equipment carries out, and this equipment can be operated in harmless Working environment, and the problem relevant with waste treatment relaxes greatly.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of like this method, and in the quality of identical tan leather, this method can reduce the quantity of used material significantly.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method of carrying out under not air-polluting condition.

And another object of the present invention provides a kind of equipment of implementing aforesaid method.

Above-mentioned purpose reaches by a kind of like this method of handling leather etc., and this method comprises:

The expansion leather that will handle is put into container with being spaced from each other; By preset time interval and order liquor is sent into described container and respectively go on foot the leather tanning processing, per step discharges described liquor after finishing from container; Make the inside of described container in each one step, keep negative pressure at least; In each step, between liquor and described leather sheet, produce relative movement, so that strengthen of the effect of described liquor to leather.

Use a kind of like this equipment to carry out present method, this equipment comprises: the container of a sealing; Many supports, they can be put into described container and therefrom take out, and will launch leather sheet accordingly and fix on support, and these supports are placed described container by this way, so that leather sheet is kept at interval; The first serial basin of the predetermined liquid solution that corresponding leather treatment step uses is housed; Switching device and operating device, they link to each other each described basin with container, so that the related fluid liquid solution of corresponding leather treatment step use is sent into wherein; Make and when carrying out the leather treatment step, make the evacuating equipment that keeps negative pressure in the described container at least; Make the equipment that produces relative movement between liquor and the described leather sheet, so that strengthen of the effect of described liquor to leather.

According to another embodiment, this method comprises:

Be contained in unfolded leather sheet to be processed in the container at each interval; Liquor is sent into described container so that carry out the step that leather tanning is handled; Keeping described container when carrying out described step is negative pressure; In above-mentioned steps, between liquor and described leather sheet, produce relative movement, so that strengthen of the effect of described liquor to described leather sheet; From described first container, give off described liquor; From first container, take out described leather sheet; In another container, repeat aforesaid operations, so that carry out all the other steps that leather tanning is handled.

According to another embodiment, this equipment comprises:

The container of many sealings, the leather treatment step of in these containers, being scheduled to; Many supports of packing container into or taking out from container launch leather sheet accordingly and are fixed on this support, and these supports are placed in the described container by this way, separate each other to cause leather sheet; First series is equipped with the basin of the predetermined liquid solution of corresponding leather treatment step; Turn on/off devices and operating device, they make described basin be communicated with cell therefor, so that send into the related fluid liquid solution of corresponding leather treatment step; At least in the leather treatment step process of being correlated with, make the evacuating equipment that keeps negative pressure in each described container; In each described container, make the equipment that produces relative movement between corresponding liquid solution and the described leather sheet, so that strengthen of the effect of described liquor to leather.

Point out some other feature and characteristics in the dependent claims.

Brief description

In the following description, particularly with reference to the accompanying drawings, will point out characteristics of the present invention, wherein:

-Fig. 1 is the orthographic plan of leather sheet support unit to be processed;

-Fig. 2 a, 2b represent the container view that above-mentioned support unit is put into different arrangements respectively with 2c;

-Fig. 3 is illustrated in the step of leather processing, the hard straight sectional view of described container;

-Fig. 4 a and 4b represent that the method according to this invention carries out the equipment drawing that corresponding tanning is handled;

-Fig. 5 a, 5b represent to carry out in a different manner two different embodiment figure of aforesaid device of the inventive method;

-Fig. 6 represents to carry out in another way a possible equipment drawing of the inventive method;

Another embodiment of-Fig. 7 indication equipment;

The structure work-around solution of-Fig. 8 indication equipment container;

-Fig. 9 a and 9b are illustrated in two kinds of equipment drawings of recovered steam under two kinds of operational conditions.

Implement best mode of the present invention

With reference to above-mentioned accompanying drawing, the leather that numeral 1 expression a slice will tanning be handled according to the present invention.According to present method, the leather sheet that will handle for example launches on the framework among Fig. 12 at separately open type support.Extender by a series of known types is tightened to leather sheet 1 on the framework 2.

With the framework 2 that is supported with unfolded leather sheet 1 container 4 of packing into, and make frame fixation according to embodiment preferred, container is airtight, so that handle with the suitable liquor of sending into wherein.

With the framework 2 regular compartment of terrains that are supported with unfolded leather sheet 1 container 4 of packing into, preferably vertically arrange, seen in Fig. 2 a.

Yet, also framework 2 can be installed in the container 4 by level (Fig. 2 b) or inclination.

Under the situation that leather sheet is vertically installed, leather sheet can be hung in (not shown) on the suitable frame fully, so that make them that certain intervals be arranged mutually.

Shown in the example among Fig. 3, container 4 tops that treatment liq solution is housed are with covering 6 sealings.In the bottom of container 4, it has carrier base 7, is used to be supported with the framework 2 of leather sheet 1.

Interchanger 8 also is equipped with in inside at container 4, and it is heated to required temperature with liquor 5.On framework 2 in the unfolded leather sheet treating processes, with liquor 5 turbulent flows of container 4.For this reason, container 4 has a delivery element 9, and it is made of the screen that a series of jet orifices 10 are arranged below the carrier base 7 of framework 2, forms bubble from the jet orifice injection air.

In container 4 liquor 5 above, keep negative pressure with the evacuating equipment 11 that is fit to, evacuating equipment is by pipeline 110, again through in two with

basin

111a and 111b in one link to each other with container (basin will be described below).To discuss hereinafter keeping the advantage of negative pressure in the container 4.

And because this negative pressure, air flows through delivery element 9 and sucks from the external world.In addition, negative pressure also makes the energy decreases that working temperature consumed that reaches required.In addition, above-mentioned airflow also can obtain by the suitable gas booster compressor that links to each other with delivery element 9.

Below, identical numbering is finished expression the equipment of same function.Tanning shown in Fig. 4 a is handled and is comprised a series of basins 12 with equipment, and they preferably seal, and are equipped with to offering the liquor of above-mentioned processing vessel 4.

Specifically, have 4 be applied to mutually to soak,

basin

12a, 12b, 12c, the 12d that liquor is provided of liming, pickling and tanning step.If desired, in the tanning treating processes, also with leather coloring.Basin is equipped with

interchanger

13a, 13b, 13c and 13d separately, and they make liquor remain on required temperature.Interchanger 13a, 13b, 13c and 13d control by the line shown in S1, S2, S3 and the S4 with control unit 14.

The feed basin links to each other with

spray tube

15a, 15b, 15c and 15d that associated

pump

16a, 16b, 16c and 16d are housed separately, and they are controlled by the line shown in P1, P2, P3 and the P4 with control unit 14.

Spray tube

15a, 15b, 15c and 15d link to each other with spray tube 17 with container 4 by the valve 18 by control unit 14 controls.

Outlet pipe 19 is equipped with and with the pump 20 of the control of control unit 14 in the bottom of container 4.Outlet pipe 19 links to each other with

delivery pipe

22a, 22b, 22c and 22d respectively by valve 21, and they communicate with

waste material basin

23a, 23b, 23c and the 23d of liquor of use in the container 4 separately.Waste material basin 23 communicates with corresponding feed storage tank 12 by

return line

24a, 24b, 24c, 24d separately, and separately pump 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d are housed on the pipeline, controls with control unit 14.

As another structural shape,

outfall pipeline

22a, 22b, 22c and 22d are connected to (not shown) on the single current collector, and the latter links to each other with the cleaner that is fit to.

In practice, in order to carry out each step in the above-mentioned tanning treatment step, deliver to container 4 from the liquor that relevant feed basin 12 takes out.

According to an embodiment preferred, this equipment also comprises basin 30a, the 30b of two other at least dress washing liq solution, and they are described hereinafter, and they are equipped with

relevant spray tube

31a, 31b and control and associated pump 32a, 32b with control unit 14.These pipelines link to each other with the inlet line 33 of container 4 by the valve 34 with control unit 14 controls.

The outlet line 19 that bottom above-mentioned and container 4 links to each other also can link to each other by one among valve 21 and delivery pipe 35a, the 35b or another, flows into

basin

30a, 30b respectively.

In container 4, as mentioned above, in liquor, the airflow that passes through to be produced produces the liquor turbulent flow.

Should point out, before each one step carries out, more precisely, before liquor is sent into container, in container, produce negative pressure earlier, so that make the leather swelling, make leather become spongy, thereby make liquor easier the effect of leather.

Above-mentioned turbulent flow produces a kind of massage effect on leather sheet, it replaces the mechanical effect of known architectures, and don't damages leather.

After each described treatment step is finished, from container 4, extract used liquid solution out, and deliver to relevant waste material basin 23.After being familiar with the known technology regeneration of those skilled in the art, this solution can be sent into corresponding feed basin 12 once more, is used for new tanning circulation.

With being contained in the processing of soaking of liquor among the basin 12a; Water may be added with chemical promoter;

Owing to just produced negative pressure before liquor is sent into, the easier suction of leather because leather is tending towards the nature swelling, therefore becomes more spongy, as above-mentioned.These factors, promptly the compound action of negative pressure and turbulent flow shortens the required time of immersion step.After immersion is finished, with the water washing leather sheet that is contained among the basin 30a.

According to the method for oxidation that for example uses clorox or enzyme agent, carry out the liming processing with the liquor that is contained among the basin 12b.Should point out that clorox can not be used for the liming step of carrying out at wooden rotary drum, because clorox discharges chlorine, it causes wood corrosion.Because air-breathing and discharge by pipeline 110 with evacuating equipment 11, chlorine enters among basin 111a, the 111b, and basin is equipped with sodium hyposulfate, and it makes the chlorine neutralization, as known.In this way, evacuating equipment 11 is protected, and has also solved the handling problem of the material of liming processing use simultaneously.In this case, make the compound action of the massage effect that leather swollen negative pressure, clorox and turbulent air produce on leather that liming is finished dealing with.

Owing to following reason, it has very big advantage:

-use a kind of like this material, its processing (more precisely neutralization) is not pretty troublesome;

-because Working environment is in negative pressure, energy consumption is descended;

-leather is not subjected to mechanical stress.

The swelling that be also pointed out that leather also makes the hole open, and tanning and dyeing that it helps are subsequently handled.

The liming step takes about 5 hours.After the liming, with the washing of the material among basin 30b leather.Then carry out the pickling step after the liming step, it carries out with the material among the basin 12c; The massage effect that leather is carried out by turbulent flow can be strengthened the effect of this operation.

Liquor is housed among the basin 12d is used for real tanning step, if desired, also be used for staining procedure, the latter carries out with the tinting material (for example plant tinting material) that is dispersed in the liquid.

Liquor also can contain the reagent that makes leather easy to lubricate.Because the effect of negative pressure, it is open that the hole remains, and makes that finishing the required time of these steps shortens.Compare with the method for routine, the quantity of tanning and coloring matter reduces.

In fact, compare with known system, under described condition, (be the leather swelling, therefore more spongy), tanning agents and the staining agent density loss in liquor, (tanning agents and staining agent are transferred to from liquor on the leather, and they irreversibly are fixed on the leather), so the comparatively small amt of these reagent, but resulting result's quality is still identical.Pickling, tanning and dying operation take about 24-36 hour.

Known, real tanning is handled available so-called pretanning agent and is carried out, and use simultaneously leather fat dye (being also referred to as retanning) can handle separate with real tanning and carry out, and after it, carry out.

In Fig. 4 b, illustrate the equipment of finishing above-mentioned work-around solution, wherein digital 12e represents to be equipped with the basin of the pre-tanning product of liquid liquid, 23e represents to be equipped with the basin of finishing waste liquid after the pre-tanning, 30d represents to be equipped with the basin at the solution of finishing pre-tanning after scouring leather, 12f represents to be used for the basin of the liquor of leather retanning and stuffing, and 23f represents to receive after final step is finished the basin from the waste material of container 4.

Usually, compare with the technology of routine, verified method of the present invention can be finished the tanning of leather in the quite short time, guarantee to obtain high-quality tan leather simultaneously.

By leather is launched on framework 2, because turbulent motion (handling with it) and suction function that airflow produces in liquor 5 also help this result.

Specifically, should point out that leather sheet can not be subjected to the intensive mechanical stress, and therefore the massage effect that produced by described turbulent motion there is tangible quality advantage.

Obtained an important feature of present method by the following fact: this method is carried out in the container of sealing.Therefore, prevented to handle the working conditions in place thereby improved leather tanning because of the corrupt poison gas that produces of organism is diffused in the environment.

And the method that is proposed has been alleviated waste disposal and/or neutral problem greatly, has saved energy and used material, especially for tanning and painted material.What also must emphasize is that method described here also can be carried out under the condition that does not have the leather washing.

Fig. 5 a represents another embodiment of this equipment, and wherein identical step uses more processing vessel to carry out this method, the equipment shown in Fig. 4 a.Have 4

container

4a, 4b, 4c and 4d to be arranged in delegation, be respectively applied for immersion, liming, pickling and tanning step, the tanning step dyes simultaneously and may also have stuffing.

Represent to be equipped with the basin of the solution that carries out these steps and washing subsequently with numbering identical among Fig. 4 a, they all are equipped with the valve and the pump (not shown) of above-mentioned same type.

In this case, the framework 2 that supports the unfolded leather sheet for example be installed in handling equipment 29 carrier 28 in aggregates on, it sends described carrier 28 into

container

4a, 4b, 4c and 4d and from wherein taking out.These handling equipments 29 for example comprise balladeur train 30, and its drives with electrical equipment (not shown), and its is along moving with the fixed frame 32 of equipment track segment 31 in aggregates.Therefore, in each container, finish predetermined process and the possible washing of described leather that leather is handled.Preferably, leather washing (referring to Fig. 6) in corresponding

additional reservoir

114a, 114b.

More precisely, in container 4a, after the immersion, leather is therefrom taken out, and send among the additional reservoir 114a, therein with the washing of the liquor among basin 30a leather.The liming step is carried out in container 4b, washs in relevant additional reservoir 114b subsequently.

The method of carrying out, promptly the washing leather is avoided wanting

clean container

4a, 4b respectively behind the washing operation of immersion and liming in additional reservoir.

Equipment shown in Fig. 5 b carries out the described various processes of Fig. 4

b.In container

4a, 4b, 4c and 4d, leather is through immersion, liming, pickling, pre-tanning, tanning, dyeing stuffing simultaneously at last.

Each container that carries out these steps therein uses the identical numbering of Fig. 4 b to represent.In this case, the washing after immersion, liming and the pre-tanning step can be carried out in relevant additional reservoir, and situation as shown in Figure 6 is the same.

Obviously, need the different operation of many and described two illustrative embodiment (Fig. 4 a, 5a and 4b, 5b) if leather is handled, equipment can change accordingly, but can keep all advantages of the present invention simultaneously.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 a, the 5b, 6, also can deliver to shared discharging current collector from the liquor of container discharge separately.

The characteristics of embodiment preferred of the present invention have following technical elements:

-container 4 is maintained fixed;

-leather sheet launches and by this at interval;

-in a kind of like this container, handle, before liquor was sent into wherein, this container had sealed and has remained under the negative pressure;

-liquor turbulent flow, it produces a kind of massage effect to leather.

According to a work-around solution of present method, container 4 (or

container

4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) can be along transverse axis and/or longitudinal axis rotation, produces relative movement so that make in treatment step or washing step subsequently between the liquor of leather sheet and use.

Preferably, be contained in that liquor among basin 111a, the 111b significantly reduces and/or in and in the leather treating processes in container 4 (or

container

4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f) all volatile compounds of generation.

For this reason, can parallel installation more containers 111, wherein each is equipped with the liquor of at least a predetermined volatile compound that can significantly reduce and/or neutralize.Might act on the suitable equipment (for example electrically operated valve) that links to each other with these basins by control unit 14, so that one or more liquors of arranging of will embarking on journey are sent into pipeline 110.This depends on the treatment step of being correlated with in container 4, with the kind of the volatile compound that produces in this step.

Under the situation of more containers, the pipeline 110 that each root links to each other with evacuating equipment 11 links to each other with the basin 111 that plays above-mentioned effect.Each feed basin can be equipped with and make the liquor blended equipment that is mounted in it, and these equipment are not shown, because they are in those skilled in the art's ken.

Fig. 7 represents another embodiment of this equipment, wherein numbers 201,202,203,204 expressions immersion, liming, pickling and the tanning feed basin with liquor is housed

respectively.Numbering

212a, 212b, 212c, 212d represent corresponding interchanger (controlling by line S1, S2, S3, S4 with control unit 14).

Numbering

216a, 216b, 216c, 216d represent corresponding charging pump, and it is also operated by line P1, P2, P3 and P4 with control unit 14.

In this case, splashing device is grid 9 can communicate with the external world by the relevant motorized valve 250 with control unit operation (normal operating condition of container 4).

As a replacement scheme, splashing device 9 can be by also being connected among a series of

auxiliary feed basin

300a, 300b, 300c, the 300d one or another (for example 4 basins, but number comparable 4 is greater or lesser) with relevant

motorized valve

301a, 301b, 301c, the 301d of control unit operation.

Each auxiliary feed basin is equipped with suitable material, pure substance or the material that suitably dilutes, and in the corresponding steps of present method, their liquor in

feed basin

212a, 212b, 212c, 212d is used.

This structure has determined that advantageous conditions is, percentage ratio that it can be scheduled to and/or weight make this material mix with the liquor that relates to each time, so that carry out these processing steps in a desired manner.

Be used for practice for this may be acted on, control unit 14 cuts off link (by the motorized valve 250) in the container 4 and the external world, container 4 is connected with the auxiliary feed basin of being scheduled to, and the short period of time keeps this connection.Condition of negative pressure in the container 4 makes the material from auxiliary feed basin flow into this container.270 decisions (it is not shown) of mass flow-rate available pump, and available suitable gauge is measured (also not shown).

By using the grid 9 of surge, might make the material that sprays into to mix rapidly with the liquor in container 5 to container.

As another replacement scheme, can when liquor 5 is sent into or before liquor is sent into, these materials be sent into container.And these materials can not sent into container by grid 9 by additive method yet.For those skilled in the art, these methods are conspicuous.

When at least a material (or its diluent) enters in the container 4 fully, cut off the connection between container and the auxiliary feed basin, recover the connection between the container and the external world simultaneously.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 7, auxiliary feed basin is connected to the container 4 that carries out each processing step.

Preferably, auxiliary feed basin can be connected to

container

4a, 4b, 4c, the 4d of Fig. 5 a and 6 different structures and be connected to

container

4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, the 4f shown in Fig. 5 b, and the material that they are adorned uses with the method that is similar to firm description.

Fig. 8 relates to a kind of functional structure characteristic of container 4.In detail, a bottom and its middle part 601 pipelines that link to each other 600 with container 4 is arranged.More precisely, this middle part is just below the free surface 602 of liquid in container solution 5.

There is a pump to be installed on the pipeline, and, from container 4, extracts fluid solution out, liquor is delivered to the bottom again at 601 places with control unit 14 operations.So just impel the continuous remix of liquid substance, thereby prevented the sedimentation of solid matter.Just said these content makes liquid substance in all parts very uniform result be arranged all.

This functional structure characteristic can be used for each

container

4a, 4b, 4c, the 4d of the embodiment of Fig. 5 a and 6, and each container 4a, the 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, the 4f that can be used for the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 b.

With reference to figure 9a, 9b, numbering 500 expression vapor recovery unit.Preferably, more recovery unit is housed, for example its number equals the number of steps of the method for carrying out at least in container 4.Fig. 9 a, 9b only represent that is reclaimed a unit, because other recovery unit can be operated by identical mode fully.

This recovery unit comprises the motorized valve 404 that is installed in the pipeline 450, and pipeline 450 links to each other evacuating equipment 11 with internal tank.Tell two pipelines 460,470 from pipeline 450, promptly first pipeline and second pipeline are separately installed with electric three-way valve 401 and two logical motorized valves 402 on it.These pipelines pass the closing cap of condensing container 400, and below lid, a dividing plate of tiltedly putting 480 is arranged at the top of container.The opening of first pipe 460 is in the below of inclined clapboard, and the opening of second pipe 470 is above dividing plate.This container bottom links to each other with the bottom of container 4 by the pipeline 490 that motorized valve 403 is arranged.The motorized valve of just having mentioned 401,402,403,404 is all used control unit 14 operations.

Under the operational condition shown in Fig. 9 a, the logistics H that uses evacuating equipment 11 sucking-off from container 4 is by container 400.This logistics is formed by air (sending into container by splashing device 9) and the steam mixture that formed by liquor 5 basically.This mixture expands in container, turns cold, and makes more vapor condensation.The liquid that so obtains is collected in the bottom of container, and its liquid level raises gradually.When reaching a certain liquid level, transmitter 405 detects, and passes the signal to control unit 14, and this control unit is determined the operational condition of Fig. 9 b by the operation said electric valve.

Under this condition, container 400 is bypass, because valve 404 is opened, valve 401 makes internal tank communicate with the external world simultaneously, and second pipeline, 470 usefulness shut-off valves 402 cut off.

Because container 4 is under the negative pressure, liquid flow K flows to container 4 by container.Minimum level in the transmitter (not shown) detection receptacle 500 that is fit to.Thereby control unit changes the operational condition of unit 500, recovers the condition of Fig. 9 a.

Just said is a kind of very favourable characteristic, because with the liquid of the recyclable most of vaporization of this method, and can not bring evacuating equipment 11 into.

Dividing plate 480 forms a marker space between air-vapour mixture intake zone (first pipeline 460) and air depression (second pipeline 470), consequently deliver to the quantity of steam of evacuating equipment in any case and all can ignore.

Owing to use different liquor 5 (being used for above-mentioned different processing step), relevant recovery unit 500 also is equipped with the gas collector 410 that communicates with all recovery unit, the one side links to each other with container top, and opposite side links to each other with container bottom by relevant pipeline 490a.For each

container

4a, 4b, 4c, 4d (being shown in Fig. 5 a and 6) and 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f (being shown in Fig. 5 b's), a recovery unit 500 of just having described can be arranged all.

According to a significant work-around solution of described method, can further improve and improve by ultrasonication liquor the advantageous results that the compound action of leather obtains by negative pressure and turbulent motion.The suitable sonar utmost point (sonotrode) (not shown) of this available known type carries out, and it links to each other with container, and controls with control unit 14.

Should be appreciated that the non-limiting example that above-mentioned conduct is simple, so the possible functional availability scheme of described processing step is still in the protection domain of the desired invention of attached claims.

With reference to each equipment that constitutes described equipment, can consider similarly to observe, wherein surveying instrument can be used for measuring each container of each step or the import and export flow of feed basin.

Claims

1. a method of handling leather etc. is characterized in that it comprises: unfolded leather sheet to be processed (1) is installed in the container (4) at each interval; With predetermined pitch time liquor is sent into described container (4) in order,, after each step is finished described liquor is discharged from container so that carry out each step that leather tanning is handled; Make described internal tank in each single step process, keep negative pressure at least; In each step, between liquor and described leather sheet, produce relative movement, so that strengthen of the effect of described liquor to described leather sheet.

2. a method of handling leather etc. is characterized in that it comprises: unfolded leather sheet to be processed (1) is installed in first container (4a) at each interval; Liquor is sent into described container (4a), so that carry out the leather tanning treatment step; In carrying out described step process, make the inside of described container keep negative pressure; In described step, make between liquor and the described leather sheet and produce relative movement, so that strengthen of the effect of described liquor to described leather sheet; The described liquor of discharging from described first container; From first container, take out described leather sheet; In another container, repeat above-mentioned operation, so that carry out other steps that leather tanning is handled.

3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, before the liquor that is used for corresponding leather treatment step is sent into wherein, make internal tank produce negative pressure.

4. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that before corresponding liquid solution was sent into container, the inside that will carry out each described container of leather treatment step produced negative pressure.

5. according to the method for claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that it comprises: first kind of liquor of the described leather that will be used for soaking is sent into described container (4); In described immersion step, make described liquor turbulent flow; Give off described solution from container; Second kind of liquor that will be used for described leather liming is sent into described container (4); In described liming step, make described liquor turbulent flow; From this container, give off described solution; The third liquor that will be used for described leather pickling is sent into described container (4); In described pickling step, make described liquor turbulent flow; Give off described solution from container; The 4th kind of liquor that will be used for tanning simultaneously and the described leather of dyeing is sent into described container (4); In described tanning and staining procedure, make the plain stream of described liquor; Give off described solution from container; At last, take out the unfolded leather sheet from container.

6. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterized in that, between the described first, second, third and the 4th liquor, when at least a liquor being sent into described first container, also a kind of material pure or dilution is sent into simultaneously, be intended to and relevant liquor co-operate, so that carry out the corresponding steps of same procedure.

7. according to the method for claim 2 or 4, it is characterized in that it comprises: first kind of liquor of the described leather that will be used to soak is sent into described first container (4a); In described immersion step, make described liquor turbulent flow; From first container, give off described solution; From first container (4a), take out leather sheet; Described unfolded leather sheet is put into second container (4b) with the method for each interval, and this container is closed; Second kind of liquor that will be used for the described leather of liming is sent into described second container (4b); In the liming step, make to keep negative pressure in described second container; In described liming step, make described liquor turbulent flow; From second container, give off described solution; From second container (4b), take out leather sheet; The mode of described unfolded leather sheet with each interval is placed in the 3rd container (4c), and this container is closed; The third liquor that will be used for the described leather of pickling is put into described the 3rd container (4c), and this container is closed; In the pickling step, make to keep negative pressure in described the 3rd container; In described pickling step, make described liquor turbulent flow; From the 3rd container, give off described solution; From the 3rd container (4c), take out leather sheet; Described unfolded leather sheet is put into the 4th container (4d) in the mode of each interval, and this container is closed; The 4th kind of liquor that will be used for carrying out tanning at least simultaneously and dyeing described leather is sent into described the 4th container (4d); In tanning and staining procedure, make to keep negative pressure in described the 4th container; In described tanning and staining procedure, make described liquor turbulent flow; From the 4th container, give off described the 4th kind of solution; Therefrom take out leather sheet.

8. according to the method for claim 7, it is characterized in that, when described related fluid liquid solution being sent at least a described first, second, third and the 4th container, send into to a kind of material pure or dilution of major general, be intended to and relevant liquor co-operate, so that carry out the corresponding steps of same procedure.

9. according to the method for claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that it comprises: first kind of liquor of the described leather that will be used for soaking is sent into described container (4); In the immersion step, make described liquor turbulent flow; Give off described solution from container; Second kind of liquor that will be used for the liming leather is sent into described container; In described liming step, make described liquor turbulent flow; Give off described solution from container; The third liquor that will be used for the described leather of pickling is sent into described container (4); In described pickling step, make described liquor turbulent flow; Give off described solution from container; The 4th kind of liquor that will be used for the described leather of pre-tanning is sent into described container (4); In described pre-tanning step, make described liquor turbulent flow; Give off described solution from container; The 5th kind of liquor that will be used for the described leather of tanning is sent into described container (4); In described tanning step, make described liquor turbulent flow; Give off described solution from container; The 6th kind of liquor of the described leather that is used at least to dye is sent into described container (4); In described staining procedure, make described the 6th kind of liquor turbulent flow; Give off described solution from container; At last, the unfolded leather sheet is taken out from container.

10. according to the method for claim 9, it is characterized in that, between described the first, second, third, fourth, the 5th and the 6th liquor, when at least a liquor being sent into described first container, simultaneously at least a material pure or dilution is sent into, be intended to and relevant liquor co-operate, so that carry out at least one correlation step of same procedure.

11. the method according to claim 2 or 4 is characterized in that, it comprises: first kind of liquor of the described leather that will be used to soak is sent into described first container (4a); In described immersion step, make described liquor turbulent flow; From first container, give off described solution; From first container (4a), take out leather sheet; Described unfolded leather sheet is sent into second container (4b) in the mode of each interval, and this container is closed; Second kind of liquor that will be used for the described leather of liming is sent into described second container (4b); In the liming step, make to keep negative pressure in described second container; In described liming step, make described second kind of liquor turbulent flow; From second kind of container, give off described second kind of liquor; From second container (4b), take out leather sheet; Described unfolded leather sheet is put into the 3rd container (4c) in the mode of each interval, and this container is closed; The third liquor that will be used for the described leather of pickling is sent into described the 3rd container (4c); In the pickling step, make to keep negative pressure in described the 3rd container; In described pickling step, make described liquor turbulent flow; From the 3rd container, give off described solution; From the 3rd container (4c), take out leather sheet; Described unfolded leather sheet is put into the 4th container (4d) in the mode of each interval, and this container is closed; The 4th kind of liquor that will be used for the described leather of pre-tanning is sent into described the 4th container (4d); In pre-tanning step, make to keep negative pressure in described the 4th container; In described pre-tanning step, make described the 4th kind of liquor turbulent flow; From the 4th container, give off the 4th kind of solution; From the 4th container (4d), take out leather sheet; Described unfolded leather sheet is put into the 5th container (4e) in the mode of each interval, and this container is closed; The 5th kind of liquor that will be used for the described leather of tanning is sent into described the 5th container (4e); In the tanning step, make to keep negative pressure in described the 5th container; In described tanning step, make described the 5th kind of liquor turbulent flow; From the 5th container, give off described the 5th solution; From the 5th container (4e), take out leather sheet; Described unfolded leather sheet is put into the 6th container (4f) in the mode of each interval, and this container is closed; The 6th kind of liquor of described leather of will being used for dyeing is sent into described the 6th container (4e); In described staining procedure, make to keep negative pressure in described the 6th container; In described staining procedure, make described the 6th kind of liquor turbulent flow; From the 6th container, give off described solution; Therefrom take out leather sheet.

12. method according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, when described related fluid liquid solution is sent in described the first, second, third, fourth, the 5th and the 6th container at least one, at least a material pure or dilution is sent into, be intended to and relevant liquor co-operate, so that carry out the corresponding steps of same procedure.

13. the method according to claim 5 or 9 is characterized in that, before end of liming step and pickling processing, leather washing intermediate steps is arranged.

14. the method according to claim 5 or 9 is characterized in that, before end of immersion step and liming step, a leather washing step is arranged.

15. the method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, after pre-tanning step and before the tanning step, leather washing intermediate steps is arranged.

16. the method according to claim 7 or 11 is characterized in that, after the immersion step, a leather washing intermediate steps of carrying out in described first container (4a) is arranged.

17. the method according to claim 7 or 11 is characterized in that, after the liming step, a leather washing intermediate steps of carrying out in described second container (4b) is arranged.

18. the method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, pre-tanning step after scouring leather.

19. the method according to claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, obtains relative movement between liquor and the described leather sheet in order to following method: make container keep motionless, and airflow is spurted in the described liquor.

20. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, obtain relative movement between liquor and the described leather sheet in order to following method: container is remained unchanged, its bottom is linked to each other with the external world, therefore produce airflow, airflow is by described liquor.

21. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, obtain relative movement between liquor and the described leather sheet in order to following method: described liquor is extracted at the liquid level place of liquid level 602 continuously out from described container 4 near container, and once more it is sent in the bottom of described container.

22. each method is characterized in that in requiring according to aforesaid right, and described leather sheet is launched on open type support unit separately.

23. the method according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described leather sheet is vertically installed.

24. the method according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described leather sheet level is installed.

25. the method according to claim 22 is characterized in that, described leather sheet and vertical plane are tilted to install.

26. the method according to claim 7 or 11 is characterized in that, after the immersion step is finished, leather sheet is taken out from the container of the step of soaking, and send into the additional reservoir 114a that is used to wash.

27. the method according to claim 7 or 11 is characterized in that: after the liming step is finished, leather sheet is taken out from the container that carries out the liming step, and put into the additional reservoir 114b that is used for washing.

28. the method according to claim 11 is characterized in that, after pre-tanning step is finished, leather sheet is taken out from the container that carries out pre-tanning step, and put into the additional reservoir that is used for washing.

29. the method according to claim 1 or 3 or 5 or 9 is characterized in that, in each treatment step, carries out the related fluid liquid solution of each step with ultrasonication.

30. the method according to claim 2 or 4 or 7 or 11 is characterized in that, in each treatment step, carries out the related fluid liquid solution of each step with ultrasonication.

31. carry out the equipment that leather etc. is handled, it is characterized in that it comprises: the container of sealing (4); Many supports, they can be put into described container neutralization and therefrom take out, and launch leather sheet (1) accordingly and fix on this support, and these supports are placed in the described container by this way, to cause described leather sheet each interval; The first serial basin (12) of the predetermined liquid solution that is used for corresponding leather treatment step is housed; With switching device and the operating device (14,16,18) that each described basin links to each other with container, send into wherein so that will be used for the related fluid liquid solution of corresponding leather treatment step; Make described internal tank in carrying out the leather treatment step, keep the evacuating equipment (11) of negative pressure at least; Make the equipment that produces relative movement between liquor and the described leather sheet, so that strengthen of the effect of described liquor to leather.

32. equipment according to claim 31, it is characterized in that, it comprises the basin (23) of the second series that links to each other with container by switching device and operating device (14,21,25), so that the liquor that gives off from described container after being received in corresponding steps and finishing.

33. equipment according to claim 31, it is characterized in that, it comprises a series of auxiliary tank (300a, 300b, 300c, 300d) that link to each other with container by switching device and operating device, so that a kind of material pure or dilution is sent into described container, described material and corresponding liquid material one are used from and carry out at least one leather processing step.

34. carry out the equipment that leather etc. is handled, it is characterized in that it comprises the container (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) of many sealings, predetermined leather treatment step carries out in these containers; Many supports (2), they can be put into described container and therefrom take out, and it is fixing on this support to carry out leather sheet (1) accordingly, and these supports are put into described container by this way, keep at interval to cause leather sheet; The first serial basin (12) of the predetermined liquid solution that is used for corresponding leather treatment step is housed; Switching device and operating device that each described basin is continuous with relevant container are sent into wherein so that will be used for the related fluid liquid solution of corresponding leather treatment step; Each described internal tank is correlated with at least therein keeps the evacuating equipment (11) of negative pressure in the leather treatment step process; In each described container, between corresponding liquid solution and described leather sheet, produce the equipment of relative movement, so that strengthen of the effect of described liquor to leather.

35. the equipment according to claim 26 is characterized in that, the second series basin links to each other with cell therefor with operating device by switching device, so as after to be received in corresponding steps and to finish from the liquor of described vessel discharge outlet.

36. equipment according to claim 34, it is characterized in that, for each container (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d), it comprises the relevant auxiliary feed basin that links to each other with cell therefor by switching device and operating device, be used at least a material pure or dilution is sent into described associated vessel, so that carry out relevant leather processing step together with the liquor of sending into container.

37. equipment according to claim 31, it is characterized in that, described container (4) keeps equipment motionless and generation relative movement between liquor and leather sheet to comprise injector (10), and it is sent into air jet stream in the liquor that is contained in the container.

38. equipment according to claim 34, it is characterized in that, the equipment that each described container is kept producing relative movement between motionless and liquor in each container and the leather sheet comprises injector (10), and it sends air jet stream into liquor.

39. equipment according to claim 31, it is characterized in that at least a being used for significantly reduces and/or be connected with the basin (111a, 111b) of the volatile compound that produces in the pipeline (110) of described evacuating equipment (11) and container (4) in the leather treating processes.

40. equipment according to claim 34, it is characterized in that at least a being used for significantly reduces and/or be connected with the basin (111a, 111b) of the volatile compound that produces in the pipeline (110) of described evacuating equipment (11) and described container in the leather treating processes.

41. equipment according to claim 31, it is characterized in that, it also comprises other basins (30), they link to each other with described container with operating device by switching device, so that after corresponding step is finished, send into the suitable liquor that is used to wash leather, and give off suitable liquor subsequently from container.

42. equipment according to claim 34, it is characterized in that, it comprises other basins (30), each basin can link to each other with cell therefor with operating device by switching device, so that after corresponding step is finished, send into the suitable liquor that is used to wash leather, and give off suitable liquor subsequently from container.

43. equipment according to claim 34, it is characterized in that, it comprises additional reservoir (114), each additional reservoir can link to each other with the corresponding basin that predetermined liquid solution is housed with operating device by switching device, described solution can be introduced and be given off from described additional reservoir subsequently, sends into wherein leather sheet so that finish the treatment step after scouring in corresponding container.

44. equipment according to claim 31, it is characterized in that, it comprises the pipeline (600) that the bottom with described container (4) communicates with the middle part (601) of same containers, described middle part (601) is just below the free surface (602) of liquid in container solution (5), described pipeline has pumping unit (603), is used for described liquor is transported to continuously from described middle part (601) the described bottom of described container.

45. equipment according to claim 34, it is characterized in that, for each container (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d), it comprises the pipeline (600) that the bottom that makes described container (4) communicates with the middle part of same containers, just in the below of the free surface (602) of liquid in container solution (5), described pipeline has pumping unit (603), is used for described liquor is transported to continuously from described middle part (601) the described bottom of described container at described middle part (601).

46. the equipment according to claim 31 or 34 is characterized in that, for each container (4,4a, 4b, 4c, 4d), it comprises at least one vapor recovery unit (500), and this unit comprises the condensing container (400) of a sealing; First switching device (401,404,402) with control unit (14) operation is used for described container (400) is connected with pipeline (450), and pipeline (450) makes described container (400) communicate with described evacuating equipment (11); Be used to detect the sensing equipment (405) of the interior liquid level of described container (400), these sensing equipments and described first switching device of described control unit (14) co-operate and second switch equipment (403), so that cut off the path of described container (400) and described pipeline (450), container (400) inside is communicated with the external world, and container (400) is communicated with container (4), so that the liquid of condensation can be transferred to the container (4) from container (400).

47. equipment according to claim 46, it is characterized in that, one dividing plate (480) that tilts is arranged in container (400), the opening end of first pipeline (460) is below described dividing plate, be used for and will send into described container (500) from the air-vapor mixing logistics (H) of described container (4), the opening end of second pipeline (470) links to each other with described evacuating equipment (11).

48. the equipment according to claim 37 or 38 is characterized in that, described leather sheet is vertically installed.

49. the equipment according to claim 37 or 38 is characterized in that, described leather sheet level is installed.

50. the equipment according to claim 37 or 38 is characterized in that, described leather sheet is tilted to install by any way.

51. the equipment according to claim 31 or 37 or 30 or 32 is characterized in that, it comprises the sonotrode that links to each other with container (4), is used for handling every kind of liquor with ultrasonic beam.

52. the equipment according to claim 34 or 38 or 40 is characterized in that it comprises some sonotrode, each container is connected with one, is used for handling every kind of liquor with ultrasonic beam.