CN1219116A - 假腿用弹簧装置 - Google Patents

假腿用弹簧装置 Download PDF

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CN1219116A
CN1219116A CN98800243A CN98800243A CN1219116A CN 1219116 A CN1219116 A CN 1219116A CN 98800243 A CN98800243 A CN 98800243A CN 98800243 A CN98800243 A CN 98800243A CN 1219116 A CN1219116 A CN 1219116A
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spring assembly
mentioned
sleeve
inner sleeve
outer sleeve
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卢茨·比德曼
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Biedermann Motech GmbH and Co KG
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Biedermann Motech GmbH and Co KG
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
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  • Cardiology (AREA)
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  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
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Abstract

提供了一种假腿用弹簧装置,它具有一个管状壳体,该壳体由一个外套筒(5)和一个内套筒(6)构成,外套筒(5)在其一端具有一个底(7),而在其另一端是开口的,内套筒(6)在外套筒内可沿轴向往复滑动。在两个套筒之间在内部设有一个压力弹簧(12)。两个套筒可在一伸展位置和一压缩位置之间往复运动。上述压力弹簧(12)选择为,使它在上述伸展位置时具有一预定的预应力。

Description

假腿用弹簧装置
本发明涉及一种用于假腿的弹簧装置。
在利用假腿行走时，在迈每一步时均会在髋部及骶骨部上产生明显的冲击。作为这种冲击的阻尼装置，已知在两个与残肢和足相连的部分中设一个阻尼装置。这种阻尼装置包括两个相互配合、可沿轴向相对运动的套筒，和一个设在两个套筒内的塑料制的压缩环，该压缩环在正常状态时松弛，在迈步时压缩并吸收冲击。在卸载后它又复位。
由DE29516455U1及DE9112005U1已知一种用于假肢的弹簧。
本发明的目的是，提供一种弹簧装置，利用它更好地支承病人的行走运动，并可以针对病人进行个别调节或适配。
这一目的是通过权利要求1中所述的弹簧装置实现的。该弹簧装置实现了：不仅在脚后跟着地时产生阻尼，而且在脚尖离地时产生用于复位的力。此外，该装置还可以低成本地制造并由此适于广泛地应用。
本发明的进一步发展在从属权利要求中给出。通过下面结合附图对实施例的描述可知本发明的其他特征及合乎目的之处。附图中：
图1带有弹簧装置的假腿的侧视图；
图2通过弹簧装置第一实施形式的剖视图；
图3剖视图；
图4两个实施形式的侧视图；
图5对应于图2中表示的一个视图；
图6对应于图3中表示的一个视图。
如图1所示，假腿包括一个足部件1和一个接纳示意表示的小腿或大腿的连接件2以及一个将上述两部件相互连接的管状部分3。
在本发明的这一实施形式中，将管状部分3设计成一个弹簧装置。它具有一个管状壳体4。该壳体由一个外套筒5和一个部分***此外套筒5中的内套筒6构成。外套筒5的内侧设计成圆筒形。它在其一个端部上具有一个底7，而在其与底7相对的另一端将它设计成开口的。内套筒6在其朝向外套筒底7的自由端8是开口的，并在与自由端相距一预定距离处具有一个中间底9。内套筒6的与自由端8相对的第二端10设计成，使其可以按通常的方式与足部件1上的一个耦合件11相连接。在底7与中间底9之间设置一个压力弹簧12。内套筒6在其与外套筒5的内部形状有关的外表面同样设计成圆筒形，以使内套筒的预定的一部分可以***外套筒的内部并可在外套筒中沿轴向往复运动。
由图2和4清楚可见，外套筒5具有一个沿轴向以一预定长度延伸的狭槽13。内套筒6具有一个设计成槽舌(Nutstein)的键14，它借助螺钉15固定，螺钉15在中间底的区域沿径向拧入内套筒中。狭槽13的长度和键14的轴向延伸长度选择为，使两个套筒可在图2和4所示的键接触狭槽的下边缘16时的伸展位置与一键接触狭槽的上边缘17时的压缩位置之间往复运动。中间底9距离自由端8的距离选择为，使上述设在底7与中间底9之间压力弹簧12在图2所示伸展位置时具有一预定的预应力。
如图2所示，外套筒在其与底7相对的自由端附近具有一个环带状的滑动导向装置18。此外，外套筒5在一个在伸展位置时靠近内套筒6自由端8且与之邻接的位置处具有相应的第二个环带状滑动导向装置19。滑动导向装置18、19各自由聚四氟乙烯或由具有可比特性的材料制成。在外套筒5的自由端上还设有一个环形密封圈20，它用于防止灰尘等进入弹簧装置中。
通过设有两个滑动导向装置18、19，避免了在弹性收缩和弹性伸展时在已知的阻尼件情况下观察到的粘移现象(Stick-Shift-Phaenomen)。
示于图2和4中的弹簧装置以其第二端10与足部件1相连，并通过其与这一端相对的凸缘21与残肢连接件2相连。在使用过程中，踩地时通过弹簧12产生阻尼。通过弹簧预应力还实现了：不仅产生了阻尼，而且弹簧力促使弹簧件复位至伸展位置。键14在狭槽13中的导引使得，足与残肢间的任何转动得以避免。第一与第二套筒的相互滑动避免了倾摆运动。由此，利用一种结构简单的弹簧装置使假腿的使用明显更为舒适。
图3中所示的弹簧装置的变更实施形式不同于前述实施形式仅在于：除了压力弹簧12外，还设有一个阻尼件22。弹簧装置的所有其他特征与前述实施形式一致。
阻尼件22被设计为一个圆柱体，其长度等于在图3所示伸展状态时底7朝向中间底9的表面与中间底9朝向底7的表面之间的距离。圆柱体的直径设计为，使它基本上与压力弹簧12的内径相等，并由此被导引于压力弹簧内部。阻尼件22优选用聚氨酯或一种具有可比阻尼特性的材料制成。
在使用中，阻尼件22有助于迈步阻尼，而弹簧12则以前述方式不仅有助于阻尼，而且有助于弹簧件复位至所示的伸展位置。此外，阻尼件和弹簧件的结合允许将弹簧特性曲线选择为与假腿穿戴者的步行所需相适应。
图5中所示的实施形式首先具有图2所示实施形式的所有特征。此外，为了获得弹簧12的预应力，还设有一个调节螺栓23。它与两个套筒5、6同轴。调节螺栓利用其头部24和一个垫圈25靠在中间底9的外侧上，并穿过一个利用一密封装置26密封的孔。其自由端穿过底7上的一个同样同轴的孔并与一个位于底7外侧上的螺母27连接。
图6中所示的实施形式首先具有图3中所示实施形式的所有特征。此外，设有一个调节螺栓23，它与图5所示具有头部和螺母的实施形式在所有细节方面一致，且穿过阻尼件22上的一个同心孔。
在使用中，弹簧12或12及22的预应力利用调节螺栓23按病人的体重和活动程度进行调节。

Claims (9)

1．一种假腿用弹簧装置，它具有：
一个管状壳体，该壳体由一个外套筒(5)和一个内套筒(6)构成，外套筒(5)在其一端具有一个底(7)，而在其另一端是开口的，内套筒(6)的外形尺寸至少有一段确定为，使内套筒(6)和外套筒(5)沿轴向可相对滑动，并使内套筒(6)至少一部分位于外套筒(5)的内部，内套筒(6)在其朝向底(7)的自由端(8)是开口的，并在与自由端(8)相距一段距离处具有一个用于一压力弹簧的支座(9)；以及
一个位于底(7)和支座(9)之间处于受预应力状态的压力弹簧(12)，
其中，外套筒(5)在有底一侧的端部(7)和内套筒(5)在其远离自由端(8)的端部分别具有用于与一残肢连接件(2)或与足部件(11,1)相连的单元(10,21)。
2．如权利要求1所述的弹簧装置，其特征在于：两个套筒(5,6)这样相互导引，即，避免沿转动方向的运动。
3．如权利要求2所述的弹簧装置，其特征在于：上述套筒之一(5)具有一个沿轴向延伸的狭槽(13)，而另一个套筒(6)具有一个***上述狭槽(13)中的导向件(14)。
4．如权利要求1至3之一所述的弹簧装置，其特征在于：上述两个套筒(5,6)在其各自的自由端区域具有导向或滑动件(18,19)。
5．如权利要求4所述的弹簧装置，其特征在于：至少上述滑动件(18,19)之一设计成环状导向带。
6．如权利要求1至5之一所述的弹簧装置，其特征在于：设有一个止挡(16,17)，用于将两个套筒(5,6)的相对运动限定于一个第一位置和一个第二位置之间。
7．如权利要求3至6之一所述的弹簧装置，其特征在于：上述狭槽(13)的长度及上述导向件(14)的尺寸设计成，使止挡(16,17)分别对应于上述第一位置和第二位置。
8．如权利要求1至7之一所述的弹簧装置，其特征在于：设有一个设调节件(23)，用于产生和调节预应力。
9．如权利要求8所述的弹簧装置，其特征在于：上述调节件设计成一个调节螺栓(23)。
CN98800243A 1997-03-05 1998-03-04 假腿用弹簧装置 Pending CN1219116A (zh)

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KR20000065189A (ko) 2000-11-06
NO985161L (no) 1998-12-04
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ATE193434T1 (de) 2000-06-15
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