CN1217821A - 用于便携式除颤器的键控自锁电池组 - Google Patents

用于便携式除颤器的键控自锁电池组 Download PDF

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CN1217821A
CN1217821A CN97194413A CN97194413A CN1217821A CN 1217821 A CN1217821 A CN 1217821A CN 97194413 A CN97194413 A CN 97194413A CN 97194413 A CN97194413 A CN 97194413A CN 1217821 A CN1217821 A CN 1217821A
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battery pack
battery
defibrillator
latch member
breech lock
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CN1178311C (zh
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斯蒂芬·T·文森特
肖恩·R·伯塔诺莱
理查德·J·卡丁
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Physio Control Inc
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61NELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/38Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for producing shock effects
    • A61N1/39Heart defibrillators
    • A61N1/3904External heart defibrillators [EHD]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61NELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/38Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for producing shock effects
    • A61N1/39Heart defibrillators
    • A61N1/3975Power supply
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/202Casings or frames around the primary casing of a single cell or a single battery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00681Aspects not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2017/00734Aspects not otherwise provided for battery operated
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/10The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
    • H02J2310/20The network being internal to a load
    • H02J2310/23The load being a medical device, a medical implant, or a life supporting device
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

一种便携式除颤器(20)用电池组(28)。该电池组有一在扩展位置处受到偏置的闩锁(34)。当电池组***除颤器电池槽(30)中时,该闩锁自动锁入槽(124)中,以将电池组固定在电池组槽中。在电池槽底板(108)上设置有脊(112),以减小电池组与电池槽底板间的摩擦。电池组顶部(36)周边还设有脊(38),以减小其与电池槽顶部间的摩擦。电池组右侧壁(44)倾斜,以致其断面为梯形。该不对称断面可防止电池组不正确***电池槽中。

Description

用于便携式除颤器的键控自锁电池组
发明领域
本发明一般涉及便携式除颤器的电源,尤其涉及便携式除颤器的电池组
发明背景
心脏病的存活率取决于为发生心脏病病人提供适当医学治疗的速度。为减少对发生心脏病病人的响应时间,人们已经认识到,对那些一般是第一个到达急症发生地的人,包括急救医学专家(EMTs)、消防队员、警察甚至公众(下文统称“第一响应人”)来说,应配备便携式除颤器。一个配备有便携式除颤器的第一响应人将比那些迟些抵达该地点的人更有可能成功地救治病人。因此,为第一响应人使用而设计的除颤器会提高救治心脏病病人的总体成功率。
但是,和与医学有关的人员或其它经过培训的医务人员不同,第一响应人一般并未接受过处理急症的彻底培训。由于第一响应人群专业水平低,所以配备给第一响应人的便携式除颤器应尽可能地简单且对用户顺利。降低便携式除颤器的复杂性可确保甚至在极紧急的情况下,第一响应人也能将除颤器接至病人身上,进行适当治疗。
所有除颤器必须包括或接至电源,用以产生除纤颤脉冲,将该除纤颤脉冲施加到病人身上。为确保真正的便携性,大多数便携式除颤器装有一电池组,它足以使便携式除颤器工作一段时间。该电池组可以是可再充电式的,也可以是不可再充电式的,这取决于用户的喜好和该除颤器的使用场合。可再充电式电池组一般比不可再充电式电池组向除颤器的供电时间短,但可得以再充电和再利用。相反,不可再充电式电池组使除颤器能工作较长一段时间,但当该电池组的电用完时,需要更换新电池组。
便携式除颤器在没有电池组或其电池组的电用完时不能作为医疗仪器使用。因此,对第一响应人来说,应易于拆除和更换电池组以确保除颤器总是可用的。在多数情况下,更换电池组一般在非紧急情况下于正常调试除颤器过程中进行。但是,偶尔第一响应人可能不得不在紧急的情况下更换电池组。例如,除颤器以前的使用者可能将一电能已用完的电池组留在了该仪器中,这一点直到要对病人实施治疗时才发现。另一方面,当电池组的电快用完时,还要使用除颤器,这要求第一响应人能在继续治疗之前更换电池组。为了加速更换电池组,因此最理想的应是使更换过程尽可能简单而直观。
遗憾地是,便携式除颤器中许多现有技术电池组的更换并不很简单易做。例如,将电池组***便携式除颤器中的正确取向常不便于从电池组的形状看出。另外,将电池组接至除颤器的连接方法常需使电池组中的导电接头与除颤器中的插座准确对准。若在将电池组***除颤器中时插脚并未对准,则用户有弯折和/或折断插脚的危险。此外,现有技术电池组常不易锁入除颤器。若没有可靠而简单的闩锁机构来将电池组固定到便携式除颤器上,则用户不得不在安装电池组时非常小心,以确保将它适当地安装到该仪器上。现有技术电池组的以上所有缺点结合在一起,难以进行对便携式除颤器中电池组的更换,使得通常需要用户在进行更换时使用双手。
本发明旨在克服上述及其它缺点。具体地说,本发明旨在设计一种改进的电池组,它可通过第一响应人易于***便携式除颤器中。
发明概述
本发明公开了一种便携式除颤器的键控自锁电池组。该电池组有几个特征,这些特征简化了将电池组***便携式除颤器的动作过程。根据本发明的一个方面,将电池组外壳的形状制成能防止将电池组向后***或上下颠倒***除颤器内部的电池槽中。优选使电池组的一侧关于相对一侧倾斜一角度,以使电池组的断面为梯形。以这样一种方式键控电池组可保证将电池组适当***便携式除颤器中。
根据本发明的另一方面,在电池组上设置一自锁闩锁。该自锁闩锁有一斜角引导面,从而在将电池组***除颤器中时,该闩锁自动移至一缩回位置。当电池组完全***除颤器中且闩锁处于与相应槽邻近的位置处时,闩锁内部的偏置机构将闩锁偏置入一扩展位置。在该扩展位置处,一部分闩锁伸入该相应槽中,保证了电池组不会例如在除颤器掉落时偶然与除颤器分开。拆除电池组需要用手将闩锁移至缩回位置,以便将闩锁从槽中收回,使电池组从电池槽中抽出。
根据本发明的又一方面,在电池组的表面上和电池槽内部形成减摩擦脊。这些脊从电池组的表面突出,还从电池槽的侧壁突出。当电池组***除颤器中时,电池组在脊上滑动,而不是在电池槽光滑的内壁上滑动。这些脊可防止电池组因偶然积聚于电池槽内的灰尘、碎屑、或液体而卡在除颤器内。
根据本发明的再一方面,在电池槽内部构制导轨,以确保在将电池组***除颤器中时正确对准电池组。因此,电池组内的导电接头在电池组***除颤器中时与除颤器中相应的导电插座自动对准。由于电池组自动对准,所以用户不必担心在将电池组***除颤器中时电池组上插脚的损坏或折断。
根据本发明的还一方面,电池组内的导电接头位于电池组外壳的后壁,与电池组前壁的闩锁相对。在电池组的相对端部设置导电接头和闩锁,使用户在安装电池组时无意中与导电接头相碰的机会最小。将导电接头设在电池组上还决定了将除颤器中相应的导电插座设置在电池槽的后壁上。因此,还防止了用户与除颤器中的导电插座相碰。
根据本发明公开的电池组结构,有几个优点。该键控***确保了在将电池组***便携式除颤器中时对电池组正确取向。导轨和减摩擦脊确保了平稳准确地***电池。一旦***电池组,自锁机构就确保电池组不会偶然与便携式除颤器分开。因此,一个相对来说未经培训的第一响应人可易于更换除颤器电池组,影响最小且无需彻底培训。本发明公开的电池组结构可简化除颤器的操作,使这种除颤器适用于更多的用户人群。
附图简述
参照以下详细描述,同时结合附图,本发明上述方面及其许多优点将变得更易于理解和更好地理解。其中:
图1是根据本发明构成的便携式除颤器和电池组的透视图;
图2是表示电池组前部具有闩锁的电池组透视图;
图3是表示具有一对导电接头的电池组透视图,该对导电接头位于电池组后部,用来将电池组电连接到便携式除颤器上。
图4是表示从电池组底部伸出的闩锁一部分的电池组主视图;
图5是如从电池组底部看电池组的分解透视图;
图6是用来接受电池组的电池槽透视图,以部分剖视图表示出除颤器;以及
图7A-C是电池组与电池槽的剖视图,表示出闩锁的动作,用以将电池组固定在电池槽中。
优选实施例详述
图1表示便携式除颤器20,它由第一响应人在一急症发生期间使用。示于图1中的特定除颤器为LIFEPAK500,由Physio-Control Corporation of Redmond,Washinton生产和销售。为便于野外使用,除颤器20由一耐碰撞(impact-risistant)塑料外壳22构成,它有一固定手柄24,以使用户便于将该除颤器带至现场。当使用它时,优选将该除颤器放置得使该除颤器上控制面板26向上朝向用户。控制面板26含一简化的接口,它使用户能在将除颤器接至病人之后操作该除颤器。在该控制面板上设置有适当的键,以使用户能够打开和关闭除颤器,向除颤器发出指令以分析加至除颤器的病人心电图(ECG),以及使用户能在病人发生一休克性心律(shockable heart rhythm)时向病人施加一除纤颤脉冲。
该除颤器由一电池组28供电,该电池组28装在位于除颤器侧面上的电池槽30内部。如图2与3的正面与背面视图所示,通常将电池组28制成象一鞋盒形,它有前壁32、后壁60、顶部36、底部54和左右侧壁42、44。该电池组的前壁32由闩锁34构成,它跨在大部分前壁上。该闩锁由用户抓握,以将电池组从除颤器中拆下。如以下更详细所述,当将电池组***除颤器中时,该闩锁自动将电池组固定在电池槽中。形成该电池组的前壁32,以便在将电池组***除颤器中时,该除颤器的外壳22与电池组的前壁平齐。
电池组的顶部36由脊38构成,它从电池组的表面上突起,绕电池组的周边延伸。该脊38从电池组的后壁开始,经过左侧壁、前壁,伸至电池组的右侧壁。在将电池组***除颤器中时,该脊可防止电池组的项部与电池槽30中的壁直接接触。因此,该脊可防止电池组卡住或因存在碎屑或液体而与电池槽粘在一起。在电池组的顶部还形成有一下凹区40。该下凹区40可使一标签贴于电池组的顶部而不会突出在电池组周边的脊38之上。
电池组28的左侧壁42和右侧壁44每个都形成有内切拐角46,内切拐角沿各侧壁底部延伸,其长度为电池组的长度。如以下所述,在电池槽内构制有相应的导轨,它们适于固定在拐角46内。在将电池组***除颤器中时,导轨确保准确对准电池组。
为防止不正确地将电池组***除颤器中,电池组的左侧壁42并不与电池组的右侧壁44相平行。如图4的主视图所示,左侧壁42通常是竖直的,而右侧壁44斜至与竖直方向成α角。因此,穿过电池组所取的断面是梯形。由于电池槽的入口与该电池组的断面形状相同,所以不会把电池组不正确地***电池槽中。也就是说,不会使电池组顶部朝下、斜向或闩锁面向电池组内部而***。用一不对称断面键控电池组尤其利于用在第一响应人除颤器中,因为它能防止第一响应人不正确地将电池组***除颤器中。
仍如图4所示,图中示出一部分闩锁34的结构。将闩锁34模制成单独一个零件,它包括手柄48、主体50和闩锁构件52。闩锁构件52在处于一扩展位置时从电池组底部54的下面伸出。向上移动闩锁手柄48使得闩锁构件52相应向上移动,使其升至电池组底部之上达一收回(retracted)位置。如下所述,闩锁的移动使得电池组能固定于除颤器的电池槽中。
再见图3,电池组的后壁60上加工有两个插座62。每个插座62包括一接至电池组内部电池的导电接头64。一个导电接头优选接至电池组内部电池的正极端,另一导电接头接至电池组内部电池的负极端。把导电接头置于闩锁34对面的电池组后壁60上,这使用户于无意中与导电接头相接触的可能性最小。在电池组的后壁还形成有一孔66,它的尺寸适于接收一塑料插头68。以下将更详细地描述使用这种插头防止将一非再充电电池组接至一电池充电器的方法。
根据图5的分解图可更好地了解电池组的内部结构。如图5所示,电池组的外壳一般包括盖70和基座72。盖70和基座72优选由注模塑料制成,并通过超声波焊接接在一起。但是,本领域的技术人员可知,盖与基座可由其他材料制成,并可用各种技术接在一起。
将标签74贴在盖的顶部,该标签74含标明电池组类型、描述电池组的***和告知电池组的适当设置的一般信息。标签74上有一透明部分76,通过它可看到第二且更小的识别标签78。识别标签78包括每个电池组的唯一编号和日期代码。用识别标签78使得电池组可在制造过程中和在野外受到跟踪。在贴标签74之前先将识别标签78贴到盖70上。
电池组内有四个电池,它们逐一串联连接。选择每个电池的电压,以满足除颤器20的电能需求。根据用户的特殊要求和将要使用除颤器的环境选择电池的类型。在电池组的一个实施例中,电池84为不可再充电电池,优选为二氧化锂硫(LiSO2)电池(下文称作“锂电池”)。每个锂电池产生三伏电压,四个锂电池串联连接产生12伏电压。锂电池是不可再充电电池,但具有极高的能量通量。因此,锂电池组可保证除颤器20有延长的工作时间。但是,当锂电池的电量将近耗尽时,必须废弃整个电池组。
将电池84接至一保护电路,该电路设在电池组内部一电路板86上。导线(图中未示)从电池接至设在电路板86上的熔断器。第一熔断器是电流熔断器,若有足够的电流流过该熔断器,则它断开。来自电池的过电流可能由除颤器内部短路引起,或由电池组外部导电接头64间的短路引起。第二熔断器是热熔断器,它在电池组内部的温度达一预定阈值时断开。因此,该热熔断器会因电池组内部的某种电池故障或其他使电池组内部温度过高的环境条件而断开。导线(图中未示)从第二熔断器接至连接器88和导电接头64,导电接头64装在电池组盖70内的插座内部。因此,电流通过保护电路和连接器从电池流至除颤器。
若电池84为锂电池,则将几个额外的保护措施加入该电池组中。在盖70的上表面中形成气孔(vent hole)90。在出现电池故障的情况下,锂电池在故障期间偶尔会排气。为避免在电池组内部积聚气体,设置气孔90以使气体通过气孔排到电池组外部。虽然气孔90被标签74所覆盖,但是电池组内部的气压会使标签74从标签的边界处撕开,使得气体排到电池组的外部。但是,在标签74撕开之前,它使电池组保持防水。尽管优选在电池组的上盖中形成气孔90,但是可知,也可使气孔90位于电池组外壳的任意位置上。
当锂电池的电量将近耗尽而要放置电池组时,还希望将锂电池内的电荷完全漏光。为确保将锂电池内的电荷完全漏光,在位于电池组盖70中的槽94内安装短路插脚92。短路插脚72是一导电接头,在生产电池组时,该短路插脚72与电池组盖的上表面常保持平齐。为对电池组放电,在短路插脚92的顶部放置一螺丝刀,该螺丝刀的刀头与形成于盖表面中的槽94相平行。螺丝刀的削尖部分(sharp blow)使得短路插脚92沿一向下方向前行。当对电池组向下施力时,短路插脚92架在电路板86上保护电路内的两触点之间。两触点的架接把电池84与电路板86上一电阻连接起来,通过该电阻将电池内剩余能量卸放干净。那么,由于已对电池组进行了完全的放电,所以可将它安全地填埋在垃圾堆中。
在电池组的第二实施例中,电池84是一可再充电电池,优选为铅封酸(sealed lead acid)(SLA)电池。每个SLA电池产生两伏电压,四个SLA电池串联连接产生八伏电压。SLA电池的能量通量不如锂电池的能量通量高,因此SLA电池一般为除颤器20供能的时间更短。但是,SLA电池可再充电。因此,可将具有SLA电池的电池组定期接至一充电器,以便对该电池组再充电,使该电池组得以再利用。
为防止将一充电器接至锂电池组,在该优选实施例中,将插头68永久***锂电池组后壁上的孔66中。用来将电池充电器与电池组后壁上插座62相连的该电池充电器上的适配器(adapter)(图中未示)有三个脚(finger)。两个脚配合在插座62内部,在充电器与电池组内部的电池之间建立起一电连接。将第三脚的大小制成能配合到孔66内部。由于锂电池上的孔66中插有插头68,所以不可能将电池充电器适配器接至锂电池。在SLA电池组中不存在该插头,使得充电器能接至电池组,以对SLA电池再充电。
若电池84是SLA电池,则不必提供短路插脚72以泄放电池组中的剩余能量。但是,SLA电池组内部的保护电路还包括一电流熔断器,它在电池发生故障或短路的情况下断开。也可在一SLA电池组盖内设置气孔90,尽管SLA电池的排气量明显少于锂电池的排气量。
为防止电池84在电池组中移动,在电池***设有一泡沫带94。在盖70与基座72密封在一起时,该泡沫带压缩,将电池84牢牢固定在电池组内部。用盖70中的模制结构将电池组中所含的其他元件保持就位。闩锁34通过两个模制的臂97固定在盖与基座之间,两个模制的臂97在盖中限定两个槽96。该闩锁的主体50包括两个横向翼片51,它们从主体伸出,固定在槽96内部。当盖与基座密封在一起时,这些槽限制了闩锁34的运动,以致该闩锁只能在槽内向上和向下移动。
用来将闩锁偏置在一扩展位置的是闩锁与盖之间的一对圈簧100。圈簧100套过一对栓98,紧靠盖与闩锁手柄。在用圈簧向下偏置时,闩锁构件52穿过电池组基座72中的槽102。为提升闩锁,用户加力,将闩锁的手柄48向电池组的盖移动。若闩锁已向上提高,则闩锁构件52通过槽102抽出,以致它无法从电池组底部下面伸出。
参照图6和图7A-C,闩锁的操作将变得更易于理解。图6表示电池槽30内部,并以部分虚线图表示除颤器。电池槽的底板(floor)108由两个L形导轨110构成,它们沿电池槽的侧壁延伸,与电池组***除颤器时的必经之路相平行。将导轨110竖直部分的大小制成能配合在内切拐角46内部,内切拐角46构成于电池组的下部左侧壁与右侧壁。当最初将电池组导入电池槽中时,导轨准确地对准电池组。当进一步将电池组导入电池槽中时,导轨保证电池组剩余部分适当对准以便与除颤器相配合。
为减小电池组与电池槽底板之间的摩擦,在底板上设有三个脊112。这些脊一般是平行的,它们从电池槽的入口附近伸至电池槽的后壁。这些脊在电池组***电池槽中时支撑电池组。通过将电池组提升到电池底板的平面之上,这些脊可防止电池组因无意中积聚在电池槽底板上散开的碎屑或其他材料而卡住。如上所述,电池组的上表面由类似的脊构成,它们的长度为电池组的长度。电池组上表面上的脊可防止电池组的光滑上表面与电池槽的顶部相接触。
除在电池组***电池槽中时确保适当对准电池组之外,导轨110还起类似脊的作用,即,防止电池组的光滑侧壁与电池槽的内壁相接触。导轨110可使电池组保持处于电池槽的中央,并使电池组左侧壁和右侧壁与电池槽的内壁之间有一小间隙。可知,将导轨110和脊112加到电池槽中,与将脊38设在电池组上一样,都能大大提高将电池组***除颤器中和从除颤器中拆除电池组的易操作性。将电池组和除颤器设计成便于使电池组的***和拆除能够用单手操作。
当电池组接近完全***电池槽中时,电池槽后部的两个非导电鞘(sheath)114由电池组后部内的插座62接收。每个鞘包括一导电插座,该导电插座用来与电池组中的导电接头64相配合。在导电接头64与鞘中的导电插座之间进行电连接之前,鞘114开始进入电池组上的插座62。由此,非导电鞘可防止位于电池组上导电接头之间的短路,因为它们在进行连接时屏蔽了插脚。当电池组完全***电池槽中时,便完成了电池组内电池与除颤器中电路之间的电连接。
电池槽和电池组的结构能确保在电池组***电池槽中时自动进行导电接头与导电插座的配合,而无需用户对准电池组。导轨110所实现的对准,可保证电池组上的插脚在电池组***除颤器中时不会折断或折弯。因此,这里所公开的结构对于第一响应人的除颤器是有利的,因为它使更换电池组的必要技术最少。
为防止电池组在其已***的情况下掉落到电池槽的外部,闩锁38用来自动将电池组固定在电池槽中。图7A-C表示电池组正***除颤器中和从除颤器中拆除时闩锁的位置。在图7A中,正将电池组***电池槽中。当将电池组导入电池槽中时,闩锁构件52的引导面120与电池槽底板108的前唇(lip)相接触。该闩锁构件的引导面120有一角度,以便在电池组进一步***电池槽中时,使闩锁构件在引导面与前唇相碰时受到自动向上的力。因此,由于自动提升了闩锁构件52,所以用户不必在***电池组时移动闩锁34。
在图7B中,电池组已完全***除颤器中。当电池组接近图7B所示的位置时,闩锁构件52行至一斜坡(ramp)122上,该斜坡122形成于电池槽的底板108中。当闩锁构件行至斜坡之上时,闩锁构件的斜角引导面再次使闩锁进一步向上移动。在行至斜坡之上之后,通过弹簧100作用于闩锁38的偏置动作将闩锁构件压入一槽124中。该闩锁构件的尾面(trailing face)126一般是平的。当该闩锁构件卡入槽124中时,便使该闩锁构件的尾面与斜坡122的平后部相接触。闩锁构件与斜坡之间的接触将电池组固定到位,以防止电池组与除颤器分开。
为拆除电池组,用户必须将一向上的力施加给闩锁,以便将闩锁构件从槽中收回。图7C表示闩锁34的必要运动,该必要运动的目的在于将电池组从电池槽中拆除。为将闩锁构件52从槽124中拆除,用户必须提起手柄48,压缩弹簧100。提起手柄使得闩锁构件上升,以致闩锁构件的尾面离开斜坡122的平后部。当手柄提高时,用户还必须施加一向外的力,以便将电池组28从电池槽中导出。一旦闩锁构件离开斜坡,用户即可使闩锁返回扩展位置。
可知,所公开的闩锁结构极其便于在紧急情况发生期间***电池组。为***电池组,用户只须使电池组与电池槽的入口对准,***电池组,直到闩锁自动锁入电池槽中的槽为止。该自锁闩锁可缩短***过程的时间,并防止电池组从除颤器中松脱。
尽管已说明和描述了本发明的优选实施例,不过可知,在不脱离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可在其中做出各种变换。例如,尽管优选将脊设在电池组的顶部,不过可知,也可将该脊构造于电池槽的顶部。将该脊移至电池槽的顶部将会获得一理想结果,即可减小将电池组***除颤器中时电池组与电池槽之间的摩擦。
本领域的技术人员还可知道,也可用另外的结构将闩锁偏置在一扩展位置。优选用一对圈簧100将力施加给闩锁38。其他的压缩结构,包括片簧和橡胶垫圈,也可用来将类似的力施加给该闩锁。
本领域的技术人员还可知道,各种类型和数目的电池84可用在本发明所公开的电池组中。根据用户的喜好和电池组可能应用的场合,也可将其他类型的可再充电及不可再充电电池装在电池组内。根据除颤器所需的操作电压,电池数目也可变化。在某些情况下,电池组中仅需单独一个电池。
还可知道,除本发明所公开的优选形状之外,电池组的不对称形状也可变换为其他形状。于其只有一个侧壁倾斜于竖直方向,不如使电池组的左侧壁与右侧壁42、44两个都倾斜于竖直方向。但是,每个侧壁的倾斜角必须不同,以便确保一不对称形状,便于键控。因此,在所附权利要求书的范围内,可知本发明除专门用于此处所述情况之外还可用于其他情况。
如下限定其中要求一独占权或特许权的本发明的实施例:

Claims (4)

1.一种用于便携式除颤器的电池组,该除颤器有一电池槽,该电池组包括:
(a)一平行六面体,有一前壁和一后壁;
(b)电池,有一正极端和一负极端,装在该六面体内部;
(c)一对导电接头,位于该六面体的后壁,该对导电接头中的一个耦合到电池的正极端,该对导电接头中的另一个耦合到电池的负极端;
(d)闩锁,位于该六面体的前壁,该闩锁有一闩锁构件,该闩锁构件在一扩展位置和一缩回位置之间活动,该闩锁构件在扩展位置从六面体伸出,而在缩回位置不从六面体伸出;和
(e)偏置机构,用来将闩锁构件偏置在扩展位置处,其中将电池组部分***电池槽中使得闩锁构件移至缩回位置,在将电池组完全***电池槽中之后,该偏置机构将闩锁构件返回到扩展位置,以便将电池组固定在除颤器的电池槽中。
2.如权利要求1的电池组,其中闩锁构件有一斜角引导面和一尾面,该斜角引导面沿电池组的***方向取向,而该尾面沿远离电池组的***方向取向。
3.如权利要求2的电池组,其中当电池组部分***电池槽中时,闩锁构件的引导面与电池槽一壁面相接触,并将闩锁构件移至缩回位置。
4.如权利要求1的电池组,其中闩锁包括一闩锁手柄,该手柄由用户抓握,藉以用手将闩锁构件移至缩回位置。
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