CN1215712C - 处理来自多个广播源的节目和参数信息的*** - Google Patents
处理来自多个广播源的节目和参数信息的*** Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种处理来自不同广播源的分组化节目信息的***,所述信息包括节目和含有相关内容等级数据的具体节目信息。根据其来源,从来自备选广播源的等效参数中选择(310,320,330)所需节目的具体节目参数。为显示、记录或重放,利用所选的具体节目参数来处理(337)所需节目。所选具体节目参数可包含内容等级,所述内容等级被映射到(323)不同节目内容评级***,并用在访问所需节目的权限的多级确认中。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及对从多个广播源接收的节目以及相关内容等级和***定时信息的处理,以进行节目播放、记录和重放。
背景技术
在数字视频和音频广播应用中,发送到视频译码器的分组化节目信息、比如高清晰度电视(HDTV)接收机,包含来自多个广播源的广播频道,例如,Fox 5TM,频道13TM。单个广播台的分组化节目信息可包含若干节目子频道的数据内容,节目子频道占据以前由单个模拟广播频道占据的频谱。子频道可包括例如含主节目频道的数字业务、提供股票报价的金融业务频道、体育新闻业务频道以及购物和交互频道,所有这些频道均在事先分配给单个模拟NTSC兼容广播频道的6MHz带宽内传送。
单个广播台的分组化节目信息还包含辅助信息以及节目子频道的数据内容。辅助信息包括***信息和用于识别和汇编含有所选节目的分组的具体节目数据,还包括节目指南和与所发送的节目数据相关的文本信息。尤其,辅助***信息包括***定时信息,***定时信息提供能够判定将要播送具体节目的时刻的时钟基准。辅助具体节目数据可包括节目内容等级信息(如PG-13),使得能够利用例如像V-chip(芯片)型***这样的条件存取***实现父母(parental)控制。辅助***定时和内容等级信息一般与节目数据一起被编码,以符合公知标准的要求。先进电视***委员会(ATSC)1997年11月10日出版的“地面广播和有线广播的节目和***信息协议”、下文称为PSIP标准,对这样一种详细说明结合广播应用的***定时和内容等级信息的信息协议进行了命名。
在处理来自多个广播源的***定时和具体节目信息的数字视频***中可能出现许多问题。特别是,在采用用于调度节目处理功能和为用户显示当前时间的***定时信息时会出现一些问题。在提供一种在授权访问节目时利用精确节目内容等级信息的条件存取***,与此同时提供所需特征、比如用户有选择地重设先前设定的内容等级极限的能力的情形下,也会出现一些问题。因此有必要解决这些问题和所派生的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种处理来自不同广播源的分组化节目信息的***,所述信息包括节目和含有相关内容等级数据的具体节目信息。根据其来源,从来自备选广播源的等效参数中选择所需节目的具体节目参数。为显示、记录或重放,利用所选的具体节目参数来处理所需节目。所选具体节目参数可包含内容等级,所述内容等级被映射到不同节目内容评级***,并用在访问所需节目的权限确认中。
按照本发明的一个方面,提供一种利用从备选广播源选择的具体节目参数处理节目的方法,该方法适于用在从不同广播源接收分组化节目信息的视频译码器中,来自各个广播源的所述分组化信息包括节目内容和含有节目内容等级数据的具体节目信息,其特征在于包括步骤:
从第一广播源选择所需节目,
从第二广播源接收包括所述所需节目的具体节目参数的分组化节目信息,
接收包括所述所需节目的具体节目参数的分组化节目信息,来自所述第二广播源的所述具体节目参数的作用等效于来自所述第一广播源的所述具体节目参数的作用;
根据信号源选择所述接收的具体节目信息参数之一;以及
利用所述选择的具体节目参数处理所述所需节目。
附图说明
图1是按照本发明原理用于处理来自多个广播源的节目内容等级(rating)信息和***定时的数字视频接收设备的方框图。
图2示出按照本发明的用于调度和执行节目处理功能并显示时钟的方法的流程图。
图3示出按照本发明的用于启动节目处理功能调度的节目指南用户界面。
图4示出按照本发明的用于根据从多个广播源接收的节目内容等级调整对节目的访问的方法的流程图。
图5示出按照本发明的用于产生结合***定时和节目内容等级信息的具体节目信息的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
图1是按照本发明原理的用于对来自多个广播源的广播信号进行解调和译码的数字视频接收***的方框图。虽然作为用于接收结合MPEG可兼容格式下的定时信息和具体辅助节目的地面广播视频信号描述了所公开的***,但它仅仅是说明性的。MPEG数据格式已被广泛采用并在MPEG2(运动图像专家组)图像编码标准中进行了详细说明,下文称为“MPEG标准”,(ISO/IEC 13818-2,1994年六月第10期,和ISO/IEC 13818-1,1995年1月第20期)。具体节目和定时信息可以有多种类型。例如,它可符合在MPEG***标准第2.4.4节中规定的具体节目信息(PSI)要求或可符合先前提到的PSIP标准或其他ATSC标准。另外,它可按照具体***专有的或常规的要求来形成。
本发明的原理可应用于地面、有线、卫星、因特网或计算机网络广播***,其中编码类型或调制格式可改变。这种***可包括例如非MPEG兼容***,涉及传送具体节目信息的其他方法和其他类型的编码数据流。此外,尽管按照对广播节目的处理描述了所公开的***,但这仅仅是说明性的。术语‘节目’用于表示任何形式的分组化数据,例如音频数据、电话消息、计算机程序、因特网数据或其他通信联络。
在图1的视频接收机***中,天线10接收用携带音频、视频及表示广播节目内容的相关数据的信号调制的广播载波,并由单元13进行处理。解调器15解调所得数字输出信号。译码器17将单元15输出的解调信号进行网格译码、映射到字节长度数据段、解交织及进行里德-所罗门纠错。来自单元17的纠错输出数据具有MPEG兼容传输数据流的形式,包含表示节目的多路复用的音频、视频及数据分量。单元22将来自单元17的传送流多路分解为音频、视频及数据分量,再由译码***100的其他元件进行进一步的处理。在一种模式下,译码器100分别在单元50和55上提供供显示的MPEG译码数据和音频再现。在另一种模式下,译码器100处理来自单元17的传送流,以提供MPEG兼容数据流,从而经存储装置90存储在存储介质105上。
用户利用遥控器70选择收看电视频道(用户选择的通道-SC),或者选择收看屏幕菜单,比如节目指南。控制器60利用从遥控器70经接口65提供的选择信息适当地配置图1的元件,以接收要收看的所需节目频道。控制器60包括处理器62和处理器64。单元62处理(即分析、整理和汇编)含节目内容等级和节目指南信息的***定时信息和具体节目信息。处理器64执行操作译码器100所需的保持控制功能。虽然单元60的功能可作为图1的分离元件62和64来实现,它们也可用单个处理器实现。例如,单元62和64的功能也可结合在微处理器的编程指令中。控制器60配置处理器13、解调器15、译码器17及译码***100,以对输入信号格式和编码类型进行解调和译码。此外,控制器60还配置其他通信模式的单元13、15和17,例如通过同轴电缆14接收有线电视(CATV)信号或者通过电话线11进行双向(例如因特网)通信。在模拟视频模式下,单元13、15和17接收NTSC兼容信号并由译码器100加以处理,以分别在单元50和55上进行视频显示和音频再现。由控制器60利用双向数据和控制信号总线C设定这些单元中的控制寄存器值,针对输入信号类型分别地配置单元13、15、17和译码器100中的子单元。
提供给译码器100的传送流包括含节目频道数据和辅助***定时信息的数据分组和含节目内容等级的具体节目信息,以及节目指南信息。单元22将辅助信息分组引导至控制器60,控制器60将该信息分析、整理和汇编为分层排列的列表。包括用户选择节目频道SC的各个数据分组利用汇编的具体节目信息进行识别和汇编。***定时信息包含时间基准指示符和相关校正数据(例如,白天节省时间指示符和调整时间漂移、跳跃年等的补偿信息)。该定时信息足以让译码器将时间基准指示符变换为一时钟(例如美国东海岸时间和日期),以建立该节目的广播台在将来传送节目的日期和当天的时间。该时钟对于例如启动包含节目播放、节目记录和节目重放的所调度节目处理功能是有用的。而且,具体节目信息包含条件存取、网络信息和识别以及使图1***调谐到所需频道的链接数据和汇编数据分组以形成完整的节目。具体节目信息还包含辅助节目内容等级信息(例如基于年龄的适当等级),节目指南信息(例如电子节目指南-EPG)和与广播节目有关的描述文本以及支持该辅助信息的汇编和识别的数据。
控制器60将具体节目和***定时信息汇编为多级分层排列且相互链接的列表。示范性的PSIP兼容分层表排列包括“***定时表(STT)”,“主指南表(MGT)”,“频道信息表(CIT)”,“事件信息表(EIT)”及诸如“扩充文本表(ETT)”和“等级区域表(RRT)”一类的可选列表。例如,STT包含时间基准指示符和相关校正数据,足以使译码器建立广播源传送节目的时间,精确到正负4秒以内。MGT包含获得在其他列表中传送的具体节目信息的信息,如用于识别与其他列表相关的数据分组的识别符。CIT包含调谐并移转接收用户选择节目频道的信息。EIT包含可在CIT中所列频道上接收的节目(事件)的描述清单。ETT包含描述节目和节目频道的文本消息。
RRT包含节目内容等级信息,如MPAA(美国运动图像协会)或按区域(例如按美国内的国家或洲)整理的V-chip(芯片)兼容等级信息。在描述符信息单元内传送在分层表内描述并补充项目的附加具体节目信息。使节目内容等级与来自特定广播源的特定节目相关的信息可以包含在EIT或PMT中的内容咨询描述符内传送。在其他实施例中,使具体节目与具体等级相关的***定时和节目内容等级信息可包含在其他列表中,像字幕业务描述符一类的描述符或信息可在用户可定义数据中传送。附加节目内容等级在由译码器100内模拟视频模式下的模拟处理器27处理的NTSC兼容信号中的垂直消隐间隔中传送。控制器经单元22获得的具体节目和***定时信息存储在单元60的内部存储器内。控制器60在条件存取节目和调度包括节目收视、记录和重放的节目处理功能时采用获得的内容等级和***定时信息。
控制器60采用图2的过程执行包括节目收视、记录和重放的经调度的节目处理功能。在其他实施例中,相应于图2(和图4)的过程的一种过程可用于执行包括节目传送、节目标准变换、节目加密、解密、加扰、译码的其他调度功能以及包括终止这些处理功能中任何一个的派生的功能。在执行特定节目的经调度处理过程时,控制器60自适应地由特定节目广播源提供的时间基准指示(例如在STT中)产生一调度时钟。这一所产生的调度时钟用于对经调度节目处理功能的启动计时。在启动这一特定节目的经调度处理过程时不考虑先前导出的时钟(例如从其他广播源导出的)。在启动由该特定节目源产生的任何节目的调度处理之前,使调度时钟再与特定广播源提供的STT时间基准信息同步。
这些特征解决了防止应用跨越节目边界的不正确具体节目信息参数(在MGT,CIT,EIT,ETT和RRT等之内的参数)的问题。这可能发生在利用不精确的时钟,比如从广播源产生的而不是从要处理的具体节目的信号源产生的时钟对节目处理调度时。由于在利用多个广播源的***中发生的节目广播延迟和其他延迟,10秒或更长的时钟不精确性在这些条件下是相当可能的。
由于这种时钟非精确性,在启动或节目记录终止和节目的实际广播时间之间的重叠时段可能记录(或收视或重放)错误的节目。而且,在发生于重叠时段的节目段期间,可能利用先前处理的节目的具体节目信息参数错误地记录节目。因此,一旦重放该节目,在重叠段期间就应用不正确的具体节目参数。例如,这可能引起有缺陷的译码,包括不正确的分组识别和数据采集或者利用不正确的节目内容等级。所以,可能给用户瞬时显示无效或不能采用的图像。在这种条件下,例如,可能将一部分成人内容的等级节目错误地显示给孩子。
当用户启动调度功能时,控制器60采用图2的过程来调度和执行节目处理功能。跟随在步骤200的开始,控制器60在步骤203通过显示在显示器50(图1)上的节目指南界面响应用户调度命令调度节目收看(包括调谐和数据采集)、记录或重放。其他实施例可采用用于这种调度功能的备选用户界面。
在通过图3的节目指南调度节目收视或记录时,用户利用菜单图标853和855游动至所需频道和节目。用户分别借助选择图标805或图标810通过加亮新闻图标849选择一个节目、例如新闻节目849,并调度新闻节目849以进行收视或记录。同样用户可调度电影的重放,例如来自存储装置90和介质105(图1)电影项847(终端负载II)。用户通过加亮电影项847和选择图标815调度电影的重放。在其他实施例中,用户可借助其他方法,例如利用遥控器70的按钮而不是节目指南图标805,810和815来调度节目收视、记录或重放。
当用户选择图标805或810时,控制器60将新闻项849的播送和结束的调度时间存储在内部存储器中。控制器60由事先从EIT导出的存储节目指南信息确定新闻项849的播送和结束的调度时间。一旦用户选择图标815,控制器60结合单元37(图1)产生调度菜单,使用户能输入将来重放电影847的时间或选择立即重放电影。用户利用遥控器70选择控制和游动图标并输入时间等,遥控器70支持光标操纵(或基于备选光标的装置,如鼠标或键盘***)。
返回图2的过程,控制器60在步骤205配置单元13、15和17(图1)和译码器100的部件,以接收包含用户所选节目的分组化节目信息。控制器60配置处理器13、解调器15和译码器17,以接收具体频道频率和所需节目的广播台的发送频道的数据格式(已在步骤203先选择)。在步骤210,控制器60通过以预定STT PID和列表识别数据(表_ID)配置多路分解器22来获取包含来自所需节目广播源的STT数据的数据分组。由此控制器60获取包含当前时间基准指示和所需节目广播源产生的时间校正数据的STT数据。以预定周期性时间间隔(由PSIP标准推荐,至少每秒一次)发送和获取STT数据。
在步骤215,在节目记录和收视模式下,控制器60利用获取的STT时间基准(指示从时基时间特别是从1980年1月6时上午12点起经过的秒数)与包括偏移值和白天节省时间指示符(按PSIP标准节6.1)的STT校正数据一起导出时钟。导出的时钟包含日期和时间并包含年、月、日和一天的时间。在从时间基准指示导出时钟时计算下列四个值:
1)从时基开始的分钟数=(从时基开始的所接收秒数)/60
2)从时基开始的小时数=(从时基开始的所接收分钟数)/60
3)从时基开始的天数=(从时基开始的小时数)/24
4)从时基开始的年数=(从时基开始的天数)/(每年的天数),其中,
每年的天数=365,或闰年时为366
注意,
上列表达式中的时基是1980年1月6时上午12点。
根据以上四值,按下列等式确定导出的时钟分量,年、月、日和一天的时间。
1)当年=基础年+自时基开始的年数,
2)一年的当天=自时基开始的天数-(自时基开始的年数×每年的天数),
此外,直接从当年和一年的当天确定当月和该月的当天。
3)一天的当前小时=自时基开始的小时数-(自时基开始的天数×24),
4)小时的当前分钟=自时基开始接收的分钟数-(自时基开始的小时数×60)
5)分钟内的当前秒=自时基开始接收的秒数-(自时基开始的分钟数×60)
则导出的时钟为,当前总时间=当年、月、日、小时、分钟和秒。另外,按PSIP标准6.1节和附录A(或者在非PSIP兼容***中由相应校正因子),利用包括补偿值和白天节省时间指示符的STT校正数据来校正所导出的时钟。
在步骤215,在节目重放模式下,为启动电影重放,控制器60采用与存储装置90的操作同步的内部***时钟。在其他实施例中,控制器60可从多种其他形式的时钟数据导出调度时钟。最好是让用于导出调度时钟的时钟数据与在播送所需节目时广播源发送的时钟同步。这是例如在收视和记录模式下利用来自所需节目广播源的STT数据和在重放模式下利用与重放装置同步的***时钟实现的。在启动所需节目的所调度处理时,不考虑STT数据和从来自所需节目源以外的广播源的STT数据导出的时钟。
在步骤220,控制器60用在步骤215导出的时钟信息更新(即校正和再同步化)内部保存的调度时钟。以这种方式,从以等于或小于一秒的间隔接收的更新STT数据获得的导出时钟值,周期性地更新调度时钟。在从STT数据更新调度时钟之间的时间间隔内,利用控制器60内的内部晶体时钟频率保存调度时钟。在其他实施例中,利用步骤205-215的方法,控制器60可建立和保存分离调度时钟和/或STT导出时间基准和与每一节目广播源相关的校正信息(例如每一广播源的一个时钟)。在步骤220,如果未从所需节目的广播源获得时钟基准信息,控制器60利用事先导出的调度时钟。在步骤225,控制器60以步骤203中事先建立的调度处理时间启动所需节目的处理。控制器60根据在步骤220确定的调度时钟判定是否已到达启动处理(在步骤203事先调度的)的时间。
在步骤225,通过识别和获取包含所需节目的分组,控制器60启动所需节目的处理,以便以调度的处理时间进行收视、记录或重放。具体地说,控制器60和处理器22(图1)从CIT确定在从单元17输入到译码器100的分组化译码传送流中的视频、音频和分画面流的PID。视频、音频和分画面流构成在所选频道SC上传送的所需节目。处理器22将MPEG兼容视频、音频和分画面流分别提供给视频译码器25、音频译码器35和分画面处理器30。视频和音频流包含表示所选择频道SC节目内容的压缩的视频和音频数据。分画面数据包含与频道SC节目内容相关的EIT、ETT和RRT信息。
译码器25将来自单元22的MPEG兼容分组化视频数据译码和解压缩并经多路复用器40提供解压缩的节目表示像素数据到NTSC编码器45。类似地,音频处理器35将来自单元22的分组化音频数据译码并将与相关解压缩视频数据同步的译码并放大的音频数据提供到进行音频再现的装置55。处理器30将从单元22接收的分画面数据译码和解压缩。
处理器30将来自单元22的EIT、RRT和ETT数据进行汇编、整理和翻译以产生格式化的节目指南数据输出到OSD 37。OSD 37处理EIT、RRT和ETT和其他信息以产生表示字幕、控制和信息菜单显示的像素映射数据,包括可选菜单选项和其他用于显示在显示器50上的项目。被显示的控制和信息菜单使用户能够选择收看的节目,和调度将来节目处理功能,包括a)调谐接收要收看的所选择节目,b)记录节目到存储介质105上,及c)从介质105重放节目。
在控制器60的控制下,以重叠像素映像数据的形式产生包括OSD产生器37产生的文本和图形的控制和信息显示。在控制器60的控制下,经多路复用器40,在编码器45中,将来自单元37的重叠像素映像数据与来自MPEG译码器25的表示解压缩像素的数据组合并同步。由NTSC编码器45将表示频道SC上视频节目的组合像素映像数据与相关分画面数据一起进行编码并输出到显示器50供显示。
在步骤230(图2),控制器60产生呈现给用户的第二时钟,例如在图3的节目指南中描绘的所显示时钟项857(还包括日期)。第二时钟不同于调度时钟,它是用于防止在调度时钟下出现的时间变化不连续性被显示并干扰用户。控制器60通过下以方式产生第二时钟,a)利用例如一低通滤波器对调度时钟值进行滤波,以防止突发的不连续性,或者b)在用户看不见时周期更新第二时钟。另一方面,可采用如下第二时钟,其与调度时钟无关,并且是a)基于控制器60的内部时钟和译码器100***,b)是在一个单独的且不同于节目内容频道的频道上接收的,或者,c)例如,嵌套在列出来自多个广播源的节目的复合节目指南内被接收。图2的过程在步骤235结束。
控制器60采用图4的方法处理来自不同广播源的分组化节目信息,其利用包括从备选广播源动态选择的节目内容等级数据的功能上等效的具体节目信息参数。在处理分组化节目信息时,控制器60最好根据该参数的广播源,自适应地选择具体节目参数。图4的过程还可应用于模拟视频NTSC兼容节目的调度和源自垂直消隐间隔的等级信息的采集和处理。
在图4的示范性实施例中,控制器60根据从提供模拟或数字数据的多个广播源接收的节目内容等级调整对节目的访问。控制器60响应通过由0SD单元37产生并在单元50上显示的控制和信息菜单(如结合图2所描述的)输入的用户命令,调整对节目的访问。例如,一旦提供了包括用户标识(ID)和预定口令的资格数据,控制和信息菜单使用户能够进入他自己和他人的内容等级分布。内容等级分布允许用户按照一用户选择的评级(rating)***为译码器100的各个用户设定最大等级极限阈值。用户可按照像V-chip(芯片)、MPAA或其他***这样许多不同的评级***选择等级极限阈值。因此译码器100使得对孩子和其他人访问广播节目进行父母控制成为可能。此外,控制和信息菜单使用户可根据像用户标识字和口令一类的授权数据的输入重设所选择的预置最大等级极限。
在执行图4的过程时,跟随开始步骤300,在步骤303,控制器60启动节目收视(包括调谐和采集)、记录或重放的调度。如前所述,控制器60通过图3的节目指南界面根据用户的调度命令启动调度。在步骤305,控制器60配置单元13、15和17(图1)以及译码器100的部件,以从第一广播源接收复合节目指南信息。复合节目指南信息包含节目描述和支持设备并对构成多种不同广播源产生的各个节目的分组数据译码的其他信息。控制器60配置处理器13、解调器15和译码器17,以接收第一广播源提供的传输频道的具体频道频率和数据格式。由此,在步骤305,控制器60与单元22一起从第一广播源获取含包括所需节目的节目内容等级的具体节目信息的复合节目指南信息。此外,在步骤305,控制器60将具体节目信息存储在内部存储器中,并在步骤310从包含在所存储具体节目信息的EIT中的内容咨询描述符检索所需节目的内容等级。控制器60从所存储的具体节目信息的检索RRT判定所检索的内容等级的评级***(即所需节目是否是根据例如V-chip(芯片)或MPAA兼容***评级的)。
在步骤315,控制器60比较所检索的节目内容等级与包含在预定用户具体等级分布中的最大等级阈值极限。等级阈值极限决定授权译码器100***的当前用户访问的最大节目内容等级。如果所需节目的内容等级不超过最大内容等级阈值,控制器60在步骤315调度对所需节目的处理。检索的节目内容等级和最大内容等级阈值极限与包含在先前存储的RRT内的内容评级***是兼容的。一种示范性的基于寿命的评级***在图3的节目指南(项目860-872)中作了描绘,包括TV-M,TV-14,TV-PG,TV-G,TV-Y7,TV-Y等级。
在以步骤303-315公开的方式调度节目处理时,在利用来自复合节目指南(或另一等级信息源)的内容等级时可能出现许多问题。具体而言,可能出现问题是因为,a)第一广播源提供的复合指南中的内容等级可能不精确,以及b)由于种种原因在步骤315执行的用户权限的验证可能变为无效。例如,由于节目指南极限阈值被顺序重设并由授权用户更改,或者由于所需节目的内容的后续再等级,该验证可能变为无效。
因此,在步骤320,控制器60从所需节目的广播源提供的具体节目信息获取所需节目的第二内容等级。靠近节目广播时间合理地获取来自该第二广播源的内容等级,以使用户访问所需节目权限的当前和可靠的第二次确认成为可能。在步骤325,控制器60将从第二源(所需节目的广播台)获取的内容等级变换为与第一源(复合指南广播台)采用的内容评级***兼容。控制器60利用预定等效映射信息变换内容等级,所述信息用于将一个广播源的内容等级变换为另一广播源的评级***。
在步骤330,如果从第一和第二广播源获取的等级是不同的,控制器在它们之间进行选择。一旦选定,内容等级用在进一步的处理中,并可由控制器60用于在步骤330中更新现有的不同等级,例如在图3的节目指南中显示的等级。在步骤330,控制器60从被认为最可靠和最精确的广播源选择具体节目信息参数,此时考虑,a)选择的参数类型(该实例中的内容等级),及b)参数被处理的处理方案中的时间和阶段。可以认为来自一个广播源的具体节目信息参数在具体时间点比来自另一节目源的等效参数更可靠。因此,可根据参数源和其被获取的时间及处理阶段有益地改变参数选择。在其他实施例中,等级变换步骤325可能是不必要的,它可被有选择地用于将选择变换为第二节目源的***或第三及不同***。在根据节目内容等级调整访问时选择内容等级是有利的,该内容等级是:a)从所需节目的广播源提供的,以及b)最近获取的等级,尤其是当实际上靠近所需节目的播送时间来获取该等级时。
在步骤335,控制器60利用在步骤330选择的等级,以结合步骤315描述的方式,执行用户访问所需节目的权限的二次确认。具体而言,控制器60将检索的节目内容等级与包含在预定用户具体等级分布中的最大等级阈值极限相比较。一旦成功确认,在步骤337控制器60通过用PID配置多路分解器22启动对所需节目的处理,所述PID用于识别和获取包含构成所需节目的数据流的分组。译码器100处理经识别的所需节目的分组,从而以前面结合图2描述的方式进行收视、记录或重放。图4的过程在步骤340结束。
图4的过程还用于调整对模拟视频节目的访问和从NTSC兼容模拟视频信号的垂直消隐间隔导出的节目内容等级的收集和处理。因而,步骤303-320同样涉及对处理并调谐到模拟视频信号源的模拟视频的调度,用于从NTSC兼容垂直或水平消隐间隔导出内容等级(例如V-chip兼容等级)。另外,步骤325-337的映射、选择、确认和处理利用从模拟视频信号以及从数字具体节目信息导出的等级。
图5示出按照本发明的一种用于产生包括***定时的具体节目信息和节目内容等级信息的方法。例如,该方法可用在用于广播视频数据的编码器中,例如图1天线10接收的数据,或可用在译码器单元内,例如用在存储模式下的图1控制器60内。
在图1***的存储模式下,译码器100处理来自单元17的校正输出数据,以提供MPEG兼容数据流供存储。在该模式下,用户通过遥控单元70和接口65选择存储的节目。处理器22与控制器60一起形成压缩的***和包括含有前述有益特征的STT,MGT,CIT,EIT,ETT和RRT数据的具体节目信息。压缩的信息支持选择存储的节目的译码,但排除不相关的信息。控制器60连同处理器22形成一包含所选节目的分组化内容数据和相关的压缩具体节目信息的复合MPEG兼容数据流。复合数据流输出到存储接口95。
存储接口95缓冲复合数据流以减小数据中的间隙和比特率变化。存储装置90对所得缓冲数据进行处理以适合于存储在介质105上。存储装置90利用公知的误差编码技术,比如信号编码、交织和里德-所罗门编码对来自接口95的缓冲数据流编码,以产生适于存储的编码数据流。单元90将包括压缩具体节目信息的所得编码数据流存储在介质105上。
编码器采用图5的方法来产生包括每个广播台的描述符及STT、MGT、CIT、EIT、ETT和RRT数据的制式和具体节目信息,并将该信息组合在复合数据流中。所产生信息可传送到译码器***,例如前述图1中由天线10进行接收随后进行译码的***。随着在图5步骤400开始,在步骤405和410产生每个广播台的描述符及STT、MGT、CIT、EIT、ETT和RRT数据。具体来讲,在步骤405产生CIT。CIT包含允许获取各个广播台产生的可用广播节目和频道的节目识别信息。CIT结合频道识别号和用于识别构成要在特定频道上传送的各节目的各分组化数据流的分组标识符。所产生的CIT还包括链接到包括节目编号、语言代码指示符、以及流类型标识符的所列出节目频道的项目,如结合图1所描述的。
在步骤410,产生EIT,它含有节目指南信息,节目指南信息包括可在CIT中所列出的频道上接收的节目(事件)的描述清单。产生EIT包括内容咨询描述符,内容咨询描述符包含以结合图4描述的方式从由多个广播源提供的等级信息选择和处理的节目内容等级。EIT使具体节目与具体等级相关。在步骤410还产生ETT和RRT。ETT包含例如文本消息描述节目,RRT如前所述包含节目内容等级信息。在步骤410,还产生MGT,它包含允许识别和汇编CIT、EIT、和RRT信息的数据标识符。MGT还输送用于先前所产生CIT、EIT、ETT和RRT的列表尺寸信息。在步骤410还产生STT,它包含对于译码器而言足够的时间基准指示符和相关校正数据,以由节目广播台建立传输节目的时间。
在步骤415,将在步骤405和410产生的STT、MGT、CIT、EIT、ETT和RRT数据及描述符形成为多个广播源的复合制式和具体节目信息。最好让形成的复合制式和具体节目信息使各个STT时间基准与它们的对应广播源相关。在步骤420,在步骤415产生的复合信息与多个频道的视频和音频节目表示分量相组合并格式化为传送流,以便输出。在步骤423,输出传送流被进一步处理,以适合于传输到另一装置,例如,接收机、视频服务器或在存储介质上记录的存储装置。步骤423执行的过程包括公知的编码功能,例如数据压缩里德-所罗门编码、交织、加扰、网格编码以载波调制。在步骤425完成并结束该过程。在图5的过程中,可形成多个CIT、EIT、ETT和RRT列表并将之结合在具体节目信息中,以便容纳扩大数量的频道。
图1的结构不是唯一的。按照本发明的原理,也可导出其他结构来达到相同目标。而且,图1译码器100的部件的功能和图2、4和5的处理步骤可在微处理机的编程指令内全部或部分地实现。此外,按照本发明形成的数据流可用在多种应用中,例如,包括通过电话线的PC(个人计算机)型通信或视频服务器。按照本发明原理的具有一个以上视频、音频分量和形成为包括制式和具体节目信息的数据的节目数据流可记录在存储介质上并传输或者再播送给其他服务器、PC或接收机。
Claims (5)
1.一种利用从备选广播源选择的具体节目参数处理节目的方法,该方法适于用在从不同广播源接收分组化节目信息的视频译码器中,来自各个广播源的所述分组化信息包括节目内容和含有节目内容等级数据的具体节目信息,其特征在于包括步骤:
从第一广播源选择所需节目,
从第二广播源接收包括所述所需节目的具体节目参数的分组化节目信息,
接收包括所述所需节目的具体节目参数的分组化节目信息,来自所述第二广播源的所述具体节目参数的作用等效于来自所述第一广播源的所述具体节目参数的作用;
根据信号源选择所述接收的具体节目信息参数之一;以及
利用所述选择的具体节目参数处理所述所需节目。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
所述所需节目的所述具体节目参数包括至少下列各项之一,a)节目内容等级,b)字幕信息,以及c)文本描述信息。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
处理所述所需节目的所述步骤包括至少下列步骤之一,a)节目记录,b)节目重放,以及c)节目选择和显示。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
来自所述第一和第二广播源的所述所需节目的所述具体节目信息参数各包括一个节目内容等级,并且还包括步骤,
将来自所述第一广播源的所述内容等级映射为与所述第二广播源的节目内容评级***兼容的内容等级。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
来自所述第一和第二广播源的所述所需节目的所述具体节目信息参数各包括一个节目内容等级,并且还包括步骤,
将来自所述第一广播源的所述内容等级和来自所述第二广播源的所述内容等级映射为与另一节目内容评级***兼容的内容等级。
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1999
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- 1999-10-27 KR KR1019990046764A patent/KR100707879B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-11-05 CN CNB991236904A patent/CN1215712C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-05 CN CNB2005100825965A patent/CN100385928C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-10 JP JP32027699A patent/JP4510192B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-10 EP EP99402801A patent/EP1001614B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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ES2385430T3 (es) | 2012-07-24 |
JP2000152238A (ja) | 2000-05-30 |
EP1001614B1 (en) | 2012-05-30 |
US6529526B1 (en) | 2003-03-04 |
EP1001614A1 (en) | 2000-05-17 |
JP4510192B2 (ja) | 2010-07-21 |
CN1255806A (zh) | 2000-06-07 |
KR20000035074A (ko) | 2000-06-26 |
TW444497B (en) | 2001-07-01 |
KR100707879B1 (ko) | 2007-04-16 |
CN100385928C (zh) | 2008-04-30 |
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