CN1212323A - Heat flow turbomachine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of gas turbine technology. The constant volume gas turbine can completely substitute piston reciprocating internal combustion engine in all fields, and is characterized by adding water-jet work-applying device and secondary work-applying gas collector on the basis of that said constant volume gas turbine is identical to constant pressure turbine in structure with air compressor, combustion chamber and turbine, so that it not only possesses the advantages of piston reciprocating internal combustion engine, but also overcomes its defects. Under the condition of identical horsepower, as compared with piston reciprocating internal combustion engine its volume is reduced by about 1/2, noise is small, harmful gas discharge can be eliminated, speed can be up to 2000-6000 rpm, it can use gasoline, diesel oil, alcohol, liquified gas and natural gas as fuel.

Description

Heat flow turbine

The invention belongs to hot machine field, isobaric turbo machine comes out, and its twin brothers' constant volume type turbo machine both will occur in the big ground of China over more than hundred year, the history that is the development of China's economic technology height is inevitable, be to be under the leader of the Party Central Committee of core with Jiang Zemin, changing in the another cross-centennial new pillar industry of new government with premier Zhu Rongji tissue, it can give technological progress, and economic growth is made something perfect even more perfect.Now this field is that the reciprocating piston internal combustion engine total occupation and in reciprocating piston internal combustion engine hundred years of development and the using process, brought a lot of convenience and benefit to the mankind, but has also occurred some by products that can not be ignored simultaneously.

Low as the heat energy utilization rate, it is many to exhale pernicious gases, and noise other thermal source greatly in addition makes earth thermal effect more and more uncontrollable.And energy consumption is big, lays in limited today at world oil, and this respect technological improvement is all the more paid close attention in countries in the world, new machine has breakthrough on energy saving, and the reciprocating piston internal combustion engine volume is big, rapid wear, easily mill, frangible, part is many, make complicated, the manufacture cost height, complex structure, fault is many, operational support is poor, and the big more rotating speed of horsepower is low more, start inconvenient, starting device complexity and startability is poor.Because a large amount of financial resource and material resource of complex structure consumption add that again our country is late in this industry starting, the Domestic market major part is captured by developed country, product, output is difficult to and this window industry of the world integrates with, thereby at the big information multimedia era of science and technology, we delay to enter electromechanical integration in this aspect of country, New Times developed the economy do not assist bar, pay attention to very much this field in recent years, make it under the leverage of economic height development, start fast, it is not late to make it this important member, strides into the new century and enter high development with a kind of attitude of quick large-scale production.Structure of the present invention and technologic material scheme.

The structural framing scheme is understood well, piston reciprocating internal combustion engine is with piston reciprocal interlock in cylinder, and connecting bar and crankshaft is that main part is with straight line interlock varied curve interlock and the machinery of the air inlet of flywheel energy reserve link, compression, work done, exhaust, the continuous work done that moves in circles.

Heat flow turbine is to add the blade of a circle for angle with the flywheel top, it is continuous so back and forth to finish the air inlet compression with piston straight line motion in cylinder, high temperature and high pressure gas after the compression expands with the oil inflame that sprays in primer, spray to the blade on flywheel top at a certain angle through nozzle, the turbine of stressed impact rotates, and heat energy is become the machinery of the continuous work done of mechanical energy through turbine shaft.(seeing Fig. 1-1 Fig. 1-2)

Also have a bit to say and.Be exactly that hot fluid is in spraying to the way of blade, spray into the flow of water expansion again increase hot-fluid, after for the first time spouted blade acting of hot-fluid, flow through the air-flow of blade, also have certain pressure and temperature, collect the blade work done that sprays to the flywheel top at a certain angle through gas-collecting device, at this moment the hydrodynamic pressure of twice work doing and temperature fundamental sum air have been more or less the same, outside the formed air-flow discharge of the rotation of turbine machine.(seeing Fig. 3-1 Fig. 3-2)

Primer be diesel engine for the vortex chamber of preheating chamber as the firing chamber, by vent valve control gas compressor ventilation and firing chamber ventilation, the firing chamber adds oil sprayer, air and fuel oil expand in the firing chamber internal combustion and form high-temperature high-pressure air flow like this, with best angle high pressure draught is sprayed to blade through gas valve, spray into water simultaneously and expand again, augmented flow, impulsion blade make impeller rotation work done.

Structure is formed gas compressor, primer, and turbine (for blade), the gas-collecting device main part is formed, and for clear 1-1 Fig. 1-2 that please see Figure on principle, please see Figure 5-1 Fig. 5-2 two structural representation in order to embody the part design.

Material and processing do not have specific (special) requirements.Because modern piston reciprocating internal combustion engine is all in usefulness, and heat flow turbine use in type body size only, the change of position has as for the present market of the tight figure tender of some bearings, though the actual demand of type selected just.

In order to specify 109 horsepowers of hot-fluid turbines of elite usefulness and to liberate CA10 type machine comparative illustration and more know.

Liberation CA10 h type engine h

Upright six cylinder gasoline engines

2800 rev/min 95 of maximum horsepower rotating speed

Cylinder bore and stroke

101.6 * 114.2 millimeters of Φ

Compression ratio 6

The high 1130mm of the wide 76mm of engine long 1664mm.109 horsepowers of heat flow turbines, gas compressor is seen Fig. 2-1 and Fig. 2-2 with 2 compression cylinders, work done circular list, concrete work done procedure chart 3-1, Fig. 3-2, the power transmission process is seen Fig. 4, concrete structure and size please see Figure 5-1 Fig. 5-2 structural representation.

Rotating speed is that 4000 rev/mins of gas compressors are two compression cylinders of V-type

120 millimeters * 115 millimeters of cylinder diameter and stroke Φ

350 millimeters of compression ratio 21 turbine radiuses

20 millimeters+gear of 120 millimeters+casing wall of volume cylinder diameter adds 112 millimeters of 60 millimeters+turbine shroud of shell+attached 108 millimeters of parts gas-collecting devices that help

440 millimeters of length overalls, wide 820 millimeters, high 781 millimeters.Will say also that at last the high-power turbo machine is seen Fig. 7 power transmission schematic representation and Fig. 6-1 Fig. 6-2 work done schematic representation, the multi-cylinder of the gas compressor of garden body structure is arranged and is seen Fig. 8.

????5	Bent wheel		????5	Blade
						????4	Flywheel		????4	Impeller
????3	Connecting rod		????3	Impeller shaft
						????2	Piston		????2	Blade
????1	Cylinder		????1	Hot-fluid
						Fig. 1-1	Title	The piston engine schematic representation	Fig. 1-2	Title	Hot-fluid engine principles figure

Fig. 2-1 table 1		Upright six cylinder engine work cycle table					????5	Flywheel
										Crank angle °	1	?2	?3	?4	?5	?6	????4	Crankshaft main bearing
????????0° ???????60° ??0°-180° ??????120° ??????180°	Work done	Exhaust	Air inlet	Work done	Compression	Air inlet	????3	Bent axle
										Compression	Exhaust	????2	Bent by connection rod set
			Air inlet	Work done
		????1			The mutual angle of crankshaft main bearing connecting rod bearing
							??????200° 180°-360° ??????300° ??????360°	Exhaust	Compression			Fig. 2-1	Title	The reciprocal six-in-line motor of piston
Work done	Air inlet
		Compression			Exhaust
			??????420° 360°-520° ??????490° ??????540°	Air inlet						Work done
									Exhaust		Compression
Work done	Air inlet
		??????600° 540°-720° ??????660° ??????720°			Compression							Exhaust
			Air inlet	Work done
									Exhaust	Compression
Firing order 1-5-3-6-2-4

Fig. 2-2 table 2	2 compressions and heat flow turbine work cycle table					????7	Blade
									Crank angle °		????1	Turbine	????2	Turbine	????6	Second air cylinder
????0°-180°		Air inlet	Work done	Compression	Work done	????5	Bent axle
									Exhaust	????4	Clutch
					??180°-360°		Compression	Work done					Air inlet	Work done	????3	First air cylinder
Exhaust	????2	Turbine
				??360°-540°				Air inlet	Work done	Compression	Work done	????1			Blade
Exhaust	Fig. 2-2	Title	2 compression cylinder heat flow turbines
						??540°-720°					Compression	Work done	Air inlet	Work done
Exhaust

????10	Piston Xiao		20	Gas-collecting device
							????9	Vent		19	Cylinder
????8	Gas-collecting device		18	Piston	28	Oil sprayer
							????7	Blade		17	Connecting rod	27	Primer
????6	The moisture high temperature gas flow		16	Turbine	26	Water jetting apparatus
							????5	The primer vent valve		15	Bent axle	25	Gas valve
????4	The primer firing chamber		14	Cylinder	24	Vent valve
							????3	The primer nozzle		13	Connecting rod	23	Nozzle
????2	Water jetting apparatus		12	Clutch	22	Blade
							????1	Oil sprayer		11	Piston	21	Vent
Fig. 3-1	Title	2 compression cylinder heat flow turbine work done schematic representation

????10	Connecting rod Xiao		20	Gas-collecting device
							????9	Vent		19	Cylinder
????8	Gas-collecting device		18	Piston	28	Oil sprayer
							????7	Blade		17	Connecting rod	27	The firing chamber
????6	The primer water orifice		16	Turbine	26	Water jetting apparatus
							????5	The primer nozzle		15	Bent axle	25	Gas valve
????4	The primer firing chamber		14	Cylinder	24	Vent valve
							????3	Gas-collecting device		13	Connecting rod	23	Nozzle
????2	Water jetting apparatus		12	Clutch	22	Blade
							????1	Oil sprayer		11	Piston	21	Exhauster
Fig. 3-2	Title	2 compression cylinder heat flow turbine work done schematic representation

????19	Blade
					????18	Water-filling nozzle		????37	Injector
????17	Vent valve		????36	Vent valve
					????16	Suction valve		????35	Nozzle
????15	Cylinder		????34	Blade
					????14	Lubricating pump		????33	Gas-collecting device
????13	Gear		????32	Piston
					????12	Air feed pump		????31	Connecting rod Xiao
????11	Raw water service pump		????30	Connecting rod
					????10	Oil feed pump		????29	Starter
????9	Gear		????28	Clutch
					????8	Cam		????27	Output shaft
????7	High pressure fuel pump		????26	Gear
					????6	Cylinder		????25	Impeller shaft
????5	The air inlet duct		????24	Bent axle
					????4	Suction valve		????23	Connecting rod
????3	Water-injecting cavity		????22	Connecting rod Xiao and piston
					????2	The firing chamber		????21	Generator
????1	Oil sprayer		????20	Gas-collecting device
					Fig. 4	Title	Heat flow turbine transmission of power schematic representation

????9	Nozzle		18	Connecting rod screw
							????8	Water jetting apparatus		17	Connecting rod	26	Shell
????7	The firing chamber		16	The impeller output shaft	25	Vent
							????6	Oil sprayer		15	Impeller bearing	24	Blade
????5	The primer control lever shaft		14	Impeller shaft	23	Lubricated axle pump
							????4	For fuel pump		13	Impeller	22	The crank spindle footpath
????3	The lubricant oil ventilating hole		12	The primer operating mechanism	21	The bent axle master gear
							????2	Crankshaft front bearing		11	Gas-collecting device	20	Gear
????1	Crankshaft front end		10	Blade	19	Connecting rod and connecting rod bearing
							Fig. 5-1	Title	Heat flow turbine entity schematic representation

????1	????2	????3	????4	????5
					Gas compressor	Primer	Turbine	Gas-collecting device	Exhauster

????11	Gas valve		22	Bent axle	33	Fuel filter
							????10	Nozzle		21	The operating mechanism axle	32	Relief opening
????9	Water jetting apparatus		20	Connecting rod	31	Body rack
							????8	Conduit pipe		19	Cylinder	30	Machine oil cooler
????7	High pressure fuel pump		18	Piston	29	Vent
							????6	Water pump		17	Piston Xiao	28	The turbine shell
????5	The primer firing chamber		16	Inlet hole	27	Starting motor
							????4	Oil sprayer		15	Cooling chamber	26	Oil sump
????3	Gas valve		14	Vent valve	25	Turbine shaft
							????2	Cooling water chamber		13	The primer firing chamber	24	Cylinder
????1	Water jetting apparatus		12	Oil sprayer	23	Piston
							Fig. 5-2	Title	Heat flow turbine entity schematic representation

????13	Water jetting apparatus		26	Connecting rod
							????12	Oil sprayer		25	Piston
????11	Gas valve		24	Gas-collecting device	37	Gas valve
							????10	Nozzle		23	Gas-collecting device	36	Blade
????9	Cylinder		22	Blade	35	Blade
							????8	Piston		21	Nozzle	34	The primer firing chamber
????7	Piston Xiao		20	Oil sprayer	33	Oil sprayer
							????6	Connecting rod		19	Water jetting apparatus	32	Gas-collecting device
????5	Bent axle		18	The primer firing chamber	31	Turbine shaft
							????4	Connecting rod		17	Gas valve	30	Cylinder
????3	Piston		16	Injector	29	Piston
							????2	Connecting rod Xiao		15	Nozzle	28	Bent axle
????1	Oil sprayer		14	The primer firing chamber	27	Clutch
							Fig. 6-1	Title	High-power heat flow turbine work done schematic representation

????12	Connecting rod		24	Piston	36	Blade
							????11	Clutch		23	Cylinder	35	Water jetting apparatus
????10	Piston		22	The primer firing chamber	34	Oil sprayer
							????9	Cylinder		21	Gas-collecting device	33	The primer firing chamber
????8	Nozzle		20	The gas collection supporting disk	32	Gas valve
							????7	The primer firing chamber		19	Gas-collecting device	31	Nozzle
????6	Gas valve		18	The primer firing chamber	30	Piston Xiao
							????5	Oil sprayer		17	Oil sprayer	29	Piston
????4	Water jetting apparatus		16	Piston	28	Connecting rod
							????3	Blade		15	Cylinder	27	Cylinder
????2	Gas-collecting device		14	Connecting rod	26	Bent axle
							????1	Gas-collecting device		13	Bent axle	25	Connecting rod
Fig. 6-2	Title	High-power heat flow turbine work done schematic representation

????16	Oil sprayer		32	Oil sprayer
							????15	Lubricating pump		31	The primer firing chamber
????14	Gear		30	Starting motor	46	Water jetting apparatus
							????13	Water pump		29	Starter receiver	45	Nozzle
????12	Clutch		28	Turbine	44	Oil sprayer
							????11	Gear		27	Water jetting apparatus	43	The primer firing chamber
????10	Cam		26	Nozzle	42	The tripping fuel pump
							????9	High pressure fuel pump		25	Blade and turbine shaft	41	Piston
????8	The primer firing chamber		24	Gas-collecting device	40	Connecting rod
							????7	Gas valve		23	Blade	39	Bent axle
????6	Oil sprayer		22	Gas-collecting device	38	Bearing
							????5	Water jetting apparatus		21	Water jetting apparatus	37	Gear
????4	Blade		20	Nozzle	36	Piston
							????3	Gas-collecting device		19	Gas valve	35	Gear
????2	Blade		18	Piston	34	Lubricating pump
							????1	Water jetting apparatus		17	The primer firing chamber	33	Cylinder
Fig. 7	Title	High-power heat flow turbine transmission of power schematic representation

????3	Gas-collecting device		6	Small end lid guard ring
							????2	Big end enclosing cover		5	The turbine bearing	8	The turbine shaft guard ring
????1	Little end cap		4	Primer	7	Cylinder
							Fig. 8	Title	High-power turbo machine end cap cylinder arrangement schematic representation

Explanatory memorandum

????19	Blade
					????18	Water-filling nozzle		????37	Injector
????17	Vent valve		????36	Vent valve
					????16	Suction valve		????35	Nozzle
????15	Cylinder		????34	Blade
					????14	Lubricating pump		????33	Gas-collecting device
????13	Gear		????32	Piston
					????12	Air feed pump		????31	Connecting rod Xiao
????11	Raw water service pump		????30	Connecting rod
					????10	Oil feed pump		????29	Starter
????9	Gear		????28	Clutch
					????8	Cam		????27	Output shaft
????7	High pressure fuel pump		????26	Gear
					????6	Cylinder		????25	Impeller shaft
????5	The air inlet duct		????24	Bent axle
					????4	Suction valve		????23	Connecting rod
????3	Water-injecting cavity		????22	Connecting rod Xiao and piston
					????2	The firing chamber		????21	Generator
????1	Oil sprayer		????20	Gas-collecting device
					Fig. 1	Title	Heat flow turbine transmission of power schematic representation

Claims (3)

1, the structural feature of constant volume type turbo machine and technical feature.

A, this structure are seen power transmission schematic representation 4, with structural representation 5-1 Fig. 5-2, to make things convenient for us be that hub head end is on the cylinder cap of a piston reciprocating type gas compressor gas compressor primer and venting gas appliance to be housed with the impeller for blade in order to narrate, gas-collecting device and power output clutch are equipped with in the impeller back, drag other mechanical work done.

B, gas compressor are the assemblying bodys that 1-8 cylinder is housed by a garden face, see that Fig. 8＜cylinder counts cylinder diameter and select according to actual needs〉its critical part has cylinder, piston, connecting rod, piston Xiao, connecting rod bearing, one-throw crankshaft, the main shaft bearing of crankshaft two end drags for the gear of accessory and operating mechanism and forms.

Bar linkage structure divides coaxial stand alone type and two kinds of coaxial composite-types (can select according to actual needs)

The cooling of c, gas compressor is to do the medium natural cooling with air.Parts are lubricated carries out mandatory lubricating by light lubricating oil by lubricating pump, bears a part of cooling task simultaneously.

The structure of d, primer and technology essential factor

The ignition process of reciprocating IC engine, be made up of cylinder and piston, complete for startability and burning, the countries in the world scientific and technical personnel have spent a lot of painstaking effort and financial resources, this produces the critical component that by product has very big influence to burning, and is double cautious in structure and design process.In order to reach the anticipation purpose, the piston that uses back and forth is that the combustion chambers of internal combustion engines design has two kinds of bodies, a kind of generation preheating turbine chamber, a kind of cylinder cap and piston head assemblying body at present.

The combustion process of heat flow turbine is an autonomous system.Be to be the center with the best combustion chamber, spray into fuel oil when improving compression ratio and form high-temperature high-pressure air flow when gas valve goes work done with best angle, spray into water and make it the air flow rate increase, pressure flow is all done one's best and is reached the target of anticipation and increase period of combustion like this, makes it harmful gas and reduces to minimum and eradicate and be purpose.

The air inlet of gas compressor is controlled by the primer vent valve, and gas compressor does not make porthole and the porthole control system has simplified air compressor structure like this.

The cooling design of primer is very crucial.

It is the most concentrated place of full machine metal original paper heat, so cooling is the link that must pay attention to very much, it is realized with light lubricating oil intensified pressure and flow with natural air cooled.Thereby cooling chamber big add simultaneously that oil radiator realizes.

The structure of e, turbine and type body

This heat flow turbine is a special member in the combustion gas turbine family, thereby also Chang Teshu of the structure of turbine.

It bears two kinds of requirements, and for guaranteeing that machine works is steady, there is generouser structure on the top with the stored energy balancing machine.Bear high-temperature high-pressure air flow on the other hand and impact the critical component that heat energy is become mechanical energy, again because be the core of machine, so requiring the perfect needs competent at a job of type physical efficiency simply is purpose with the type body again, it is to have on the blade garden big in a generation, middle garden wheel type body for the hollow support muscle, garden circle part has two effects greatly, and the one, stored energy over balance effect, the 2nd, a circle blade is housed heat energy is become mechanical energy.The hollow support muscle makes high temperature few axle and bearing passed to of trying one's best.Simultaneously in order to make up and install needs.

The making and settlement thinking of f, gas-collecting device and type body

Gas-collecting device is an ellipse garden by big gradually thin horn shape, it be equipped with two big key factors, the one, the side force of reducing axle for an impact force in another direction when blade withstands shocks power makes the machine rotation steady.The 2nd, make full use of heat energy, and can make suction function and the air of combustible fluid in the high-temperature high-flow rate process more mix the burning of increase amount of oxygen, make lengthening burning period of combustion that harmful side product is eradicated.Owing to discharge body under the very low situation of pressure, thereby noise also can be reduced to minimum Cheng Du.

2, the accessible technical order of this machine

The volume ratio reciprocating piston internal combustion engine of a, heat flow turbine is little by about 1/2, and horsepower increases.

B, heat flow turbine 2/3 are used fuel oil, and 1/3 water is cooked fuel, and a type can be used gasoline, diesel oil, kerosene, alcohol simultaneously.

C, frangible, the easy mill of heat flow turbine, rapid wear part in addition lack about 1/2 than piston reciprocating type, thereby increase working life.

D, heat flow turbine outputting power can be counted and pick up, and be hundreds of, thousands ofly has series of one's own to ten thousand horsepowers, and machine rotational speed still can keep 2000-6000 rev/min.

E, low cost of manufacture save material, and use manpower and material resources sparingly, and realize electromechanical integration easily.

F, utilization extensively, adaptability is strong, it is convenient to start, assurance property, mobility, commerciality is good, noise is little, the harmful gas discharge capacity is few, and the possibility of elimination is arranged, and helps environmental protection.

3, heat flow turbine is output as two gas compressors by thousands of horsepowers to ten thousand horsepowers, and impeller is the twi-tier blade structure, sees Fig. 6-1 Fig. 6-2 hotwork merit schematic representation, Fig. 7 power transmission schematic representation, and it can top outputting power and two kinds of axle outputting powers.

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