CN1211649A

CN1211649A - Washer

Info

Publication number: CN1211649A
Application number: CN98116957A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 今村文広; 池田博志; 松本悟; 牧野嘉幸
Original assignee: Toshiba Corp
Current assignee: Toshiba Corp
Priority date: 1997-08-29
Filing date: 1998-08-28
Publication date: 1999-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2018-08-28
Also published as: NZ331564A; JP3225008B2; KR100315555B1; KR19990086973A; JPH11128587A; CN1110594C; TW392015B

Abstract

A washer as a electromagnetic brake includes: a regenerative brake, a discharging brake and a short-circuit brake to simplify constitution thereof. Revolving driving a revolving tub and a stirrer by means of direct driving and composing one ore more brake apparatus. This enables expected improve effect of brake, prevent temperature ascending when the brake is put on and circuit elements damaging, also enables expected reduce vibration and noises when the brake is put on.

Description

Washing machine

The present invention relates to have the washing machine that stirring body and swivelling chute is rotated the brushless motor of driving.

As is generally known, in washing machine, can be arranged on the swivelling chute of the dehydration basket of holding concurrently as sink rotatably in the water jacket, simultaneously, can be arranged on stirring body rotatably on the inner bottom part of this swivelling chute.And, constitute stirring body and swivelling chute, so that utilize brushless motor that it is rotated driving.Under this formation situation, when operation washing running, under the state that braking makes it to stop to swivelling chute, make the rotational delay of brushless motor and send stirring body to, stirring body is carried out positive and negative rotation drive.Also have, when moving the dehydration running, remove braking, make the rotation of brushless motor not send swivelling chute and stirring body to with not slowing down, so that swivelling chute and stirring body are carried out high speed rotation driving swivelling chute.

, under the situation that brushless motor is stopped the rotation, because use mechanical braking can not seek the simplification of structure, so, can consider to use electric electromagnetic braking., the operating condition of above-mentioned brushless motor is different in washing running or dehydration running, also has, need braking during for during each running end of a period or in service at it.Thereby braking effect is poor sometimes to use the electromagnetic braking of single mode, and perhaps braking time becomes long, perhaps produces vibration and noise.

Particularly, considering that utilizing brushless motor that stirring body and swivelling chute are rotated with direct drive mode drives so that when seeking to reduce vibration and noise, here, also exist such problem: if adopt mechanical braking, produced by its vibration that causes and noise, even seek to reduce vibration and noise with direct drive mode not at all easyly, vibration and noise in can not seeking to reduce to brake are helpless to reduce whole vibration and noise.

Moreover the scheme of direct drive mode is as follows.

In washing machine, for the rotation of carrying out stirring body and swivelling chute drives, belt transmission agency, clutch mechanism, be equipped with planetary gear reduction etc. be arranged on from the brushless motor to the swivelling chute and the torque transmission path of stirring body in.In this constituted, it is heavy that the weight of whole washing machine becomes, and simultaneously, it is big that the size on above-below direction becomes, and also has, and produces very big noise when gear reduction moves.As its countermeasure, if utilize brushless motor that stirring body and swivelling chute are rotated driving with direct drive mode, just can not use belt transmission agency and gear reduction etc., can alleviate the weight of whole washing machine, simultaneously, can reduce the size on above-below direction, also have, can not have the action noise of gear.

The present invention In view of the foregoing proposes, its purpose is, provide such washing machine: relevant braking to the brushless motor rotation, compare with the situation that adopts mechanical brake device by adopting electromagnetic braking, can help the simplification that constitutes, and, good braking effect can be obtained, simultaneously, vibration in the time of can expecting to reduce to brake and noise.

The present invention the 1st aspect comprises:

Brushless motor is used for swivelling chute and stirring body are rotated driving;

Drive unit, its formation has DC power supply circuit, simultaneously, has the converter main circuit that comprises heterogeneous gapping switch element, is used for above-mentioned brushless motor is driven;

Regenerative braking device is used for the electromotive force of above-mentioned brushless motor is regenerated to above-mentioned DC power supply circuit;

The discharge brake apparatus is used to utilize be connected to above-mentioned converter main circuit and import arresting element between the side two ends, and above-mentioned electromotive force is consumed;

Short-circuit braking is used for above-mentioned brushless motor short circuit in winding.

In this constitutes, comprise as electro-magnetic braking device: regenerative braking device, discharge brake apparatus, short-circuit braking, compare the simplification that can seek to constitute with the situation of using mechanical brake device.In this brake apparatus respectively, the rotating speed of the degree that braking effect, vibration and noise produce motor during and difference with braking.In washing machine, need braking during for running at the end or in operation process, but, compare with the situation of using single electro-magnetic braking device by means of comprising these a plurality of electro-magnetic braking devices, can expect to improve braking effect, simultaneously, vibration in the time of can also expecting to reduce to brake and noise.

The present invention the 2nd aspect comprises:

Brushless motor is used for direct drive mode swivelling chute and stirring body being rotated driving;

Drive unit, its formation has the DC current circuit, simultaneously, has the converter main circuit that comprises heterogeneous gapping switch element, is used for above-mentioned brushless motor is driven;

The discharge brake apparatus is used under the state of above-mentioned DC power supply circuit and above-mentioned converter main circuit cut-out utilization and is connected to converter main circuit and imports arresting element between the side two ends, and above-mentioned electromotive force is consumed;

In this constitutes, because swivelling chute and stirring body are rotated driving with direct drive mode, so, can seek to reduce vibration and noise.And, comprise as electro-magnetic braking device: regenerative braking device, discharge brake apparatus, short-circuit braking, compare the simplification that can seek to constitute with the situation of using mechanical brake device.In this brake apparatus respectively, the rotating speed of the degree that braking effect, vibration and noise produce motor during and difference with braking.In washing machine, need braking during for running at the end or in operation process, but, compare with the situation of using single electro-magnetic braking device by means of comprising these a plurality of electro-magnetic braking devices, can expect to improve braking effect, simultaneously, vibration in the time of can also expecting to reduce to brake and noise can seek to reduce vibration and noise effectively as the whole washing machine.

The present invention the 3rd aspect is characterised in that: when brushless motor is braked, the brake apparatus more than 1 or 2 is combined.

Regenerative braking device is the device of the electromotive force of brushless motor to above-mentioned DC power supply circuit regeneration, regenerative braking device provides excellent braking effect when motor rotary speed is higher, the emergency that can adapt to braking, but, on the other hand, it is not suitable for the braking under the low speed state, also has, if it is excessive that the motor electro gesture becomes, the component of converter main circuit or DC power supply circuit is damaged.

The discharge brake apparatus is to import the used up device of electromotive force that arresting element between the side two ends makes motor by being connected to converter main circuit under the state of DC power supply circuit and above-mentioned converter main circuit cut-out, excellent braking effect is provided when motor rotary speed is high, particularly in the regenerative braking device run duration when regenerative current is excessive, switch to this discharge braking mostly.Yet, rise with temperature in this case.

If from motor rotary speed is that high-speed state begins to use continuously short-circuit braking, then until low speed state can both expect to have braking effect, its braking effect is not little also little.Yet, if be to use this short-circuit braking under the low speed state peremptorily, brake peremptorily at motor rotary speed, produce the noise that vibration and vibration cause sometimes.

So, in aspect the present invention the 3rd, because when brushless motor is braked, the brake apparatus more than 1 or 2 is combined, so, can or make braking effect preferential, temperature when perhaps one side obtains good braking effect and simultaneously prevents to brake rises or prevents the damage of component, perhaps seeks to reduce vibration and noise.

The present invention the 4th aspect is characterised in that: the running content according to washing combines the brake apparatus more than 1 or 2.

In this constitutes, can perhaps obtain good braking effect according to the running content of washing, prevent that perhaps temperature when braking from rising or prevent the damage of component, seeks to reduce vibration and noise.

The present invention the 5th aspect is characterised in that: under the situation that makes the regenerative braking device operation, make the short-circuit braking operation before this.

Make regenerative braking device when operation, though exist the high advantage of braking effect under the high situation of motor rotary speed,, the possibility that regenerative current becomes and has after excessive the component that makes DC power supply circuit or converter main circuit to damage.Yet, because under the situation that makes the regenerative braking device operation, short-circuit braking has been moved, so, before the regenerative braking device operation, can utilize the motor short circuit in winding that the electromotive force of motor is consumed, can prevent in possible trouble that regenerative current becomes excessive when regenerative braking device moves, and can prevent to damage the component of DC power supply circuit or converter main circuit.

The present invention the 6th aspect is characterised in that: the switching device shifter that is used for switching following 2 kinds of states is set, promptly, the state that is connected to converter main circuit on the DC power supply circuit and converter main circuit is cut off arresting element, and the state that converter main circuit is cut off and converter main circuit is connected arresting element from DC power supply circuit; Short-circuit braking and discharge brake apparatus have been moved, and, when short-circuit braking moves, utilize above-mentioned switching device shifter that DC power supply circuit and converter main circuit are cut off, converter main circuit is connected with arresting element.

Make regenerative braking device when operation, though exist the high advantage of braking effect under the high situation of motor rotary speed,, the possibility that regenerative current becomes and has after excessive the component that makes DC power supply circuit or converter main circuit to damage.Yet,, can prevent to damage component by means of short-circuit braking and discharge brake apparatus have been moved.; when making the operation of discharge brake apparatus; sometimes between converter main circuit and DC power supply circuit, produce potential difference by means of the motor electro gesture; under this state; if utilize switching device shifter that following 2 kinds of states are switched; promptly; converter main circuit is connected on the DC power supply circuit; and the state that converter main circuit is cut off arresting element; and converter main circuit cut off from DC power supply circuit; and the state that converter main circuit is connected arresting element; when switching device shifter carried out change action, perhaps spark splashed or produces contact and does replacement.In the above-mentioned formation in this case, because be short-circuit braking operation the time the carrying out change action that between DC power supply circuit and converter main circuit, does not produce potential difference, so, produce spark in the time of can preventing this change action or produce contact melting welding.

The present invention the 7th aspect is characterised in that: different with the combination of the brake apparatus in turning round that dewaters in the washing running.

In this constitutes, can perhaps obtain good braking effect respectively according to washing running and dehydration running, perhaps prevent temperature when braking rise or prevent component damage, seek to reduce vibration and noise.

The present invention the 8th aspect is characterised in that: the combination of brake apparatus has or not emergency and difference when brushless motor is braked.

When needs are braked, situation that needs emergency and the situation that does not need emergency are so arranged.Needing under the situation of emergency, even temperature rises or produces the combination that the high brake apparatus of braking effect is also adopted in vibration; Under the situation that does not need emergency, because the braking effect that relaxes is just passable, so, preferably the combination that prevents that temperature from rising and preventing to produce the preferential brake apparatus of vibration.So, in the above-described configuration, because the combination of brake apparatus has or not emergency when brushless motor is braked and is different, so, when this emergency, can brake at short notice; Simultaneously, when not having emergency, can one side seek effectively to prevent that temperature from rising and prevent that generation from vibrating, one side is braked more lenitively.

The present invention the 9th aspect is characterised in that, is provided with:

Discharge circuit, its constitute arresting element be connected in series with switch element according to coming across the discharge that the motor induced voltage on the converter main circuit moves, simultaneously, capacitor and this series circuit are connected in parallel, the one end are connected on cathode output end of above-mentioned DC power supply circuit;

Be used for switching the switching device shifter of following 2 kinds of states, promptly, coupling together between electrode input end of the cathode output end of DC power supply circuit and converter main circuit and the 1st state that cuts off between the other end of the electrode input end of converter main circuit and above-mentioned discharge circuit, and the 2nd state that couples together between the other end of cut-out and and above-mentioned discharge circuit the electrode input end of converter main circuit between electrode input end of and converter main circuit the cathode output end of DC power supply circuit;

When the operation of discharge brake apparatus, make above-mentioned switching device shifter become the 2nd state.

Under the situation of braking under the state that motor rotates at a high speed, from preventing vibrative viewpoint, preferably make the motor outage at first, do not rotate.In the motor of this situation, produce induced voltage.When this motor induced voltage is big, sometimes converter main circuit and DC power supply circuit are produced harmful effect.At this moment, preferably make the operation of discharge brake apparatus.So, in the above-described configuration, when the operation of discharge brake apparatus, make above-mentioned switching device shifter become the 2nd state.So according to the motor induced voltage and break-make, the electromotive force of motor consumes by arresting element, brakes with switch element in discharge.

Because the on-off action of this discharging switch element carries out with upper frequency, so, the possibility that produces noise is arranged, but, in the above-described configuration, use on the series circuit of switch element with discharge because capacitor is parallel-connected to arresting element, so, can suppress above-mentioned generating noise.Moreover, even suppose capacitor is fixedly connected to and also can help the noise that suppresses to produce between the input two-terminal of converter main circuit, but, in this case, because big charging and discharging currents flows in this capacitor of being everlasting, so, need its capacity greater than capacitor as the needed condenser capacity of noise filter.In the above-mentioned formation of this point because only when switching device becomes the 2nd state this capacitor just be used, promptly only when arresting element is used this capacitor just be used as noise filter, so, do not need big capacitance.

The present invention the 10th aspect is characterised in that: the charging resistor of when switching device shifter is in the 1st state capacitor being charged is connected in series on this capacitor.

When switching device shifter is in the 1st state, dc source is applied on the converter main circuit from DC power supply circuit, motor rotates according to operational situation.When its running end of a period was braked it, switching device shifter carried out change action to the 2 states.In this case, when switching device shifter is in the 1st state, by charging resistor capacitor is charged, cathode output end of DC power supply circuit becomes idiostatic with discharge circuit, thereby, when switching device shifter carries out change action to the 2 states, do not have spark to splash or do not produce contact melting welding.

The present invention the 11st aspect is characterised in that: diode from electricity to DC power supply circuit one and charging resistor that the electric charge that is used to make capacitor is sidelong are connected in parallel.

Be under the 1st state, the rotating situation of motor at switching device shifter, for example, perhaps one has a power failure, and perhaps one attaching plug is pulled up, and the output voltage of DC power supply circuit just reduces at once.At this moment because charge charging to capacitor, so the terminal voltage of capacitor has relatively surpassed the output voltage of DC power supply circuit, makes diode current flow, the electric charge of capacitor is by the discharge of this diode pair DC power supply circuit.

At this moment, DC power supply circuit one side and discharge circuit one side are roughly idiostatic.Even switch under the 2nd state, also or do not have spark to splash or also do not produce contact melting welding at switching device shifter under this state.In this case, switching device shifter switches the 1st state that remains on when given operation voltage; When below given operation voltage, (comprising outage), be suitable for situation about constituting, the spark in the time of can helping to prevent when having a power failure or pull out attaching plug in its relay switch or the generation of contact melting welding by the relay switch that becomes the 2nd state.

The present invention the 12nd aspect is characterised in that, make with brushless motor phase current magnitude unanimity the time sort run the time zone skew of switch element conducting come.

In the sequential of brushless motor phase current magnitude unanimity, the time sequential corresponding to the switch element conducting of each phase of converter main circuit is identical sometimes.At this moment, big spark current flows in converter main circuit, produces noise.Yet, in the above-described configuration because make with brushless motor phase current magnitude unanimity the time sort run the time valve zone skew of switch element conducting come, so, can reduce the generation of big spark current, can help to prevent generating noise.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the circuit structure diagram that the automatic washing machine of one embodiment of the invention is shown;

Fig. 2 is the vertical profile side view of automatic washing machine;

Fig. 3 is the vertical profile side view of the driving mechanism portion of stirring body and swivelling chute;

Fig. 4 is the decomposition axonometric drawing of brushless motor stator;

Fig. 5 is the decomposition axonometric drawing of brushless motor and clutch;

Fig. 6 is the axonometric drawing of clutch and control lever;

Fig. 7 illustrates the different switching states of clutch, is equivalent to the figure of Fig. 3;

Fig. 8 is the sequential chart of the sinusoidal wave energising of brushless motor;

Fig. 9 is the figure that the content of mode of braking is shown;

Figure 10 is the figure that the use content of mode of braking is shown;

Figure 11 is the figure of the rotation speed change situation of motor when the washing running is shown;

The figure of the rotation speed change situation of motor when Figure 12 is the dehydration running that illustrates under each mode of braking;

The figure of the rotation speed change situation of motor when Figure 13 is the dehydration running that illustrates under another mode of braking;

Figure 14 is for partly illustrating the figure of U phase, V phase power on signal;

Figure 15 is the figure that the power on signal specific part is shown;

Figure 16 is the figure that the variation of the break-make situation of switch element and DC (direct current) line current is shown;

Figure 17 is the U phase that the expression reference example partly is shown, the figure of V phase power on signal;

Figure 18 is the figure that is equivalent to Figure 15;

Figure 19 is the figure that is equivalent to Figure 16;

Figure 20 is the figure that the current situation that is accompanied by the switch element break-make is shown.

Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, illustrate about the present invention being applied to the embodiment on the automatic washing machine.At first, in the whole Fig. 2 that constitutes of automatic washing machine is shown, be the water jacket of the water of accepting dehydration that water reception tank 2 is supported in the outer container 1 by resilient suspension mechanism 3 elasticity.Is dual-purpose the inside that the swivelling chute 4 of sink and dehydration basket can be configured in this water reception tank 2 rotatably.Can be configured in stirring body 5 rotatably on the inner bottom part of this swivelling chute 4.

Above-mentioned swivelling chute 4 is made of following part: form groove body 4a roughly cylindraceous, in order to form water flowing is arranged on this groove body 4a inboard with the space inner core 4b, be arranged on the gimbal 4c on the upper end of groove body 4a.When this swivelling chute 4 being rotated driving, inner water rises because of the inner peripheral surface of centrifugal force along groove body 4a, and the dewatering hole portion (not shown) that forms by the top at groove body 4a sprays in water reception tank 2.

Also have,, on the right part, form water discharge outlet 6 among Fig. 2, on this water discharge outlet 6, be provided with draining valve 7, simultaneously, connecting drainpipe 8 in the bottom of water reception tank 2.Above-mentioned draining valve 7 is by the valve as draining valve motor 9 (referring to Fig. 1) driven for opening and closing of aftermentioned draining valve drive unit, is so-called motor type draining valve.Above-mentioned draining valve motor 9 for example can be made of geared motor.And then, in the bottom of water reception tank 2, form auxiliary water discharge outlet 6a among Fig. 2 on the left part, this auxiliary water discharge outlet 6a is connected on the drainpipe 8 by not shown connecting piece.When making swivelling chute 4 dewater rotation, above-mentioned auxiliary water discharge outlet 6a is used for the water of portion's dehydration ejection in water reception tank 2 is from it discharged.

Also have, still as shown in Figure 3, portion of mechanism base 10 is installed on the outer bottom of water reception tank 2.On the central portion of this portion of mechanism base 10, support tube portion 11 to form axle in the upwardly extending mode of upper and lower.The fluted shaft 12 of hollow form is freely run through the inside that is supported in this support tube portion 11 by bearing 13,13 rotations.Shaft 14 is freely run through the inside that is supported in this fluted shaft 12 by bearing 15,15 rotations.The upper and lower end parts of this shaft 14 is stretched out from fluted shaft 12.

And then the upper end of the axle of portion of mechanism base 10 being supported tube portion 11 is fitted in the impenetrating mouth 2a of portion of the bottom centre formation of water reception tank 2 by sealing gasket 16.Axle is supported water-stop between the impenetrating mouth 2a of the upper end of tube portion 11 and water reception tank 2 by sealing pad 16.And then also between the outer peripheral face that sealing gasket 16 is set to fluted shaft 12 and the upper end of support tube portion 11, between carries out water-stop.Flange part 12a is formed in the upper end of fluted shaft 12.Swivelling chute 4 is fixed to this flange part 12a by 17 bindings of groove supporting plate.Thus, the mode of swivelling chute 4 with the one rotation is installed on the fluted shaft 12.Also have, still as shown in Figure 2, owing to stirring body 5 is fitted to and with the upper end of bolting, so the mode that stirring body 5 is rotated with one is installed on the shaft 14 to shaft 14.

Moreover, still as shown in Figure 2, draining bar 18 is installed on the central part and the part between the water discharge outlet 6 on the inner bottom part of water reception tank 2.Form 6 drainage channels 19 that are communicated with by this draining bar 18 from the through hole 4d on the bottom that is arranged on swivelling chute 4 to water discharge outlet.Under the situation of this formation, when under the state of draining valve 7 lockings in swivelling chute 4 during feedwater, water is stored in the swivelling chute 4 and in the above-mentioned drainage channel 19.Then, when open row water valve 7, the water in the swivelling chute 4 is by through hole 4d, drainage channel 19, water discharge outlet 6, draining valve 7, drainpipe 8, draining.

So, the brushless motor 20 of for example outer-rotor type is arranged on portion of the mechanism base 10 of outer bottom of water reception tank 2.Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, in the mode that becomes concentric with shaft 14 stator 21 of brushless motor 20 is fixed clampingly on portion of the mechanism base 10 by ladder screw 22.As shown in Figure 4, said stator 21 is made of following part: laminate core 23, last winding skeleton 24, following winding skeleton 25, winding 26 (with reference to Fig. 3).As shown in Figure 4,3 unit core 23a of circular arc couple together with annular forming roughly, constitute above-mentioned laminate core 23.Also have, form upper and lower winding

skeleton

24,25 by plastics, with it on upper and lower each T shape part that is fitted to laminate core 23.And, winding 26 is wound on the periphery of the winding

skeleton

24,25 after chimeric.As shown in fig. 1, above-mentioned winding 26 is made of 3 phase winding 26U, 26V, 26W.

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 3, the rotor 27 of brushless motor 20 is installed to the bottom of shaft 14, so that one rotation with it.Above-mentioned rotor 27 is made of rotor case 28, rotor yoke 29, rotor magnet 30., for example form rotor case 28 by aluminium die casting here, heart portion forms lug boss 28a therein, simultaneously, forms the magnet configuration 28b of portion at its peripheral part.Be fixed in the above-mentioned lug boss 28a the bottom of shaft 14 is chimeric.

Also have, the above-mentioned magnet configuration 28b of portion comprises horizontal part and vertical component effect, and above-mentioned rotor yoke 29 is connected on the inner face of vertical component effect, simultaneously, utilizes bolt that above-mentioned rotor yoke 29 is fixed on the horizontal part.And, for example a plurality of rotor magnets 30 are installed on the inner face of this rotor yoke 29 by bonding.Also have, still as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, many muscle 28c are set on the part relative with the winding 26 of stator 21 on the peripheral part of rotor case 28 with radial stretching out.And then, a plurality of protuberance 28d are set to above rotor case 28 middle bodies with radial stretching out around the axle center.These a plurality of protuberance 28d constitute engaging piece.

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 3, the detecting apparatus for rotor position as the position of rotation of the rotor magnet 30 of detection rotor 27 (only illustrates 31a to for example 3 Hall IC 31a, 31b, 31c in the figure; In Fig. 1,31a, 31b, 31c are shown) be installed on the peripheral part of portion of mechanism housing 10 by anchor clamps 32.Dispose above-mentioned Hall IC 31a, 31b, 31c, so that position sensor signal Ha, Hb, Hc are offset 120 ° as shown in Fig. 8 (b).Moreover, set the position relation of each Hall IC 31a, 31b, 31c and rotor 27, so that export high level, low level data signal in a certain Phase synchronization ground of induced voltage mutually with each.

So, clutch 32 is set to the bottom of fluted shaft 12.This clutch 32 has the function of switching following form, when the dehydration running, makes the connection form of rotor 27, shaft 14 and the rotation of fluted shaft 12 one that is:; And when the washing running, make fluted shaft 12 not remove form with being connected of rotor 27 and the rotation of shaft 14 one.Below, specifically describe relevant this clutch 32.At first, as shown in Figure 6, clutch 32 is made of the support 34 that forms rectangular box-like changer lever 33, be configured in this changer lever inside.

Above-mentioned support 34 is installed to the bottom of fluted shaft 12, so that this support and the rotation of fluted shaft one.Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, on the outer peripheral face of fluted shaft 12 bottoms, form a pair of smooth facial 12b, 12b.And on the middle body of support 34, chimeric embedded hole 34a is carried out in the bottom that forms above-mentioned fluted shaft 12.On the inner face of this embedded hole 34a, form the smooth face be connected on fluted shaft 12 smooth facial 12b, the 12b.Also have, in Fig. 5 of support 34 on the outside of left part, form section and prop up recess 34b for semicircular pivot roughly.Under the situation of above-mentioned formation, under the state that the bottom of fluted shaft 12 is inserted among the embedded hole 34a that is fitted to support 34, utilize bolt that support 34 is fixed on the fluted shaft 12.And then, for example ripple pad 35 is configured between support 34 and the lower bearing 13.Lower bearing 13 is by this ripple pad 35 plus-pressure upward.

On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, constitute changer lever 33,, make it and support 34 and the rotation of fluted shaft 12 one so that by support 34 is fitted in the inside.On inner face one side of the base end part 33a of above-mentioned changer lever 33 (among Fig. 5, the left part), it is chimeric that the pivot of formation and support 34 props up recess 34b, and section is roughly semicircular pivot and props up protuberance 33b (with reference to Fig. 3).In this case, pivot is propped up the telescoping part that protuberance 33b and pivot prop up recess 34b constitute changer lever 33, so that upwards carry out rotational action at upper and lower as rotating fulcrum.

Also have, as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, elbow formula spring 36 is set between changer lever 33 and the support 34.Constitute changer lever 33, so as to utilize the elastic force of this elbow formula spring 36 to make it to remain under the state (with reference to Fig. 2) that moves on the turned position up or, remain on below under the state (with reference to Fig. 7) that moves on the turned position.And,

protuberance

33d and 33e are stretched out the upper and lower part that is set to changer lever 33 leading section 33c.Also have, the portion 33f of being operated is stretched out on the outside that is set to changer lever 33 leading section 33c.

On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, below static position is portion of mechanism base 10 centers one side part, form recess 37 in the mode corresponding with the protuberance 33d on changer lever 33 tops.Under the situation of this formation, as changer lever 33 upward during rotational action (with reference to Fig. 2, this situation for the washing running time), the protuberance 33d of changer lever 33 is fitted in the recess 37 of portion of mechanism base 10.Thus, fluted shaft 12 and then rotating shaft 4 is fixed to static position is on portion of the mechanism base 10.And, under the chimerism of above-mentioned recess 37 and protuberance 33d, have only fluted shaft 12 not become and remove form with the connection of rotor 27 and shaft 14 rotations.Connecting under the situation of removing form, directly be rotated driving by 20 pairs of shafts 14 of brushless motor and stirring body 5.Moreover, rotor 27 and shaft 14 are linked up, so that with equally carrying out the one rotation originally.

In contrast, as changer lever 33 downwards during rotational action (with reference to Fig. 7, this situation for the dehydration running time), the protuberance 33e of changer lever 33 bottoms is engaged between a plurality of protuberance 28d above the rotor case 28.Thus, fluted shaft 12 and rotor 27 (and shaft 14) the connection form of rotation that becomes one.Under the situation that connects form, directly be rotated driving by 20 pairs of fluted shafts 12 of brushless motor, swivelling chute 4, shaft 14 and stirring body 5.The result is, brushless motor 20 is rotated driving with direct drive mode to stirring body 5 or stirring body 5 and swivelling chute 4.

Also have, control lever 38 can rotary axis of earth be propped up among Fig. 3 of portion of mechanism base 10 on the right part.As shown in Figure 6, the leading section of this control lever 38 with two forked separating, is formed downward inclined plane 38a on the leading section of a fork (among Fig. 6, right-hand) therein, simultaneously, on the leading section of another fork (among Fig. 6, left), form downward inclined plane 38b.In this case, when make control lever 38 when a direction is rotated by the draining valve motor 9 that draining valve 7 is driven, 38 downward inclined plane 38a push the 33f of the portion that is operated of the changer lever 33 of clutch 32 downwards by control lever, make this changer lever 33 rotational action downwards, become the state shown in Fig. 7.The state of this Fig. 7 makes draining valve 7 open corresponding to the dehydration running.

On the other hand, under the state of this Fig. 7, when 9 outages of draining valve motor, elastic force by draining valve 7 back-moving springs makes control lever 38 rotate to reverse directions, the inclined plane 38b that is made progress by control lever 38 pushes the 33f of the portion that is operated of above-mentioned changer lever 33 upward, make this changer lever 33 rotational action upward, become the state shown in Fig. 2.The state of this Fig. 2 makes draining valve 7 obturations corresponding to the washing running.

Secondly, with reference to Fig. 1, illustrate that the circuit of relevant above-mentioned automatic washing machine constitutes.In this Fig. 1, two terminals of AC power 39 (one of them is by choke coil 40) are connected on the input terminal of rectification circuit 41.Filter condenser 42a, 42b are connected between the lead-out terminal of rectification circuit 41, constitute by this filter condenser 42a, 42b and rectification circuit 41 as the DC power supply circuit 43 of voltage doubling rectifing circuit.These DC power supply circuit 43 outputs are 280 volts DC voltage for example.

The output line that the constant voltage circuit 45 that dc constant voltage is offered following microcomputer 63 grades is connected to this DC power supply circuit 43 is between cathode power supply line 44a, the anode power cord 44b.Then, the lead-out terminal 44A of the cathode power supply line 44a of DC power supply circuit 43, on input terminal 47A as the NO terminal (Chang Kaiduan) of the relay switch 46 of switching device shifter and the DC line 47a that COM terminal (public terminal) is connected to converter main circuit 47; The other end is connected on the input terminal 47B of another DC line 47b of converter main circuit 47.

Above-mentioned relay switch 46 has above-mentioned NO terminal and COM terminal and NC terminal (normally closed terminal), carry out change action by relay drive circuit 46a, when relay drive circuit 46a makes the energising of not shown relay winding, just be connected (becoming the 1st state) between COM terminal and the NO terminal, just automatically couple together between COM terminal and the NC terminal when making it to cut off the power supply (becoming the 2nd state).Moreover relay drive circuit 46a until the output voltage of DC power supply circuit 43 is below 50 volts the time, all remains the 1st state under keeping the state of the 1st state.Under above-mentioned the 1st state, be connected between the sub-44A of the cathode output end of DC power supply circuit 43 and the sub-47A of the electrode input end of converter main circuit 47 and, cut off between the other end of sub-47A of the electrode input end of converter main circuit 47 and following discharge circuit 48, under the 2nd state, cut off between the sub-47A of electrode input end of sub-44A of the cathode output end of DC power supply circuit 43 and converter main circuit 47 and, be connected between the other end of the sub-47A of the electrode input end of converter main circuit 47 and discharge circuit 48.

Discharge circuit 48 as electric discharge device is connected between the sub-47B of negative input of the NC terminal of above-mentioned relay switch 46 and converter main circuit 47.Discharge resistance 49 as arresting element is connected in series with switch element 50 with discharge, constitutes this discharge circuit 48.Then, capacitor 51 (being equivalent to said capacitor in the present invention the 8th aspect) and this discharge resistance 49 and the series circuit of discharge with switch element 50 are connected in parallel.The control terminal of above-mentioned switch element 50 (grid) for example is connected on the drive circuit 52 that is made of photoelectrical coupler.

And then, and capacitor 51 become be connected in series the relation charging resistor 53 be connected between the sub-47A of electrode input end and discharge circuit 48 of converter main circuit 47; And then, diode 54 (being equivalent to said diode in the present invention the 10th aspect) and this charging resistor 53 are connected in parallel.Also have, regeneration with between the COM terminal of diode 55 and above-mentioned relay switch 46 and the NO terminal side by side, be connected between the input terminal 47A of the lead-out terminal 44A of DC power supply circuit 43 and converter main circuit 47.Also have, be provided with bleeder circuit 56, be used to detect the voltage of 47 1 DC lines of converter main circuit 47a as voltage check device.The voltage that is detected by this voltage-dividing detection circuit 56 is offered following microcomputer 63.

Also have, converter main circuit 47 is made of following part: the switch element 57a～57f that is made of for example IGBT of 3 phase bridge joints; Be parallel-connected to the fly-wheel diode 58a～58f on these switch elements 57a～57f respectively.And, lead-out terminal 59U, 59V, the 59W of above-mentioned converter main circuit 47 are connected on the 3 phase winding 26U, 26V, 26W of brushless motor 20.Also have, the control terminal of converter main circuit 47 each switch element 57a～57f (grid) for example is connected on the drive circuit 60 that is made of photoelectrical coupler.By this drive circuit 60 of signal controlling, so that above-mentioned each switch element 57a～57f is carried out break-make control from pwm circuit 61.Drive unit 62 is made of following part: DC power supply circuit 43, converter main circuit 47, drive circuit 60 and pwm circuit 61.

Said PWM circuit 61 is included in the inner device that produces the triangular signal of given frequency, should form sinusoidal wave winding current, form driving signal Vup, Vun, Vvp, Vvn, Vwp, Vwn based on power on signal DU, the DV, the DW that accept from following microcomputer 63, so that it is outputed on the drive circuit 60.Moreover, drive signal Vup, Vun shown in Fig. 8 (d).

On the other hand, constitute Hall IC 31a, the 31b from brushless motor 20, position sensor signal Ha, Hb, the Hc of 31c output, so that provide to above-mentioned microcomputer 63.And then, constitute microcomputer 63, with the water-supply valve 64 that above-mentioned draining valve 7 is carried out the draining valve motor 9 of driven for opening and closing and to swivelling chute 4 in, the feed water control of switching on.

Also have, constitute microcomputer 63, so that accept column signal down: from voltage based on AC power 39, the failure detection signal of the power cut detection circuit 65 that power failure is detected; Water level detecting signal from the level sensor 66 that the water level in the swivelling chute 4 is detected; The switching detection signal of the lid switch 68 that detects from open and-shut mode to the lid on the top that is arranged on outer container 1 67 (with reference to Fig. 2); From the switching signal that is arranged on the various console switch 69 on the not shown operation board.

This microcomputer 63 has: to the switch on function of driving control device of control of brushless motor 20, and the function that the running integral body of automatic washing machine is controlled, and produce motor 20 is carried out electro-magnetic braking functions; The control program that is used for these and move the needed data of these programs, store into and be arranged among the inner ROM.And, in this case, switch element 57a～the 57f of 63 pairs of converter main circuits 47 of microcomputer, discharge are controlled with switch element 50, relay switch 46, so that except making regenerative braking, discharge braking, short-circuit braking generation, can also produce soft braking.Secondly, the action of relevant each braking is described.

Regenerative braking is the braking that produces regenerative braking, the current phase of Liu Donging is in the powered-on mode of lagging phase to the phase place of the induced voltage that produces among winding 26u, the 26v of motor 20, the 26w in each phase, by switch element 57a～57f being carried out break-make control the energy of motor is regenerated to DC power supply circuit 43 1 sides with diode 55 by regeneration.Thereby switch element break-make control function and regeneration diode 55 by microcomputer 63 produces constitute regenerative braking device.

This regenerative braking is characterised in that: excellent braking effect is provided when the rotating speed of motor 20 is higher, the emergency that can adapt to braking, but, on the other hand, it is not suitable for the braking (because of the regenerating power step-down) under the low speed state, also have, excessive if the motor electro gesture becomes, will the component of converter main circuit 47 or DC power supply circuit 43 be damaged.

The discharge braking is the braking that produces like this, the current phase of Liu Donging is in the powered-on mode of lagging phase to the phase place of the induced voltage that produces among winding 26u, the 26v of motor 20, the 26w in each phase, by switch element 57a～57f being carried out break-make control, simultaneously, relay switch 46 switched between COM terminal and the NC terminal couple together, when the detection voltage of foundation bleeder circuit 56 surpasses the given voltage of the upper limit (expression DC line 47a become 400 volts voltage), make discharge by discharge resistance 49 motor energy be consumed with switch element 50 conductings.In this case, when above-mentioned detection voltage is lower than the given voltage of lower limit (expression DC line 47a become 350 volts voltage), discharge is cut off with switch element 50.Thereby, control function, relay switch 46, bleeder circuit 56, discharge circuit 48 by switch element 57a～57f and discharge that microcomputer 63 produces with the break-make of switch element 50, constitute the discharge brake apparatus.That is, this discharge brake apparatus moves according to the induced voltage of motor 20 when regenerative braking device moves.

The feature of this discharge braking is, excellent braking effect is provided when the rotating speed of motor 20 is high, particularly in the regenerative braking device run duration when regenerative current is excessive, switch to this discharge mostly and brake.Yet, rise with temperature in this case.

Short-circuit braking is performed such braking, and the downside among the switch element 57a～57f of converter main circuit 47 3 switch element 57b, 57d, 57f are carried out conducting control simultaneously, makes winding 26u, the 26v of

motor

20,26w all become short-circuit condition.Thereby the switch element 57a～57f break-make control function that is produced by microcomputer 63 constitutes short-circuit braking.

The feature of this short-circuit braking is, if be that high-speed state begins to use continuously short-circuit braking from the rotating speed of motor 20, then until low speed state can both obtain braking effect, its braking effect is not little also little.Yet, if be to carry out this short-circuit braking under the low speed state peremptorily, brake peremptorily at the rotating speed of motor 20, produce the noise that vibration and vibration cause sometimes.

Soft braking is performed such the braking of braking, makes that lentamente the input duty cycle to the output voltage that is added to the DC power supply circuit 43 on the motor 20 reduces, until zero.Thereby the switch element 59a～57f break-make control function that is produced by microcomputer 63 constitutes soft brake.The feature of this soft braking is, braking effect is slow, and still, vibration and noise are little, is particularly suitable for the situation that rotating speed at motor 20 is braked when low.

Also have, except above-mentioned brake apparatus, as also having: initial idling device, common idling device, positioner with the related brake apparatus of braking.

Initial idling device utilizes microcomputer 63 that switch element 57a～57f is all cut off and makes motor 20 idle running, at this moment, is used to position sensor signal Ha, the Hb from Hall IC 31a, 31b, 31c, the rotating speed that Hc detects motor 20.

Usually idling device utilizes microcomputer 63 that switch element 57a～57f is all cut off and makes motor 20 idle running, at this moment, does not detect rotating speed.

Positioner carries out break-make control so that motor 20 rotates with extremely slow speed to switch element 57a～57f, as shown in Figure 11, because this positioner moved in the utmost point short time (0.5 second), so can regard as: motor 20 under static state is positioned.

And, when braking, microcomputer 63 combines above-mentioned brake apparatus and brakes, and has as shown in Figure 9 as this braking compound mode: " weak braking " mode, " common braking " mode, " forcing moving " mode, " brake hard " mode, " washing braking " mode.

" washing braking " mode is used to operate as when washing running, and as shown in Figure 11, its moves after positive rotation and contrary rotation; As shown in Figure 9, move the initial given time (from given dutycycle, until zero) by soft brake; Then, run to by short-circuit braking always and stop the rotation; Then, by the given time (0.5 second) of positioner operation.Should " washing braking " mode when the washing running, use.

" weak braking " mode is used for: the dewatering time that the running that is equivalent to dewater sets expired this running when formally having ended, when having operated the power cut-out switch of console switch 69 or pause switch, the arbitrary condition when lid 67 has been opened in (this is by 68 detections of lid switch), and the rotating speed that makes initial idling device (comprise rotating speed detect) motor 20 when having moved 40ms (millisecond) is during less than 300r.p.m.

Should " weak braking " mode be connected on after the operation of above-mentioned initial idling device, common idling device is run to always passed through 400ms; Make soft brake operation given time (from given dutycycle, until zero) thereafter; Then, short-circuit braking being run to always stops the rotation.

" common braking " mode is used for: the dewatering time that sets in dehydration running has been expired this running when formally having ended, when the rotating speed of motor 20 is above 300r.p.m during initial idling device operation.

" common braking " mode also is used for: when being equivalent to operate the power cut-out switch of console switch 69 or pause switch or, arbitrary condition when lid 67 has been opened in (this is detected by lid switch 68), and, when the rotating speed of motor 20 surpasses 300r.p.m～less than 600r.p.m during the operation of initial idling device.

Should " common braking " mode be, make initial idling device (comprising rotating speed detects) operation 40ms, and then, make short-circuit braking run to motor 20 always and stop.

" force moving " mode is used for: when being equivalent to operate the power cut-out switch of console switch 69 or pause switch or, arbitrary condition when lid 67 has been opened in (this is detected by lid switch 68), and, when the rotating speed of motor 20 surpasses 600r.p.m～less than 1000r.p.m during the operation of initial idling device.Moreover the rotating speed maximum of motor 20 is controlled to be 900r.p.m during the dehydration running, and usually, it is too many can not to surpass 900r.p.m.

The mode of " forcing to move " is connected on after the operation of initial idling device, makes short-circuit braking operation 400ms; Then, make the regenerative braking device of the operation that comprises the brake apparatus that discharges run to rotating speed always be reduced to 480r.p.m; Then, make short-circuit braking run to rotating speed is zero (stopping the rotation) always.

The motor rotary speed that has produced in dehydration running when having a power failure with this moment irrespectively uses " brake hard " mode, and " brake hard " mode is connected on after the operation of initial idling device, makes short-circuit braking move 400ms; Then, make the regenerative braking device of the operation that comprises the brake apparatus that discharges run to rotating speed always be reduced to 100r.p.m; Then, make short-circuit braking run to rotating speed is zero (stopping the rotation) always.

With the action of microcomputer 63, the effect of relevant above-mentioned formation is described.At first, in washing running or dehydration running, rotation drive motor 20 is so that rotation drives stirring body 5 or rotation drives swivelling chute 4.Relevantly make motor 20 rotation, microcomputer 63 position-based transducing signal Ha, Hb, Hc form power on signal Du, Dv, Dw (with reference to Fig. 8 (c)), and these power on signal are represented with 8 bit data value that are used to obtain given rotating speed.Pwm circuit 61 forms and drives signal Vup, Vun, Vvp, Vvn, Vwp, Vwn (among Fig. 8 (d), wherein Vup, Vun being shown) and output based on this power on signal Du, Dv, Dw.

Wherein, for example U phase output voltage becomes shown in this Fig. 8 (e) like that, and U phase winding electric current becomes such sine wave shown in this Fig. 8 (f).Relevant other V phase, W phase are switched on sine-wave current similarly.But, each power on signal Du, Dv, Dw are formed in electrical angle 121 ° of skews.Moreover, microcomputer 63 is except exporting above-mentioned power on signal Du, Dv, Dw, also permission that is used to export and the signal Do that stops are provided to pwm circuit 61, when this signal Do is " 0 ", making driving signal Vup, Vun, Vvp, Vvn, Vwp, Vwn is low level, switch element 57a～57f is all cut off, make motor 20 outages.

So, in the washing running that the rinsing of detergent washing running or so-called rinsing is turned round, in order to make stirring body 5 positive and negative rotations, as shown in figure 11, microcomputer 63 repeats: motor 20 is braked braking, make it under the washing mode of braking washing under the mode of braking after opposite spin after the positive direction rotation.In this case, as already described, under the washing mode of braking, move the initial given time (from given dutycycle, until zero) by soft brake; Then, run to by short-circuit braking always and stop the rotation; Then, by the given time (0.5 second) of positioner operation.Should " washing braking " mode when the washing running, use.Under the situation that stirring body 5 is braked, if use short-circuit braking suddenly, then make water slug sound become big because of sharply braking, as present embodiment because after making the soft brake operation, make the short-circuit braking operation, so, can prevent to produce big water slug sound.

Secondly, in the dehydration running, microcomputer 63 makes motor 20 rotations in order to make swivelling chute 4 rotations, but, expired under the situation that this running formally ended at dewatering time that this dehydration running sets and to have braked, still, at the rotating speed of this motor 20 at the end of turning round during less than 300r.p.m, this detects when the operation of initial idling device, uses " weak braking " mode that also comprises this initial idling device.Under the situation of braking under this " weak braking " mode, after by the initial idling device operation that switch element 57a～57f is all turn-offed, continuation is by the common idling device operation that switch element 57a～57f is all turn-offed, but, in service at this common idling device, the relay drive circuit 46a of microcomputer 63 makes relay winding outage, switches between the COM terminal of relay switch 46 and the NC terminal to couple together, and stops the direct-current power supply to converter main circuit 47.

Then, make the conducting dutycycle of switch element 57a～57f become zero soft brake operation lentamente.In this case, predicted by experiment: the motor rotary speed that was right after before this soft brake operation is a certain rotating speed, thereby, utilize this soft brake to make the conducting dutycycle slowly become zero from the conducting dutycycle of determining by experiment.Then, just become after zero, stopped operation, made 57b, 57d, 57f among switch element 57a～57f become the short-circuit braking operation of conducting by this soft brake in the conducting dutycycle.At this moment, the rotating speed of motor 20 drops to roughly about 100r.p.m always.Thereby even the short-circuit braking operation, rotating speed does not descend suddenly yet, and braking is carried out reposefully, does not produce vibration and noise.

Moreover, as already described, should " weak braking " mode be used for: the arbitrary condition in when power cut-out switch or pause switch have been operated in the running that is equivalent to dewater, when lid 67 has been opened, and, when the rotating speed of motor 20 is less than 300r.p.m during initial idling device operation; In this case, do not produce vibration and noise similarly.Shown in Figure 13, the situation of rotation speed change when under this " weak braking " mode, braking.

Also have, surpass when formally having ended under the state of 300r.p.m, use " common braking " mode of having described to brake when dehydration operates at motor rotary speed.In this case, after the initial idling device of 40ms, then short-circuit braking operation.Short-circuit braking runs to when the 400ms always, and relay drive circuit 46a makes the outage of relay winding, switches between the COM terminal of relay switch 46 and the NC terminal to couple together, and stops the direct-current power supply to converter main circuit 47.Run to when stopping the rotation by this short-circuit braking always, in about 20 seconds, stop.In this case, because be that rotating speed from motor 20 is that high-speed state makes this short-circuit braking operation, so, though the not talkative height of braking effect seldom produces vibration and noise.

Like this, under the situation that dehydration running has formally ended because and the emergency of brakeless, so, can be to prevent that vibration and generating noise are for preferentially braking.

Moreover, should " common braking " mode also can be used for: when power cut-out switch or pause switch have been operated in the running that is equivalent to dewater or cover 67 arbitrary conditions in when having opened, and, when rotating speed surpasses 300r.p.m～less than 600r.p.m.In this case, have bigger emergency, still, because rotating speed is less than upper limit 600r.p.m, so, under this " common braking " mode,, can fully adapt to the emergency under this situation until motor 20 stops the rotation and also need not spend so much time.Thereby, in this case, also can reduce vibration and generating noise.

Secondly, when having operated power cut-out switch or pause switch in the running that is equivalent to dewater or cover 67 arbitrary conditions in when having opened, and, when rotating speed surpasses 600r.p.m～less than 1000r.p.m, use " forcing moving " mode.In this case, has bigger emergency.Here, suppose when under above-mentioned " common braking " mode, braking, then because the high event of rotating speed up to stopping the rotation and will taking time, therefore, can be used this " pressure is moving " mode.Should " force moving " mode after initial idling device operation, make short-circuit braking operation 400ms, in service at this, relay drive circuit 46a makes the outage of relay winding, switches between the COM terminal of relay switch 46 and the NC terminal to couple together.That is, in the regenerative braking device operation not long ago, DC power supply circuit 43 and converter main circuit 47 are cut off, discharge circuit 48 is coupled together (that is, discharge resistance 49 being coupled together), after this, the regenerative braking device operation.

As already described, in this regenerative braking device, the current phase of Liu Donging is in the powered-on mode of lagging phase to the phase place of the induced voltage that produces among winding 26u, the 26v of motor 20, the 26w in each phase, by switch element 57a～57f being carried out break-make control the energy of motor is regenerated to DC power supply circuit 43 1 sides with diode 55 by regeneration.In this case, the electromotive force of motor 20 is just high when the rotating speed of motor 20 is high, produces about 600 volts induced voltage.When the motor induced voltage on coming across DC line 47a surpassed 400 volts, this was detected by bleeder circuit 56, and whereby, microcomputer 63 makes discharge switch element 50 conductings by drive circuit 52.Thus, the energy of motor is consumed by discharge resistance 49, the voltage of DC line 47a reduces, when it becomes below 350 volts, discharge and be turned off with switch element 50, but, because motor 20 is also in rotation, so, the motor induced voltage surpass that 400 volts situation continues during in discharge switch element 50 repetition break-makes.

So when the motor induced voltage is when being no more than 400 volts situation, the energy of motor is regenerated to DC power supply circuit 43 1 sides with diode 55 by regeneration.That is, become the regenerative braking device operation.This regenerative braking device runs to motor rotary speed always and is reduced to 480r.p.m.That is, when being reduced to 480r.During p.m, the break-make pattern of switch element 57a～57f is switching to downside 3 switch element 57b, the 57d that make among switch element 57a～57f, the pattern of 57f conducting simultaneously, short-circuit braking operation in this discharge brake apparatus and the regenerative braking device.This short-circuit braking runs to always and stops the rotation.

Under such " forcing moving " mode, when big emergency is arranged under the high situation of motor 20 rotating speeds, compare with " common braking " mode, can access high braking effect, can seek to shorten braking time.

Secondly, in the dehydration running, produced under the situation about having a power failure, irrespectively used " brake hard " mode with the rotating speed of the motor 20 of this moment.As already described, run on the point that rotating speed is reduced to 100r.p.m at the regenerative braking device that makes the operation that comprises the brake apparatus that discharges, these are different with above-mentioned " forcing moving " mode always.In this case, be 100r.p.m by run to rotating speed always by regenerative braking device, strengthen brake force, shorten braking time, satisfy the emergency of braking.Figure 12 illustrate the dehydration functioning example as at motor rotary speed for surpassing 600～having carried out the rotation speed change situation (degree of relevant braking) under each mode of braking under the situation of braking under less than the state of 1000r.p.m, as from this figure as can be known, braking time shortens with the order of " brake hard " mode, " forcing moving " mode, " common braking " mode.

On the other hand, under above-mentioned " force moving " mode and " brake hard " mode, not long ago make the short-circuit braking operation, thus, can prevent to damage the component of DC power supply circuit 43 or converter main circuit 47 in the operation of regenerative braking device.That is, make regenerative braking device when operation, though exist the high advantage of braking effect under the high situation of motor rotary speed,, the possibility that regenerative current becomes and has after excessive the component that makes DC power supply circuit 43 or converter main circuit 47 to damage.Yet, in the present embodiment, because the operation at regenerative braking device not long ago makes short-circuit braking move, so, before the regenerative braking device operation, can utilize the motor short circuit in winding that the energy of motor is consumed, can prevent in possible trouble that regenerative current becomes excessive when regenerative braking device moves, and can prevent to damage component.

Also have, discharge brake apparatus converter main circuit 47 1 sides after producing the motor electro gesture are moved during for high potential DC power supply circuit 43, but, in the run duration of this discharge braking, when making relay switch 46 from converter main circuit 47 is connected on the DC power supply circuit 43, and the 1st state that 47 pairs of discharge resistances of converter main circuit 49 are cut off, switching to 47 pairs of DC power supply circuits of a converter main circuit 43 cuts off, and when converter main circuit 47 is connected to the 2nd state on the discharge resistance 49, in relay switch 46 parts or spark splash or produce contact melting welding.In the foregoing description in this case, state carries out change action when being the short-circuit braking operation that does not produce potential difference between DC power supply circuit 43 and converter main circuit 47, so, produce spark in the time of can preventing this change action or produce contact melting welding.

Also have, " force to move " under mode and " brake hard " mode at this, with discharge the later on brake apparatus operation of switch element 50 turn-on action, still, this switch element 50 all carries out on-off action with upper frequency up to the motor induced voltage during less than 400 volts in discharge.Because this switches, the possibility that produces noise is arranged, still, and in the present embodiment, because capacitor 51 is parallel-connected to discharge resistance 49 and discharges with on the series circuit of switch element 50, so, can suppress above-mentioned generating noise.

Moreover, even suppose capacitor 51 is fixedly connected between input two-terminal 47A, the 47B of converter main circuit 47 and also can help to suppress generating noise, but, in this case, because big charging and discharging currents always flows in this capacitor 51, so, need its capacity greater than capacitor as the needed condenser capacity of noise filter.To this, in the present embodiment, only when change-over switch 46 becomes the 2nd state, promptly only when discharge resistance 49 is used this capacitor 51 just be used as noise filter, so, do not need big capacitance.

Also have, in washing running or dehydration running, when relay switch 46 is in above-mentioned the 1st state (state that is connected between COM terminal and the NO terminal), dc source is provided on the converter main circuit 47 from DC power supply circuit 43, motor 20 rotates according to operational situation.When its running ends when it is braked, relay switch 46 carries out change action to the 2 states (state that is connected between COM terminal and the NC terminal).In this case, when relay switch 46 is in the 1st state, charge by 53 pairs of capacitors 51 of charging resistor, sub-44A of the cathode output end of DC power supply circuit 43 and discharge circuit 48 become idiostatic, thereby, when relay switch 46 switches to the 2nd state, perhaps do not have spark or do not produce contact melting welding.

Be under above-mentioned the 1st state, the motor 20 rotating situations at relay switch 46, for example, perhaps have a power failure, when perhaps attaching plug being pulled up, just under " brake hard " mode, brake.Then, in this case, the output voltage of DC power supply circuit 43 just reduces gradually.At this moment because charge charging to capacitor 51, so the terminal voltage of capacitor 51 has relatively surpassed the output voltage of DC power supply circuit 43, make diode 54 conductings, the electric charge of capacitor 51 is by 54 pairs of DC power supply circuits of this diode 43 discharge.At this moment, DC power supply circuit 43 1 sides and discharge circuit 48 1 sides are roughly idiostatic.Even switch under the 2nd state, do not have spark to splash yet or do not produce contact melting welding yet at the braking repeat circuit switch 46 in " brake hard " mode under this state.

In this case, as present embodiment, if constitute relay switch 46 so that below given operation voltage (described 50 volts), automatically become the 2nd state, even in the time of then beyond braking, also can help to prevent having a power failure or pulling out attaching plug and carry out it when switching, the spark in its relay switch 46 or the generation of contact melting welding.

When the amplitude of each phase power on signal is identical in power on signal Du, Dv, Dw when data value (identical), make electrical angle for example be offset 1 degree here.That is, make the phase place of power on signal Dv produce electric angle skew 121 degree, make the phase place of power on signal Dw produce electrical angle skew 121 degree power on signal Dv to power on signal Du.To this, be that example is described in detail mutually for example with U phase, W.Among Figure 14, be shown specifically power on signal Du, the Dv of U phase, V phase, represent these power on signal, represent this sinusoidal wave data with the numeric data of its 1 electrical angle being carried out the 360 electric angle data of having cut apart and " 256 " level with sinusoidal wave data; Determine the amplitude of the sine-shaped winding current of corresponding phase by the size of numeric data wherein; The amplitude of this winding current (current value) is by the time width of energising in the switch element (any one among 57a～57f) of this phase winding energising is determined.Also have, determine the sequential of energising by the electrical angle data.

Usually, making the communicate electrical angle skew of electric signal waveform of U phase, V is 120 degree.Waveform under this situation is as Figure 17 illustrates as a reference example.The part (the P part of Fig. 8 (f)) of the amplitude of U phase, W phase winding electric current identical (current waveform intersects), such as shown in Figure 17, by the part generation of U phase, V phase power on signal Du, Dv intersection Pk.At this moment, such as shown in Figure 18, become identical numeric data in an electrical angle k, when overlapping, produce big spark current sometimes, produce noise.

That is, now, when being conceived to the U phase time, switch element 57a and 57f conducting, when the current amplitude that flows in U phase winding 26u was 2A (ampere), mobile electric current was represented with the symbol i1 of Figure 20 in the DC of converter main circuit 47 line 47a.Under this state, when switch element 57a from conducting when turn-off changing, as representing with symbol i2 among this figure, electric current between the collector emitter of motor winding 26u, 26W → switch element 57f → path of fly-wheel diode 58b → motor winding 26u, 26w in, winding current flows.When making switch element 57a conducting once more, because fly-wheel diode 58b storage is according to the electric charge of the electric current that flows before just, so, the electric current of the switch element 57a that between anti-recovery time, flows through can not be stoped, as shown in Figure 19, the short circuit current of about 7 peaces flows in DC line 47a.Similarly, change when overlapping the short circuit currents of 9 peaces that flow when the conducting of switch element 57c.

So, slightly different in the electrical angle in its each period during the energising of each phase switch element under the situation that sine-wave current is flowed in winding 26u, 26v, 26w, also in conversion.When considering that electric current is when U reaches the situation that V flows in mutually mutually, switch element 57a, 57c, 57f conducting, as described above, becoming the moment of conducting, switch element 57c becomes conducting from shutoff instantaneous short circuit electric current from shutoff at switch element 57a flows among DC line 47a.Here, reach mutually at U under the situation (situation that current waveform intersects) of the current amplitude unanimity of V phase, such as shown in Figure 18, when when power on signal Du, the Dv of the electrical angle of this moment are consistent, in full accord by driving signal Vup, Vvp that PWM has handled, the conducting sequential of switch element 57a and switch element 57c (with reference to label x, the y of Figure 19) in full accord.So, produced short circuit current the two the state of fly-wheel diode 58b and 58d of flowing through simultaneously, for the big spark current about 15 about 2 times usually peaces flows.This spark current not only produces harmful effect to the action of The whole control circuit, and the action of home appliance beyond the washing machine is also exerted an influence.Particularly make the rotating speed of motor 20 become the state of low speed, particularly during the positioner operation in the washing running, make the cycle of electrical angle 1 degree elongated, and make the time of coincidence of short circuit current elongated, further increase noise jamming.

Yet, in the present embodiment, as as shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15, forming each power on signal Du, Dv, Dw makes it be offset 121 degree in electrical angle, on identical electrical angle, can not become identical numeric data, promptly, as shown in Figure 16, because make the time zone skew of the switch element conducting on the moment of motor 20 phase current magnitude unanimities come, so short circuit current is not overlapping, therefore, the generation of big spark current can be reduced, generating noise can be helped to prevent.Particularly in service at positioner can prevent generating noise effectively.Moreover driving also to the rotation of swivelling chute and stirring body from brushless motor can be with direct mode, for example, also can utilize rotation transmitting device such as belt transmission agency to be rotated transmission.

As from the above description, the present invention can access following effect.

The 1st aspect according to the present invention comprises as electro-magnetic braking device: regenerative braking device, Discharge brake apparatus, short-circuit braking, comparing with the situation of using mechanical brake device can The simplification of seeking to consist of, and, compare with the situation of using single electro-magnetic braking device, can Improve the braking effect, simultaneously, the vibration in the time of can also reducing to brake and noise.

The 2nd aspect according to the present invention comprises as electro-magnetic braking device: regenerative braking device, Discharge brake apparatus, short-circuit braking, comparing with the situation of using mechanical brake device can The simplification of seeking to consist of, and, compare with the situation of using single electro-magnetic braking device, can Improve the braking effect, simultaneously, the vibration in the time of can also reducing to brake and noise, and, with right Rotation groove and stirring body directly drive to combine and can go far towards to reduce to vibrate and make an uproar Sound.

The 3rd aspect according to the present invention because when brushless motor is braked 1 or 2 Individual above brake apparatus makes up, so, can or make the braking effect preferential, perhaps Temperature when one side obtains good braking effect and simultaneously prevents from braking rises or prevents circuit elements The damage of part perhaps seeks to reduce vibration and noise.

The 4th aspect according to the present invention because according to the running content of

washing

1 or 2 with On brake apparatus make up, so, can according to the washing the running content, perhaps obtain Good braking effect perhaps prevents the temperature rising when braking or prevents circuit elements The damage of part seeks to reduce vibration and noise.

The 5th aspect according to the present invention, because in the situation that makes the regenerative braking device operation, This had moved short-circuit braking in the past, so, before the regenerative braking device operation, energy Enough utilize the motor short circuit in winding that the energy consumption of motor is fallen, can in possible trouble, prevent in regeneration The regeneration electric current becomes excessive during the brake apparatus operation, can prevent from damaging DC power supply circuit or contrary Become the component of device main circuit.

The 6th aspect according to the present invention arranges the switching device that is used for switching following 2 kinds of states, That is, be connected to converter main circuit on the DC power supply circuit and make converter main circuit pair The state that arresting element cuts off, and converter main circuit from DC power supply circuit cut off, And the state that converter main circuit is connected arresting element; Because make regenerative braking device Short-circuit braking and discharge brake apparatus have been moved, And, when short-circuit braking moves, utilize above-mentioned switching device DC power supply circuit and contrary Become the device main circuit and cut off, converter main circuit is connected with arresting element, so, can prevent Damage component, and, because be between DC power supply circuit and converter main circuit not The short-circuit braking of generation potential difference carries out change action when moving, so, can prevent Produce spark during this change action or produce contact melting welding.

The 7th aspect according to the present invention is because the brake apparatus in washing running and dehydration are turned round The combination difference, so, can be respectively according to washing running and dehydration running, perhaps make braking Effect is preferential, and perhaps one side obtains good braking effect, one side prevents when braking Temperature rise or prevent component damage, seek to reduce vibration and noise.

The 8th aspect according to the present invention is because the combination of brake apparatus is along with brushless motor is carried out Have or not emergency during braking and difference, so, as the braking emergency the time, can be in short-term Between in brake; Simultaneously, when not having emergency, can one side effectively seek to prevent temperature Degree rises and prevents and vibrates, simultaneously relatively brakes with relaxing.

The 9th aspect according to the present invention when the operation of discharge brake apparatus, can suppress the discharge electricity The generation of the noise when the road discharge is moved with the switch element, and, the electric capacity that noise prevention is used The capacitance of device not quite also can realize.

The 10th aspect according to the present invention is because the charging resistor series connection that capacitor is charged Be connected on this capacitor, so, when the switching device carries out change action, there is not spark to fly Spatter or do not produce contact melting welding.

The 11st aspect according to the present invention is because being used for making the electric charge of capacitor to the dc source electricity Diode and charging resistor that electricity is sidelong on road one are connected in parallel, so, even at motor also Under the situation of rotation, for example result from, have a power failure, when perhaps attaching plug being pulled up and draw Rise to have switched the device change action, also do not had spark to splash or also do not produce contact melting welding.

The 12nd aspect according to the present invention is because so that in brushless consistent wink of motor phase current magnitude Between on the time zone skew of switch element conductive come, so, can reduce big spark The generation of electric current can help to prevent the generation of noise.

Claims

1. a washing machine is characterized in that, comprising:

Drive unit has DC power supply circuit, simultaneously, has the converter main circuit that comprises heterogeneous gapping switch element, is used for described brushless motor is driven;

Regenerative braking device is used for the electromotive force of described brushless motor is regenerated to described DC power supply circuit;

The discharge brake apparatus is used to utilize be connected to described converter main circuit and import arresting element between the side two ends, and described electromotive force is consumed;

Short-circuit braking is used for described brushless motor short circuit in winding.

2. a washing machine is characterized in that, comprising:

3. washing machine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: when brushless motor is braked, the brake apparatus more than 1 or 2 is combined.

4. washing machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the running content according to washing combines the brake apparatus more than 1 or 2.

5. washing machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: under the situation that makes the regenerative braking device operation, move short-circuit braking before this.

6. according to each described washing machine of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that:

Setting is used for switching the switching device shifter of following 2 kinds of states, promptly, the state that converter main circuit is connected on the DC power supply circuit and arresting element is cut off, and the state that converter main circuit is cut off and arresting element is connected from DC power supply circuit;

Under the situation that makes the regenerative braking device operation, move short-circuit braking and discharge brake apparatus before this successively, and, when moving, short-circuit braking utilize described switching device shifter that DC power supply circuit and converter main circuit are cut off, converter main circuit is connected with arresting element.

7. washing machine according to claim 4 is characterized in that: different with the combination of the brake apparatus in turning round that dewaters in the washing running.

8. washing machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the combination of brake apparatus has or not emergency and difference when brushless motor is braked.

9. washing machine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, is provided with:

Discharge circuit, its constitute arresting element be connected in series with switch element according to coming across the discharge that the motor induced voltage on the converter main circuit moves, simultaneously, capacitor and this series circuit are connected in parallel, the one end are connected on cathode output end of described DC power supply circuit;

Be used for switching the switching device shifter of following 2 kinds of states, promptly, coupling together between electrode input end of the cathode output end of DC power supply circuit and converter main circuit and the 1st state that cuts off between the other end of the electrode input end of converter main circuit and described discharge circuit, and the 2nd state that couples together between the other end of cut-out and and described discharge circuit the electrode input end of converter main circuit between electrode input end of and converter main circuit the cathode output end of DC power supply circuit;

When the operation of discharge brake apparatus, make described switching device shifter switch to the 2nd state.

10. washing machine according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the charging resistor of when switching device shifter is in the 1st state capacitor being charged is connected in series on this capacitor.

11. washing machine according to claim 10 is characterized in that: diode from electricity to DC power supply circuit one and charging resistor that the electric charge that is used to make capacitor is sidelong are connected in parallel.

12. washing machine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: make the time zone skew of conducting of the switch element on the moment of brushless motor phase current magnitude unanimity come.