CN1206060C - Method for preparing metal base self-gradient composite rod material and pipe material by using electromagnetic separation process - Google Patents
Method for preparing metal base self-gradient composite rod material and pipe material by using electromagnetic separation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1206060C CN1206060C CN 03128912 CN03128912A CN1206060C CN 1206060 C CN1206060 C CN 1206060C CN 03128912 CN03128912 CN 03128912 CN 03128912 A CN03128912 A CN 03128912A CN 1206060 C CN1206060 C CN 1206060C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing metal base self-gradient composite rod material and pipe material by using an electromagnetic separation process, which belongs to the field of material preparation. The present invention generates an alternating magnetic field in an induction coil through a high frequency power source; a fireproof material mold with a plurality of circular holes which are perforated through both ends or an annular cavity is placed in the induction coil along the axial direction; the bottom is connected with a water cooling copper mold; preprocessed alloy liquid is poured in the fireproof material mold through a pouring cup; a self-phase moves towards the wall surface of a mold cavity of the fireproof material mold cavity under the action of electromagnetic force; the alloy liquid is solidified in the fireproof material mold; the self phase enhancing phase is mainly gathered on the surface of a circular rod or a circular tube formed by solidification; thereby, a gradient increasing layer is formed. The present invention forms the gradient increasing layer with a certain thickness and high hardness; the abrasive resistance of the surface is superior to that of composite material with uniform materials; a central base body is a eutectic crystal structure for ensuring the whole toughness.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of method for preparing Metal Substrate gradient self-generating composite bar and tubing, and particularly a kind of electromagnetism separates the method for preparing Metal Substrate gradient self-generating composite bar and tubing, belongs to field of material preparation.
Background technology
Particles reiforced metal-base composition (PMMCs) has good comprehensive mechanical property and serviceabilities such as high specific strength, high ratio modulus, low-density and good high-temperature performance, all has been subjected to paying attention to widely in industry and sphere of learning in recent years.At some in particular cases, need the both sides of same member to have different character or function, wish that again the both sides combination of different performance is good, thereby be unlikely under the abominable service condition of harshness, not destroy because of performance matches.At this situation, the Japan scientist has proposed gradient function composite (Functionally Gradient Materials first in 1987, abbreviation FGMs) notion and design philosophy, promptly according to specific requirement, adopt advanced material complex technique, change two kinds of The Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes continuously, its internal interface is disappeared, change and gradual heterogeneous material corresponding to The Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes ground thereby obtain function with material of different performance.After this, cause the interior research boom of world wide, develop the various function-graded materials that are applied to different field function-graded material.
At aluminium base in-situ composite, can adopt laser melting coating, machinery centrifugal, electromagnetic centrifugal and technologies such as electromagnetism separates, control the distribution along depth direction in matrix of spontaneous wild phase, prepare aluminium base gradient self-generating functional composite material.Find by literature search, Chinese patent application number 02137749.9, patent name: " the electromagnetism method for separating and preparing of many gradients/multilayer in-situ graded composite ", this patent has been introduced with the interactional mode of direct current-steady magnetic field and has been made the poly-partially side to bulk material of spontaneous rich iron phase, prepared with the block surfacing of spontaneous rich iron phase as wild phase, preparation facilities is by electromagnet, dc source and loop and casting system constitute, alloy liquid injects conducting DC loop behind the casting system, and the steady magnetic field that applies of DC current of Xing Chenging and electromagnet interacts and the generation electromagnetic force thus.Owing to the electromagnetic force operational factors is not controlled, spontaneous wild phase is assembled at the top layer height, does not form gradient and distributes.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, provide a kind of electromagnetism to separate the method for preparing Metal Substrate gradient self-generating composite bar and tubing, make it by controlling the temperature of alloy liquid, original position generates certain volume mark wild phase, by applying alternating magnetic field, utilize alloy liquid and the conductivity difference between looks, make the less spontaneous skew of conductance poly-to the matrix material outer surface, distribute thereby make spontaneous wild phase size and volume fraction all radially be continuous gradient, obtain high surface hardness and wearability, and can keep the gradient of center toughness to strengthen composite pipe and bar.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention produces alternating magnetic field by high frequency electric source in induction coil, to have the circular hole of a plurality of two ends perforation or the refractory material casting mold in circular rings casement chamber and place vertically in the induction coil, the bottom connects water cooled copper mould; Be poured in the refractory material casting mold by cup through pretreated alloy liquid,, under the electromagnetic force effect, move to refractory material casting mold die cavity wall from looks owing to have difference on the electric conductivity with alloy liquid; After treating that alloy liquid solidifies, spontaneous wild phase mainly accumulates in pole or pipe material surface, and is formed with certain thickness gradient enhancement layer.
Below the present invention is further illustrated, method step is as follows:
(1) employing has the circular hole of a plurality of two ends perforation or the refractory material casting mold of circular annular space, will place vertically in the cylindric induction coil after the preheating of refractory material casting mold, and the bottom connects water cooled copper mould.
(2) be connected with the water-cooled copper cable between high frequency electric source and the induction coil, open power supply after, can produce frequency in induction coil inside and be 10kHz-20kHz,, effectively magnetic induction intensity is the alternating magnetic field of 0.02-0.2T.
(3) the preceding temperature with alloy liquid of casting is controlled at and is higher than liquidus curve 50-100 ℃, alloy liquid is poured in the refractory material casting mold by cup, innerly constantly separate out and grow up along with the alloy liquid temp reduces from looks, owing to most have difference on the electric conductivity from looks and alloy liquid, can be subjected to rightabout electromagnetic force effect, and move to the outside wall surface of refractory material casting mold endoporus.
(4) power, the frequency that changes high frequency electric source regulated the electromagnetic force size, adjust with water cooled copper mould that alloy liquid contacts in discharge (2-20L/min) control the cooling velocity of alloy liquid.
(5) through behind the electromagnetic force effect 10-20s, powered-down, alloy liquid solidifies in the refractory material casting mold, obtains spontaneous wild phase particle size and the different radial distribution of volume fraction from outer surface to inner base, is formed with certain thickness gradient enhancement layer at pole or pipe material surface.
The refractory material casting mold need pass through The pre-heat treatment.Utilize circular hole or circular annular space refractory material casting mold can obtain gradient composite bar and the tubing that strengthens from looks respectively.Square being directly proportional of the electromagnetic force that acts on the spontaneous wild phase of different-grain diameter and particle diameter, fast more from the big more migration velocity of particle diameter of looks, therefore, and control electromagnetic force action time, will be from looks by particle size along migratory direction that is radially arrange in gradient.Greater particle size will concentrate on the nearly outer surface of pole, pipe material from the looks particle, form from intensive poly-partially layer of looks particle; On a small quantity strengthen particle and do not have enough time to move to outer surface and be dispersed in zone, form transition zone near inner base from looks; In the central area,, form based on matrix material, the few tissue of wild phase content because the overwhelming majority is left from the migration of looks.
The present invention has substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement, the present invention utilizes most differences between looks and alloy liquid electrical conductivity in the alloy liquid, under the electromagnetic force effect of high frequency electric source and induction coil generation, spontaneous phase is radially to the migration of alloy liquid outer surface, and alloy liquid solidifies the back spontaneous wild phase particle size of formation and volume fraction radially is composite bar and the tubing that continuous gradient distributes.Adopt the Metal Substrate that obtains produced according to the present invention to strengthen gradient composites from looks, formation has the high gradient enhancement layer of certain thickness hardness, surface layer abrasion-proof is better than the composite of body homogeneous, and center matrix is an eutectic structure, has guaranteed overall flexibility.
The specific embodiment
Provide following examples in conjunction with content of the present invention:
Embodiment 1:
Adopting high frequency electric source to produce frequency in the cylindrical shaft symmetric induction coils is that 20kHz, effective magnetic induction intensity are the alternating magnetic field of 0.02T; Place vertically after the refractory material casting mold is preheating to 250 ℃ in the cylindric induction coil, the bottom connects water cooled copper mould; In crucible furnace, melt Al-15wt.%Mg
2The Si alloy, the preceding temperature with alloy liquid of casting is controlled at and is higher than 50 ℃ of liquidus curves; Open high frequency electric source and be adjusted to predetermined electric power, alloy liquid is poured in the refractory material casting mold electromagnetic force 30s action time by cup; Close high frequency electric source, connect cooling water (maximum stream flow 20L/min), make alloy liquid rapid solidification in the refractory material casting mold.The Metal Substrate for preparing strengthens gradient composites from looks, has the gradient enhancement layer of high rigidity, and center matrix is an eutectic structure, has overall flexibility.
Embodiment 2:
Adopting high frequency electric source to produce frequency in the cylindrical shaft symmetric induction coils is that 10kHz, effective magnetic induction intensity are the alternating magnetic field of 0.2T; Place vertically after the refractory material casting mold is preheating to 250 ℃ in the cylindric induction coil, the bottom connects water cooled copper mould; Fusing Al-24wt.%Si alloy in crucible furnace, the preceding temperature with alloy liquid of casting is controlled at and is higher than 100 ℃ of liquidus curves; Open high frequency electric source and be adjusted to predetermined electric power, alloy liquid is poured in the refractory material casting mold electromagnetic force 10s action time by cup; Close high frequency electric source, connect cooling water (minimum discharge 2L/min), make alloy liquid rapid solidification in the refractory material casting mold.The Metal Substrate for preparing strengthens gradient composites from looks, forms the gradient enhancement layer with high rigidity, and center matrix is an eutectic structure.
Embodiment 3:
Adopting high frequency electric source to produce frequency in the cylindrical shaft symmetric induction coils is that 15kHz, effective magnetic induction intensity are the alternating magnetic field of 0.1T; Place vertically after the refractory material casting mold is preheating to 250 ℃ in the cylindric induction coil, the bottom connects water cooled copper mould; Fusing Al-12wt.%Si alloy in crucible furnace, the preceding temperature with alloy liquid of casting is controlled at and is higher than 50 ℃ of liquidus curves; Open high frequency electric source and be adjusted to predetermined electric power, alloy liquid is poured in the refractory material casting mold electromagnetic force 20s action time by cup; Close high frequency electric source, connect cooling water (flow 5L/min), make alloy liquid rapid solidification in the refractory material casting mold.The Metal Substrate for preparing strengthens gradient composites from looks, has high surface hardness and wearability, also can keep center toughness.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of electromagnetism separates the method for preparing Metal Substrate gradient self-generating composite bar and tubing, it is characterized in that, in induction coil, produce alternating magnetic field by high frequency electric source, to have the circular hole of a plurality of two ends perforation or the refractory material casting mold in circular rings casement chamber places in the induction coil vertically, the bottom connects water cooled copper mould, be poured in the refractory material casting mold by cup through pretreated alloy liquid, move to refractory material casting mold die cavity wall under the electromagnetic force effect from looks, treat that alloy liquid solidifies in the refractory material casting mold after, spontaneous wild phase mainly accumulates in the pole that solidifies formation or the top layer of pipe material, and forms the gradient enhancement layer.
2, electromagnetism according to claim 1 separates the method for preparing Metal Substrate gradient self-generating composite bar and tubing, it is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
(1) employing has the circular hole of a plurality of two ends perforation or the refractory material casting mold of circular annular space, and the refractory material casting mold is placed in the cylindric induction coil vertically, and the bottom connects water cooled copper mould;
(2) be connected with the water-cooled copper cable between high frequency electric source and the induction coil, open power supply after, produce that frequency is 10kHz-20kHz, effectively magnetic induction intensity is the alternating magnetic field of 0.02-0.2T in that induction coil is inner;
(3) be poured in the refractory material casting mold by cup through pretreated alloy liquid, separate out and grow up along with the alloy liquid temp reduces inner spontaneous continuing mutually, majority is subjected to rightabout electromagnetic force effect from looks, and moves to the outside wall surface of refractory material casting mold endoporus;
(4) power, the frequency that changes high frequency electric source regulated the electromagnetic force size, adjust with water cooled copper mould that alloy liquid contacts in discharge control the cooling velocity of alloy liquid;
(5) through behind the electromagnetic force effect 10-30s, powered-down, alloy liquid solidifies in the refractory material casting mold, obtains spontaneous wild phase particle size and volume fraction and radially distributes from outer surface to inner base, thereby form the gradient enhancement layer with thickness at pole or pipe material surface.
3, electromagnetism according to claim 1 and 2 separates the method for preparing Metal Substrate gradient self-generating composite bar and tubing, it is characterized in that, the refractory material casting mold is earlier through The pre-heat treatment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03128912 CN1206060C (en) | 2003-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | Method for preparing metal base self-gradient composite rod material and pipe material by using electromagnetic separation process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03128912 CN1206060C (en) | 2003-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | Method for preparing metal base self-gradient composite rod material and pipe material by using electromagnetic separation process |
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| CN1460568A CN1460568A (en) | 2003-12-10 |
| CN1206060C true CN1206060C (en) | 2005-06-15 |
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| CN 03128912 Expired - Fee Related CN1206060C (en) | 2003-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | Method for preparing metal base self-gradient composite rod material and pipe material by using electromagnetic separation process |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101712029B (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2012-09-19 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Device for separating thin and long materials from remaining short materials thereof and method therefor |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104972130B (en) * | 2015-06-28 | 2017-10-27 | 中国计量大学 | The gel injection moulding preparation of metal and ceramic gradient material in alternating magnetic field |
| CN105014873B (en) * | 2015-06-28 | 2017-10-27 | 中国计量大学 | The injection moulding preparation method of polymer matrix composite in alternating magnetic field |
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2003
- 2003-05-29 CN CN 03128912 patent/CN1206060C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101712029B (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2012-09-19 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Device for separating thin and long materials from remaining short materials thereof and method therefor |
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| CN1460568A (en) | 2003-12-10 |
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