CN1200845A - Charger for dry galvanic cells using asymetrical current - Google Patents
Charger for dry galvanic cells using asymetrical current Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1200845A CN1200845A CN95197983A CN95197983A CN1200845A CN 1200845 A CN1200845 A CN 1200845A CN 95197983 A CN95197983 A CN 95197983A CN 95197983 A CN95197983 A CN 95197983A CN 1200845 A CN1200845 A CN 1200845A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- diode
- resistor
- negative electrode
- anode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
An improved charging circuit apparatus for charging both "rechargeable" and "non-rechargeable" batteries from an AC power source utilizing capacitors (3 and 5) and two diodes (6 and 7). The anode of the first diode (6) is connected to a first output terminal (10) and a first input terminal (1); the first diode's cathode being connected to the anode of the second diode (7), the cathode of the second diode being connected to a second output terminal (11). The capacitors are connected to the second input terminal (2). One capacitor (3) is further connected to the cathode of the first diode (6) and therefore anode of the second diode (7). A second capacitor (5) is further connected to the second output terminal (11). A current limiting circuit (37) is also provided which is connected to the charging circuit to provide protection against overcharging of the batteries.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of employing and carry out desulfurization, charging and prevent the device of battery sulfuration from the asymmetric electric current of AC power, relate more specifically to give the battery charger apparatus of dry cell and wet cell charging repeatedly, dry cell comprises primary cell, alkaline battery, lithium battery, mercuric oxide cell, silver oxide cell, carbon-zinc battery, zinc chloride battery, and nickel-cadmium cell, chargeable and non-rechargeabel, and wet cell, comprise the plumbic acid storage battery.
Background of invention
Battery charger generally include one big, expensive, and be that heavy transformer is used for reducing the voltage of alternating current circuit to the voltage that is suitable for battery.Known charger can only be to so-called " rechargeable battery ", plumbic acid storage battery for example, recharge.Well-known in the art also have so-called transless battery charger.They use a charging (or recharge) that needs the diode bridge of four diodes at least and only be confined to rechargeable battery usually.
In this manual, the meaning of " desulfurization " speech is to purify battery electrode.
The present invention includes a circuit, can charge to a chargeable and non-rechargeabel dry cell, it utilizes the transformerless circuit with minimum number element, has therefore reduced the cost and the size of device.In addition, charging current is not recharged the influence of number of batteries, but depends on the total capacitance of circuit.
Description of Related Art
The applicant recognizes following United States Patent (USP) about the transless battery charger.U.S. Patent number date issued inventor exercise question 3,013,198 12-12-1961 Witte CELL UNIT FOR INSERTION INTO A
FLASHLIGHT3,176,212 03-30-1965 De?Puy DIRECT?CURRENT?POSER?SUPPLIES3,382,425 05-07-1968 Legatti BATERY?CHARGER3,708,738 01-02-1973 Crawford?BATTERY CHARGING AND
DISCHARGE?APPARATUS3,867,682 02-18-1975 Yamauchi?BATTERY?CHARGER?WITH?MEANS
FOR?PREVENTING?OVERCHARGING
OF?THE?BATTERY3,867,921 04-08-1975 Bigbee INTEGRATED REJUVENABLE
ENERGY?SYSTEM?AND?METHOD3,970,912 07-20-1976 Hoffman BATTERY?CHARGING?CURCUIT3,987,354 10-19-1976 Mason REGULATING?CIRCUIT4,146,825 03-27-1979 Harhay ELECTRIC BATTERY POWERED
VEHICLE4,321,523 02-23-1982 Hammel BATTERY CHARGER AND POWER
SUPPLY?CIRCUITRY4,389,608 06-21-1983 Dahl TRANSFORMERLESS BATTERY
CONTROLLED?BATTERY?CHARGER4,472,672 09-18-1984 Pacholok?HIGH?POWER?FACTOR?SWITCHING-
TYPE?BATTERY?CHARGER4,621,225 11-04-1986 Birk PASSIVE TRANSFORMERLESS
BATERY?CHARGING?UNIT
Though some in the above-mentioned patent have some feature of the present invention, all are weak in some aspects.Great majority in the above-mentioned patent require big circuit also to have performance constraint, and neither one be designed to can be to not rechargeable battery operation.Among listed in the above, Witte, Birk and Mason are maximally related.
Witte show a kind of rechargeable battery device wherein line voltage distribution be applied on the voltage divider that is parallel to discharge resistor.By utilizing metallic rectifier that resistance is provided, charging rectifier is protected from being charging voltage and high voltage peak occurs.
Birk also shows a kind of flashlight battery charging circuit.Yet in the patent of Birk, line voltage distribution is applied on the coupling capacitor then by full-wave rectification.Energy storage capacitor is charged to high voltage in the AC power supplies half period.Energy storage capacitor provides one threshold currents arranged with higher voltage to battery by a LED and a resistor discharge in the half period of remainder.
Mason shows a kind of regulating circuit that is used to charge, and its electric current is adjusted to load irrelevant.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of improved battery charger, it has avoided the shortcoming of previous charging circuit that additional structure and service advantages are provided simultaneously.
Be used for having used some capacitors and two diodes for the circuit of rechargeable battery and not rechargeable battery charging from AC power supplies.The anode of first diode is connected to first output and first input end; The negative electrode of first diode is connected to the anode of second diode, and the negative electrode of second diode is connected to second output.Capacitor is connected to second input.The negative electrode that capacitor is also connected to first diode i.e. the anode of second diode.Second capacitor is also connected to second output.
Charging circuit separates network by one and forms, and the asymmetric waveform of its exportable a kind of uniqueness is suitable for transmitting anion to the alkaline battery that has discharged, thereby battery is charged to given voltage and charge capacity level again and heat ageing can take place.
Goal of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of improved device that is used for the battery desulfurization, charges and prevent to vulcanize.
Another object of the present invention provides the device that is used to give from the asymmetric electric current of alternating current a dry battery charge.
Another object of the present invention provides the device to many battery charge, and wherein Zhuan Zhi total capacitance rather than charging interval influence the value of charging current.
Another object of the present invention provides the device of charging current to avoid overcharging of control battery when battery is full of.
The accompanying drawing summary
By reference following accompanying drawing and detailed description thereof, above-mentioned and other purposes will become and be easy to understand.
Fig. 1 is basis and the sketch that has embodied the battery charger of feature of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sketch with battery charger of the adjunct circuit that is used for preventing that battery from overcharging.
Fig. 3 is according to waveform schematic diagram of the present invention, the shape when having shown battery charge.
Describe in detail
Referring now to Fig. 1, institute's inventive circuit comprises and is used to connect AC power ( input 1 and 2 50Hz) and links to each other with terminal 12 and is connected the quilt output 10 and 11 of rechargeable battery again by 24 for 120V, 60Hz, or 220V.Input 1 is connected respectively to the anode and the negative output terminal 10 of diode 6.The negative electrode of diode 6 is connected respectively to the anode and the capacitor 3 of diode 7, and another utmost point of capacitor 3 is connected to input 2.Input 2 also is connected to capacitor 5.The other end of capacitor 5 is connected to the negative electrode of output 11 and light-emitting diode 8.The anode of light-emitting diode 8 is connected to the negative electrode of diode 7.Light-emitting diode 8 is in parallel with resistor 9 and capacitor 4.The purpose that is appreciated that capacitor 4 and resistor 9 is the electric current of restricted passage light-emitting diode 8, if make indicating device with incandescent lamp, they is not installed then.
Ac line voltage is added on end points 1 and 2 during operation.The anode that is applied in diode 6 " just " " is born " phase place that is applied in capacitor 3, and capacitor 3 begins charging.Last till always amplitude that capacitor 3 reaches power line voltage after this diode 6 end.The voltage of capacitor 3 one sides with respect to opposite side for being " zero " just with respect to line power and capacitor 3.In this half period, the line current edge comprises input 1, output 10, and end points 12 to 24, battery, output 11 flows in the circuit of electric capacity 5 and last input 2.
From this half period second half, the voltage in line power and capacitor 3 circuit is increased to cell voltage gradually.When this circuit voltage equaled cell voltage, diode 7 conductings and capacitor 3 began the diode 7 by circuit, resistor 9, and battery and line power are to battery discharge.
When the line power reversing, the voltage that charging current continues to flow up to line power and capacitor 3 equals cell voltage, capacitor 3 reverse polarity chargings subsequently.Capacitor 3 and 5 current potential be by circuit capacitor 3 when diode 7 conductings, diode 7, and the electric current in resistor 9 and the capacitor 5 flows and reaches equal.In case stopping apparatus structure, charging current changes once more.Capacitor 3 is charged to the amplitude of line voltage distribution once more, and after this said process is along with line voltage distribution frequency period ground repeats.
If cell voltage is higher than the amplitude of supply voltage, said process repeats still not have the process of capacitor 3 recharges.But capacitor 3 is by the power supply additional charge and to battery discharge.Therefore the capacitive reactance of capacitor 3 has limited battery charge.In the charging process, capacitor 3 by incessantly-be connected to same-phase with line power, so be an extra power supply.Battery is charged to two times of line power voltage magnitude.
Battery depends on the quality of battery with the actual capacity that is charged to, and more clearly is meant the sealing of battery.Usually, by using circuit of the present disclosure, one time dry cell can be restored to greater than 80% of its capacitance.
The preferred embodiment of charger of the present invention is shown in Fig. 2.Shown in circuit and identical some the augmenting that just have shown in Figure 1.Identical label is represented identical parts among each figure.Capacitor 26 and resistor 27 are in parallel with capacitor 3.Resistor 36 is connected with the electric current of restricted passage LED8 with LED 8.Control circuit 37 links to each other with charging circuit and prevents that battery charge is excessive, and battery is connected between output 10 and 11.
During operation, potentiometer is regulated and is set to by the user of charger and the quantity and the corresponding level of model of the battery between charger output 10 and 11.Fully charged and be timing with respect to end points 1 when end points 2 by the operation foregoing circuit when battery, diode 7 and diode 28 are switched on and diode 6 is cut off.The increase voltage that causes produces puncture voltage to end points 10 and 11 in Zener diode 32 because battery fully charges.Because the high resistance that is recharged battery between the end points 10 and 11, electric current turns to and flows through resistor 34 from battery.Next reverse current flows through Zener diode 32 and enters the door of SCR 30.Therefore SCR 32 is encouraged, so electric current flows to negative electrode from the anode of SCR.It is from the charging circuit projected current, flows through to be recharged battery and to avoid overcharging.
When end points 1 is timing, all hold-off diode 6 conductings of diode 28 and diode 7 with respect to end points 2.Electric current flows through circuit diode 6, capacitor 5 and resistors in series 34,33 and 35.
As shown in Figure 3, charging circuit is exported a kind of asymmetric waveform of uniqueness, be fit to give the alkaline battery transmission anion that has discharged, thereby battery is charged to given voltage and charge capacity level again and heat ageing can take place.The Voltage Feedback network at alkaline battery the two poles of the earth of charging in addition is activated keeps a constant charging current, next is that avalanche current downward when battery is full of electricity descends.This safety factor has reduced because the battery that causes that overcharges damages.
When polarization takes place, that is, the anodal A0 of alkaline battery is surrounded by hydroxide (KOH) film that its potassium oxide electrolyte forms, and the passage that free electron leads to external circuit is prevented from.During polarization, the interior resistance of alkaline battery becomes big, and electromotive force (emf) reduces.When resistance was maximum, battery is known as to have been put electricity and has been considered to useless.
The asymmetric waveform of this battery charger uniqueness has been disintegrated the polarization of anode, thus the OH of Fen Liing (1) ion and potassium again chemical bond form original electrolyte, reduced the internal resistance of battery and with battery recovery to refilling state.Charger of the present invention produces two components: the direct current carrier of level and the current phasor of curvilinear motion, its superposition is on the direct current of level.The current phasor that changes is the charging vector, and size and Orientation is constant all the time; Yet the direct current carrier of level is elevated to the initial direct voltage of alkaline battery along with the effect of AC charging vector.
In essence, charger is converted to the pulse direct current (component of variation) of stack with alternating current, and is superimposed upon on the direct current that is improving.This is in conjunction with enabling alkaline battery (with other kind battery) charging and recharge.The distinct waveforms that charger produces is elevated to first peak value from initial level, descends, and rises to second peak value that is lower than first peak value, its initial level falls back then, keep a period of time to rise to level identical and repetition then, as shown in Figure 3, charged up to battery with first peak value.Owing to may obtain identical waveform from other charging device, the present invention includes any device that can obtain this waveform.
Optional embodiment
Foregoing circuit comprises primary cell, alkaline battery, lithium battery applicable to handling the multiple chargeable of different capabilities and rechargeable battery not, mercuric oxide cell, silver oxide cell, carbon-zinc battery, zinc chloride battery, and nickel-cadmium cell, and wet cell, comprise lead-acid battery.Because charging current do not rely on load value, i.e. together the number of batteries and the model of charging, but depend on total appearance value of capacitor 3, therefore available simple indicator light replaces light-emitting diode.Can do function and the fail safe of further improvement to circuit to increase this device.For example, can add a switch when user's line disconnection voltage during packed battery in device.These parts can be configured in the housing identical with battery, to reduce the pause of charging.In addition, in order to reduce the circuit that comprises, charging device and battery can directly be configured in the household appliance that uses it.
The achievement general introduction of goal of the invention
Be easy to as previously mentioned understand that what we invented is used for dry cell and wet cell, comprise chargeable and non-rechargeabel type, carry out the improved method and apparatus of desulfurization and charging, more economical as compared with the past.
What understand easily that the front describes and specify only is to have set forth optimal mode of the present invention and principle, the expert of this area can carry out various improvement to this device and replenish under the prerequisite of not leaving essence of the present invention and scope, thereby is appreciated that the present invention is only limited by the scope of affiliated claim.
Annex
Press the modification end of PCT19 bar;
The negative electrode of Zener diode is connected to potentiometric adjustable end;
One end of the 3rd resistor is connected to second output, and the other end of the 3rd resistor is connected to a potentiometric end;
One end of the 4th resistor is connected to potentiometric second end, and the other end of the 4th resistor is connected to first output.
2. according to the circuit of claim 1, further comprise indicating device, be used to refer to circuit and move in response to charging current.
3. according to the circuit of claim 1, further comprise switching device, be used under the situation that does not have battery to be recharged, cutting off AC power supplies.
4. according to the circuit of claim 1, the battery that wherein is recharged is a dry cell.
5. according to the circuit of claim 4, the battery that wherein is recharged is from comprising primary cell, alkaline battery, lithium battery, mercuric oxide cell, silver oxide cell, carbon-zinc battery, zinc chloride battery, and nickel-cadmium cell are chosen wantonly in the chargeable and non-rechargeabel battery pack.
6. according to the circuit of claim 1, the battery that wherein is recharged is a wet cell.
7. according to the circuit of claim 1, further comprise the 5th resistor and the 3rd capacitor, the 5th resistor and the 3rd capacitor are parallel to first capacitor.
8. according to the circuit of claim 2, wherein indicating device comprises the light-emitting diode with anode and negative electrode, and negative electrode is connected to the negative electrode that second output and anode are connected to second diode.
9. circuit according to Claim 8 further comprises the 6th resistor, is connected between the anode of the negative electrode of second diode and light-emitting diode.
10. according to the circuit of claim 9, further comprise the 7th resistor and the 4th capacitor, each all has first and second ends, and the negative electrode and second end that first end all is connected to first diode all are connected to second output.
11. method of giving the battery charge after the discharge, the alternating current charging vector that comprises the direct current carrier that produces a level and a superposition, its superposition is on the direct current of level, alternating current has the waveform of repetition, it is increased to first peak value from initial level, descend, rise to second peak value that is lower than first peak value, its initial level falls back then, maintenance a period of time rises to the par of first peak value then and repeats with identical amplitude, between the electrode of battery, apply the electric current of above-mentioned variation and continue time enough, allow the direct current carrier of level along with the effect of AC charging vector is elevated to the initial direct voltage of alkaline battery, charge the battery.
12. useful waveform of giving the battery charge after the discharge, this waveform is increased to first peak value from initial level, descend, rise to second peak value that is lower than first peak value, fall back its initial level then and keep a period of time to rise to the par of first peak value then and repeat with identical amplitude.
Claims (12)
1. one kind is used for the circuit that charges the battery from the asymmetric electric current that exchanges power supply, and this circuit comprises:
The first input end and second input, these inputs have jockey, are used for connecting AC power supplies;
First output and second output, these outputs have jockey, are used for connecting battery;
Have first diode of anode and negative electrode, the anode of first diode is connected to first output and first input end;
Have second diode of anode and negative electrode, the negative electrode of second diode is connected to second output;
First capacitor with the two poles of the earth, wherein capacitor one utmost point is connected to second input, and another utmost point of capacitor is connected to the negative electrode of first diode and the anode of second diode;
Have second capacitor at the two poles of the earth, wherein a utmost point is connected to second input, and another utmost point is connected to second output; With
Be used for be connected in battery on the output be charged to predeterminated level after restriction flow through the device of the electric current of this battery, this current limiting device comprises:
The 3rd diode with anode and negative electrode;
First resistor with two ends;
Has anode, the silicon controlled rectifier of negative electrode and gate pole;
Second resistor with two ends;
Zener diode with anode and negative electrode;
The 3rd resistor with two ends;
The 4th resistor with two ends;
Potentiometer has three terminals, and wherein an end can be regulated to change potentiometric resistance;
The anode of the 3rd diode is connected to the negative electrode of first diode;
One end of first resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the 3rd diode, and the other end of first resistor is connected to the anode of silicon controlled rectifier;
The gate pole of silicon controlled rectifier is connected to the anode of Zener diode and an end of second resistor;
The negative electrode of silicon controlled rectifier is connected to second end and first output of second resistor;
The negative electrode of Zener diode is connected to potentiometric adjustable end;
One end of the 3rd resistor is connected to second output, and the other end of the 3rd resistor is connected to a potentiometric end;
One end of the 4th resistor is connected to potentiometric second end, and the other end of the 4th resistor is connected to first output.
2. according to the circuit of claim 1, further comprise indicating device, be used to refer to circuit and move in response to charging current.
3. according to the circuit of claim 1, further comprise switching device, be used under the situation that does not have battery to be recharged, cutting off AC power supplies.
4. according to the circuit of claim 1, the battery that wherein is recharged is a dry cell.
5. according to the circuit of claim 4, the battery that wherein is recharged is from comprising primary cell, alkaline battery, lithium battery, mercuric oxide cell, silver oxide cell, carbon-zinc battery, zinc chloride battery, and nickel-cadmium cell are chosen wantonly in the chargeable and non-rechargeabel battery pack.
6. according to the circuit of claim 1, the battery that wherein is recharged is a wet cell.
7. according to the circuit of claim 1, further comprise the 5th resistor and the 3rd capacitor, the 5th resistor and the 3rd capacitor are parallel to first capacitor.
8. according to the circuit of claim 2, wherein indicating device comprises the light-emitting diode with anode and negative electrode, and negative electrode is connected to the negative electrode that second output and anode are connected to second diode.
9. circuit according to Claim 8 further comprises the 6th resistor, is connected between the anode of the negative electrode of second diode and light-emitting diode.
10. according to the circuit of claim 9, further comprise the 7th resistor and the 4th capacitor, each all has first and second ends, and the negative electrode and second end that first end all is connected to first diode all are connected to second output.
11. method of giving the battery charge after the discharge, comprise and produce a variable-current with repetitive pattern, it is increased to first peak value from initial level, descend, rise to second peak value that is lower than first peak value, fall back its initial level then, keep a period of time to rise to the par and the repetition of first peak value then, between the electrode of battery, apply above-mentioned variable-current and continue time enough to charge the battery.
12. useful waveform of giving the battery charge after the discharge, this waveform is increased to first peak value from initial level, descends, and rises to second peak value that is lower than first peak value, fall back its initial level then, keep a period of time to rise to the par and the repetition of first peak value then.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95197983A CN1200845A (en) | 1995-09-08 | 1995-09-08 | Charger for dry galvanic cells using asymetrical current |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95197983A CN1200845A (en) | 1995-09-08 | 1995-09-08 | Charger for dry galvanic cells using asymetrical current |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1200845A true CN1200845A (en) | 1998-12-02 |
Family
ID=5083476
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95197983A Pending CN1200845A (en) | 1995-09-08 | 1995-09-08 | Charger for dry galvanic cells using asymetrical current |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1200845A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2721006C1 (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-15 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тверской государственный технический университет" | Device for charging and desulphating accumulators |
-
1995
- 1995-09-08 CN CN95197983A patent/CN1200845A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2721006C1 (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-15 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тверской государственный технический университет" | Device for charging and desulphating accumulators |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20050083020A1 (en) | Electrostatic charge storage assembly | |
| WO2005091462A1 (en) | Method and device tolerant to direct current source fluctuation for pulse charging a battery | |
| CN1252893C (en) | Circuit arrangment and method for pulsated charging of batteries | |
| US4460863A (en) | Battery charging flashlight circuit | |
| WO1997008804A1 (en) | Combination of an electrical appliance and an associated stand | |
| US4621225A (en) | Passive transformerless battery charging circuit | |
| US5646505A (en) | Method of charging a battery using asymmetrical current | |
| CN1200845A (en) | Charger for dry galvanic cells using asymetrical current | |
| CN101149132A (en) | Solar energy LED electrical flashlight | |
| AU699129B2 (en) | Charger for dry galvanic cells using asymmetrical current | |
| CN1228637A (en) | Combined pulse charging method | |
| CN2487143Y (en) | Intelligent Nickel-cadmium (Nickel-hydrogen) cell charger | |
| CN2822002Y (en) | Power supply system for vehicle | |
| CN2181118Y (en) | Quick charger for battery | |
| CN1202685C (en) | Uninterrupted charging power supply system for mobile phone | |
| CN2178016Y (en) | Charger | |
| CN213906358U (en) | Pulse charging circuit of solar storage battery | |
| CN2133982Y (en) | High-speed battery charger | |
| JPS6391641A (en) | Camera using secondary lithium battery | |
| CN2192974Y (en) | Intelligence super-quick charge/treatment apparatus | |
| CN1081030A (en) | High-voltage direct-charged and dc-ac converting emergency power supply | |
| SU1727179A1 (en) | Method of reclamation of weakly sulfated storage battery and system for its implementation | |
| RU2030083C1 (en) | Power supply source of pulse load | |
| CN2128796Y (en) | Safety automatic charger | |
| CN2181117Y (en) | Recharging machine |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |