CN1199680A - Fuel economizing automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

Fuel economizing automobile has two engines, and the cylinders in the two engines are same in size, compression ratio, inlet airflow and fuel amount. Thus, the running resistance is shared between the two engines and when only small power is needed, the automobile may be run on one engine with the other one being stopped or idle so as to reduce displacement and save fuel. The two engines may have different size and number of cylinders.

Description

A kind of fuel-saving automobile

The present invention is a kind of fuel-saving automobile.

When automobile moves in many operating modes, be to be under the part load to move, the efficient of driving engine is not high, and in order to improve rate of load condensate, people have adopted the cylinder method of closing, to reach fuel-efficient order ground.On People's Transportation Press publishes and distributes (automotive engine gasoline injection system) in December, 1,992 174 pages of the first edition, introduced the automotive engine cylinder deactivation work, when under driving engine is in part load, moving, control system just instruction is cut off the fuel delivery and the igniting of several cylinders, stop the work of several cylinders, the rate of load condensate of driving engine is increased,, reduce fuel oil consumption to raise the efficiency.And when driving engine need increase power output; cylinder with each truce adds work respectively or adds work simultaneously again; yet this method shortcoming is a lot, because driving engine self friction power is very big, and temporary transient no cylinder; still in motion; be consumption of power, wearing and tearing in vain again, and also the cylinder that closes can only be a half; otherwise engine running is with regard to overbalance, and so often the power of half cylinder does not satisfy the power demand of automobile in many cases again.

Be order of the present invention, can make automobile when medium and small load, improve power utilization, can guarantee that again automobile has enough power when big load, reach fuel-saving order ground.

The present invention is achieved in that two driving engines is installed on automobile, when medium and small load, use 1 driving engine, this has just improved power utilization, when big load, uses two driving engines, about two driving engines under the situation that outputting power constantly changes, how under various rotating speeds, share the resistance to motion that automobile constantly changes, the content of essence of the present invention that Here it is, other design is all for its service, to reach the order ground of fuel-economizing.In order to express easily, do an experiment below, 3 identical driving engines and the transformable load device of 3 covers, 3 speed measuring devices are put together, each driving engine has a transformable load device of cover and a speed measuring device, between 3 driving engines the operatorless device that disconnects and connect is arranged, the throttle gate of 3 driving engines is carried out interlock, start the engine when 3 driving engines do not link to each other mutually, the rotating speed of 3 driving engines is transferred to equally fast, at this moment change engine speed, roughly divide equally, note any a plurality of rotating speed by the maximum revolution of driving engine, then, on each driving engine, all add equal load,, note the rotating speed of each driving engine by all rotating speeds of last registration, load, do after this manner, each driving engine is added equal load repeatedly, writes down repeatedly, then, two driving engines wherein are associated in together, again from newly carry out once, then, 3 driving engines be associated in together from newly carry out once.In this experiment, we see, 3 driving engines equal rotating speed when each rotating speed equates, after adding equal load respectively, the rotating speed of 3 driving engines also equates, add same load respectively repeatedly, the rotating speed of 3 driving engines all equates, and is after wherein two driving engines are associated in together, identical with above-mentioned situation, after being associated in three driving engines together, situation is still the same, and we regard two driving engines that connection gets up as big driving engine, and 1 driving engine is regarded puffer as, in individual experiment, prove, two driving engines of size can be under the situation that overcomes different resistances, and it is the same to remain two engine speeds, is equivalent to the resistance of two puffers but condition is a resistance that big driving engine overcomes, it is like this that big puffer does not link, and linking also is like this.At this moment, we are not difficult to find, the cylinder number of big driving engine is equivalent to the cylinder number of two puffers, in other words, we are on an automobile, small one and large one two driving engines are installed, if the cylinder dimensions of these two driving engines is just the same, compression ratio is the same, and the air that every working cycle obtains is the same with fuel, so, when two engine-driven cars travel, the total motion resistance of this automobile can be automatically assigned to by the cylinder number of two driving engines on two driving engines, because after two driving engines of size in the experiment were associated in together, the load of big puffer also equaled to add up together, automatically share then on big puffer, two engine revolutions are identical all the time, no matter how total drag changes (Zong in propulsive effort scope), it always is assigned on two driving engines by the cylinder number automatically.Like this, when two engine swept volumes of our design vehicle are big or small, can be least unit or increase or subtract that the total motion resistance of automobile can all be assigned on each cylinder with a cylinder, both different cylinder numbers of driving engine by size are assigned to the total motion resistance of automobile on the big puffer.

Fuel-saving automobile of the present invention, unit travels when medium and small load, in fact is exactly to have reduced the automobile discharge capacity, and this operating mode accounts for significant proportion in automotive operation, and its oil-saving effect is tangible.When the automobile large load operation, two-shipper drives running car, equals to have increased the automobile discharge capacity, have enough power, satisfied the power demand of big load, because this automobile has two kinds of discharge capacities to select for chaufeur, thereby improved power utilization, obtained the effect of fuel-economizing.

Below concrete operational detail of the present invention is described in detail, on the car of gasoline multi point injection, adorn with two driving engines, sustainer, main engine is contained in the front, arranges as preposition front drive automobile, and 5 gears are arranged, travelled by forward drive vehicle, assistant engine is arranged as the RE/RD automobile, by back-wheel drive, different is not have change speed gear box, has only a gear that is switched on or switched off.For the convenience of narrating, suppose that sustainer, main engine is 5 cylinders, assistant engine is 3 cylinders.All cylinder dimensionss of two driving engines are the same, stroke is the same, compression ratio is the same, design-calculated gasoline fuel injection pressure, emitted dose, injecting times are all the same, as much as possible make each cylinders of this 8 cylinders obtain the mixed air of equal matter, amount in each circulation, like this, when they drive running car jointly, will under any resistance that can overcome jointly of any rotating speed, share the total motion resistance of automobile, 5 cylinder machines are shared 5/8,3 cylinder machine and are shared 3/8.For the front and back engine speed error being dropped in the minimum scope, the speed gage of two driving engines is installed in operator's compartment, fine setting is installed at an engine throttle lever place therein, at two driving engines all under the situation of neutral gear, being transferred to theory and practice according to two engine speed utilizations all proves in the best scope, such two driving engines are when driving running car jointly, can better share resistance to motion according to the ratio of the power of two machines, make the efficient of two machines obtain maximum performance, the top-gear gear of 5 Cylinder engines is the same with the connection shelves gear ratios of 3 Cylinder engines, hang up top-gear 3 cylinder machines at 5 cylinder machines and hang up when connecting shelves, two driving engines can drive running car simultaneously.5 Cylinder engines satisfy the power demand that non-express highway travels, this moment is except that top-gear, other shelves can be used, (galloping needs very big power when needs arrive running on expressway, because the effect of air resistance, both automobile overcame cube being directly proportional of power that head-on air resistance consumed and the speed of a motor vehicle, surpass under the situation of 70km/h in the speed of a motor vehicle, the air resistance value can reach the total drag that travels 50%) hang top-gear, (this car has former and later two power-transfer clutchs to step on power-transfer clutch, can work simultaneously, when rear engine does not turn round power-transfer clutch also with front clutch one starting) hang up the rear engine shelves, beating rear engine (throttle gate of rear engine works with the front engine throttle gate), after lifting power-transfer clutch, run at high speed on express highway by former and later two driving engines of Das Gaspedal direct control, the moving velocity scope is in the top-gear speed range of 5 cylinders, (this situation seldom will be lower than the top-gear speed range time when there is something special, because of the minimum speed limit of express highway is 50 kilometers/hour), depress pedal of clutch, take rear engine gear (rear engine gear and rear engine admission port joint Men Youyi linkage, at this moment just closed the rear engine air intake, make and have only the idling mouth to lead to), after this each grade of front engine is all available, in the time will using the speed of a motor vehicle of top-gear, the front engine gear is hung into top-gear (interlock, after having only front engine to hang the top-gear position, rear engine just can hang up connects shelves, behind the rear engine of only the unsnaping gear, could change the front engine gear), hang up rear engine again and connect shelves (linkage, when hanging up rear engine connection shelves, the free air diffuser mouth of shutting is opened, the rear engine throttle gate begins to work), lift declutch pedal after, twin-engined common driving running cars, the load of two driving engines will have table to show, can grasp the load condition of driving engine at any time, the present coventional type car of picture China, maximum speed is all more than 160 kilometers/hour, Xiali is also at 140 kilometers/hour, as settle former and later two driving engines, so on express highway, under needs quicken and have situation that the gradient goes up a slope, use two driving engines, if when at the uniform velocity travelling on level road or on the downhill path, available this grade sustainer, main engine unit travels, assistant engine can be idle, when meeting upward slope or acceleration, at any time connect the duplex running of rear engine gear, when the needs automobile as quickly as possible the time, just can be used duplex running on express highway always.Above-mentioned automobile assistant engine is the pilot control starting, as face is 2. as follows to install automatic starter additional, 3., a mag-dynamo is housed on the assistant engine, in case assistant engine gets into smooth, it just generates electricity, the electricity that sends has following effect, 1. when assistant engine reached idling speed, the electric current that mag-dynamo sends made a coil inhale a moving iron staff, at this moment, the gear of secondary machine can hang up, do not turn round as assistant engine, this iron staff has blocked the lever of secondary machine under an action of the spring, this is to prevent in main frame running and secondary machine when not turning round, and two-shipper is the engage a gear accident that can occur simultaneously.2. the source switch of assistant engine reverses an angle to I, the power connection that assistant engine is used, by this direction source switch is continued to reverse an angle to II, Starting motor is connected, motor drives secondary machine running, after treating secondary machine idling smooth operation, again I is arrived in the source switch contrarotation, at this moment just finished the work of starting assistant engine, when assistant engine reached idling, the electric current that mag-dynamo sends disconnected the lead (line of logical motor relay) of Starting motor by coil, equal to have closed automatically the power supply of Starting motor in advance, in the assistant engine starting, starting current is controlled by a time controller, makes the motor running certain hour, as not success of starting, stopping a period of time reruns, and stops to rerun again, and burns out to prevent that Starting motor is overheated.3. assistant engine is when tickover, has only the air inlet of idling mouth, also has an admission port A in addition, air inlet when assistant engine just starts reaches after the idling this mouthful and closes, and Push And Release is to realize like this, in admission port A place side, the iron staff that one activity is arranged directly upwards has a hole B at its circular shaft, behind the assistant engine tickover, the electric current that mag-dynamo sends is inhaled moving iron staff by coil, hole B on admission port A and the iron staff is staggered, and this moment, admission port was obstructed, when assistant engine does not turn round, because action of the spring is in iron staff, admission port A is communicated with hole B on the iron staff, this moment air inlet open, can air inlet.Above-mentioned gasoline multi point injection car, modification of vehicle can be arranged, driving engine all had change speed gear box both, two change speed gear boxs, corresponding gear ratios is the same, rear transmission gear box, except that the shifter bar place has one to connect disconnection shelves (this lever is connected the disconnection shelves with 3 above-mentioned cylinder rear engines and acted on the same) in addition, when connecting, the interlock of the lever of two change speed gear boxs is under the cooperation of two power-transfer clutchs, the while shift, make two to start function with each grade driving running car, connect when disconnecting this that to disconnect shelves anti-, the lever of two change speed gear boxs still links, rear transmission gear box is inoperative, because disconnected the torsion transmission between rear engine and the rear transmission gear box, the advantage of this car is the bigger wish that has satisfied chaufeur, when they need duplex running, the speed of a motor vehicle of various shelves has that (3 cylinders have only that to connect the car duplex running that disconnects shelves be to have only at a high speed, and the low and middle-grade speed of a motor vehicle can only light locomotive running) when the needs light locomotive running, can change at any time, this car is applicable to the Mixed Zone in mountain area and Plain.When twin-engined common driving running car, because the front and back wheel diameter is the same, so the revolution of front and back wheel too, 5/8 of front-wheel load truck total motion resistance, 3/8 of trailing wheel load truck total motion resistance, we analyze, if air supply is different many sometimes for two driving engines, (identical cylinder air feed has deviation), if 5 cylinder machine air feed are more, propulsive effort is big, it is faster that front-wheel will change, it makes the fast that part of propulsive effort of car is not the resistance that overcomes the shared that part of quickening of front-wheel, but the resistance that full car is accelerated adds the resistance that trailing wheel reduces, trailing wheel drives to advance by certain revolution, front-wheel is fast, and the driving engine air demand that drives trailing wheel does not change, trailing wheel is also followed fast under front-wheel is accelerated, this variation in fact with spark ignition engine experiment in (spark ignition engine turns round under certain load, when other condition constant and reduce some the load after, the spark ignition engine revolution increases) the same, so, two driving engines under the above-mentioned situation are overcoming under the situation of same resistance, both made air demand (two driving engine between average single cylinder air demand) that some deviations are arranged, only can cause the variation of front and back wheel propulsive effort size, identical with the front and back wheel rotating speed is compatible.One 3 cylinder of one 5 cylinder of more than saying is for example, concrete several cylinder and the combination of several cylinder, it all depends how particular case, determine according to actual needs, the car sustainer, main engine is placed on the front, the assistant engine volume is placed on the back for a short time, the back of assistant engine is the position of baggage container, the passenger vehicle sustainer, main engine is placed on the back, assistant engine is placed on the front, the lorry assistant engine is placed on the front, drive front-wheel, be close to the arrangement sustainer, main engine thereafter, the same with present lorry, propulsive effort passes to power-transfer clutch, change speed gear box, transmission shaft, diff etc., passenger vehicle and lorry are compared with car, the speed of a motor vehicle is low relatively, the programmable cylinder number of secondary machine is few, the motorcoach main frame can satisfy non-express highway and travel, two-shipper can 3% gradient travel with 100 kilometers/hour speed on the expressway continuously, 5% gradient is travelled continuously with 80 kilometers/hour speed, at the expressway level road available unit that at the uniform velocity travels, use two-shipper when acceleration or upward slope, for preventing that the speed of a motor vehicle is too fast under some operating mode, the F-Zero speed-limit device can be installed, the car of above-described gasoline multi point injection and carburetor type and various automobile are all similar, just do not explained one by one now, following the large-scale carrier of multiaxis (long apart from the heavy coal car) is stated, this car is because the speed of a motor vehicle low (share that air resistance accounts in the total drag that travels is less relatively) load-carrying big (heavily sail with sky and sail the car weight variation greatly), so when fully loaded and sky is sailed power demand is differed bigger, for fuel saving, we install two driving engines onboard, just do not said with the same section of the three cylinder five-cylinder engines of stating above, only part inequality is explained, two driving engines are diesel engine, total motion resistance when the cylinder number of sustainer, main engine and the discharge capacity of each cylinder are sailed by sky is determined, when heavily sailing by 2 engine drives, determine the cylinder number of assistant engine with this, the cylinder of assistant engine just the same with the cylinder of sustainer, main engine (cylinder dimensions is the same press compile) than the same or the like.Two driving engines are settled side by side, sustainer, main engine links to each other with main high pressure pump, assistant engine links to each other with secondary high pressure pump, the arrangement of two high pressure pump formulas from beginning to end, by 1 joystick control, certainly, cause trouble can for like this torsion transmission between diesel engine and the high pressure pump, two driving engines all do not have a gear at bent axle to (assistant engine has been wanted power-transfer clutch) between the power-transfer clutch, gear and the control mechanism that makes gear mesh or disengagement are arranged between these two gears, when automobile wants sky to sail, two engaging gears between the driving engine are thrown off, starter motor, at this moment monomotor running, unit drives the automobile sky and sails, when automobile will heavily be sailed, the gear mesh between two driving engines, starter motor then, at this moment not only sustainer, main engine running, because two driving engines are by gear mesh, assistant engine also turns round, no matter two driving engine rotating speed speeds at this moment, the rotating speed of two driving engines is the same all the time, two driving engines drive automobile jointly and heavily sail, change speed gear box, power-transfer clutchs etc. all design by the acrotorque of two driving engines, the automobile of this structure is not only applicable to large-scale multiaxis coal car, and be applicable to the low big automobile of load-carrying of large-scale mine dumping car and all speed of a motor vehicle, the automobile of this structure also can be applicable on the gasoline car, its two driving engines are identical with above-mentioned 5 cylinder machines, 3 cylinder machine principles, because two shared 1 change speed gear boxs of shared 1 power-transfer clutch of driving engine, so, compare with above-mentioned 5 cylinders, 3 cylinder two-shipper gasoline multi point injection cars, many troubles have been saved, its single two-shipper conversion is carried out when driving engine does not turn round, its advantage is an easy operating simple in structure, shortcoming be two driving engines together, it is bigger to take up room, be not easy to settle, this car is when duplex running, each grade all has powerful motivation, top-gear can have the very high speed of a motor vehicle, and do not needing the very high speed of a motor vehicle, unit can satisfy under the situation of each grade power demand, but at this moment light locomotive running has reached the order ground of fuel-economizing.Because diesel-powered vehicles such as heavy multiaxis bogie are fully loaded with two driving engines, sky is sailed with 1 driving engine, they just can kill engine in entrucking or when unloading, carry out single two-shipper conversion, very convenient like this, and the car that carries out single two-shipper conversion for killing engine, need a vehicle of in advancing, carrying out single two-shipper conversion, though some also are necessary for complex structures, method is to engage with the major-minor driving engine between the open circuited control shelves at assistant engine to adorn a power-transfer clutch, on assistant engine, install a Starting motor additional, and the power control switch of assistant engine is housed, as for the safety devices such as engage a gear of two driving engines, with illustrate in 5 cylinder machines, the 3 cylinder machines similar, just do not explained one by one here.

Claims (10)

1. (1) a kind of can fuel-efficient automobile, it is characterized in that it has two driving engines, one of them driving engine has two or more cylinder numbers, another driving engine has one or more cylinder number, and the cylinder number of two driving engines according to actual needs can combination in any, it is characterized in that the cylinder on its two driving engines, necessary cylinder on a driving engine, all are measure-alike, but it is characterized in that it sometimes monomotor travel, can twin-enginedly travel sometimes.
2. (2) automobile according to claim 1 is characterized in that, cylinder, cylinder diameter, stroke dimension on two driving engines are the same, and compression ratio is the same.
3. (3) automobile according to claim 1, but it is characterized in that all individual operations of two driving engines, also can turn round jointly, rotating speed is the same when turning round jointly, and each cylinder equates that at the fuel that any rotating speed obtains air demand equates.
4. (4) automobile according to claim 1 is characterized in that a driving engine and type of drive arrange that as preposition front drive automobile the gear number is also the same with preposition front drive automobile.
5. (5) automobile according to claim 1 is characterized in that a driving engine and type of drive arrange as the RE/RD automobile, has only one to connect shelves.
6. (6) according to the described automobile of claim 12345, but it is characterized in that F/F independent drive front-wheel makes running car, and each grade speed of a motor vehicle is arranged.
7. (7) according to the described automobile of claim 12345, it is characterized in that when preposition engine drive front-wheel (when the quickest shelves of connection travel), rear-mounted engine can drive trailing wheel (after connecting gear), and twin-engined common runnings drive front and back wheel and make galloping.
8. (8), it is characterized in that rear-mounted engine is equipped with automatic starter, and safety device all is housed at the place of putting into gear of front and back driving engine according to the described automobile of claim 12345.
9. (9) according to the described automobile of claim 1234, the change speed gear box that it is characterized in that rear engine is the same with the change speed gear box gear number of front engine, and can link, each gear speed of a motor vehicle all can be used two driving engines, the change speed gear box of rear engine is equipped with in addition to connect and disconnects shelves, when needing, each gear speed of a motor vehicle also can be used a driving engine.
10. (10) according to the described automobile of claim 123, it is characterized in that two driving engines between sustainer, main engine and power-transfer clutch and position, assistant engine rear portion by gear mesh or disengagement, assistant engine does not have power-transfer clutch, during the sustainer, main engine light locomotive running, is out of gear, secondary machine does not turn round, the main frame unit drives running car, during duplex running, and gear mesh, two-shipper turns round jointly, and two-shipper drives running car jointly.