CN1198974C - 机能性人造棉的制造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供一种使用活性碳制造机能性人造棉的方法,其特征在于,把由85%活性碳和含有15%银的无机抗菌载体组成的混合粉末0.5~20%,和从聚酯、尼龙、丙烯树脂、聚丙烯树脂、硅酮树脂中的任一成分选择的树脂80~99.5%进行混合,然后用通常方法进行熔融拉丝。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种使用活性碳制造机能性人造棉的方法,更具体地说,涉及一种把碳中活性化性质良好的碳粉均匀地混合到聚酯、尼龙、丙烯树脂、聚丙烯树脂、硅酮树脂等树脂成分中,以制造机能性人造棉的方法。
背景技术
一般来说,碳在275℃以上产生热分解,在500~600℃被制成黑煤,在900~1200℃被制成活性碳。
这样制得的活性碳含有84%的碳、7%的水分、6%的矿物质和3%的挥发性成分,被活性化的碳具有很强的物理-化学吸附力。
物理吸附时,因吸附剂表面和吸附物质间没有共用电子,所以吸附物质通过例如分子间的引力,即分散力被置于暂时被捕捉到吸附剂表面附近的状态下,呈现出强吸附性质。
化学吸附时,在吸附剂和吸附物质间通过电子的移动呈现吸附性质。
这种性质使活性碳发挥着抗菌、干湿、脱臭、净化等效果,并有放出阴离子及远红外线的作用。
使用具有这些特征的活性碳的各种技术开发在活跃地开展着,韩国专利申请第1997-12431号公开了向黄土加入碳粉的建筑材料用灰浆的制造方法,韩国专利申请第1997-38772号公开了使用碳的箔片,韩国专利申请第1999-6695号公开了含有碳粉的纸类的制造方法,韩国专利申请第1998-60520号公开了含有碳粉的建筑用内装板,但上述发明均未提示本发明所述的向聚酯、尼龙、丙烯树脂、聚丙烯树脂、硅酮树脂等中添加一定量的一定粒度的活性碳,混合后制造人造棉的方法,未能充分发挥出活性碳的特性。
另外,一般装入被褥、坐垫、枕头等中的棉主要使用天然棉、人造棉、或把天然棉和人造棉混合得到的合成棉。
但是,天然棉、人造棉以及合成棉没有放出类似活性碳的阴离子及远红外线的效果,所以不具有卫生地吸收睡眠时体内分泌出的汗等分泌物、防止发生恶臭和病原菌的机能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,提供一种加入了活性碳的人造棉的制造方法,制造均匀地混合了活性碳粉的人造棉,能够保持活性碳固有的特性。
为实现前述目的,根据本发明的机能性人造棉的制造方法的特征是,把由85%活性碳和含有15%银的无机抗菌载体组成的混合粉末0.5~20%,和从聚酯、尼龙、丙烯树脂、聚丙烯树脂、硅酮树脂中的任一成分选择的树脂80~99.5%进行混合,然后用通常方法进行熔融拉丝。
前述混合粉末的粒子直径大小的特征是,棉的粗细为3旦尼尔以下时是0.7~2μm,7旦尼尔时是1.5μm~7μm,15旦尼尔时是2μm~10μm。
前述活性碳的特征是,在寒冬把柞树、竹子、赛黑桦、栗树、桑树、柳树、梣树、白桦、柏树、松树、樱树、山茶树、赤杨树、梧桐树切断干燥,在圆形锅中加热到900~1200℃后,粉碎成比面积为2500m2/g~1200m2/g的粉末后使用。
前述含有银的无机系抗菌载体的特征是,载体中为选自沸石、二氧化钛、绢云母、黑云母、白云母、伊利水云母、云母片岩、硫酸钡、电石中的任一成分。
具体实施方式
下面,对本发明做进一步详细说明。
根据本发明的机能性人造棉的制造方法,制造了下述活性碳后,使作为人造棉的素材使用的聚酯、尼龙、丙烯树脂、聚丙烯树脂、硅酮树脂等树脂成分中均匀地含有微细的活性碳,根据必要用途制造人造棉。
本发明的活性碳的制造步骤如下。
首先,把用作活性碳材料的木材切断成合适尺寸(直径18~20cm、长1~1.5cm)。此时所使用的木材主要有柞树、竹子、赛黑桦、栗树、桑树、柳树、梣树、白桦、柏树、松树、樱树、山茶树、赤杨树、梧桐树等,为充分保持木材的营养成分,最好在冬季切断。
把切断的木材干燥一天,然后竖着放满锅中,并使根部朝上。所使用的锅最好是能热反射的圆形锅。
然后,把锅完全密封后,点火并燃烧规定时间(约7天),以去除木材中的水分并使冒出白烟。此时,锅的温度大约是400℃,木材产生热分解并进行碳化。之后,继续燃烧约6~7天,直到通过木材的热分解冒出青烟(此时的温度是900~1200℃)。
之后,调节空气,以去除因碳的精烟而产生的挥发性气体,打开锅并用土覆盖使其冷却。经过以上步骤后,木材即变成活性碳,使用10吨木材大约能制得1吨活性碳。
把这样制得的活性碳粉碎成比面积为2500m2/g~1200m2/g的粉末。该2500m2/g~1200m2/g范围的比面积是把活性碳添加到人造棉素材的合成树脂中,从该合成树脂可以熔融拉丝的合适规格,这样制得的活性碳粉末显示出了除臭、吸附及抗菌的优良特性。
另外,本发明在活性碳粉末中,混合有含有3~7%银(Ag)成分的无机系抗菌剂,相对于碳粉末,其重量是15~45%。这样,能获得更良好的抗菌及除臭机能。
作为含有前述银(Ag)的无机系抗菌剂的载体,可以使用沸石、二氧化钛、绢云母、黑云母、白云母、伊利水云母、云母片岩、硫酸钡、电石等。
根据本发明的机能性人造棉的制造方法,使用聚酯、尼龙、丙烯树脂、聚丙烯树脂、硅酮树脂等树脂成分制造棉时,添加了前述银成分的活性碳粉末的添加量是,相对于最终树脂成分,其重量在0.5~20%范围。
棉的粗细在3旦尼尔以下时,考虑到作业性和后道加工,前述粉末的平均粒子大小最好是0.7~2μm,在7旦尼尔以下时最好是1.5~7μm,在15旦尼尔以下时最好是2~10μm。若超出了前述粉末的粒子直径范围,会产生棉的柔软性劣化、熔融混合困难、棉的拉伸性劣化、拉丝时出现断丝现象。
这种把粉末混合到聚酯等树脂中的方法,可以从原料树脂的聚合过程添加前述粉末制成混合树脂片屑后,把其熔融拉丝以制造棉,或者把事先聚合好的树脂和前述粉末混合制成母体混合物,把该母体混合物和树脂混合并进行熔融拉丝,以制得含有所希望含量的前述粉末的棉。
此外,原料树脂是丙烯树脂时,可以使用把粉末制成浆状进行混合拉丝的方法制造棉。
把通过上述的本发明制造的含有活性碳的人造棉的实施例和不含有活性碳的活性棉的比较例进行实验,结果如表1所示。此处的粉末使用的是重量比中活性碳85%和15%沸石系及云母系无机抗菌剂的混合粉末,其无机抗菌剂中的银(Ag)含量是5%。
有关抗菌性,按照KS K 0890标准、使用大肠菌进行了试验,关于除臭性评价,利用KICM-FIR-1004方法对氨气(NH3)进行了测定。对远红外线放射率,使用FT-IR测定了5μm~20μm区域的平均放射率。
表1
远红外线放射率(%) | 抗菌性(%) | NH3除去率(%) | 树脂种类及其粗细 | 粉末含有量(wt%) | |
实施例1 | 90 | 94 | 82 | 聚酯2旦尼尔 | |
实施例2 | 91 | 97 | 84 | 丙烯2旦尼尔 | |
实施例3 | 94 | 97 | 89 | 尼龙2旦尼尔 | |
实施例4 | 96 | 99 | 90 | 聚丙烯2旦尼尔 | |
实施例5 | 97 | 99 | 91 | 聚酯2旦尼尔 |
比较例1 | 85 | 12 | 10 | 聚酯2旦尼尔 | |
比较例2 | 86 | 10 | 12 | 丙烯2旦尼尔 | |
比较例3 | 90 | 40 | 70 | 聚酯7旦尼尔 | |
实施例6 | 91 | 95.5 | 92 | 聚酯7旦尼尔 | |
实施例7 | 95 | 97 | 90 | 聚酯15旦尼尔 | |
实施例8 | 93 | 98.5 | 91 | 聚丙烯7旦尼尔 |
发明效果
如上所述,把根据本发明的机能性人造棉的制造方法制得的人造棉用作被褥、夹克等纤维类内衬时,利用活性碳的抗菌、吸附、脱臭除臭、远红外线反射效果,可以使人体机能活性化。
Claims (2)
1、一种机能性人造棉的制造方法,是将一种混合粉末与选自聚酯、尼龙、丙烯树脂、聚丙烯树脂、硅酮树脂中的任一树脂进行混合,再用常规方法进行熔融拉丝,其特征在于,所述混合粉末是由85重量%比表面积为1200-2500m2/g的活性炭和15重量%的含银无机抗菌载体组成,该混合粉末与树脂的混合比例为0.5-20重量%:80-99.5重量%,其中,混合粉末的粒子直径大小是,棉的粗细为3旦尼尔以下时是0.7~2μm,7旦尼尔时是1.5μm~7μm,15旦尼尔时是2μm~10μm。
2、如权利要求1的机能性人造棉的制造方法,其特征在于,无机系抗菌剂的载体为选自沸石、二氧化钛、绢云母、黑云母、白云母、伊利水云母、云母片岩、硫酸钡、电石中的任一成分。
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CN107159166A (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-09-15 | 长春工业大学 | 一种改性伊利石负载纳米银抑菌材料及其制备方法 |
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