CN1198848A - Electrode for spark plugs of internal combustion engines and process for manufacturing the same - Google Patents
Electrode for spark plugs of internal combustion engines and process for manufacturing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1198848A CN1198848A CN97191027A CN97191027A CN1198848A CN 1198848 A CN1198848 A CN 1198848A CN 97191027 A CN97191027 A CN 97191027A CN 97191027 A CN97191027 A CN 97191027A CN 1198848 A CN1198848 A CN 1198848A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- wear
- coating
- resistant overcoat
- resistant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002347 wear-protection layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009760 electrical discharge machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000951 Aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003026 anti-oxygenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002816 nickel compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/39—Selection of materials for electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
- H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
Abstract
A spark plug for internal combustion engines is disclosed. At least one of the electrodes of the spark plug is protected, in particular wear-protected, by an anti-wear layer applied by laser powder coating.
Description
Prior art
The present invention relates to a sparking-plug electrode with electrode matrix, electrode matrix is made of metal, and also relates to a method of making this electrode.By DE 3612135 A1 a kind of electrode is disclosed especially for the contre electrode of lighting flammable mixture and/or grounding electrode, wherein, has a conductivity as the surface of the excessive surperficial usefulness of spark, anti-especially that ablate and first coating and one second coating good adhesion, it makes first coating obtain a less electronics-work function.This coating is finished in plasma spray coating process.
Popular spark plug generally has a contre electrode and a grounding electrode, and wherein, the most advanced and sophisticated of two electrodes settle so mutually, promptly spark gap is that (meeting under discharge requires) is by freely.Produce by the spark between two electrodes that continue, significantly wearing and tearing are then born at this tip.This issue table is understood the temperature tolerance to this eletrode tip, and corrosion resistance and thermal expansion character have high requirement.Spark erosion and oxidative phenomena cause huge load equally.
The method of a usefulness erosion-resisting material to the eletrode tip coating disclosed by DE-4039778.According to this file, electrode matrix or have only eletrode tip to be provided with an intermetallic phase transformation stage.The making in this intermetallic phase transformation stage then can cause the production cost height.In addition, this intermetallic phase transformation stage also shows a very fragile characteristic.Under the alloying situation in this intermetallic phase transformation stage, corrosion resistance and antioxygenic property have all obviously descended.
Advantage of the present invention
The advantage that has according to electrode of the present invention is, this wear-resistant overcoat by the laser powder coating way lining put, its application aborning is obviously simple, and allows to have the combination of the different chemical composition material of less mutual immixture.This laser powder coating (also being sometimes referred to as laser spraying) can be implemented in covers the wear-resistant overcoat of putting one deck in the single job step.Use this method, can be implemented in the good adhesiveness on present all electrode materials on all electrode materials, this electrode is made of a kind of composite material (the copper core body also has coating shell on a kind of nickel alloy basis) in general.This laser--coating process has advantage and is, can cover according to this put hard limiting with the accurate coating in place.
Can make the sparking-plug electrode of in independent claims, determining realize favourable modification structures and improvement project by the measure that limits in the dependent claims.Particularly advantageous is that different materials can be put as the corrosion-resistant coating lining that is used for eletrode tip.Simultaneously, use as metal, metal alloy, cermet or oxide etc. all can be expected.
Simultaneously, the subregion of electrode also can be coated, as eletrode tip, and the electrode shell zone, or have the electrode surface of otch or conical socket.
Accompanying drawing
The embodiment of the invention is described in the accompanying drawings and does in the following description to explain in detail.
Fig. 1 has shown the flow sheet of signal, and it is used to make a kind of sparking-plug electrode with corrosion-resistant coating;
Fig. 2 and 3 is two embodiment that are used for coated electrode body
The explanation of embodiment
The coating process that the present invention has used modern times for example is used for sparking-plug electrode to be used to making wear-resistant overcoat.Heating power spraying as modern surface treatment provides multiple application possibility for this reason.Therefore, also can be provided with by refractory metal by the member of metal manufacturing under situation of the present invention by the basic material of difference maximum, the coating that oxide and cermet constitute is resistance to worn and anticorrosion being used to.Nearly all coating material so long as can make powder shape, can processedly use.This spraying additive is transfused in the enough thermals source of energy and is melted.The particle of the liquationization of these coating materials then hits by acceleration on the direction of a matrix and with the highest speed and touches, so that constitute a layer thing.During this technology, this matrix generally bears an only less heating power load.This spray stream is spatially limited in all processes strongly, even like this, also exists tangible injection loss.But laser spraying but constitutes an exception, and wherein, coating material is blown in the focus area of a laser jet at leisure by a kind of carrier gas.Simultaneously, by this laser jet, matrix also is melted, and therefore, when fusing, just produces a connection between matrix and coating material.The characteristics of this laser spraying are to relate to a real single-stage technology.Up to now be that a surface of the work is at first coated, is replenished processing by laser jet then in one second course of work.In this method, two steps are combined together.This laser sprays that at first to use the net work rate be several kilowatts CO
2--laser.The characteristics of the layered material of heating power spraying be bed thickness at 100 μ m to the zone of several mm, wherein, this bonding mechanism is both based on the clamping action of machinery, adhesive attraction, diffusion, the combination of chemistry or again based on the power effect of static.By this laser powder coating; the electrode of being made by different base-materials is provided with by the high melting-point metal; alloy; cermet and other compound (silicon; oxide, aluminide, boride; nickel compound, chromium compounds) the anti-spark erosion and wear that constitutes and the anti-wear protection layer of corrosive wear.Therefore, particularly copper that in the past only can coating under difficult condition, just can well coating by the laser powder coating technology, and copper can constitute the core body of an electrode of being made by composite material as good heat conductor.Verified, alloy NiCr
31Al
11Y
0.5And RuAl
11Be particularly suitable for coating and wear resistence is arranged especially.These materials according to thermal shock test and check running time, are compared with applied wear Protection layer now and to be had the significantly stability of improvement.
Fig. 1 has shown the production procedure of being processed sparking-plug electrode by a kind of composite wire with sketch.In station S1, the copper wires of this nickel material shell promptly is used for the original material of electrode, is pulled out and calibrate diameter by a roller.Station S
2Manufacture accurate in size wire rod section 1, it is at station S
3Middle jumping-up is to manufacture electrode tip holder 8.At station S
4In, cover with a laser and to put wear-resistant layer structure, before this, this electrode matrix will be pruned.In last station S5, the electrode of having finished coating these this moments is replenished to be handled, and these burrs for example remove by grinding.This electrode is blocked every in ceramic body after its completion.
Fig. 2 shows a contre electrode 1, and it is coated according to the inventive method of Fig. 1.People find out, can cover with this method and put very accurate and thin layer structure.Simultaneously, the geometry of workpiece is also inoperative.This coating operation occurs in electrode is encased in before the ceramic body.5 places, excessive position between housing coating 4 and electrode body 1 are equipped with the phase between electrode body and coating of well separating, and it for example has the thickness of a 0.5mm.This electrode matrix must be by Mechanical Builds in being used for the coating scope of coating.In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the copper wires of this nickel material shell is placed on the diameter that reduces with smear metal processing or non-smear metal processing ground mode.Must expect simultaneously, when this copper core body is not exposed the arrangement, because if not will cause corrosion phenomenon.If, show as Fig. 2, when end surfaces should be not coated, just must use a kind of heating power technology with strong beam, that is to say laser beam injection method or electron ion ray spraying method.A kind of plasma ray then provides a wide heating power scope.
Can find out that as Fig. 3 this opposite electrode 3 that is installed in the spark-plug body 2 also can be provided with a coating, its be covered in the present embodiment put a taper dark recessed 7 in.Herein, this coating can be blocked to be trapped in the housing and implement later on again at electrode, and at this moment, people use a laser spraying technology.
This coating process also can make other electrode put with the anti-wear protection layer except being used for contre electrode.Herein, this coating (technology) almost can be used for any geometry.The end face of the contre electrode that it can be used for pushing--or case surface coating is used for the coating of the shape wire of grounding electrode, perhaps the coating of electrode discs (Ronde) or the coating of platinum electrode.
Claims (8)
1, the electrode that is used for sparking plug for internal combustion engine has a kind of wear-resistant overcoat of putting that covers on electrode, it is characterized in that:
For the coating of electrode, a laser aid is set as the heating power source; This wear-resistant overcoat is can cover by the laser powder coating process to put under the coating material condition of using powder shape in a job step.
2, by the described electrode of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
This wear-resistant overcoat is by metal or by metal alloy, preferably is made of nickel alloy or scarce metallic compound.
3, by the described electrode of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
This wear-resistant overcoat is made of cermet.
4, by the described electrode of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
This wear-resistant overcoat is made of metallic compound.
5, by the described electrode of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
End face on the tip of a contre electrode and/or outer peripheral face are provided with a wear-resistant overcoat.
6, by the described electrode of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
On the surface that is notched at the tip of a grounding electrode (Massen) and/or a wear-resistant protective layer is set on the end face.
7, by the described electrode of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
On the dark recessed surface of the taper on the tip of grounding electrode, a wear-resistant overcoat is set.
8, be used to manufacture the method for the electrode that a sparking plug for internal combustion engine uses, step is finished one cover the wear-resistant overcoat of putting on electrode in the following method:
A) the basic wire rod as the electrode original material is made diameter calibrated;
B) cut into accurate in size section material;
C) surface that makes eletrode tip jumping-up and finishing want coating;
D) cover with the laser powder coating process and put this wear-resistant overcoat;
E) replenish processing.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19631985.4 | 1996-08-08 | ||
| DE19631985A DE19631985A1 (en) | 1996-08-08 | 1996-08-08 | Electrode with a wear-resistant coating, spark plug and process for its manufacture |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1198848A true CN1198848A (en) | 1998-11-11 |
Family
ID=7802101
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97191027A Pending CN1198848A (en) | 1996-08-08 | 1997-08-02 | Electrode for spark plugs of internal combustion engines and process for manufacturing the same |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0860043B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH11514145A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1198848A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9706642A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19631985A1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUP9901495A3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998007220A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100456585C (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2009-01-28 | 株式会社电装 | Spark plug with noble metal chip joined by unique laser welding and fabrication method thereof |
| CN101064414B (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2010-11-03 | 柳孟柱 | Compound center electrode of vehicle plug and its preparing method |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19939319B4 (en) * | 1999-07-29 | 2004-05-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Spark plug for an internal combustion engine |
| DE10120563A1 (en) * | 2001-04-03 | 2002-11-07 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co | Surge protection element and surge protection device |
| DE10348778B3 (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2005-07-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sparking plug electrode has a primary material combined with 2-20 per cent secondary material in powder pure metal form |
| DE102004023459A1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2005-12-15 | Beru Ag | Method for producing a spark plug |
| DE102005018674A1 (en) * | 2005-04-21 | 2006-10-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electrode for a spark plug |
| DE102010004345B4 (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2018-02-22 | Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg | Electrode for flame monitoring on a heating burner |
| WO2014024501A1 (en) | 2012-08-09 | 2014-02-13 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Spark plug |
| DE102015115746B4 (en) | 2015-09-17 | 2017-04-27 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | A method of manufacturing a spark plug ignition electrode and spark plug made therewith |
| WO2022234492A1 (en) | 2021-05-04 | 2022-11-10 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Spark plug electrode and method of manufacturing the same |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE686426C (en) * | 1938-02-12 | 1940-01-10 | Wippermann Jr Akt Ges | Process for the production of an erosion-proof protective coating on spark plug electrodes |
| US3947654A (en) * | 1973-10-24 | 1976-03-30 | Sirius Corporation | Method of generating laser-radio beam |
| DE3612135A1 (en) * | 1986-04-10 | 1987-10-15 | Kuno Dr Ing Kirner | Electrode for igniting combustible mixtures of gases and vapours |
| DE4039778C1 (en) * | 1990-12-13 | 1992-05-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De | |
| JPH05234662A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1993-09-10 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Electrode for spark plug and its manufacture |
-
1996
- 1996-08-08 DE DE19631985A patent/DE19631985A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-08-02 WO PCT/DE1997/001637 patent/WO1998007220A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-08-02 DE DE59709228T patent/DE59709228D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-02 CN CN97191027A patent/CN1198848A/en active Pending
- 1997-08-02 BR BR9706642A patent/BR9706642A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-08-02 JP JP10509285A patent/JPH11514145A/en active Pending
- 1997-08-02 HU HU9901495A patent/HUP9901495A3/en unknown
- 1997-08-02 EP EP97936587A patent/EP0860043B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100456585C (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2009-01-28 | 株式会社电装 | Spark plug with noble metal chip joined by unique laser welding and fabrication method thereof |
| CN101064414B (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2010-11-03 | 柳孟柱 | Compound center electrode of vehicle plug and its preparing method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HUP9901495A3 (en) | 2000-03-28 |
| EP0860043A1 (en) | 1998-08-26 |
| HUP9901495A2 (en) | 1999-09-28 |
| DE59709228D1 (en) | 2003-03-06 |
| JPH11514145A (en) | 1999-11-30 |
| EP0860043B1 (en) | 2003-01-29 |
| BR9706642A (en) | 1999-01-12 |
| WO1998007220A1 (en) | 1998-02-19 |
| DE19631985A1 (en) | 1998-02-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |