CN1197510A - 为光学组件提供反馈的装置和方法 - Google Patents

为光学组件提供反馈的装置和方法 Download PDF

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CN1197510A
CN1197510A CN97190901A CN97190901A CN1197510A CN 1197510 A CN1197510 A CN 1197510A CN 97190901 A CN97190901 A CN 97190901A CN 97190901 A CN97190901 A CN 97190901A CN 1197510 A CN1197510 A CN 1197510A
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叶展宏
奥斯汀V·哈顿
蒋文斌
迈克尔·莱比
丹尼尔M·卢瑞
詹姆斯J·莫里库恩尼
卡尔·怀亚特
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Motorola Solutions Inc
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Abstract

本发明提供了为给光学组件提供光反馈的装置(200,300)与方法(100)。此装置包括:光发射器响应输入电流(208)而产生光束;部分反射全息光学元件/反射器(204),布置成可使此光束的第一预定部分从该部分反射全息光学元件/反射器出射,同时使此光束的第二预定部分衍射到光传感器;上述的光传感器,它安排成可接收这光束的第二预定部分并根据所接收的此光束第二预定部分的光功率,产生反馈以调节该光发射器的输入电流。

Description

为光学组件提供反馈的装置和方法
本发明涉及到为需要光发射器的种种应用中提供光反馈,更具体涉及到应用全息图作为反馈机制。
一般地说,本发明涉及垂直腔表面发射激光器(VCSEL)。
VCSEL是一种半导体激光二极管,其中的激光振荡与光发射发生于垂直PN结平面的方向。这种器件与更普遍使用的边缘发射激光二极管相比有许多优越的性质。这些性质包括:低的光束发散、圆形光输出以及单一的纵模作业。此外,VCSEL器件是在可对各器件作晶片级测试的方式下制造。这些性质使得VCSEL在例如光数据存储、数据通信与激光扫描器等的应用中有吸引力。
在采用半导体激光器的大多数***中,要求能从动态上稳定和控制光输出功率。在边缘发射激光二极管中,上述要求通常是这样地实现的:允许由此激光二极管发射部分的光,即利用由此激光二极管的后向反射镜反射的光进行偏压控制,照射一光电探测器,后者产生一正比于激光二极管发出的光强的光电流。这一由光产生的光电流本身又驱动一控制激光器偏压电流的反馈电路。但由于VCSEL的结构,后向反射镜发射的光则为GaAs衬底吸收。这样,应用后向反射镜发射的光的***不能用于偏压控制。
曾尝试过用单片集成的光电探测器从顶部或底部反射镜来探测激光,见“Monolithic Integration of Photodetector with Verticol CavitySurface Emitting Laser”,G.Has nain et al.,Electronic Letters,Vol.27,No.18,Aug,29,1991,pp 1630-1632。这种装置尽管具有吸引力,但复杂和可能要高价制作。还提出了集成横向探测器,见“Feedback Mechanismfor Vertical Cavity surface Emitting lasers”,End Tabatataie,U.S.Patent No.5285466。这一种技术限于只能探测激光器发射的自发光。由此而形成了不与VCSEL的总的光功率成比例的光电流。
于是需要有为光学组件有效地对于光发射器提供自动光反馈的装置和方法。
图1以图表形式表明了本发明的方法中各步骤的一种实施形式。
图2是本发明的装置的一种实施形式的流程图。
图3是本发明的装置的一种实施形式的示意表示。
下面详述最佳的实施形式。
本发明给光发射器提供了自动功率控制的反馈机制,从而为这种光发射器提供了输入电流的自动调节。这种方法改进了半导体激光二极管的功率稳定性。
利用这种反馈机制的优点之一是,能使包含全息光学元件的整个组件与光发射器适配而不需作显著的机械变动。反馈电流可以由全息光学元件的衍射效率控制,这是因为反射本领是由全息光学元件的结构确定。这方面的结构包括全息膜的折射率调制辐度、厚度与光栅构造。
此外,采用全息光学元件还能控制发送给光传感器的光束尺寸,从而能让人选用较既有技术可能有的更小型的探测器。
本发明应用全息图将VCSEL顶面上发射的光一预定部分导引到相邻分离的光电探测器上。这样,所产生的光电流正比于VCSEL的总的光功率。此外,能把这种全息图设计成反射预定百分比的总的光输出功率。还能利用这种全息图减少光传感元件上的照明面积。这样便可减小所需光电探测器的尺寸。
图1以标号100表明本发明的方法中各步骤实施形式的图表表示。这种方法为光学组件提供光反馈。此方法包括下述步骤:A)响应输入电流,用光发射器产生光束(102);B)用部分反射全息光学元件/反射器将此光束的第一预定部分导引到从此部分反射全息光学元件/反射器射出,同时将此光束的第二预定部分衍射到光传感器上(104);C)根据设置用来接收此光束第二预定部分的光传感器所接收此第二预定部分的光功率,产生用于光发射器输入电流调节的反馈(106)。
上述部分反射全息光学元件/反射器可选择为下述的一种:A)全息膜上记录的部分反射体全息光学元件;B)不同于部分反射体全息光学元件的衍射光学元件;以及C)按预定角度倾斜的部分反射面。所述光发射器通常是下述中之一:A)边缘发射激光器;B)垂直腔表面发射激光器;以及C)发光二极管。前述光传感器一般至少要是光电探测器。
图2中的标号200指表明本发明的装置的一种实施形式的流程图。这种为光学组件提供光反馈的装置包括光发射器(202)、部分反射全息光学元件或反射器(204)以及光传感器。光发射器(202)响应输入电流而产生光束。部分反射全息光学元件/反射器(204)安装成,允许此光束的第一预定部分从该反射全息光学元件/反射器出射,同时使此光束的第二预定部分衍射到光传感器(206)。光传感器(206)布置成可接收此光束的第二预定部分,根据所接收的这光束的第二预定部分的光功率,为上述光发射器的输入电流调节产生反馈。一般,上述光传感器(206)给为此光发射器(202)供给输入电流的电流控制器(208)提供反馈电流。
在上述方法中,部分反射全息光学元件/反射器(202)通常是下述之中的一种:A)全息膜上记录的部分反射体全息光学元件;B)不同于部分反射体全息光学元件的衍射光学元件;以及C)依预定角度倾斜的部分反射面。光反射器(204)一般是下述中的一种:A)边缘发射激光器;B)垂直腔表面发射激光器;以及C)发光二极管。通常把光电探测器用作光传感器(206)。
光存储器可以利用本发明的装置。典型的光存储器有:CD(光盘)播放机、DVD(数据视盘)播放机、CD只读存储器驱动器、磁光盘驱动器与激光盘播放机。
图3中的标号300指本发明装置一种实施形式的示意表示。在此实施形式中,这一装置通常为封闭性单元,具有光发射器(302)、用来将激光束部分反射到光扫描器(306)上的部分反射全息光学元件或反射器(304),后者还允许将另一预定部分的激光束传送到此封闭性单元之外。
在不脱离本发明的精神与实质性特征的前提下,本发明还可以由其它具体形式实施。所描述的一些实施形式在其一切方面都只能视作为说明性的而非限制。因此,本发明的范围应该是由后附权利要求书而不是由前面的描述指明。
在与权利要求书等效的意义与范围内的所有变动都应包括在权利要求书的范围内。

Claims (10)

1.为光学组件提供光反馈的装置,它包括:
1A)光发射器,对输入电流作出响应而产生光束;
1B)部分反射全息光学元件/反射器,布置成允许上述光束的第一预定部分从此部分反射全息光学元件/反射器出射,并允许此光束的第二预定部分衍射到光传感器;
1C)光传感器,布置成可接收上述光束的第二预定部分,而根据所接收的此光束的第二预定部分为用来调节该光发射器的输入电流产生反馈。
2.权利要求1所述装置,其中包括2A-2C中的至少一个;
2A)部分反射全息光学元件/反射器,它是2A1-2A3中之一:
2A1)全息膜上记录的部分反射体全息光学元件;
2A2)不同于部分反射体全息光学元件的衍射光学元件;以及
2A3)按预定角度倾斜的部分反射表面;
2B)其中的光发射器是2B1-2B3中之一:
2B1)边缘发射激光器;
2B2)垂直腔表面发射激光器;以及
2B3)发光二极管。
3.为光学组件中垂直腔表面发射激光器的自动功率控制提供光反馈的装置,此装置包括:
3A)光发射器,对输入电流作出响应而产生光束;
3B)部分反射全息光学元件,布置成允许上述光束的第一预定部分从此光学组件出射,同时允许上述光束的第二预定部分衍射到光电探测器;
3C)光电探测器,布置成接收此光束的第二预定部分,并根据所接收的这一光束的第二预定部分的光功率产生反馈电流。
4.为光学组件提供光反馈的方法,此方法包括下述步骤:
4A)应用光发射器,响应输入电流产生光束;
4B)用部分反射全息光学元件/反射器将上述光束的第一预定部分导引到从此部分反射全息光学元件/反射器出射,并使此光束的第二预定部分衍射到光传感器;
4C)根据布置成接收所述光束第二预定部分的光传感器所接收的此光束第二预定部分的光功率,产生为调节给予此光发射器的输入电流的反馈。
5.权利要求4所述的方法,其中包括下述的5A-5C中的至少之一,
5A)所述部分反射全息光学元件/反射器是以下的5A1-5A3中之一:
5A1)记录在全息膜上的部分反射体全息光学元件;
5A2)不同于部分反射体全息光学元件的衍射光学元件;以及
5A3)按预定角度倾斜的部分反射表面;
5B)所述光发射器是以下的5B1-5B3中之一:
5B1)边缘发射激光器;
5B2)垂直腔表面发射激光器;以及
5B3)发光二极管。
5C)所述光传感器至少是光电探测器。
6.为光学组件中垂直腔表面发射激光器的自动功率控制提供光反馈的方法,它包括:
6A)应用光发射器,响应输入电流产生光束;
6B)应用部分反射全息光学元件将此光束的第一预定部分导引到从该部分反射全息光学元件出射,同时使此光束的第二预定部分衍射到光电探测器;
6C)用布置成接收上述光束第二预定部分的上述光电探测器所接收的此光束第二预定部分的光功率,产生反馈以调节光发射器的输入电流。
7.为光学组件提供光反馈的装置,此装置包括:
7A)光发射器,它响应输入电流产生光束;
7B)部分反射全息光学元件/反射器,它被布置成允许此光束的第一预定部分从此部分反射全息光学元件/反射器出射,并使此光束的第二预定部分衍射到光传感器;
7C)上述光传感器安排成可接收此光束的第二预定部分,根据所接收的该光束的第二预定部分的光功率,产生反馈以调节该光发射器的输入电流。
8.具有为光学组件提供光反馈的装置的条形码扫描器,其中此装置包括:
8A)光发射器,它响应输入电流产生光束;
8B)部分反射全息光学元件/反射器,它被布置成允许此光束的第一预定部分从此部分反射全息光学元件/反射器出射,并使此光束的第二预定部分衍射到光传感器;
8C)上述光传感器安排成可接收此光束的第二预定部分,根据所接收的该光束的第二预定部分的光功率,产生反馈以调节该光发射器的输入电流。
9.具有为光学组件提供光反馈的装置的光通信链路,其中此装置包括:
9A)光发射器,它响应输入电流产生光束;
9B)部分反射全息光学元件/反射器,它被布置成允许此光束的第一预定部分从此部分反射全息光学文件/反射器出射,并使此光束的第二预定部分衍射到光传感器;
9C)上述光传感器安排成可接收此光束的第二预定部分,根据可接收的该光束的第二预定部分的光功率,产生反馈、以调节该光发射器的输入电流。
10.具有为光学组件提供光反馈的装置的光存储器,其中此装置包括:
10A)光发射器,它响应输入电流产生光束;
10B)部分反射全息光学元件/反射器,它被布置成允许此光束的第一预定部分从此部分反射全息光学元件/反射器出射,并使此光束的第二预定部分衍射到光传感器;
10C)上述光传感器安排成可接收此光束的第二预定部分,根据所接收的该光束的第二预定部分的光功率,产生反馈以调节该光发射体发光器的输入电流,以及可选择,
10D)其中的光存储器则是下述10D1-10D5中之一:
10D1)光盘播放机;
10D2)数字视盘播放机;
10D3)光盘只读存储器驱动器;
10D4)磁光盘驱动器;及
10D5)激光盘播放机。
CN97190901A 1996-07-16 1997-07-11 为光学组件提供反馈的装置和方法 Pending CN1197510A (zh)

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CN102646925A (zh) * 2012-04-25 2012-08-22 青岛镭创光电技术有限公司 带光反馈激光模组结构

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JP4915310B2 (ja) * 2007-08-06 2012-04-11 株式会社デンソーウェーブ 光学的情報読取装置
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CN100403013C (zh) * 2000-01-07 2008-07-16 精灵全息摄影有限公司 具有全息多重图像显示的传感器
CN102646925A (zh) * 2012-04-25 2012-08-22 青岛镭创光电技术有限公司 带光反馈激光模组结构
CN102646925B (zh) * 2012-04-25 2016-02-24 青岛镭创光电技术有限公司 带光反馈激光模组结构

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TW486846B (en) 2002-05-11
CA2230811A1 (en) 1998-01-22
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KR19990044693A (ko) 1999-06-25
WO1998002719A1 (en) 1998-01-22
JPH11513198A (ja) 1999-11-09

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