CN1187722A - Method for power saving in optical communication apparatus, optical communication apparatus and method for using thereof, and optical communication system - Google Patents

Method for power saving in optical communication apparatus, optical communication apparatus and method for using thereof, and optical communication system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1187722A
CN1187722A CN97125937A CN97125937A CN1187722A CN 1187722 A CN1187722 A CN 1187722A CN 97125937 A CN97125937 A CN 97125937A CN 97125937 A CN97125937 A CN 97125937A CN 1187722 A CN1187722 A CN 1187722A
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circuit
optical communication
terminal
signal
switching
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CN97125937A
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宫下时男
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Oki Electric Industry Co Ltd
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Oki Electric Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

An optical communication apparatus having a light receiving element 11 for receiving optical signals including an optical signal calling for communication start and an optical communication circuit 13 which includes an amplifier circuit amplifying the photocurrent generated by the light receiving element 11, performs predetermined processing necessary for the optical communication, and outputs a communication terminating signal upon termination of the optical communication, and wherein there is provided a first circuit 15,whereby the power saving in the standby state can be made more effective comparing with the prior art apparatus.

Description

Optical communication apparatus, its power-economizing method and using method, and optical communication system
The present invention relates to the method for saves energy in the device that carries out optical communication with light signal, a kind of method of using this device, and a kind of optical communication system that constitutes thus.
In optical communication apparatus, be not used at device, promptly be in stand-by state when (standby time in other words), from eliminating or reducing the angle that energy takies, be need be energy-conservation.The optical communication apparatus example that carries out this energy-efficient treatment has been disclosed among the open 6-152518 (unexamined patent disclosure) of Japan Patent.The disclosure file has been instructed a kind of power-saving technology, and this technology is applicable to and is installed in the indoor network terminal (NT) of user of having ordered the fibre circuit transmission system.Say that more specifically the disclosure file is write at second hurdle the 20th to 23 row: the power supply of light-emitting element circuit in the network terminal (NT) is cut off when this terminal is in stand-by state.This article further describes at third column the 22nd to 27 row: the power supply of light receiving element and used amplifying circuit thereof is cut off in the special time of standby time.
Yet under the situation of aforementioned prior art, the power supply of light receiving element circuit and its amplifier roughly is decided to be half (seeing this article third column the 42nd to 43 row) of readiness time break time in readiness time.
Therefore, according to above-mentioned prior art, in the only about half of time of standby time, still powering in light receiving element and its amplifying circuit.
Now, let us is done a discussion in more detail.In above-mentioned prior art, express as Fig. 2 of above-mentioned this article and third column the 37th to 43 row declaratives, the network terminal (NT) repeatedly carries out the on/off operation of light receiving element and amplifying circuit power supply thereof to double the frequency of optics burst signal of office netting twine terminal (LT) input.
In this manner, when the power supply of light receiving element and amplifying circuit thereof off and on during conducting, can realize the energy-conservation of light receiving element and amplifying circuit thereof, but the detection of burst (light signal that begins to converse for a kind of request here) is unsuitable for carrying out discontinuously.
But in this prior art, when in the only about half of standby time during to the power supply of light receiving element and amplifying circuit thereof, the energy-saving effect in readiness time is not necessarily always satisfactory.
Therefore, need a kind of more efficiently Circuits System power-economizing method of exploitation, this Circuits System is used for light receiving element and optical communication apparatus that can fine this method of enforcement.
The inventor has continued developing the important research work about these class methods and device.Therefore, the inventor focus onto following some: there is not the light signal of band negative sign (-) in (1), so under light receiving element is being setovered certain suitable voltage condition during receiving optical signals, this element never fails to produce photoelectric current; (2) amplifying circuit that is used for light receiving element comprise one can make photoelectric current (DC electric current) by and do not need path (Fig. 6 to 8 sees below) to its power supply, so photoelectric current can cause the electricity in the optical communication apparatus to change; And (3) can be considered to change the control optical communication apparatus from the stand-by state to the talking state or from the variation of the stand-by state of conversing with this electricity.
According to the present invention, a kind of method of saving optical communication apparatus institute consumed power is provided, described communicator comprises that one is used for receiving and contains request begin the to converse light receiving element of light signal of light signal (light call signal hereinafter referred to as); With one comprise the amplifying circuit that amplifies photoelectric current that described light receiving element produces, and carry out the required predetermined process of optical communication and the optical communication circuit of output communication termination signal when optical communication stops.This method may further comprise the steps: for light receiving element provides a bias voltage; When the output of communication termination signal, cut off the power supply of optical communication circuit, thereby make optical communication apparatus remain on stand-by state with it; And the power supply of when light receiving element receives the light call signal, connecting the optical communication circuit, thereby make optical communication apparatus place the communication work state with the photoelectric current that it produced.
According to this method of the present invention, cut off the power supply of optical communication circuit with the communication termination signal, thereby make optical communication apparatus can enter its stand-by state.When optical communication apparatus is in stand-by state, only there is bias voltage to be added on the light receiving element, and not power supply on optical communication circuit between whole probationary period.So the amplifying circuit that is used for light receiving element is not powered yet.Therefore, light receiving element and being used to amplifies on the amplifying circuit of this element output and all has the prior art of power supply and the present invention that a great difference is arranged in the sort of half the time between probationary period.
In optical communication apparatus of the present invention,, still have bias voltage to be added on the light receiving element even device is under the stand-by state.So no matter when the light call signal arrives, light receiving element can produce photoelectric current in response to the light call signal.
Utilize these functions, its energy consumption is zero optical communication apparatus substantially when can be implemented in stand-by state, can also change communications status automatically in response to the light call signal.
The communication termination signal can be by producing with the mode that is fit to arbitrarily, the signal that stops of the representative communication sent by transmitting terminal of one of prepared beforehand for example, or one when last light signal by after a scheduled time in when not receiving new light signal by the signal (the present invention hereinafter described is like this) of the representative communication termination of receiving terminal output.
When optical communication begins, transmitting terminal can be according to the rule or the method for prior foundation, as launch rule, produce the light call signal, such light signal has preset time length or synchronous with clock pulse, and whether the current signal of sending out of its identification is light call signal (the present invention hereinafter described is like this).
The emission of communicate optical signal major part, suitable prearranging the special time of light call signal battery has fired after begins (more particularly, be entered normal operating conditions after receiving terminal is switched on after), (the present invention hereinafter described is like this).Therefore, can realize stable optical communication.
In addition, according to the present invention, a kind of optical communication apparatus is provided, it has a light receiving element that is used to receive the light signal that contains the light call signal, with one comprise the amplifying circuit that is used to amplify photoelectric current that described light receiving element produces, realize the required predetermined process of optical communication and export the optical communication circuit of communication termination signal on the optical communication terminal, one first circuit is arranged therein, this first circuit is always light receiving element provides bias voltage, make the optical communication circuit and when communicating by letter termination signal output, keep off-state as first power supply of its power supply, the photoelectric current that produces with light receiving element when light receiving element receives the light call signal makes the optical communication circuit and first power supply be in on-state, and keeps this on-state before the output of communication termination signal is arranged.
According to above-mentioned optical communication apparatus of the present invention, because first circuit has been arranged, just can accomplish: (1) is always light receiving element bias voltage is provided; (2) when the output of communication termination signal, cut off the power supply of optical communication circuit, thereby automatically make optical communication apparatus enter stand-by state, and (3) when receiving the photoelectric current that produces with light receiving element when light is called out, light receiving element make optical communication apparatus break away from stand-by state automatically.
When implementing optical communication apparatus of the present invention, first circuit is suitable to be made of a switching circuit, this switching circuit has first to fourth terminal at least, its the first terminal with link to each other for first power supply of optical communication circuit supply, second terminal links to each other with the offset side of light receiving element, the 3rd terminal links to each other with the power end of optical communication circuit, and the 4th terminal is the input that is used for received communication termination signal or associated signal, and this switching circuit always provides one based on the bias voltage of first power source voltage as light receiving element by second terminal, when light receiving element receives the light call signal, make the first terminal and the 3rd terminal become conducting state as the trigger current that flows through second terminal, and before communicate by letter termination signal or associated signal are input in the 4th terminal, keep this conducting state with photoelectric current.
In this preferred embodiment, can utilize first power supply of optical communication circuit, bias voltage is added on the light receiving element.And, when above-mentioned photoelectric current causes the second terminal electric current to change, form one and be connected in circuit on the optical communication circuit, thereby easily obtained first circuit by first power supply.
When implementing optical communication apparatus of the present invention, said switching circuit is suitable to comprise that by one the circuit as the lower part constitutes: (a) electric current folding electric circuit, it has an input, an output, with a common port, input is connected with the offset side of light receiving element, and common port is connected with the bias voltage source of bias voltage is provided for light receiving element, (b) switching circuit, it has first to fourth terminal, the first terminal is connected with first power supply of optical communication circuit, second terminal links to each other with the output of electric current folding electric circuit, the 3rd terminal links to each other with the power supply terminal of optical communication circuit, and the 4th end is an input that is used for received communication termination signal or associated signal, when light receiving element received the light call signal, this switching circuit made the first terminal and the 3rd terminal become conducting state with photoelectric current as the trigger current that flows through the electric current folding electric circuit, and have communication termination signal or associated signal be input to the 4th terminal before this conducting state of maintenance.
In this preferred embodiment, directly be connected with second terminal of switching circuit in order to make light receiving element, the negative electrode of light receiving element (or anode) is connected according to electric potential relation with second terminal of switching circuit.But when the electric current folding electric circuit, the anode of light receiving element (or negative electrode) can be connected with second terminal of switching circuit by the electric current folding electric circuit.So the design of optical communication circuit can have the very big degree of freedom.Such as, the optical communication circuit can adopt negative (-) power supply.
Arranging when comprising first circuit of switching circuit, suitable the constituting of switching circuit comprises first switching circuit that produces a switching signal in response to photoelectric current, with one by the open/close second switch circuit of switching signal, thereby make first to be connected with the 3rd terminal or to disconnect.
In this preferred embodiment, can be from being the circuit part of telling a generation switching signal the circuit part of optical communication circuit supply.Usually, latter circuit's part can be arranged to and can handle little electric current.On the other hand, the former circuit part then need be used for handling the big electric current that is enough to as the optical communication circuit power usually.So from the angle of circuit design (anti-noise of circuit part, compressive resistance or the like), suitable two parts circuit constitutes respectively.Above-mentioned preferred embodiment makes it to become possibility.
Under the situation that adopts the electric current folding electric circuit, this circuit is suitable to comprise a non-linear current amplifying circuit with electric current amplifying parameters, it is minimum value at almost nil input current place that this electric current amplifying parameters shows as one, and this parameter increases with input current, and comprise a resistance that limits the maximum output current value, or constant-current circuit.
This is because the non-linear current amplifying circuit is a circuit that such attribute is arranged: it suppresses little noise level (Reynolds level) signal and amplifies the signal of big level emphatically.Therefore, the electric current folding electric circuit that contains the non-linear current amplifying circuit can suppress the little current level that caused by light receiving unit, and it can amplify the main photoelectric current part that is produced by the light call signal emphatically simultaneously.Therefore, can improve the S/N ratio of the receiving unit that is used to receive the light call signal.
Under the situation of using the electric current folding electric circuit, bias voltage source is suitable to be made of controllable power supply, and its output voltage is controlled by the optical communication circuit, and this power supply is exported a fixing direct voltage when the optical communication circuit power is cut off.
According to this preferred embodiment, and when the power supply of optical communication circuit is cut off (, when stand-by state), fixing direct voltage can offer light receiving element as bias voltage.On the one hand, as optical communication circuit during (, when communications status), can offer light receiving element to (can the control) bias voltage that comes from the optical communication circuit not at stand-by state with changing.Therefore, if with avalanche diode as light receiving element, consider the current amplification factor of avalanche diode, controllable electric power can be controlled bias voltage.Therefore, this makes and adopts automatic gain control (AGC) system to become possibility, and this system makes the photoelectric current amplitude that receives keep constant.As mentioned above, use the electric current folding electric circuit can bring good effect, for example enlarged the degree of freedom in the device design, and might introduce corresponding communication with the AGC system.
When enforcement optical communication apparatus of the present invention, a kind of like this circuit of the suitable formation of first circuit, it comprises: (A) a fixedly controllable electric power of direct voltage is exported in its output by the control of optical communication circuit, in the time of also disconnecting at the power supply of optical communication circuit; (B) first switching circuit that has first to fourth terminal at least, its the first terminal is connected with controllable electric power, second terminal is connected with the offset side of light receiving element, the 3rd terminal is the output of switching signal, and the 4th terminal is to be used for the received communication termination signal or the input of signal correspondingly, and always the voltage based on controllable electric power is offered light receiving element as bias voltage by second terminal, (C) one places first power supply that is used for the optical communication circuit and the second switch circuit between its terminal power supply, and makes between the optical communication circuit and first power supply in response to switching signal and to be in connection status.
According to this preferred embodiment, a fixing direct voltage is provided light receiving element as bias voltage, and the power supply that is used for the optical communication circuit is cut off (for example, being in armed state).On the one hand, when optical communication circuit (entering communications status) when armed state is released, provide bias voltage (changing controlled) to light receiving element from the optical communication circuit.Therefore, if avalanche diode is used as light receiving element, consider the current amplification factor of avalanche diode in communication, the bias voltage that is used for avalanche diode can Be Controlled.Thereby, so just might adopt to allow the photoelectric current amplitude that receives keep constant automatic gain control (AGC) system.And when first and second switching circuits were separated from one another, the circuit board that is used for producing switching signal was separated from the circuit board (generally bearing big electric current) of first power supply that is used to connect the optical communication circuit.
When implementing optical communication apparatus of the present invention, first circuit is suitable to comprising that the circuit with the lower part constitutes: (i) change-over circuit, it has a first terminal, one second terminal and a common port that is connected with the light receiving element offset side, and controlled by switching signal, so that when the switching signal input is arranged, be in first state that second terminal is connected with common port, and when not having the switching signal input, be in second state that the first terminal is connected with common port; (ii) its output is connected with change-over circuit second terminal, and its output voltage is subjected to the controllable electric power of optical communication circuit control; (iii) one first switching circuit, it has at least first to fourth terminal, the first terminal is connected with first power supply as the optical communication circuit power, second terminal is connected with the first terminal of change-over circuit, the 3rd terminal is the output of switching signal, and the 4th terminal is to be used for the received communication termination signal or the input of signal correspondingly, and this switching circuit provides one based on the bias voltage of first power source voltage as light receiving element when change-over circuit is in second state, when light receiving element receives the light call signal, with photoelectric current as the trigger current that flows through first switching circuit, second terminal and continuously from the 3rd terminal output switching signal, until the communication termination signal being arranged or till correspondingly signal is input in the 4th terminal; And (iv) second switch circuit that places between first power supply and the optical communication circuit power terminal, it makes the optical communication circuit be connected with first power supply in response to switching signal.
In this preferred embodiment, during stand-by state, light receiving element receives the bias voltage based on first power supply.But, when light receiving element receives light call signal and optical communication circuit when correspondingly entering its communications status, because the effect of change-over circuit, a bias voltage that comes from controllable electric power is provided for this optical receiving circuit, can make the photoelectric current pulse amplitude that receives keep constant AGC (automatic gain control) system (AGC) thereby can adopt in communications status.Change-over circuit has been realized the switching manipulation between controllable electric power and the switching circuit, thereby can prevent that carrying out in the process giving first switching circuit to bring by slow in communication enters the noise that light receiving element causes.Usually, the energy consuming ratio common power of controllable electric power is many, because it has an additional voltage control circuit.But, in this preferred embodiment, between probationary period, be provided for light receiving element, and controllable electric power disconnects during this period based on the bias voltage of first power supply.So the necessary energy under stand-by state of the energy consuming ratio controllable electric power under the stand-by state will lack.
When implementing optical communication apparatus of the present invention, first circuit is suitable to comprising that the circuit with the lower part constitutes: (I) change-over circuit, it has a first terminal, one second terminal and a common port that is connected with the light receiving element offset side, and controlled by a switching signal, so that when the switching signal input is arranged, be in first state that second terminal is connected with common port, and when not having the switching signal input, be in second state that the first terminal is connected with common port; (II) its output and change-over circuit second terminal, its output voltage is subjected to the controllable electric power of optical communication circuit control; (III) one first switching circuit, it has at least first to fourth terminal, the first terminal is connected with any second source, second terminal is connected with the first terminal of change-over circuit, the 3rd terminal is the output of switching signal, and the 4th terminal is to be used for the received communication termination signal or the input of signal correspondingly, and this switching circuit provides one based on the voltage of the second source bias voltage as light receiving element when change-over circuit is in second state, and when light receiving element receives the light call signal, with photoelectric current as the trigger current that flows through first switching circuit, second terminal and continuously from the 3rd terminal output switching signal, until the communication termination signal being arranged or till correspondingly signal is input in the 4th terminal; And (IV) second switch circuit that places between optical communication circuit first power supply and the optical communication circuit power terminal, it makes the optical communication circuit be connected with first power supply in response to switching signal.
In this preferred embodiment, during stand-by state, light receiving element receives the bias voltage based on second source.But, when light receiving element receives light call signal and optical communication circuit when correspondingly entering its communications status, because the effect of change-over circuit, a bias voltage that comes from controllable electric power is provided for this light receiving element, can make the photoelectric current pulse amplitude that receives keep constant AGC (automatic gain control) system (AGC) thereby can adopt in communications status.Change-over circuit has been realized the switching manipulation between controllable electric power and the switching circuit, thereby can prevent that carrying out in the process giving first switching circuit to bring by slow in communication enters the noise that light receiving element causes.When first power supply of optical communication circuit and controllable electric power itself during as the optical communication power supply, usually by comprising voltage stabilizing circuit, the high-quality DC power supply of booster circuit etc. constitutes, so energy loss can increase for they.On the one hand, considering whether bias voltage reaches such level, even light receiving element can produce photoelectric current when only receiving the light call signal under stand-by state, situation under, above-mentioned preferred embodiment suggestion: the simple power supply that an AC power supplies (comprising commercially available AC power supplies) constitutes, a rectification circuit and a filter circuit can be used as second source.This simple power supply does not comprise the high-quality circuit, so its inner energy consumption can reduce when zero load current.Can improve energy-saving effect thus.
When stating second source in the use, suit between the first terminal of the second source and first switching circuit, to be provided with a voltage drop circuit.This voltage drop circuit offers first switching circuit to the voltage of second source when the optical communication circuit is in off-state; And when the optical communication circuit is in conducting state, one is lower than the controllable electric power minimum output voltage and can guarantees that the voltage of the first switching circuit work offers first switching circuit.
Above-mentioned voltage drop circuit has following parts.Second source is being set at a fixed voltage, and adopt under the situation of the change-over circuit (being change-over circuit use diode as mentioned below) that is connected by means of voltage difference control circuit between second source and the controllable electric power, if the voltage of controllable electric power is controlled and is lower than the voltage of second source under communications status, controllable electric power is connected, although this is being fine usually with light receiving element.Under communications status, voltage drop circuit is used for the voltage of second source is dropped to the electrical voltage point that is lower than the controllable electric power minimum voltage, thereby can avoid the problems referred to above.When first switching circuit is in conducting state and flows through therebetween electric current when a fixed value is arranged,, also can address the above problem by a resistance being set on the electric current output channel of second source and on this resistance, forming a voltage drop.
In above-mentioned each preferred embodiment, first power supply only with situation that the second switch circuit is connected under, first power supply is suitable to an AC power supplies (commercially available AC power supplies or by to the resulting power supply of its modification), or the formed DC power supply of AC power supplies, rectification circuit (comprising half-wave or full-wave rectifying circuit) and filter circuit constitutes, or battery, and the optical communication circuit is suitable is designed to not only comprise above-mentioned AC or DC power supply, but also comprise the high-quality power circuit that the optical communication circuit is required, as DC constant-current circuit, low noise circuit or the like.
Therefore, power supply can make its major part be in off-state under its stand-by state.In other words, the power unit of optical communication circuit is idle, so that the energy-saving effect between probationary period further improves.
Be divided in every invention of first and second switching circuits at switching circuit, illustrated that switching signal is in first switching circuit in the communication termination signal or correspondingly before the signal output.But the second switch circuit also can have the circuit of a maintained switch signal before communication termination signal or the output of associated signal.In this way, purpose of the present invention can be realized, the design freedom of switching circuit can be enlarged simultaneously.
In order to implement optical communication apparatus of the present invention, first circuit is suitable to be made of a circuit that contains semiconductor switching device, this semiconductor switching device when light receiving element receives the light call signal by the photoelectric current conducting that produces, and by described communication termination signal or correspondingly signal it is disconnected.
Semiconductor switching device is by being connected to its destined node on the light receiving element, can do the voltage of certain conversion gained to one to the semiconductor switching device input voltage, offer light receiving element (detailed description see below relevant Fig. 3 part) as a bias voltage.And, if the NO/OFF threshold current of semiconductor switching device is preset greatlyyer than the noise current value of light receiving element (the low regime noise that can be responded by semiconductor switching device), and be lower than the photoelectric current that produces in response to the light call signal, then semiconductor switching device changes in response to the electric current at the above-mentioned node place that causes when having photoelectric current to flow through therebetween and is switched on.And when the semiconductor switching device access failure, power consumption may be substantially of zero (promptly being in the stand-by state of optical communication apparatus).
When implementing optical communication apparatus of the present invention, a second circuit suits to provide, this circuit converts the communication termination signal to be complementary with first circuit form signal, and the conduct of the signal of conversion is outputed in first circuit with the corresponding signal of the termination signal of communicating by letter.
The reasons are as follows: generally speaking, the control section of optical communication circuit is taked the form of digital circuit usually.On the one hand, because first circuit of the present invention is mainly used in the purpose of power line connecting and disconnecting,, this circuit keeps the necessary input voltage value of its work that is different from digital circuit so usually having an earthing potential and one.Therefore, first circuit of above-mentioned form usually with numeric type optical communication circuit in the termination signal of communicating by letter exported, do not match at aspects such as signal rate, signal levels.So,, be provided with a second circuit for guaranteeing the Signal Matching between the optical communication circuit and first circuit.
Second circuit is suitable semiconductor switching device.In case semiconductor switching device receives the communication termination signal from the optical communication circuit, it just produces and exports a reset signal in response to this signal, and no matter how many pulse rates of communication termination signal is.In addition, semiconductor switching device is transferred to first circuit to this reset signal that self produces continuously, unless first circuit can make optical communication circuit and its power supply be in off-state.And semiconductor switch source element can guarantee to disconnect first circuit.In addition, when optical communication is in stand-by state, also be in off-state, neither weaken and also do not offset energy-saving effect so second circuit is set as the semiconductor switching device of second circuit.
Having under the situation of second circuit, one-shot multivibrator of the suitable formation of this circuit comprises: the constant-current source circuit by the conducting of communication termination signal; Capacitor by this constant-current source circuit charging; One receives the constant-current source output valve is the optical communication circuit of its input value; A Schmitt trigger circuit that carries out work for the voltage of its load and receiving condenser terminal room as its input value with optical communication circuit output valve; And a semiconductor switching device that includes circuit part, the semiconductor switching device that is comprised leans on the conducting of Schmitt trigger circuit output valve, thereby disconnects constant-current source circuit and make the capacitor discharge.But in this case, the output valve of multivibrator may be the output valve of optical communication circuit, or the output valve of the electric current folding electric circuit that is being connected with the multivibrator output of its input.
When one-shot multivibrator received the communication termination signal, its one of output had the pulse that can guarantee to keep between optical communication circuit and its power supply certain hour length of off-state.In addition, when optical communication apparatus is in stand-by state, there is not electric current to flow through the constant-current source circuit of one-shot multivibrator.Therefore, there is not electric current to flow through the optical communication circuit that output of its input and constant-current source circuit is being connected yet.And, there is not electric current to flow through the Schmitt trigger circuit that its load is the optical communication circuit output end.Certainly, also just flow through semiconductor switching device without any electric current.Therefore, second circuit being set neither weakens and does not also offset energy-saving effect.
When implementing optical communication apparatus of the present invention, suit a tertiary circuit is set, under the help that it is externally controlled, force the power terminal of first power supply and optical communication circuit to keep connection status, and no matter whether the light call signal exists.
By tertiary circuit is provided, as long as no matter when call request is arranged, exciting light communicator optionally.And, can use optical communication apparatus in the random time under the condition that keeps power supply.Say that more specifically if allow tertiary circuit remain on operating state, optical communication system will be in the state that can converse always in the predefined any time.Usually, this time of arbitrarily setting is meant the time period that traffic density is high.
When implementing optical communication apparatus of the present invention, suit one the 4th circuit is set, under the help that it is externally controlled, force the power end of first power supply and optical communication circuit to be separated from, and whether the termination signal of no matter communicating by letter exist.
Owing to be provided with the 4th circuit, no matter when as long as need, can make optical communication apparatus be in stand-by state, and no matter whether there is the communication termination signal to come from the optical communication circuit.
In the accompanying drawings: Fig. 1 is the block diagram of an explanation first embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus structure; Fig. 2 is the block diagram of explanation optical communication circuit 13 structures; Fig. 3 (A) and 3 (B) are the circuit diagrams of explanation switching circuit instantiation; Fig. 4 (A) and 4 (B) are the circuit diagrams of explanation switching circuit instantiation; Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of explanation switching circuit instantiation; Electric current flow through the circuit diagram in path when Fig. 6 (A) and 6 (B) were the disconnection of explanation power supply; Electric current flow through the circuit diagram in path when Fig. 7 (A) and 7 (B) were the disconnection of explanation power supply; Electric current flow through the circuit diagram in path when Fig. 8 was the disconnection of explanation power supply; Fig. 9 is the block diagram of the another kind of structure of explanation first embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus; Figure 10 and 11 is circuit diagrams of explanation the second and the 4th circuit; Figure 12 is the block diagram of another structure of explanation first embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus; Figure 13 is the circuit diagram of another the 4th circuit of explanation; Figure 14 is the block diagram of explanation second embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus structure; Figure 15 (A) and 15 (B) illustrate the circuit diagram of electric current folding electric circuit; Figure 16 is the block diagram of the another kind of structure of explanation second embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus; Figure 17 (A) and 17 (B) are the circuit diagrams of the another kind of folding electric circuit of explanation; Figure 18 is the block diagram of explanation third embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus structure; Figure 19 (A) is the circuit diagram of expression second switch circuit instantiation to 19 (E); Figure 20 is the block diagram of the another kind of structure of explanation third embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus; Figure 21 is the block diagram of explanation fourth embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus structure; Figure 22 is the block diagram of the another kind of structure of explanation optical communication circuit; Figure 23 is a high-pressure generating circuit as controllable electric power (HV circuit) instantiation; Figure 24 is the block diagram of explanation fourth embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus structure; Figure 25 is the block diagram of explanation fourth embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus structure; Figure 26 is the block diagram of explanation fourth embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus structure; Figure 27 is the block diagram of explanation fifth embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus structure; Figure 28 is the block diagram of the another kind of structure of explanation fifth embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus; Figure 29 is the block diagram of another structure of explanation fifth embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus; Figure 30 is the block diagram of explanation sixth embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus structure; Figure 31 is the block diagram of explanation seventh embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus structure;
Figure 32 (A) is the circuit diagram of the various examples of expression optical communication circuit to 32 (D);
Figure 33 (A) is the circuit diagram of the various examples of the non-linear amplifying circuit of expression (having minimum current amplification factor for the input current that is bordering on zero) to 33 (D);
Figure 34 (A) is the circuit diagram of the various examples of the non-linear amplifying circuit of expression (having maximum current amplification factor for the input current that is bordering on zero) to 34 (D);
Figure 35 is the circuit diagram that expression is used for a prior art example of ON/OFF constant current;
Figure 36 is the block diagram of other embodiment of explanation;
Hereinafter, will in detail each preferred embodiment of the relevant optical communication apparatus power-economizing method of the present invention, Optical devices and method therefor, optical communication system be described in detail all sidedly with reference to the accompanying drawings.Should be noted that at this each width of cloth figure in accompanying drawing is schematically, in order that be convenient to the reader understanding.And the similar part or the structure that occur among each figure have identical number and symbol, and the comment of relevant these similar parts or structure might be omitted.
First embodiment
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of an explanation first embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus structure.This device comprises 21 1 low pass filters 23 of 19, one the 4th circuit of 17, one tertiary circuits of 15, one second circuits of 13, one first circuit of 11, one optical communication circuit of a light receiving element and a photocell 25.
The said modules 11 to 25 of this device will be described in detail afterwards, and the annexation between them will be described now.
The bias voltage terminal of light receiving element 11 is connected with the set input S of first circuit 15 by low pass filter 23, and the other end is connected with the terminal Ii of optical communication circuit 13.
The switch terminal G of first circuit 15 is connected with first power supply 29 of optical communication circuit 13, and its switch terminal 0 is connected with the power supply terminal Vcc of optical communication circuit 13.
Optical communication circuit 13 is used for the output TRI of output communication termination signal, be connected with the input I1 of the 4th circuit 21, and the output 0 of the 4th circuit 21 is connected with the input I of second circuit 17.
The output 0 of second circuit 17 is connected with the reset signal input R of first circuit 15.
Tertiary circuit 19 is connected between the set input S and optical communication apparatus earth terminal of first circuit.Photocell 25 is connected with the terminal Io that is used for optical communication circuit 13 photocells.
In this embodiment, light receiving element 11 is made of a photodiode.But, needing AGC work if resemble hereinafter described another embodiment, can constitute by an avalanche diode.Certainly, other suitable light receiving elements also can arbitrarily be selected for use as required such as the photoelectron pipe.
Light receiving element 11 is used for receiving optical signals.The signal that light receiving element receives comprises the light call signal.The signal that light receiving element receives comes from external transmission, for example by optical fiber 27.
For the optical communication that can realize being scheduled to, optical communication circuit 13 will comprise the hardware circuit part and the software circuit part that is used to control optical communication program that contain the amplifying circuit that amplifies light receiving element 11 photoelectric current that produces.Optical communication circuit 13 is arranged to like this: when on it during energized, it drives its hardware circuit part and software circuit part under the help of its conducting reset function, thereby entering the communications status of implementing optical communication, also is the state of energy output communication termination signal SE when entering the optical communication end.
In the case, optical communication circuit 13 comprises: an output Ii, and it uses the input amplifier of light receiving element 11 wherein to be connected with light receiving element 11; One is used for terminal Io that itself is connected with photocell 25; A terminal TRI who is used for output communication termination signal SE; One is used for dateout such as the terminal group Do that receives data, regeneration time clock, control output or the like; A terminal group Di who is used to import data such as transmission data, clock input, control input or the like; Be used for power supply terminal Vcc with himself continuous with power supply (be actually by first circuit 15 and implement to be connected); And the GND terminal that is connected to the optical communication apparatus earth terminal.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of expression optical communication circuit 13 internal structure examples.This circuit 13 comprises an amplifier 13a who receives light, 3R-regenerative circuit 13b, a control section 13c and a photocell drive circuit 13d.
Receive image intensifer 13a and amplify the photoelectric current that light receiving element 11 is produced.3R-regenerative circuit 13b carries out shaping again to receiving the output waveform of image intensifer 13a, retime (i.e. regeneration has the time pulse of proofreading and correct pulsewidth) and regeneration.Control section 13c is a circuit that comprises encoder, decoder data processing circuit and control circuit, and communicates necessary a series of work of treatment.It is luminous that photocell drive circuit 13d drives photocell in response to transmission signals.When power end Vcc was connected with first power supply 29 of optical communication circuit 13, these assemblies of 13a to 13d were started working.Being connected/disconnecting, the control of first circuit 15 that will describe in detail after being subjected between power end Vcc and first power supply 29.
First circuit 15 will be described below.This circuit 15 is used to light receiving element 11 that bias voltage one by one is provided enduringly.And its cuts off the power supply of optical communication circuit 13 when circuit 13 is imported as communication termination signal SE, thereby the power end Vcc and first power supply 29 are disconnected.Further, when light receiving element 11 receives the light call signal, the power supply of the photoelectric current exciting light telecommunication circuit that this first circuit 15 can be produced with light receiving element 11, and before optical communication circuit 13 output communication termination signals, make this power supply be in state of activation.Just, keep being connected between power supply terminal Vcc and first power supply 29 in communication period.
First circuit 15 can constitute with preferred mode arbitrarily by various, as long as have above-mentioned functions.In first embodiment, first circuit 15 is constituted as switching circuit 15a as described below.
Switching circuit 15a has first to fourth terminal at least, that is: switch terminal G, a set input S, a switch terminal 0 and the RESET input R.Switch terminal G is connected with first power supply (plus sige (+) of power supply 29 end among Fig. 1), set input S is connected with light receiving element 11 offset sides (negative electrode) by a low pass filter 23, switch terminal 0 is connected with the power supply terminal Vcc of optical communication circuit 13, and the RESET input R is connected with the second circuit output.
Switch terminal G also is an earth terminal of setting the input port.Here, for switching circuit 15a, term " setting " is used for representing that switch terminals G and 0 is in the state that is connected (being conducting), and " resetting " be meant switch terminals G and 0 all be in be not connected in the state of (promptly disconnect).
And switching circuit 15a has by set input S the voltage that comes from first power supply 29 is offered the function of light receiving element 11 as bias voltage all the time.Further, it also has such function: when light receiving element 11 receives the light call signal, enter conducting state with photoelectric current as flowing through the trigger current of set input S.And before the communication termination signal being arranged or correspondingly signal is exported, it can keep this conducting state.These functions will be done more detailed explanation hereinafter with reference to figure such as figure 3 (A).When switching circuit 15a was in conducting state, optical communication circuit 13 was by 29 power supplies of first power supply.
Switching circuit 15a can constitute with the circuit that is fit to arbitrarily, as long as can manage above-mentioned functions in fact.But preferably, switching circuit 15a constitutes with one of circuit 15a1 to 15a5 (switching circuit 15a1 to 15a5 hereinafter referred to as) that will describe with reference to figure 3 to 5.Because as hereinafter describing in detail, each of switching circuit 15a1 to 15a5 all has above-mentioned functions, and can realize effectively energy-conservation.
In Fig. 3 to 5, label Xj, Xk, Xm, Xn are used for expression: the transistorized emitter dimension of this symbol indication is non-j, k, m or n times of size of refering in particular to emitter.Electric current amplification work is finished by these transistors.
In addition, in Fig. 3 to 5, in the arrow at the RESET input R and set input S place this place's sense of current of representing to flow through.When electric current when direction shown in the arrow flows through, make switching circuit enter off-state (reset mode) or on-state (set condition) with this electric current as triggering signal.
Further, among Fig. 3 to 5, in the practical circuit that comprises a plurality of the RESET input R, there is electric current can be used as the RESET input R according to combinational logic along the terminal that direction shown in the figure flows through.
Switching circuit 15a1 shown in Fig. 3 among Fig. 3 to 5 (A), be one by constant-current source circuit 15aa, be positioned on the constant-current source circuit 15aa current loop and have semiconductor switching device 15ab and the circuit that the current amplifier part 15ac that is used to amplify the electric current that flows through constant-current source electric current 15aa constitutes of set input and the RESET input.
In the case, semiconductor switching device is by PNP (or NPN) the linear current mirror image circuit 16a that transistor constituted, and NPN (or PNP) transistor constituted that a non-linear current amplifying circuit 16b forms, it is minimum value and the current amplification factor that increases with the increase of input current at the input current place that is bordering on zero that current amplification circuit 16b wherein has one.More specifically say, semiconductor switching device is the output by input that connects linear current mirror circuit 16a and non-linear current amplifying circuit 16b, constitute with the input of output that is connected linear current mirror circuit 16a and non-linear current amplifying circuit 16b, so between the common port of current mirror circuit 16a and non-linear current amplifying circuit 16b, realize on/off operation.For for other semiconductor switching devices that hereinafter will describe, will adopt and above-mentioned essentially identical structure.
Constant-current source circuit 15aa is by PNP (or NPN) the linear current mirror image circuit 16c that transistor constituted, and NPN (or PNP) transistor constituted that a non-linear current amplifying circuit 16d forms, it is maximum and the current amplification factor that reduces with the increase of input current at the input current place that is bordering on zero that current amplification circuit 16d wherein has one.More specifically say, constant-current source circuit is by input that connects current mirror circuit 16c and the output of non-linear current amplifying circuit 16d, constitute with the input of output that is connected current mirror circuit 16c and non-linear current amplifying circuit 16d, so between the common port of current mirror circuit 16c and non-linear current amplifying circuit 16d, have constant current to flow through.For for other constant-current source circuits that hereinafter will describe, will adopt and above-mentioned essentially identical structure.But, in the circuit shown in Fig. 3 (A), have semiconductor switching device 15ab to be inserted between current mirror circuit 16c input and the non-linear current amplifying circuit 16d output.
Yet, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to constant-current source circuit and the semiconductor switching device shown in Fig. 3 (A), can make various remodeling for the ordinary skill in the art.Such as, the present invention can adopt various semiconductor switching devices and constant-current source circuit, they can by will as Figure 32 (A) to each current mirror circuit shown in 32 (D), as Figure 33 (A) near each non-linear current amplifying circuit shown in 33 (D) (current amplification factor is being minimum value zero input current), and as Figure 34 (A) combining constitutes near each non-linear current amplifying circuit shown in 34 (D) (current amplification factor is peaked zero input current).In Figure 32 to 34, represented only to adopt the transistorized practical circuit of PNP, so, must in some circuit, replace the PNP transistor with NPN transistor in order to constitute semiconductor switching device and constant-current source circuit.Such circuit can be analogous to Figure 32 to 34 and easily make from it, so, do not describe in addition at this.
In switching circuit 15a1, can add a bias voltage for all the time light receiving element 11 by set input S, by means of the forward drop of diode section among transistor Q1, the Q2, what make above-mentioned bias voltage value than first power supply, 29 (see figure 1)s that are connected in switch terminals G is low.
In addition, in switching circuit 15a1, when optical communication circuit 13 has communication termination signal SE output, be input to the RESET input R from second circuit 17 corresponding to the signal SE1 (hereinafter will describe) of terminal signaling SE, thus semiconductor switching device 15ab disconnection.So, change notconnect state between the switch terminal G and 0, promptly optical communication apparatus enters stand-by state.
And, among the switching circuit 15a1 when stand-by state, only have such as the such electric current of the leakage current that flows through p-n junction to be present in the circuit, so can realize its energy-saving effect (switching circuit 15a2 to 15a4 can obtain identical effect).
Even optical communication apparatus is in stand-by state, light receiving element 11 always is added with a bias voltage based on first power supply 29 by transistor Q1, the Q2 of switching circuit 15a1.Therefore, even optical communication apparatus is in stand-by state, when the light call signal entered, light receiving element 11 still can produce photoelectric current Ip.Just, even optical communication circuit 13 is in off-state, the path of photoelectric current Ip also is present in the optical communication apparatus.Fig. 6 to 8 has represented some these type of examples.
All Fig. 6 to 8 are intended to describe by light receiving element 11 and receive the circuit part that image intensifer 13a constitutes.In Fig. 6 to 8, reference number HV represents that light receiving element is added with bias voltage, and does not add power supply on Vcc (V0) the expression reception amplifier 13a.
Fig. 7 and 8 has represented that some receive the physical circuit example of image intensifer 13a.But this amplifier is not a chief component of the present invention, so omit its declaratives at this.
In the circuit shown in Fig. 6 (A), even do not add power supply on the amplifier 13a, photoelectric current Ip flows to ground wire by arrival end resistance R i.In the circuit shown in Fig. 6 (B), even do not add power supply on the amplifier 13a, photoelectric current Ip flows through feedback resistance Rf.In the circuit shown in Fig. 7 (A), even do not add power supply on the amplifier 13a, photoelectric current Ip flows to ground wire by feedback resistance Rf and emitter resistance RE.
In the circuit shown in Fig. 7 (B), even do not add power supply on the amplifier 13a, photoelectric current Ip flows through the p-n junction of transistor Q1 among the amplifier 13a.
In circuit shown in Figure 8, even do not add power supply on the amplifier 13a, photoelectric current Ip flows through an input protection diode Dp.
As mentioned above, even do not add power supply on the optical communication circuit 13, the current path that also has photoelectric current Ip, so if the optical communication apparatus that is under the stand-by state receives the light call signal, then the set input S place of the semiconductor switching device 15ab among the switching circuit 15a1 shown in Fig. 3 (A) will have electric current to flow through.
Meanwhile, constant-current source circuit 15aa and semiconductor switching device 15ab connect respectively, and the switch terminal G of switching circuit 15a1 and 0 conducting, cause optical communication circuit 13 by 29 power supplies of first power supply.Simultaneously, optical communication apparatus enters communications status, and the signal SE1 that the conducting state between switch terminal G and 0 will remain to corresponding to communication termination signal SE always is input to from second circuit 17 till the RESET input of semiconductor switching device 15ab.
In circuit such as switching circuit 15a1, the electric current that its semiconductor switching device 15ab has been inserted in constant-current source circuit 15aa amplifies in the loop, and set trigger current from being used for the double circuit input end input of synchronous conducting, the ON/OFF threshold current is determined by semiconductor switching device 15ab, and the constant current that constant-current source circuit 15aa determines takes place under conducting state.Naturally, the ON/OFF threshold current is set lowlyer than the constant current of conducting state.This is consistent with the circuit of Fig. 3 (A), Fig. 4 (A) and Fig. 5 respectively.
Constant current characteristic among the said switching circuit 15a1 can be used to be provided with the load current constant or be used to load that overcurrent protection (load current be lower than preset constant current value) is provided, with the above-mentioned load current of switching circuit 15a1 conducting/disconnect.
When structure resembles the such circuit of switching circuit 15a1, preferably at first prepare the semiconductor switching device 15ab that the current mirror circuit shown in being distinguished by non-linear current amplifying circuit (describing in detail hereinafter) and Figure 33 (A) and Figure 33 (C) is formed; Then prepare the constant-current source circuit 15aa that forms by the current mirror circuit shown in non-linear current amplifying circuit (describing in detail hereinafter) and Figure 34 (A) and Figure 34 (C) difference; Finish switching circuit 15a1 with circuit 15aa and 15ab at last.After having constituted switching circuit in this way, the electric current of setting in the constant-current source circuit can be done similar change in response to the variation of ambient temperature with the ON/OFF threshold current, thereby can realize a kind of like this switching circuit: the ratio of its ON/OFF threshold current and constant current under conducting state has good resisting temperature vary stable.So, can realize the switching circuit that does not almost have noise failure to occur.Its reason is as follows.
During noise failure in switching circuit 15a1 or the like is discussed, emphasis point is the ratio that presets between constant current value and the ON/OFF threshold current, and the ratio between ON/OFF threshold current and the noise level.When presetting constant current value and vary with temperature not according to identical ratio, in other words, when the ratio of two current values becomes with temperature,, must make the ratio of two electric currents big in order to prevent the generation of fault with the ON/OFF threshold current.But above-mentioned two ratios promptly preset ratio between constant current value and the ON/OFF threshold current and the ratio between ON/OFF threshold current and the noise level, and such relation is arranged: the former increases and will cause the latter to reduce, otherwise perhaps.Therefore, if the ratio that presets between constant current value and the ON/OFF threshold current increases for satisfying certain needs, then the ratio between ON/OFF threshold current and the noise level will reduce a value thereupon, so will cause being easy to take place the state of noise failure.By comparison, in the switching circuit of preferred embodiment, owing to the ratio that presets between constant current value and the ON/OFF threshold current varies with temperature by same ratio, so the ratio between these electric currents has been stabilized.And this ratio can be accomplished littler.Therefore, the ratio between ON/OFF threshold current and the noise level can be bigger.So, might realize almost not having the switching circuit of noise failure.
Some prior art circuits allly even have only single current amplifier loop, also can both realize the ON/OFF threshold function as shown in figure 35 in conducting state, realize the constant current function again.But in this circuit of Figure 35, presetting constant current value is not with temperature change with identical ratio with the ON/OFF threshold current.Because above-mentioned reason, if must improve the ratio that presets constant current value and ON/OFF threshold current, then the ratio between ON/OFF threshold current and the noise level will be forced to reduce a value owing to this raising, thereby can not guarantee its noiseproof feature.So, to compare with shown in Figure 35, the advantage of the above-mentioned preferred circuit of the present invention is with easy to understand.
As the circuit of explaining in conjunction with the preferred circuit of Figure 33 (A) or Figure 33 (C), be to comprise two transistorized non-linear current amplifying circuits, wherein two transistorized emitters are as common port, and its base stage is connected to each other, wherein the transistorized emitter dimension of input side is m times of the outlet side emitter, and has a resistance string to be connected on the input side emitter.This non-linear current amplifying circuit has the amplifier parameter of a minimum for the input current that is bordering on zero.Circuit shown in Figure 34 (A) or Figure 34 (C) also is to comprise two transistorized non-linear current amplifying circuits, wherein two transistorized emitters are as common port, and its base stage is connected to each other, wherein the transistorized emitter dimension of outlet side is n times of the input side emitter, and has a resistance string to be connected on the outlet side emitter.This non-linear current amplifying circuit has the amplifier parameter of a maximum for the input current that is bordering on zero.
If above-mentioned non-linear current amplifying circuit, combine with the linear current mirror image circuit with current amplification factor (1) and constitute constant-current source circuit or semiconductor switching device, then the ON/OFF threshold current Ith that presets constant current value Ion and semiconductor switching device of constant-current source circuit is expressed as respectively:
Ion＝(2kT/qRon)1n (n)
Ith＝(2kT/qRth)1n (m)
K wherein: Boltzmann constant, T: absolute temperature, q: electron charge, Ron: the emitter resistance of constant-current source loop side, Rth: the emitter resistance of semiconductor switching device side, n: the ratio of the emitter dimension of constant-current source loop side, m: the ratio of semiconductor switching device side emitter dimension, and allow the Ion/Ith=constant.
Switching circuit 15a2 shown in Fig. 3 (B), by a semiconductor switching device 15ad, one have set input S and the RESET input R and be placed in constant-current source circuit 15ae in the semiconductor switching device 15ad current circuit, and a current amplification circuit 15ac who is used to amplify the electric current that flows through constant-current source circuit 15ae constitute.
In switching circuit 15a2, setting and reset operation are subjected to the control of semiconductor switching device 15ad, and constant current operation is subjected to the control of constant-current source circuit 15ae.Apply the mode of bias voltage and the on/off operation of switching circuit to light receiving element 11, carry out according to the same principle in the described circuit of Fig. 3 (A).
Switching circuit 15a3 shown in Fig. 4 (A) arranges like this: transistor Qa can be used for that institute comprises some transistors among the semiconductor switching device 15ad of switching circuit 15a2 shown in the representative graph 3 (B) and the constant-current source circuit 15ae.This switching circuit 15a3 can use the element that lacks than switching circuit 15a2 to constitute, and its minimum is reduced.
In this switching circuit 15a3, apply the mode of bias voltage and the on/off operation of switching circuit to light receiving element 11, carry out according to the same principle in the described circuit of Fig. 3 (A).
Switching circuit 15a4 shown in Fig. 4 (B) is made of semiconductor switching device 15ab and the electric current amplifier section 15ac that is used for the electric current of amplification semiconductor derailing switch 15ab.This circuit 15a4 realizes by neglect constant-current source circuit 15abe from switching circuit 15a1 shown in Fig. 3 (A).Switching circuit 15a4 has the function of carrying out switching manipulation between terminal G and 0, but does not produce the function of constant current.
This switching circuit 15a4 can use by dual mode: (1) first is connected its current output terminal (0 (G2)) with wanting driven load (optical communication circuit 13), and its current input terminal (G (02)) is connected with positive supply (+), thereby with the set input S1 among the figure or S2 as set input; (2) another kind is that its current output terminal (0 (G2)) is connected with negative supply (-), its current input terminal (G (02)) is connected with wanting driven load, thereby with the set input S1 among the figure or S2 as set input.
Use in first kind of mode of set input S1 as set input S above-mentioned, the negative electrode of light receiving element 11 is connected switching circuit one side, and its anode is connected to optical communication circuit one side.That is: first kind of mode is the mode that can be used in the optical communication apparatus shown in Figure 1.
On the other hand, use in the second way of set input S2 as set input S above-mentioned, the anode of light receiving element 11 is connected switching circuit one side, and its negative electrode is connected to optical communication circuit one side.That is: the second way is to be applicable to that wherein first power supply 29 is as the mode of the optical communication apparatus of negative supply (-), optical communication apparatus as shown in Figure 9.
When optical communication apparatus of structure, the optical communication circuit is not to use positive supply (+) always.Has such occasion: need to use negative supply sometimes.Switching circuit 15a4 shown in Fig. 4 (B) can have positive supply (+) and negative supply (-) concurrently.Promptly in the switching circuit 15a4 shown in Fig. 4 (B), can utilize the transistor forward conduction p-n junction between set input S1 (S2) and switch terminal G (G2), provide a bias voltage and be always light receiving element 11.
Switching circuit 15a5 shown in Figure 5 is the switching circuit applicable to optical communication apparatus shown in Figure 9.That is: can be used for negative supply (-) be first power supply 29 to this switching circuit, and in the closure of light receiving element 11 and the opposite optical communication apparatus shown in Figure 1.This switching circuit 15a5 has switch and produces two functions of constant current.
Switching circuit 15a5 shown in Figure 5 is by a constant-current source circuit 15af, one places this constant-current source circuit 15af loop and set input S is arranged and the semiconductor switching device 15ag of the RESET input R and an electric current amplifier section 15ac formation that is used to amplify the electric current that flows through this constant-current source circuit 15af.In switching circuit 15a5 shown in Figure 5, the electric current of semiconductor switching device input node, promptly the base stage of NPN transistor is used for set input S.Just, in switching circuit 15a5, can utilize the forward conduction p-n junction of the NPN transistor between set input S and switch terminal G2, provide a bias voltage and be always light receiving element 11.
Next, second circuit will be described.Second circuit 17 is that a communication termination signal SE with 13 outputs of optical communication circuit converts the signal that is complementary with first circuit 15 to, and the signal of conversion is outputed to the RESET input R of first circuit as the signal SE1 corresponding to communication termination signal SE.
Usually, the control section of optical communication circuit 13 is made of digital circuit.On the other hand, first circuit 15 is circuit that make power connection/disconnection and bias voltage is provided for light receiving element 11, so it be constituted as have earthing potential and its work the circuit of essential input voltage value, and it is required to be different from digital circuit work.Therefore, the coupling between two circuit is difficult.For this reason, a suitable second circuit 17 conducts interface circuit therebetween that is provided with.Here, the signal that is complementary with first circuit 15 is meant the signal of first circuit 15 of guaranteeing to reset.
Second circuit 17 can be with optional preferred circuit configuration, as long as it can provide above-mentioned functions.But second circuit 17 suits to be made of semiconductor switching device or monostable multivibrator described hereinafter.Because each sort circuit all has the above-mentioned functions of second circuit, and can realize energy-conservation.
Figure 10 has represented an example that forms the semiconductor switching device of second circuit, reaches the OR circuit as the 4th circuit 21.Semiconductor switching device 17 by as the described mode of Fig. 3 (A), is bordering at input current with a linear current mirror image circuit and one that amplification coefficient is the non-linear current amplifying circuit formation of minimum value when zero.
When semiconductor switching device 17 when its input I receives communication termination signal SE, this semiconductor switching device is triggered and connects, and continuously to the RESET input output signal SE1 of switching circuit 15a, till switching circuit 15a self closes.Therefore, if desired, semiconductor switching device 17 can guarantee that first circuit disconnects.When semiconductor switching device disconnected, the electric current that flows through p-n junction equaled its leakage current at the most, so can be effectively energy-conservation.
Figure 11 is the circuit block diagram of an expression monostable multivibrator, its suitable second circuit 17 as another kind of type.Also comprise OR circuit among this figure as the 4th circuit 21.
Monostable multivibrator as second circuit 17 comprises a constant-current source circuit 17a with communication termination signal SE conducting; Capacitor Ct by the constant-current source circuit charging; A current mirror circuit 17b who receives constant-current source circuit 17a output; A Schmitt trigger circuit 17c who carries out voltage between work and the receiving condenser Ct terminal with the output of current mirror circuit 17b as load; Output from current mirror circuit forms an electric current folding electric circuit 17e (described below) of inserting output; Reach one and comprise the semiconductor switching device internal circuit part 17d that disconnects and have the semiconductor switching device of discharging capacitor Ct by Schmitt trigger circuit 17c conducting, by constant-current source circuit 17a.This semiconductor switching device internal circuit part 17d is made of with this semiconductor switching device conducting and the transistor Qx that disconnects constant-current source circuit 17a a semiconductor switching device and one.
Under the situation that monostable multivibrator and positive supply (+) use together, the node+V among Figure 11 is connected with positive supply (+), and the node GND among Figure 11 is connected with the earth terminal of optical communication apparatus.Under the situation that monostable multivibrator and negative supply (-) use together, the node-V among Figure 11 is connected with negative supply (-), and the node GND among Figure 11 is connected with the earth terminal of optical communication apparatus.But, under the situation that monostable multivibrator and negative supply (-) use together, if the circuit configuration of Figure 11 becomes each transistorized p-n junction polarity and the sense of current of each circuit part of flowing through is opposite, and node+V is connected with negative supply (-), node GND is connected with the earth terminal of optical communication apparatus, and this circuit also can be worked.Electric current folding electric circuit 17e is one and forms the electric current I/O () circuit 0 is if needn't be connected with first circuit 15 then can omit.
Hereinafter explain the work of this monostable multivibrator.
When communication termination signal SE was input to input I as trigger current, constant-current source circuit 17a was switched on.Meanwhile, current mirror circuit 17b connects, and capacitor Ct also is recharged.When current mirror circuit 17b connected, output current Iout was from output 0 and 0 output.The characteristic of exporting 0 is to constitute and different by linear current mirror image circuit or by non-linear current mirror image circuit according to electric current folding electric circuit 17e.Figure 11 has represented the example of a non-linear current amplifying circuit.Are situations of the electric current outflow type or the signal of electric current inflow type according to signal SE1 for first circuit 15, and output 0 or 0 are connected with first circuit 15.Meanwhile, output current Iout is imported into the RESET input R of first circuit 15.
When constant-current source circuit 17a and circuit mirror image circuit 17b connection, Schmidt trigger circuit 17c also is switched on.But when the input (P) of Schmidt trigger circuit 17c was in the L-level, its output also was in L-level (output current: zero) herein.
When the incoming level of Schmidt trigger circuit 17c arrived the H-level that surpasses its threshold value along with the charging process of capacitor Ct, its output level also became the H-level.When the output of Schmidt trigger circuit 17c becomes the H-level (electric current that output is determined by current mirror circuit 17b), the semiconductor switching device conducting of semiconductor switching device internal circuit part 17d.Meanwhile, transistor Qx conducting causes constant-current source circuit 17a to disconnect, thereby cuts off output current Iout.
As mentioned above, as trigger current, in the given time signal SE1, promptly output current outputs to first circuit 15 to monostable multivibrator with communication termination signal SE.Output current Iout can be in the time of on-state after conducting, it is the pulse duration of signal SE1, can determine by the resistance R t that threshold value determined among capacitor Ct charging rate that is determined by the resistance R on that is provided with among the constant-current source circuit 17a and capacitor Ct and the Schmidt trigger circuit 17d.Therefore, the pulse duration of signal SE, by selecting capacity, the resistance R on of capacitor Ct, the resistance of Rt or the like and determining is in off-state to guarantee first circuit 15.
When constant-current source circuit 17a disconnected, current mirror circuit 17b also disconnected.So, there is not load current to be added on the Schmidt trigger circuit 17c, cause its disconnection.Meanwhile, when semiconductor switching device 17d disconnected, capacitor Ct began discharge.When discharge was finished, monostable multivibrator entered its stand-by state.In entering the monostable multivibrator of stand-by state, the electric current that flows through therebetween is zero substantially, thereby reaches energy-conservation effect.
If have a signal that can disconnect first circuit, 15 types from the communication termination signal SE of optical communication circuit 13 outputs, then can omit second circuit 17.
Next, hereinafter tertiary circuit 19 will be described.Tertiary circuit 19 is responsible for connecting the power supply terminal Vcc of first power supply 29 and optical communication circuit 13 by means of external control, and no matter whether the light call signal exists.This tertiary circuit 19 is used for keeping optical communication apparatus always to be in receivable state, or is used to implement emission function (embodiment as shown here) when optical communication apparatus has emission function.
Tertiary circuit 19 can be made of optional preferred circuit.Tertiary circuit 19 shown in Figure 1 is examples that are made of a series connection circuit, and this series circuit is in series by a common disconnect type switch S ET and current-limiting resistance RSET.One end of this series circuit is connected with the set input S of first circuit, and the other end is connected with the earth terminal of optical communication apparatus.
Along with the conducting of switch S ET, the set input S place of first circuit 15 has electric current to flow out.That is, this is one and receives the identical state of light call signal with light receiving element 11.Therefore, when first circuit turn-on, optical communication apparatus becomes the operating state that can communicate.Before the signal SE1 corresponding to communication termination signal SE was input to the RESET input of first circuit 15, first circuit 15 kept on-state.
As shown in figure 12, tertiary circuit 19 can constitute by the hand switch that inserts biasing first circuit 15 between the power supply terminal Vcc of first power supply 29 and optical communication circuit 13, and disconnect type switch S ET and current-limiting resistance RSET usually.The handy ment of hand switch is opened, so that optical communication apparatus remains on stand-by state but in the case.
Hereinbefore, illustrated that the switch in the tertiary circuit is manual, if but adopt the control of the ancillary equipment that is connected with the optical communication circuit to export, the on/off operation of optical communication circuit power can be carried out by external equipment.
Next, the 4th circuit 21 will be described hereinafter.The 4th circuit 21 is responsible for disconnecting first power supply 29 and optical communication circuit 13 by means of external control, and no matter whether the light call signal exists.
The 4th circuit 21 can be made of optional preferred circuit.For example, the 4th circuit 21 can constitute by insert a series circuit that is formed by current-limiting resistance and hand switch between the RESET input R of first circuit 15 and positive supply (+) (or earth terminal).By allowing this hand switch be in conducting state in the time that is enough to first circuit 15 is disconnected at one, can disconnect this first circuit 15.
And first circuit 15 can disconnect with following method, promptly a common disconnect type hand switch is set so that both are connected at first circuit 15 and first power supply 29, and cuts off the electric current that flows through first circuit 15 immediately by disconnecting this switch when needed.
The 4th more actual circuit is Fig. 1 and OR circuit shown in Figure 11.As shown in figure 11, should or circuit comprise two NPN transistor Qa that are connected in parallel to each other and Qb.In the case, communication termination signal SE is input to a transistorized base terminal from optical communication circuit 13, and the signal (being called external reset signal Srst) that is equivalent to the communication termination signal simultaneously is input to another transistorized base stage.In this or circuit, transistor Qa is connected with the input I of second circuit 17 with Qb collector electrode separately.
A plurality of the 4th circuit 21 can be set in optical communication apparatus.Figure 12 has represented an example that has four the 4th circuit 21.In the case, can use the 4th circuit separately, or use a plurality of the 4th circuit between tertiary circuit and the 4th circuit, to provide preferential order.
OR circuit 21 shown in Figure 11 is preferred circuits that are used to make the monostable multivibrator 17 as second circuit 17 to be connected with positive supply (+).On the other hand, OR circuit 21 shown in Figure 13 is used to connect the multivibrator 17 and negative supply (-) as second circuit 17.That is: this OR circuit comprises two PNP transistor Qx and Qy that are connected in parallel to each other, the constant-voltage diode Do with these transistor series, and the NPN transistor Qz that its base stage is connected with diode Do negative electrode.In the case, communication termination signal SE is input to any one base stage of two PNP transistor Qx and Qy from optical communication circuit 13, and external reset signal Srst is input to another transistorized base stage.The collector electrode of transistor Qz is connected with the input I of second circuit 17.
When the fault that causes at noise or other factors caused 15 conductings of first circuit, external reset input signal Srst was input to the 4th circuit 21 shown in Fig. 1 or 13.Use this signal, trigger second circuit 17, will output to the RESET input R of first circuit 15 corresponding to the signal SE1 of communication termination signal.Therefore, whether no matter communication termination signal SE arranged, first circuit 15 can be cut off.
If optical communication apparatus is made such that the control output of the external equipment that is attached thereto can be input to the form of the 4th circuit as external reset signal Srst, then the power supply of optical communication apparatus disconnects and controls and can be handled by external equipment.Realizing that with external equipment the optical communication apparatus power supply disconnects the another kind of method of control, can be the control signal of utilizing among the input group Di of optical communication circuit 13 shown in Figure 2, from this communication termination signal of terminal TRI output (getting involved output) SE of control section 13c.
Next, hereinafter low pass filter 23 will be described.The purpose that this filter is set is as follows.Adopting under photodiode and the situation of light avalanche diode as light receiving element 11, if the bias voltage of light receiving element 11 flip-flop during optical communication, then on the p-n junction electric capacity of photodiode, will produce charge/discharge current, and this charge/discharge current will be superimposed upon on the photoelectric current (photoelectric current of reception), thereby cause noise current.The appearance that low pass filter 23 is placed this noise current.
Low pass filter 23 is arranged between the set input S of light receiving element 11 input Ii and switching circuit 15.In this example, between the set input S of light receiving element 11 input Ii and switching circuit 15, be provided with a single order type low pass filter of forming by capacitor CF and resistance R F.If replace the single order type low pass filter with high-order type low pass filter, then noise attentuation characteristic can further be improved.If photoelectric current maybe needn't be considered noise current than noise current is much bigger, then can omit this low pass filter 23.
Photocell 25 is used to launch light signal, and it can be made of optional preferred element, as light-emitting diode and semiconductor laser.This photocell 25 is driven by the photocell drive circuit 13d that is included in the optical communication circuit 13.The light signal that photocell 25 produces can be launched by optical fiber or the like.
Optical communication apparatus also can be made for, and make light signal with the signal wavelength of launching and reception has nothing in common with each other, or control is launched and the time of reception mode transmits and receives by a signal optical fibre.If optical communication apparatus is used for merely receiving, then photocell 25 and circuit part correspondingly can omit.
Second embodiment
Hereinafter, will describe second embodiment with the mode of example, wherein first circuit 15 is made of a circuit that comprises switching circuit 15b and electric current folding electric circuit 15c.
Figure 14 has represented an optical communication apparatus example with this structure.Specifically, in this example, negative supply (-) can be used as light receiving element 11 bias supplies in order to make positive supply (+) 29 can be used as the power supply of optical communication circuit 13, has adopted electric current folding electric circuit 15c.
Except light receiving element 11 is connected with switching circuit 15b by electric current folding electric circuit 15c, light receiving element 11 is connected with adjacent component with the polarity opposite with Fig. 1 example, and negative supply (-) 31 is as outside light receiving element 11 power supplys, constitute optical communication apparatus shown in Figure 14 assembly and between annexation, identical with among first embodiment.So explanation hereinafter will focus on and the first embodiment difference.
At first, similar with first embodiment, switching circuit 15b has first to fourth terminal at least, i.e. switch terminals G, a set input S, a switch terminals 0 and the RESET input R.Switch terminals G is connected with first power supply (being expressed as positive supply 29 (+) in Figure 14), set input S is connected with the output 0 of electric current folding electric circuit 15c, switch terminals 0 is connected with the power end Vcc of optical communication circuit 13, and the RESET input R is connected with the output 0 of second circuit 17.
And, switching circuit 15b has utilization and causes switch terminals G and 0 function of connecting as the photoelectric current Ip that flows through electric current folding electric circuit 15c when light receiving element 11 receives the light call signal of triggering signal, and has at communication termination signal SE or correspondingly keep the function of this on-state before signal SE1 input the RESET input R.
This switching circuit 15b can be made of one of described switching circuit 15a1 to 15a4 of Fig. 3 to 4 (B).
Electric current folding electric circuit 15c comprises an input I, and output 0 and one are flow through the common port COM that the total current of input and output side is all flowed through, and the electric current that flows through output 0 is caused by the electric current that flows through input I.
The input I of electric current folding electric circuit 15c is connected with the offset side (anode) of light receiving element 11.In this example, input I is connected with the anode of light receiving element 11 by a low pass filter 23.As has been described, low pass filter 23 can according to circumstances dispense fully.
And the output 0 of electric current folding electric circuit 15c is connected with the set input S of switching circuit 15b.The common port COM of electric current folding electric circuit 15c is connected with negative supply (-) 31 as bias voltage source.
Figure 15 (A) has represented the instantiation of electric current folding electric circuit 15c to Figure 15 (C).Electric current folding electric circuit 15c shown in Figure 15 (A) is configured to one and comprises the output 0 that an input 0, output stream are crossed electric current due to the linear amplification electric current of input I.The electric current folding electric circuit 15c that Figure 15 (B) and 15 (C) represent respectively, is that minimum value and the non-linear current amplifying circuit that increases with the increase of input current and restriction peaked resistance R c of output current (Figure 15 (B)) or a constant-current source circuit Ic (Figure 15 (C)) constitute by its current amplification factor to being bordering on zero input current.Certainly, these circuit have input I, output 0, and the common port COM that allows the total current that flows through input and output side I and 0 pass through.
Figure 15 (A) comprises two NPN transistor QA and QB respectively to all circuit shown in Figure 15 (C).Base stage and collector electrode at the NPN transistor QA of input I one side are connected with each other by a parallel circuits, so in transistor QA, produce a forward p-n junction between input I and the common port COM, so always there is a bias voltage to be added on the light receiving element 11.When light receiving element 11 produces photoelectric current Ip, transistor QB conducting, the set input S place that causes at switching circuit 15b produces electric current and flows out.So this current trigger switching circuit 15b makes its conducting, thereby optical communication circuit 13 is connected with positive supply (+) 29.
If use electric current folding electric circuit 15c, especially have its amplification coefficient and be bordering on the circuit that zero input current place is the non-linear current amplifying circuit of minimum value (Figure 15 (A) and (C)), then the characteristic of non-linear current amplifying circuit can be improved the S/N ratio of acceptance division branchs that is used to receive the light signal that request light receiving element 11 begins to converse, and this characteristic is meant that little electric current is suppressed and is reinforced amplification above the electric current of certain value.In other words, the reception optical noise electric current in little current range is suppressed, and the photoelectric current that the light call signal produces is reinforced amplification, can improve so be used to receive the S/N ratio of the acceptance division branch of the light signal that the request light receiving element begins to converse.
Figure 16 has represented to adopt another example of optical communication apparatus of electric current folding electric circuit.More specifically say, in order to use the power supply of positive supply 29 (+) as optical communication circuit 13, also independently positive supply 33 (+) is as the bias voltage source of light receiving element 11 in order to use, and first circuit 15 is made of the circuit that comprises switching circuit 15b and electric current folding electric circuit 15d.
Independent positive supply 33 (+) can be made of optional preferred power supply.In the example of Figure 16, with a controllable electric power as this independent current source, its output is subjected to 13 controls of optical communication circuit, and (optical communication circuit 13 disconnects) exports a fixing direct voltage when the power supply of optical communication circuit 13 is cut off, say that more specifically this controllable electric power is the high-tension circuit (HV) that can implement AGC (automatic gain control).Because the main purpose of second embodiment is the effect of explanation electric current folding electric circuit 15d, so controllable electric power 33 will be illustrated in conjunction with the 4th embodiment hereinafter.
Under with the situation of above-mentioned controllable electric power 33 as the bias voltage source of light receiving element 11, one comprises the AGC amplifier that can export the signal that is used to control controllable electric power 33 and the optical communication circuit with control signal output ends Vc, is used as optical communication circuit 13.For this reason, Figure 16 has represented an optical communication circuit 13 with control signal output ends Vc.But,, will be illustrated in conjunction with the 4th embodiment hereinafter so have the optical communication circuit of AGC amplifier because the main purpose of second embodiment is the effect of explanation electric current folding electric circuit 15d.
In the optical communication apparatus that Figure 16 represents, switching circuit 15b can wherein adopt set input S2 by aforesaid mode (1) by constituting such as the such circuit of the described circuit 15a4 of Fig. 4 (B).And switching circuit 15 can be made of the described circuit 15a5 of Fig. 5.In the optical communication apparatus that Figure 16 represents, it will flow into set input S when photoelectric current produces, so reply in order to make betwixt, need to use switching circuit 15a4 or 15a5.
Figure 17 (A) and Figure 17 (B) are respectively the circuit block diagrams of instantiation that expression is used for the electric current folding electric circuit 15d of Figure 16 optical communication apparatus.Except replace NPN transistor and other to have a diode is connected on the output with the PNP transistor, the circuit among Figure 17 (A) has the similar structure to Figure 15 (A).Except replacing NPN transistor and other to have a diode is connected on the output with the PNP transistor, the circuit among Figure 17 (B) thereby have similar structure to Figure 15 (B).
Two circuit shown in Figure 17 (A) and Figure 17 (B) are added to the bias voltage of positive supply (+) on the light receiving element.This is to adopt the transistorized reason of PNP.Diode is used to block the reverse current that produces when the controllable electric power current potential is lower than positive supply (+) 29 current potentials.
In two circuit shown in Figure 17 (A) and Figure 17 (B), base stage and the collector electrode of input I side PNP transistor Q1 interconnect by a parallel circuits, cause to produce a p-n junction between input I and the common port COM, so always there is bias voltage to be added on the light receiving element 11.When light receiving element 11 produced photoelectric current Ip, this electric current flow through transistor Q1 and Q2, thereby produced the inflow of electric current at the set input S2 place of switching circuit 15b.Thereupon, switching circuit 15b conducting is so make optical communication circuit 13 be connected with positive supply (+) 29.If the current potential of controllable electric power 33 is more much higher than positive supply (+) 29, then can omit diode.
Figure 17 (B) has represented to replace with constant-current source circuit Ic the situation of current-limiting resistance Rc.And Figure 17 (A) and 17 (B) have represented the polarity by counter-rotating transistor and diode, can be configured for the electric current folding electric circuit of inflow current.
The 3rd embodiment
First and second embodiment have represented such example, and their instructions: if connect switching circuit 15a and 15b with photoelectric current as trigger current, this electric current will flow in the optical communication circuit 13 through this switching circuit 15a and 15b.But if optical communication circuit 13 needs a big electric current, switching circuit 15a and 15b must allow big like this electric current by therebetween.In the case, suit to constitute switching circuit 15a and 15b, promptly produce first switching circuit of a switching signal and be used as the second switch circuit that electric current is directed to the path of optical communication circuit 13 in response to photoelectric current Ip by it being divided into two circuit.This mode has been brought an advantage, promptly can only use the high current capacity semiconductor element at the circuit part that is used for bearing great current.This example will describe in conjunction with the 3rd embodiment.
Figure 18 and Figure 19 conceive the example that is used for according to the optical communication apparatus shown in Figure 1 of first embodiment with the 3rd embodiment.Figure 18 is the block diagram of an expression third embodiment of the invention structure, and Figure 19 has represented some concrete samples of second switch circuit.
In optical communication apparatus shown in Figure 180, switching circuit 15a is made of first switching circuit 151 and the second switch circuit 152 that produce a switching signal in response to photoelectric current, this second switch circuit 152 is switched on or switched off by means of above-mentioned switching signal, so that switch terminal 0b that is connecting optical communication circuit 13 power supply terminal Vcc and the switch terminal G that is connected to first power supply 29,0a is in and connects or connection status not.
As already explained, switching circuit 15a is triggered and connects (promptly causing the conducting of switch terminal G and 0) by the photoelectric current that produces in response to the light call signal, and need be at communication termination signal SE or keep this conducting state before correspondingly signal SE1 occurs.Switching circuit 15a by first and second switching circuits 151 and 152 situations about constituting under, this keeps the function of conducting state to remain useful.But which circuit has this function can select, first or the second switch circuit.For example, first switching circuit 151 can constitute in such a way: it is keeping conducting state output switching signal continuously in the required time; Or arrive output switching signal in the second switch circuit 152, and keep conducting states by means of second switch circuit 152 in triggering signal.Reseting input signal is added in this side of switching circuit that keeps function.In following example, first switching circuit 151 came signal to 152 outputs of second switch circuit in keeping the conducting state required time.
This switching circuit 15a can use Fig. 3 (A) any one formation to the switching circuit 15a1 to 15a4 shown in 4 (B).In any one of these circuit, switch G is connected with positive supply (+) 29, set input S is connected with the offset side of light receiving element 11 by low pass filter 23, and switch terminal 0 is connected with the input I of switching circuit 152, and the RESET input R is the output 0 of second circuit 17.
As already explained, switching circuit 15a1 to 15a4 conducting when photoelectric current flows through its set input S.This conducting state remain to always communication termination signal SE or correspondingly signal SE1 be input to till the RESET input R of these switching circuits.Under this conducting state, signal (electric current) is exported through the output 0 of first switching circuit 151 continuously.This signal is as the Continuity signal of second switch circuit 152.
On the other hand, the structure to second switch circuit 152 does not have special restriction.Any circuit can adopt, as long as can be in response to the switching signal of first switching circuit, 151 outputs, make the switching circuit 15a terminal that connecting positive supply (+) 29 (be the switch terminal G among Figure 18,0a) with between the power end that is being connected optical communication circuit 13 power supply terminal Vcc (being switch terminal 0b among Figure 18) connect or do not connect and get final product.It is the instantiation of second switch circuit 152 that following circuit can be can be regarded as, that is: circuit for light coupler 152a (seeing Figure 19 (A)), delay circuit 152b (seeing Figure 19 (B)), transistor circuit 152c (seeing Figure 19 (C)), above-mentioned optical coupler is combined the circuit that constitutes with transistor 152d (D), above-mentioned delay circuit is combined the circuit that constitutes with transistor 152e (E), or the like.
Among the second switch circuit 152a to 152e shown in Figure 19 each, all be by its input I is connected with switch terminal 0 as first switching circuit, 151 outputs, using it for another input that drives G is connected with the earth terminal of optical communication apparatus, device output 0a is connected with the switch terminal G of first switching circuit 151, and another output 0b is connected with the power supply terminal Vcc of optical communication circuit, be used.
In the optical communication apparatus of Figure 18,, power to optical communication circuit 13 from first power supply 29 by second switch circuit 152 if it breaks away from stand-by state.The operation principle except that above-mentioned and the first embodiment optical communication apparatus similar.
When the low circuit of input one side resistance was used as the second switch circuit, suitable usefulness had the circuit of constant current function to constitute first switching circuit, as Fig. 3 (A), and the circuit shown in 3 (B) or 4 (A).
Figure 20 conceives the example that is used for according to the optical communication apparatus shown in Figure 9 of first embodiment with the 3rd embodiment.In other words, this is one the 3rd embodiment design is applied to the example of such optical communication apparatus, therein negative supply (-) 29 as optical communication circuit 13 power supplys, replace positive supply (+) 29.
In this optical communication apparatus, switching circuit 15a is made up of first switching circuit 153 and second switch circuit 152.First switching circuit 153 can be made of the switching circuit 15a4 by the sub-S2 of aforementioned manner (2) employing set input shown in Fig. 4 (a), or is made of switching circuit 15a5 among Fig. 5.Switching circuit 15a4 and 15a5 its each (171) as first switching circuit 153, all pass through its switch terminal G2 is connected with negative supply (-) 29, being set input S2 is connected with light receiving element 11 offset sides by low pass filter 23, its switch terminal 02 is connected with the input G of second switch circuit, and its RESET input R is connected with the output 0 of second circuit 17, be used.
On the other hand, can use Figure 19 (A), 19 (B), 19 (C), the circuit structure second switch circuit 152 shown in 19 (D) and 19 (E).But, the direction that electric current flows is opposite with circuit shown in Figure 180, so the second switch circuit is by its input I is connected with the optical communication apparatus earth terminal, using it for another input of driving G is connected with switch terminal 02 as the output of first switching circuit 153, and its another output 0a is connected with power supply terminal Vcc, be used.
In optical communication apparatus shown in Figure 20, if it has broken away from stand-by state, optical communication circuit 13 will be accepted the power supply of power supply 29 by second switch circuit 152.Operation principle except that above-mentioned is identical with the optical communication apparatus of first embodiment.
The 4th embodiment
Referring to the first and the 3rd embodiment, illustrated from the situation of bias voltage is provided to light receiving element 11 by first circuit 15 as first power supply of optical communication circuit 13 power supplys.This first power supply 29 is usually as exporting the fixedly power supply of direct voltage.
If but be used for making light receiving element 11 photoelectric current that sends to keep constant control voltage on the occasion of (+) amplitude, can be used as a bias voltage and be added on the light receiving element 11 by first circuit 15, then more desirable.If feasible, can realize that its stand-by state power consumption is zero optical communication apparatus substantially, and under the automatic gain control (AGC) that comprises complete AGC, can realize high-quality communication, in the optical communication process, make the photoelectric current pulse amplitude constant.
So, in this 4th embodiment, will describe an example in detail, wherein a controllable power is connected with first circuit 15, referring to Figure 21 to 26 (being the described invention of claim 8).Figure 21 is the block diagram of expression the 4th embodiment notion.
The optical communication apparatus of the 4th embodiment shown in Figure 21 comprises: a light receiving element 11, an optical communication circuit 13, one first circuit 15,19, one the 4th circuit 21 of 17, one tertiary circuits of a second circuit, a low pass filter 23,25, one first power supplys 29 of a photocell and a controllable electric power 33.
In this embodiment, light receiving element 11 is made of an avalanche diode.
As shown in figure 22, except the structure that illustrated in conjunction with first embodiment, optical communication circuit 13 comprises: one produces control from controllable electric power 33 (being high-pressure generating circuit) output voltage V out and an AGC amplifier 13e who is used to export the output Vc of above-mentioned signal is arranged.The optical communication circuit that comprises AGC amplifier 13e is open, as: the author is S.Soejima and S.Kaibuchi, " OpticalCommunication (New Edition); " Optical Communication NewsCo., Dec.12.1981, p.419, this open file at this paper as a reference.
And first circuit 15 is made of the circuit that comprises controllable voltage 33, the first switching circuits 154 and second switch circuit 155.
This embodiment is different from first embodiment in following several respects, that is: adopted controllable voltage 33, the first circuit 15 to be made of first and second switching circuits 154 and 155, and controllable electric power 33 is connected with first circuit 15.Hereinafter these differences will be described one by one.The annexation of this other assembly of embodiment is identical with first embodiment.
Controllable electric power 33 is as exporting a fixedly power supply of direct voltage, and wherein, its output Vout is subjected to the control of optical communication circuit 13, and the power supply that is added on this circuit 13 from first power supply 29 is disconnected.More specifically, circuit 13 is as high-pressure generating circuit (HV circuit), it is the such voltage of output under 13 controls of optical communication circuit: can control the avalanche diode current amplification factor as light receiving element, export a fixedly direct voltage when light receiving element 11 is in off-state.
This high-pressure generating circuit can be made of a circuit that is fit to arbitrarily, as long as it have when optical communication circuit 13 is in off-state, can export one fixedly direct voltage function and can export one and under conducting state, show as the add deduct function of few voltage of monotone increasing under optical communication circuit 13 control.And this high-pressure generating circuit can be exported the voltage higher than first power supply 29 usually.
Figure 23 is the block diagram of an expression as the high-pressure generating circuit instantiation of controllable electric power 33.This high-pressure generating circuit is by a DC/DC translation circuit 33a as high voltage source, transistor Q1 to Q3, a constant-voltage diode Vz and an amplifier circuit 33b formation that comprises as the constant-current circuit I1 and the I2 (available big resistance replaces) of transistor Q1 and Q2 load impedance.This DC/DC translation circuit 33a becomes a higher voltage to the voltage transformation of first power supply 29.The input I of high-pressure generating circuit 33 is connected with the control voltage output end Vc of optical communication circuit 13, and the output 0 of this circuit 13 is connected with switch terminals G as first switching circuit, 154 first ends.
As in the high-pressure generating circuit of controllable electric power 33, if input I does not have the signal input, then transistor Q1 is in off-state and transistor Q2 is in conducting (saturated) state, thereby exports a constant DC voltage of being determined by constant-voltage diode Vz.In other words, if because the notconnect state between the optical communication circuit 13 and first power supply 29, and make optical communication circuit 13 be in off-state (terminal Vc is output as zero), then high-pressure generating circuit 33 is to fixing direct voltage of the switch terminal G of first switching circuit 154 output.
On the other hand, if optical communication circuit 13 is in conducting state, then there is a control signal to be imported into the input I of high-pressure generating circuit 33 from the output Vc of circuit 13.Whereby, transistor Q1 and Q2 are triggered and realize enlarging function.This high-pressure generating circuit 33 is in response to the amplitude of optical communication circuit 13 terminal control signals that Vc exports, to the switch terminal G of first switching circuit 154, export its value constant-voltage diode Vz definite constant voltage and DC/DC translation circuit 33a export voltage between the high pressure HV.
In practical circuit shown in Figure 23, first power supply 29 is used as the power supply of high-pressure generating circuit 33, so need DC/DC translation circuit 33a as auxiliary circuit.But if independently high-voltage DC power supply is as high-pressure generating circuit with one in optical communication apparatus, above-mentioned DC/DC translation circuit 33a can omit.
First switching circuit 154 has at least first to fourth terminal, its the first terminal is connected with controllable electric power 33 outputs 0, second terminal is connected with the offset side of light receiving element 11 by low pass filter 23, the 3rd terminal is connected with the terminal of output switching signal, and the 4th terminal is connected with the output 0 of second circuit 17.And first switching circuit 154 always offers light receiving element 11 with the voltage based on controllable electric power 33 as bias voltage by second terminal; Receive in the light call signal at light receiving element 11, with photoelectric current as the trigger current that flows through second terminal; And the 4th terminal receive communication termination signal SE1 or correspondingly before the signal SE from the 3rd terminal output switching signal.
First switching circuit 154 can be made of optional preferred circuit, as long as it has above-mentioned functions.
First switching circuit 154 can be used Fig. 3 (A) any one formation to the switching circuit 15a1 to 15a4 shown in 4 (B).In the case, the terminal of first switching circuit 154 and other parts have following relation.Promptly, switch terminals G is connected with the output 0 of controllable electric power 33, set input S is connected with light receiving element 11 negative electrodes by low pass filter 23, and switch terminals 0 is connected with the input I of second switch circuit 155, and the RESET input R is connected with the output 0 of second circuit 17.
In this first switching circuit 154, its level departs from controllable electric power 33 output voltages voltage to a certain degree, always by the forward p-n junction between switch terminal G and the set input S, offers light receiving element 11 as bias voltage.Particularly, when optical communication circuit 13 was in off-state, the fixedly direct voltage of controllable electric power 33 outputs was provided for light receiving element 11 as bias voltage.On the other hand, when optical communication circuit 13 was in off-state, 13 controls of optical communication circuit were provided for light receiving element 11 as its bias voltage from the voltage of controllable electric power 33 outputs down.
This means, be added with the pulse amplitude of may command photoelectric current on the light receiving element 11 so that it keeps constant bias voltage.Therefore, under the situation that adopts avalanche diode, might realize optical communication by means of so-called automatic gain control (AGC fully), wherein the photoelectric current pulse amplitude keeps constant.
Switching circuit 15a's is identical among the on/off operation principle of switching circuit 154 and first embodiment.That is, when light receiving element receives the light call signal, flow into set input S with the photoelectric current that produces constantly, its first switching circuit 154 enters conducting state.This conducting state remains to communication termination signal SE1 till second circuit 17 is input to the RESET input R of first switching circuit 154 always.In 154 conductings of first switching circuit, switching signal outputs to second switch circuit 155 from switch terminals 0.
Second switch circuit 155 is arranged between first power supply 29 and power end Vcc thereof of optical communication circuit 13, and makes first power supply 29 become connection status with optical communication circuit 13 in response to the switching signal that first switching circuit sends.
Second switch circuit 155 can be made of the circuit that is fit to arbitrarily, as long as it has above-mentioned functions.Figure 24 to 26 has represented the example of some optical communication apparatus, and second switch circuit part 155 is made of a physical circuit therein.
Figure 24 has represented an example of optical communication apparatus, this device comprise by relay R be used for the second switch circuit 155 that diode DR that overvoltage absorbs constitutes.In the case, if overvoltage absorption diode DR changes Zener diode into, its Zener voltage is set at the operational voltage value of relay R, and employing has Fig. 3 (A) of constant current output, among the switching circuit 15a1 to 15a3 shown in 3 (B) and 4 (A) one, then make controllable electric power 33 have a wide output voltage range to become possibility, the sphere of action of AGC is bigger.
Figure 25 has represented an example of optical communication apparatus, wherein uses optical coupler as second switch circuit 155.Because the importation of optical coupler is made of a low resistance switch element, constitute Fig. 3 (A) for example, one of circuit shown in 3 (B) and 4 (A) with the circuit that the constant current function is arranged so first switching circuit 154 is suitable.
Figure 26 has represented an example of optical communication apparatus, and the switching signal (output current) that wherein comes from first switching circuit 154 is transported to resistance R DC or Zener diode Dz, converts thereof into voltage.Use this voltage, make buffer transistor Q1 conducting, and then make the 155 comprehensive conductings of second switch circuit
Figure 19 (A) to circuit shown in 19 (E) be the practical circuit that can be used as second switch circuit 155.
In the optical communication apparatus of fourth embodiment of the invention, when 154 conductings of first switching circuit, second switch circuit 155 enters conducting state.Therefore, optical communication circuit 13 is connected with first power supply 29, thereby makes optical communication apparatus enter communications status.When first switching circuit 154 disconnected, second switch circuit 155 entered off-state, so optical communication circuit 13 and first power supply 29 become notconnect state, so optical communication apparatus enters its stand-by state.
Even optical communication apparatus is in stand-by state, still have one fixedly direct current be added on the light receiving element from controllable electric power 33.As with reference to figure 6 to 8 explanations of being done, optical communication apparatus has the current path that flows to ground wire at stand-by state by photoelectric current, so that when light receiving element 11 produced photoelectric current in response to the light call signal that is received, optical communication apparatus changed its communications status with this photoelectric current over to as trigger current.
When optical communication apparatus changed its communications status over to, controllable electric power 33 provided an AGC control voltage for light receiving element 11.So, if avalanche diode is used as light receiving element 11, can realize automatic gain control (AGC fully), the current amplification factor of its control avalanche diode is to keep the photoelectric current pulse amplitude constant.
Therefore, this 4th embodiment make be implemented in have under the stand-by state than the higher energy-saving effect of prior art device, and the optical communication apparatus that can implement to have the optical communication of complete AGC function become possibility.
The 5th embodiment
In the 4th embodiment, the example that the optical communication apparatus of bias voltage is provided for light receiving element with controllable electric power 33 has been described.But under the situation of the 4th embodiment, optical communication apparatus is to constitute like this: be under the communications status even work as optical communication apparatus, bias voltage still is added on the light receiving element 11 by first switching circuit 154.So, having noise and occur in first switching circuit 154 and/or the second switch circuit 155, the situation of this noise leakage in the light receiving element might appear.This be avoid with improved, to strengthen the reliability of optical communication.
And in the optical communication apparatus of the 4th embodiment, high-pressure generating circuit is used as controllable electric power 33, being that light receiving element 1 provides bias voltage under the stand-by state of optical communication apparatus.But, under the situation of using high-pressure generating circuit, just must make high-pressure generating circuit certainly, and will make amplifying circuit and other part in addition.To therefore expend and increase thereupon electrical source consumption.Under whole above-mentioned situation, when optical communication apparatus is in stand-by state, has only power supply maintenance work.So,, will further improve energy-saving effect as long as (what a) in running order power supply number can reduce under stand-by state.
If such optical communication apparatus is arranged, just can solve the problem of having stated.The 5th embodiment example (the described invention of claim 9) that comes to this.Hereinafter will describe this example in detail in conjunction with Figure 27 to 29.
The formation of the 5th embodiment optical communication apparatus, similar with the 4th embodiment, comprise a light receiving element 11,15, one second circuits 17 of 13, one first circuit of an optical communication circuit, a tertiary circuit 19,23, one photocells 25 of 21, one low pass filters of one the 4th circuit and one first power supply 29.
But in this example, first circuit 15 is made of the circuit that comprises 35, one controllable electric powers of a change-over circuit, 37, the first switching circuits 156 and a second switch circuit 157.
Because the insertion of change-over circuit 35, the annexation of some assembly and the 4th embodiment are different among this embodiment.Hereinafter will illustrate one by one this.But annexation and the 4th embodiment between other assembly irrelevant with inserting change-over circuit are identical.
Change-over circuit 35 is circuit that comprise first end, 1, the second end 2 and be connected in the common port COM of light receiving element offset side.In addition, this circuit can be in the two states, that is: be subjected to switching signal (hereinafter will the describe in detail) control from first switching circuit and second end 2 is connected with common port COM when switching signal export first state, second state that is connected with common port COM with first end 1 when not having switching signal to import.
First end 1 of change-over circuit 35 is connected with the set input S of first switching circuit 156, and its second end 2 is connected with the output 0 of controllable electric power 37.
This change-over circuit 35 can be made of the circuit that is fit to arbitrarily, as long as it has above-mentioned functions.Figure 27 to 29 has represented its some examples.
In optical communication apparatus shown in Figure 27, second switch circuit 157 is made of a relay, so change-over circuit 35 constitutes by adding a discrete conversion contact circuit that driven by relay.
In optical communication apparatus shown in Figure 28, change-over circuit 35 is made of two diodes.Say that more specifically change-over circuit 35 is made of two negative electrode diodes connected to one another, wherein the tie point of negative electrode is as common port COM, and the anode of a diode is as terminal 1, and the anode of another diode is as terminal 2.In the case, change-over circuit does not comprise mechanical displacement means, so it is more more reliable than using relay.
Under the situation of change-over circuit 35 shown in Figure 28, if controllable electric power 27 is configured to like this: at its duration of work, its output voltage always keeps the output voltage height than first power supply 29, and be added in change-over circuit 35 first and second ends 1, its relative amplitude relation (size) of voltage on 2, can reverse in response to the on/off operation of controllable electric power 37, thereby the conducting state of two diodes is switched mutually.
In optical communication apparatus shown in Figure 29, change-over circuit 35 constitutes by an integral body that adopts NMOS FET (N type NMOS N-channel MOS N field-effect transistor) and PMOS FET (P type NMOS N-channel MOS N field-effect transistor).More specifically say, the following formation of the terminal of change-over circuit 35: common port COM constitutes by the node that connection nmos source and PMOS drain electrode obtain, second terminal 2 is to constitute by the node that the door that connects NMOS drain electrode and two MOS s obtains, and the first terminal 1 is made of pmos source.In the case, change-over circuit does not comprise mechanical displacement means yet, so it is more more reliable than the situation of using relay.
Under the situation of change-over circuit 35 shown in Figure 29, if controllable electric power 37 is set like this: at its duration of work, its output voltage always keeps the output voltage height than first power supply 29, when optical communication circuit 13 is under the stand-by state, PMOS conducting when controllable electric power 37 output voltages are zero, and NMOS conducting when the output voltage of controllable electric power 27 is high.Therefore, the on/off operation in response to MOS transistor realizes switching motion.
Controllable electric power 37 is power supplys that its output voltage V out is subjected to 13 controls of optical communication circuit.In the case, if with avalanche diode as light receiving element 11, then control power supply 37 and constitute by a high-pressure generating circuit (HV circuit), it export a voltage that is controlled by optical communication circuit 13, to control the avalanche diode current amplification factor.
The controllable electric power 33 that adopts among the 4th embodiment needs the fixing direct voltage of output when optical communication electric current 13 is in stand-by state.In the 5th embodiment, controllable electric power 37 can be one and be in the power supply that its output voltage under the stand-by state situation can be zero (when disconnecting) at optical communication electric current 13.
First switching circuit 156 has at least first to fourth terminal, the first terminal is connected with first power supply 29, second terminal is connected with the first terminal 1 of change-over circuit 37, and the 3rd terminal is the output of switching signal, and the 4th terminal is connected with the output of second circuit 17.And when change-over circuit 35 was in above-mentioned second state, first switching circuit 156 provided the voltage based on first power supply 29 as bias voltage by the first terminal and change-over circuit 35 for light receiving element 11; When light receiving element 11 receives the light call signal, as flowing through the trigger current of second terminal, and from the 3rd terminal output switching signal, receive the communication termination signal or correspondingly till the signal until the 4th terminal with photoelectric current.
This first switching circuit 156 can be made of the circuit that is fit to arbitrarily, as long as it can finish above-mentioned functions.
This first switching circuit 156 can be used any one formation to the described switching circuit 15a1 to 15a4 of 4 (B) with reference to figure 3 (A).Therefore, the terminal of first switching circuit 156 and other parts have following relation.That is: switch terminal G is connected with first power supply 29, and set input S is connected with change-over circuit the first terminal 1, and switch terminal 0 is connected with the input I of second switch circuit 157, and the RESET input R is connected with the output 0 of second circuit 17.
In this first switching circuit 156, its level departs from power supply 29 output voltages voltage to a certain degree, and the forward p-n junction by between switch terminal G and the set input S appears at set input.And, when change-over circuit 35 is in second state, by set input S, change-over circuit 35 and low pass filter 23, be provided for light receiving element 11 as bias voltage based on the voltage of first power supply 29.
When light receiving element 11 received the light call signal, the photoelectric current of generation flow to set input S, thereby made first switching circuit 156 enter conducting state.Then, from switch terminal 0 output switching signal of first switching circuit 156.The RESET input R that the conducting state of first switching circuit 156 remains to first switching circuit 156 always receives till communication termination signal SE or the signal SE1 correspondingly from second circuit 17.Switching circuit 15a's is identical among the on/off operation principle of first switching circuit 156 and first embodiment.
First or second state of the on/off operation of second switch circuit 157 and change-over circuit 35 depends on whether output switching signal of first switching circuit 156.
Second switch circuit 157 is arranged between first power supply 29 and its power supply terminal Vcc of optical communication circuit 13, and couples together as making between first power supply and the optical communication circuit 13 in response to the switching signal from first switching circuit.This second switch circuit 157 can be made of the circuit that is fit to arbitrarily, as long as it can finish above-mentioned functions.Circuit 152a to 152e among Figure 19 can be used as the example of second switch circuit 157.Figure 27 to 29 has represented some examples of optical communication apparatus, and wherein second switch circuit 157 is by a relay circuit (comprise and have a circuit that is used to absorb the diode of overvoltage).
In the optical communication apparatus of the 5th embodiment, the on/off operation of first and second switching circuits 156,157 is identical with the 4th embodiment's.Therefore, because the power supply of controllable electric power 37 can be cut off, so compare with the 4th embodiment, the energy-saving effect under the device stand-by state can be improved because of outage.And present embodiment provides the optical communication apparatus that can implement full AGC control optical communication.
Following specific function can be produced by the optical communication apparatus of the 5th embodiment.That is, under device is in stand-by state, can offer light receiving element 11 as its bias voltage based on the voltage of first power supply 29.On the other hand, under the state that communicates, can offer light receiving element 11 as its bias voltage based on the voltage of controllable electric power 37.So, can obtain following effect (1) and (2).
(1) under optical communication apparatus is in stand-by state, even always can cut off the power supply that its inner power consumption is not zero controllable electric power 37 (high-pressure generating circuit) at stand-by state yet.Therefore, the power consumption of this high-pressure generating circuit can be zero under stand-by state.
(2) during carrying out optical communication, can first and second switching circuits be separated with light receiving element 11 by change-over circuit 35, thereby reduce noise by of the leakage of these switching circuits to light receiving element.
The 6th embodiment
In the 5th embodiment, the power supply that is connected with first switching circuit is first power supply as the optical communication circuit power.But, be in its application target and consider that it is the high-quality DC power supply that first power supply requires usually.Because adopted the high-quality DC power supply that prevents voltage fluctuation and prevent the noise access method, be to realize that light stable communication is requisite.But the high-quality power supply is usually with big power loss.In the optical communication apparatus of having discussed, even under stand-by state, first power supply 29 also must keep work, so the produce power loss.On the other hand, being in pre-state following time at device provides for light receiving element 11 in the power supply of bias voltage, does not always need high-quality so.It would be better to, allow it just have and light receiving element is produced in response to the light call signal can make device break away from the function of photoelectric current of stand-by state for well.Viewpoint is set out thus, can determine: the power supply that bias voltage is provided for light receiving element 11 under the device stand-by state, preferably separate, go out to return and it to be set to second source (simpler) from the viewpoint that cuts down the consumption of energy with first power supply 29 that is used for optical communication circuit 13.The 6th embodiment is one and replenishes aforesaid example, hereinafter will describe with reference to Figure 30.
Optical communication apparatus comprises 11, one optical communication circuit of light receiving element 13x, 23, one photocells 25 of 21, one low pass filters of 19, one the 4th circuit of 17, one tertiary circuits of 15, one second circuits of one first circuit.But in this example, first circuit 15 has constituted one and has comprised change-over circuit 35, the circuit of controllable electric power 39, the first switching circuits 156 and second switch circuit 157.
Light receiving element 11, second circuit 17, tertiary circuit 19, the four circuit 21, low pass filter 23, assembly identical with appropriate section among the 5th embodiment with photocell 25 usefulness and circuit constitute.Just, constitute first switching circuit 156 of first circuit 15, second switch circuit 157 and change-over circuit 35 are made of those identical assemblies and circuit among the 5th embodiment.
Except with the 5th embodiment same structure that had illustrated, optical communication circuit 13x also comprises a power circuit 14, and a terminal V and a terminal Vcc1 who is used for providing electric energy to controllable electric power 39 who is used for providing external power source to power circuit 14 is set further.
This power supply terminal V fills shown in 23 that the terminal of positive supply (+) connects in the high-pressure generating circuit by second switch circuit 157 and first power supply, 29 splicing ear Vcc1 with being connected.
Power circuit 14 in optical communication circuit 13x, when being connected with a source power supply or a simple straight power supply as first power supply by its power supply terminal V, it produces the required high-quality voltage of the required voltage vcc of optical communication circuit 13x and controllable electric power 39.
First power supply 29 can be an AC power (comprises commercial), or its energy consumption of forming by this DC power supply, rectification circuit, filter circuit load current be zero be negligible simple straight power supply, or dry cell.
Controllable electric power 39 is arranged to a high-pressure generating circuit, the output voltage of this high-pressure generating circuit is controlled by the control signal of optical communication circuit 13x terminal Vc output, and with voltage, as the DC power supply that produces high pressure by power circuit 14 terminal Vcc1 output among the optical communication circuit 13x.
The feature of the 6th embodiment is that the power supply that is connected to first switching circuit, 156 switch terminals G has constituted second source 41.In the case, second source 41 also is used as the power supply of second circuit 17.
Second source 41 can be made of a simple straight power supply, the negligible DC power supply of energy consumption when being zero as the load current of being made up of AC power, rectification circuit (full-wave rectification or halfwave rectifier) and filter circuit, or dry cell.This is because promptly use so simple power supply, also can provide required bias voltage for light receiving element 11 when optical communication apparatus is in stand-by state.In addition, the switching manipulation that may carry out as for first switching circuit 156 and second circuit 17, they not only do not need to implement special speed-sensitive switch operation substantially, and only carry out the switching manipulation (because high speed operation is impossible, they are subjected to the influence of high-frequency noise hardly) within its ability.Therefore, when implementing optical communication, because change-over circuit 35 makes first switching circuit 156 separate with second source 41, so needn't consider the noise characteristic of second source 41.So second source can as above constitute simply.
The voltage of second source can be a voltage arbitrarily, as long as it is suitable for light receiving element.With under the situation of avalanche diode as light receiving element 11, can be set at such voltage to the voltage of second source 41: the specific amplification coefficient of the light that avalanche diode is received occurs when the first switching circuit conducting.
Present embodiment (the 6th) optical communication apparatus conversion of operation state, on the contrary from the stand-by state to the communications status or, undertaken by the mode identical substantially with the 5th embodiment.So relevant explanation no longer repeats herein.
Except available those effects of the 5th embodiment device, can obtain following effect according to the optical communication apparatus of the 6th embodiment.
(1) by means of simple second source 41, the energy consumption in the time of can further reducing optical communication apparatus and be in stand-by state.
(2) voltage of second source 41 can be configured to the light receiving element operating bias voltage when being suitable for most receiving the light call signal.So, can improve the reception response characteristic when receiving the light call signal.This is especially effective when using avalanche diode as light receiving element.
(3) if the bias voltage value of light receiving element does not need strict the qualification, then second source can be arranged to optimize a kind of magnitude of voltage of first switching circuit 156 or second switch circuit 157 or second circuit 17 operations.
(4) when with commercial ac power source or simple straight power supply as first power supply 29, and the optical communication circuit is when itself comprising another power supply, the on/off operation of optical communication apparatus is finished by the instruction that comes from foundation.Therefore, can further reduce device and be in energy consumption under the stand-by state.
In the 6th embodiment, illustrated that second source 41 provides the example of power supply for second circuit 17.But if first power supply 29 is not AC power but DC power supply, second circuit 17 may be accepted the power supply from first power supply 29.
In the above description, the example that the second source 41 and the first power supply branch are arranged has been described.But if a simple straight power supply and having and second source same voltage level during first power supply, the former can be used as the latter.This is also included within the scope of the present invention.
In the above-mentioned explanation, commercial ac power source or simple straight power supply and optical communication circuit were the examples that comprises the circuit 13x of internal electric source 14 when first power supply had been described.But also can be like this: first power supply be such as the high-quality power supply that is used for first to fourth embodiment, and the optical communication circuit is an optical communication circuit 13.Even this is because like this, use second source still can bring good effect.
The 7th embodiment
In the 6th example, illustrated that second source 41 is connected as its power supply with first circuit 15, thereby the example of stand-by state energy-saving effect further is provided.But, suppose that change-over circuit 35 is made of diode (seeing Figure 28), and the output voltage of second source 41 is set at high value, if the output voltage of controllable electric power (high-pressure generating circuit) 39 is lower than second source 41 when implementing communication, then change-over circuit 35 can misoperation.The 7th embodiment is the way that overcomes and avoid this misoperation.
Figure 31 is the circuit diagram of expression seventh embodiment of the invention optical communication apparatus structure.In the optical communication apparatus of this embodiment, between second source 41 and first circuit 15 (more specifically, first switching circuit), a voltage drop circuit 51 is set.The arrangement of other parts and the 6th embodiment's is identical in the device.
When optical communication circuit 13x was in off-state, voltage drop circuit 51 offered first switching circuit 156 to the output voltage of second source 41.On the other hand, when optical communication circuit 13x conducting, it provides a preset voltage for first switching circuit 156, and this preset voltage is lower than the output voltage of controllable electric power 39 and is higher than the minimum voltage of guaranteeing 156 work of first switching circuit.
According to this voltage drop circuit 51, when optical communication apparatus enters communications status, the output voltage of second source 41 will be controlled, so that its value always is lower than the output voltage of controllable electric power 39.So in the change-over circuit 35 that diode constitutes, its anode is connecting the diode of controllable electric power 39, conducting always when optical communication apparatus is in communications status is so that change-over circuit 35 carries out its ordinary tap operation.
Voltage drop circuit 51 can constitute with the circuit that is fit to arbitrarily, as long as it can realize above-mentioned functions.Figure 31 has represented to be used for an instantiation of optical communication apparatus.
This voltage drop circuit 51 comprises NPN transistor Q1, Q2, resistance R 1 to R3 and a Zener diode Dz.In more detail, the collector electrode of transistor Q1 is connected with the output (the input I of voltage drop circuit 51) of second source 41, its emitter is connected with the switch terminals G (being voltage drop circuit output 0) of first switching circuit 156, and its base stage is connected with the negative electrode of Zener diode Dz.Resistance R 1 connects between the base stage and collector electrode of transistor Q1.On the other hand, the collector electrode of transistor Q2 is connected with the anode of Zener diode Dz, and its emitter is connected with the earth terminal of optical communication apparatus, and its base stage is connected with the terminal of optical communication circuit 13x by resistance R 2.Resistance R 3 is connected between the base stage and emitter of transistor Q2.
As mentioned above, the terminal Vcc1 of optical communication circuit 13x is a terminal that is used for to controllable electric power 39 output voltages (time direct-flow positive voltage) here.When optical communication apparatus is in stand-by state (off-state), the voltage of exporting from terminal Vcc1 is zero volt, equals to offer the direct voltage of controllable electric power 39.The terminal of voltage drop circuit 51 is connected with the terminal Vcc1 of optical communication circuit 13x, and as control end C.
In voltage drop circuit shown in Figure 31 51, when the control input voltage of control end was zero, the transistor Q2 of voltage drop circuit disconnected.Simultaneously, its transistor Q1 separates with Zener diode Dz, and is connected resistance R 1 conducting between its base stage and the collector electrode.On the other hand, when the control input voltage of control end C was " H " voltage, the transistor Q2 of voltage drop circuit connected.Simultaneously, the transistor Q1 rheobase of voltage drop circuit by Zener diode Dz strangulation at the Zener voltage place, so that the high no better than clamping voltage of the output voltage of terminal 0.By optimizing the misoperation that clamping voltage can prevent change-over circuit 35.
In above-mentioned, the change-over circuit that constitutes in conjunction with diode has illustrated the effect of voltage drop circuit 51.But voltage drop circuit 51 is still effective when change-over circuit constitutes (see and fill 29) with MOS transistor.
In the above description, the output voltage of terminal Vcc1 promptly offers the direct voltage of controllable electric power 39, is used as the control signal that offers voltage drop circuit 51 control terminal C.But, offer the control signal of control terminal C, can be one and occur synchronously or absent variable signal with the power supply that is fed to optical communication circuit 13x, promptly with optical communication circuit 13x from the stand-by state to the communications status or the change-over time of reverse operating synchronous signal.So, without limits to the voltage of the terminal Vcc1 of optical communication circuit output.
The mode that voltage drop circuit 51 can be fit to arbitrarily constitutes, and as by the connected mode of transistor Q1 is changed into the Darlington mode, perhaps adopts MOS transistor.
In the 7th embodiment optical communication apparatus, basic identical from stand-by state to the situation of the conversion of communications status or opposite conversion operations and the 6th embodiment, so no longer repeat relevant explanation here.
According to the 7th embodiment, except the available effect of the 6th embodiment optical communication apparatus, can also obtain another effect: can prevent to implement the misoperation of the change-over circuit 35 (as Figure 28,29) of switching manipulation according to the input voltage amplitude of respective terminal 1 and 2.
The embodiment of optical communication system
Optical communication system with high energy-saving effect can realize with the optical communication apparatus that illustrated in conjunction with each embodiment of the present invention.
More specifically, by connecting with an optical signal transmission instrument in the optical communication system that two or more optical communication apparatus constitute such as optical fiber, if at least one optical communication apparatus uses how much described devices of each embodiment to constitute, so just can be based upon the optical communication system that energy-saving effect under the stand-by state is much higher than existed system.
As the example more specifically of this optical communication system as mentioned above, following system promptly can be an example, that is: one with optical communication apparatus of the present invention as terminal unit, and have the optical communication system of connection function of exchange resemble the telephone switching system; Optical communication apparatus of the present invention by being connected with equipment such as personal computer is realized the optical communication system that data transmission/reception is controlled; An optical communication system that comprises the optical communication apparatus of the present invention that is connected with environment measurement instrument (comprising meteorologic survey); Or the like.For example, if for purposes such as environment measurements, optical communication apparatus of the present invention be set at remote island or high mountain like this some inconvenience set up the zone of energy regenerative system, can realize effectively energy-conservation optical system.
Comprise one of the communication means of the automatics of apparatus of the present invention as employing, can adopt following method.
At first, light call signal of main website emission makes it to activate to automatics.Afterwards, the main website emission comprises the control signal of main website insertion at interior light signal.Automatics is extracted this control signal from the light signal of being launched.Just can control this automatics with this control signal, comprise the on/off operation of power supply.And, if main website indication automatics is replied, the condition of expression automatics and other necessary information are delivered to main website by the optical communication apparatus of automatics, and according to this information Control automatics of returning, main website can only handle automatics where necessary off and on.Thereby, realize that thus high-quality remote-controlled stand-by state does not have the optical communication apparatus of energy consumption.
With regard to the method for signal that formation comprises data and control information, known method such as coding rule are upset method, the frame signal method, or the like.
In the long haul communication of being undertaken by personal computer in the modern times, be under the automatic reception mode in order to keep personal computer, the power supply of personal computer (comprising modulator-demodulator) must be in conducting state always.But, being used for this long haul communication if comprise the personal computer of optical communication apparatus of the present invention, the power-off state that is in the personal computer in the stand-by state can be compatible with its automatic reception mode.
Other embodiment
Several embodiments of the present invention have been discussed in preamble.But the present invention is not limited to these embodiment, and it is to be changed and remodeling by those of ordinary skills, and all is included in the described invention scope of appended claims.
For example, in the 3rd to the 7th embodiment, illustrated in order to make the second switch circuit receive communication termination signal SE correspondingly to keep its conducting state before the signal SE1 that first switching circuit is continuously to the situation of second switch circuit output switching signal at first switching circuit.But, as described belowly also can obtain identical result by another kind of circuit is set.Promptly for conducting second switch circuit, the output of first switching circuit is as the switching signal of trigger current.On the other hand, a circuit that keeps first switching signal that switching circuit is sent out is set in the second switch circuit.As communication termination signal SE or when correspondingly signal SE1 is input to second circuit, the second switch circuit disconnects.The schematic diagram of this layout is illustrated among Figure 36.In the case, the second switch circuit comprises semiconductor switching device by one and the RESET input R constitutes.
Can certainly the 3rd to the 7th embodiment with combine consideration with the design of the described electric current folding electric circuit of second embodiment.
In the 4th and the 5th embodiment, the situation of positive supply (+) as first power supply has been described.But Fig. 9 is described with the design of negative supply (-) as first power supply, also can be used for any one of the 4th and the 5th.
Comprise at the optical communication circuit under the situation of a plurality of power supplys, perhaps have under the situation of suitable external equipment with the conducting of optical communication circuit, the ON/OFF of these power supplys is done following processing: (1) amount is as required made a plurality of second switch circuit, its each all constitute by such circuit, when their DC operation (are seen Figure 18 (A), 19 (B), 19 (D), with 19 (E)) and during with a plurality of electric power on/off of each second switch circuit control optical communication circuit or ancillary equipment, its input and output side is separated from each other.(2) amount as required makes that many (0a 0b), and is connected them with a plurality of power supplys of optical communication circuit or ancillary equipment to output; And (3) amount making as required is a plurality of by open/close the 3rd switch of second switch (being similar to the structure of second switch), and they are connected with a plurality of power supplys of optical communication circuit or ancillary equipment.
Under the situation of using a plurality of second switch circuit, its each all constitute by such circuit: its input and output side is separated from each other when their DC operation, and input needs the resistance (seeing Figure 19 (D)) of constant current driven to constitute by one, if a plurality of importations (paired terminal I, G) be one another in series, then the necessary output current of first switching circuit output reduces pro rata, and has prevented the amplification and the increase of the energy consumption of first switching circuit respectively.
If allow the control section 13c (seeing Fig. 2,22) in the optical communication circuit 13 extract the command information that is included in the light emitted signal, then comprise the various controls in being controlled at of optical communication circuit and peripheral equipment power thereof, can implement by the command information that extracts.As illustrated, for forming the method for transmission data, or reproduce the method that receives data by the numerical value of arrangement such as indication device condition, the various information of test data in conjunction with the 8th embodiment, various known methods are arranged, upset method as coding rule, the frame signal method, or the like.
The effect of invention
Can be very clear from aforesaid explanation, according to the present invention, a kind of method of saving the optical communication apparatus power consumption is provided, wherein this optical communication apparatus comprises: receive the light receiving element of the light signal contain the light call signal and comprise be used to amplify the amplifying circuit of photoelectric current that described light receiving element produces and implement optical communication must predetermined process and according to the optical communication circuit of the termination output communication termination signal of optical communication.This method may further comprise the steps: be always light receiving element a bias voltage is provided; By communication termination signal when output being arranged, make optical communication apparatus keep stand-by state with its power supply that cuts off the optical communication circuit; And when receiving the light call signal at light receiving element with the power supply of the photoelectric current conducting optical communication circuit of its generation, make optical communication apparatus enter communicable state.So, when optical communication apparatus is in stand-by state, between whole probationary period, only there is bias voltage to be added on the light receiving element, do not comprise on the optical communication circuit of light receiving element amplifying circuit and there is power supply to be added in.Obtain the energy-saving effect higher thus than prior art.No matter when, can return communications status at any time as long as need.
In optical communication apparatus of the present invention, be provided with and can always be first circuit that light receiving element provides bias voltage.And as communication termination signal when output, first circuit can be with the power supply of this signal cut optical communication circuit.Further, receive the light call signal and when producing photoelectric current, first circuit is connected the power supply of optical communication circuit with this photoelectric current when light receiving element.So above-mentioned power-economizing method is easy to implement.
In optical communication system, when can not be when the optical fiber energy regenerative, each power supply each end that must be placed in as the optical communication apparatus of terminal unit.Constitute with optical fiber such as, telephone wire so that realize that high-speed data communication becomes under the possible situation, and every family all has under the situation as the optical communication apparatus of terminal unit, just need the as far as possible little optical communication apparatus type of energy consumption.Therefore, method of the present invention and optical communication apparatus can be implemented to utilize well.
In automatic optical communication apparatus, if the power supply that its adopts solar cell and memory cell to combine then not only can obtain energy-conservation effect, and can make the power unit miniaturization.
Receive after the light call signal to can carrying out before the practical communication, the hardware and software in the light-receiving side device needs the regular hour startup.One in a pair of terminal unit as a female terminal unit, and under another situation as sub-terminal unit, if the power supply of female terminal unit always keeps conducting state, startup that should mother's terminal unit when then the group terminal unit is called out female terminal is short or be zero substantially, thereby the energy-saving effect of son end can be improved further.And, by the power supply that makes female terminal unit remain conducting state and when call density is very high so-called the calling shorten above-mentioned start-up time in rush hour, can improve the efficient of communication.In contrast, when call density was low, it can strengthen energy-saving effect by the ON/OFF control of implementing power supply.

Claims (27)

1. save the method that optical communication apparatus consumes energy for one kind, in this optical communication apparatus, comprise a light receiving element that is used to receive the light signal that comprises request beginning Communication ray call signal, with an amplifying circuit that comprises the photoelectric current that is used to amplify described light receiving element generation, and implement the required predetermined process of optical communication and when optical communication stops the optical communication circuit of output communication termination signal, this method may further comprise the steps:
All the time on described light receiving element, add a bias voltage,
If described communication termination signal output is arranged, use this signal cut to supply with the power supply of described optical communication circuit, make described optical communication apparatus remain on stand-by state, and
When described light receiving element received described smooth call signal, the photoelectric current that uses described light receiving element to produce was connected the described power supply of described optical communication circuit, makes described optical communication apparatus be in the communication work state.
2. optical communication apparatus, comprise a light receiving element that is used to receive the light signal that comprises communication beginning light call signal, with an amplifying circuit that comprises the photoelectric current that is used to amplify described light receiving element generation, and implement the required predetermined process of optical communication and the optical communication circuit of output communication termination signal when optical communication stops
Wherein be provided with one first circuit, it adds a bias voltage all the time on described light receiving element; If the output of described communication termination signal or coherent signal is arranged, makes between described optical communication circuit and first power supply to become off-state as its power supply; When described light receiving element received described smooth call signal, the photoelectric current that produces with described light receiving element made described optical communication circuit and described first power supply be in connection status; And before being arranged, the output of described communication termination signal or coherent signal keeps described connection status.
3. optical communication apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said first circuit is suitable to be made of a switching circuit, this switching circuit has first to fourth terminal at least, its the first terminal with link to each other for first power supply of optical communication circuit supply, second terminal links to each other with the offset side of light receiving element, the 3rd terminal links to each other with the power end of optical communication circuit, and the 4th termination is the input that is used for received communication termination signal or associated signal, and this switching circuit always provides one based on the bias voltage of first power source voltage as light receiving element by second terminal, when light receiving element receives the light call signal, make the first terminal and the 3rd terminal become conducting state as the trigger current that flows through second terminal, and before communicate by letter termination signal or associated signal are input in the 4th terminal, keep this conducting state with photoelectric current.
4. optical communication apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said switching circuit is made of such circuit, and this circuit comprises:
In response to described photoelectric current produce switching signal first switching circuit and
One by described switching signal on/off, thereby makes the described first second switch circuit that is connected/disconnects with the 3rd terminal.
5. optical communication apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said first circuit comprises that by one the circuit as the lower part constitutes:
An electric current folding electric circuit, it has an input, an output, with a common port, described input is connected in the offset side of described light receiving element, and described common port be connected in for described light receiving element provide on the bias voltage supply power of bias voltage and
A switching circuit, it has first to fourth terminal, the first terminal is connected with described first power supply as described optical communication circuit power, second terminal links to each other with the output of described electric current folding electric circuit, the 3rd terminal links to each other with the power supply terminal of described optical communication circuit, and the 4th end is an input that is used to receive described communication termination signal or associated signal; When described light receiving element receives described smooth call signal, this switching circuit flows through the trigger current of described electric current folding electric circuit with the photoelectric current conduct, make described the first terminal and described the 3rd terminal become conducting state, and described communication termination signal is being arranged or keeping this conducting state before correspondingly signal is input to described the 4th terminal.
6. optical communication apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein said switching circuit comprises that by one the circuit as the lower part constitutes:
In response to described photoelectric current produce switching signal first switching circuit and
One by described switching signal on/off, thereby makes the described first second switch circuit that is connected/disconnects with the 3rd terminal.
7. optical communication apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein said electric current folding electric circuit is by a non-linear current amplifying circuit with electric current amplifying parameters, constitute with resistance or a constant-current circuit of a restriction maximum output current value, wherein this electric current amplifying parameters is expressed as a minimum value at almost nil input current place, and this parameter increases with input current.
8. optical communication apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein said bias voltage supply power is made of a controllable power supply, its output voltage is controlled by the optical communication circuit, and this power supply is exported a fixing direct voltage when the optical communication circuit power is cut off.
9. optical communication apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said first circuit comprises that by one the circuit as the lower part constitutes:
A controllable power supply, its output voltage is controlled by the optical communication circuit, and this power supply is exported a fixing direct voltage when the optical communication circuit power is cut off;
First switching circuit that has first to fourth terminal at least, described the first terminal is connected with described controllable electric power, described second terminal is connected with the offset side of described light receiving element, described the 3rd terminal is the output of switching signal, and described the 4th terminal is the input that is used to receive described communication termination signal or associated signal; This switching circuit all the time offers described light receiving element with the voltage based on described controllable electric power as bias voltage by described second terminal, and when light receiving element receives described smooth call signal, flow through the trigger current of described second terminal with the photoelectric current conduct, export described switching signal continuously, till having described communication termination signal or associated signal to be input to described the 4th terminal; And
One places as first power supply of described optical communication circuit power and the second switch circuit between its power terminal, and makes between the described optical communication circuit and first power supply in response to described switching signal and to be in connection status.
10. optical communication apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein said first power supply is an AC power, or output comprises the DC power supply that the AC power rectifier is got the direct current of pulsating direct current, and described optical communication circuit comprises a power circuit that contains the required power supply of described optical communication circuit at least.
11. optical communication apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein be provided with a circuit that keeps described switching signal, and keep described first switching circuit of described first switching signal before not exporting in described communication termination signal or with its coherent signal in described second switch circuit side.
12. optical communication apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said first circuit is by comprising that the circuit with the lower part constitutes:
A change-over circuit, it has a first terminal, one second terminal and a common port that is connected with described light receiving element offset side, and controlled by switching signal, so that when having described switching signal to import, be in first state that described second terminal is connected with described common port, and when not having described switching signal to import, be in second state that described the first terminal is connected with described common port;
Its output is connected with described change-over circuit second terminal, and its output voltage is subjected to the controllable electric power of described optical communication circuit control;
One first switching circuit, it has at least first to fourth terminal, described the first terminal is connected with first power supply as described optical communication circuit power, described second terminal is connected with the first terminal of described change-over circuit, described the 3rd terminal is the output of switching signal, and described the 4th terminal is the input that is used to receive described communication termination signal or associated signal; And this switching circuit provides one based on the bias voltage of described first power source voltage as described light receiving element when described change-over circuit is in second state, and when light receiving element receives described smooth call signal, flow through the trigger current of first switching circuit, second terminal with the photoelectric current conduct, continuously from the 3rd terminal output switching signal, until described communication termination signal being arranged or till correspondingly signal is input in described the 4th terminal; And
One places the second switch circuit between described first power supply and the described optical communication circuit power terminal, and it makes the described optical communication circuit and first power supply be in connection status in response to described switching signal.
13. optical communication apparatus as claim 12, wherein be provided with a circuit that keeps described switching signal, and before described communication termination signal or the output of associated signal, do not keep described first switching circuit of described first switching signal in described second switch circuit side.
14. optical communication apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said first circuit is by comprising that the circuit as the lower part constitutes:
A change-over circuit, it has a first terminal, one second terminal and a common port that is connected with described light receiving element offset side, and controlled by switching signal, so that when having described switching signal to import, be in first state that described second terminal is connected with described common port, and when not having described switching signal to import, be in second state that described the first terminal is connected with described common port;
Its output is connected with described change-over circuit second terminal, and its output voltage is subjected to the controllable electric power of described optical communication circuit control;
One first switching circuit, it has first to fourth terminal at least, described the first terminal is connected with second source arbitrarily, described second terminal is connected with the first terminal of described change-over circuit, described the 3rd terminal is the output of switching signal, and described the 4th terminal is the input that is used to receive described communication termination signal or associated signal; And this switching circuit provides one based on the voltage of the described second source bias voltage as described light receiving element when described change-over circuit is in second state, and when light receiving element receives described smooth call signal, flow through the trigger current of first switching circuit, second terminal with the photoelectric current conduct, export described switching signal from the 3rd terminal continuously, till having described communication termination signal or associated signal to be input in described the 4th terminal; And
One places as described first power supply of described optical communication circuit power and the second switch circuit between the described optical communication circuit power terminal, and it makes the described optical communication circuit and first power supply be in connection status in response to described switching signal.
15. optical communication apparatus as claim 14, a voltage drop circuit wherein is set between the first terminal of described second source and described first switching circuit, and this voltage drop circuit offers described first switching circuit to the voltage of described second source when described optical communication circuit is in off-state; And when described optical communication circuit is in conducting state, one is lower than described controllable electric power minimum output voltage and can guarantees that the voltage of the described first switching circuit work offers first switching circuit.
16. as the optical communication apparatus of claim 14, wherein said second source is by AC power, rectification circuit and smoothing circuit constitute.
17. optical communication apparatus as claim 14, wherein said first power supply is an AC power, or output comprises the DC power supply that the AC power rectifier is got the direct current of pulsating direct current, and described optical communication circuit comprises a power circuit that contains the required power supply of described optical communication circuit at least.
18. optical communication apparatus as claim 14, wherein be provided with a circuit that keeps described switching signal, and before described communication termination signal or the output of associated signal, do not keep described first switching circuit of described first switching signal in described second switch circuit side.
19. optical communication apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said first circuit comprise one by photoelectric current conducting and the semiconductor switching device that disconnected by described communication termination signal or associated signal.
20. optical communication apparatus as claimed in claim 2, a second circuit wherein is set, it converts described communication termination signal to be complementary with described first circuit form signal, and conduct of the signal after will changing and the relevant signal of described communication termination signal, outputs to described first circuit.
21. as the optical communication apparatus of claim 20, wherein said second circuit is by described communication termination signal conducting semiconductor derailing switch.
22. as the optical communication apparatus of claim 20, wherein said second circuit is made of monostable multivibrator, this oscillator comprises:
Constant-current source circuit by the conducting of communication termination signal; Capacitor by this constant-current source circuit charging;
A current mirror circuit that receives the constant-current source output valve as its input value;
A Schmidt trigger circuit that carries out work for the voltage between its load and receiving condenser terminal as its input value with the current mirror circuit output valve; And
A semiconductor switching device that includes circuit part, the semiconductor switching device that it comprises leans on the output valve conducting of Schmidt trigger circuit, thereby disconnects constant-current source circuit and make the capacitor discharge.
23. optical communication apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein is provided with a tertiary circuit, under the help that it is externally controlled, forces the power supply terminal of described first power supply and described optical communication circuit to keep connection status, and no matter whether described smooth call signal exists.
24. optical communication apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein is provided with one the 4th circuit, under the help that it is externally controlled, force the power end of described first power supply and described optical communication circuit to be separated from, and no matter whether described communication termination signal exists.
25. a method of using optical communication apparatus, wherein the tertiary circuit of the described optical communication apparatus of claim 23 is keeping operating state in the preset time arbitrarily.
26. one kind comprises two or morely by optical signal transmission mechanism and the optical communication system of interconnective optical communication apparatus, wherein at least one optical communication apparatus is made of the described optical communication apparatus of claim 2.
27. as the optical communication system that claim 26 proposes, wherein said optical communication system comprises that connects a switching system.
CN97125937A 1996-12-26 1997-12-24 Method for power saving in optical communication apparatus, optical communication apparatus and method for using thereof, and optical communication system Pending CN1187722A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN97125937A CN1187722A (en) 1996-12-26 1997-12-24 Method for power saving in optical communication apparatus, optical communication apparatus and method for using thereof, and optical communication system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP346850/96 1996-12-26
CN97125937A CN1187722A (en) 1996-12-26 1997-12-24 Method for power saving in optical communication apparatus, optical communication apparatus and method for using thereof, and optical communication system

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CN1187722A true CN1187722A (en) 1998-07-15

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100412928C (en) * 2003-02-28 2008-08-20 精工爱普生株式会社 Electric current generating circuit, electro optics apparatus and electronic machine
WO2014026601A1 (en) * 2012-08-13 2014-02-20 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 Optical signal processing apparatus and decoding method for optical signal reception control device
CN104409978A (en) * 2014-12-01 2015-03-11 国网上海市电力公司 Circuit microcurrent query energy consumption reduction system of power distribution cabinet

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100412928C (en) * 2003-02-28 2008-08-20 精工爱普生株式会社 Electric current generating circuit, electro optics apparatus and electronic machine
WO2014026601A1 (en) * 2012-08-13 2014-02-20 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 Optical signal processing apparatus and decoding method for optical signal reception control device
US9755747B2 (en) 2012-08-13 2017-09-05 Kuang-Chi Intelligent Photonic Technology Ltd. Optical signal processing apparatus and decoding method for optical signal reception control device
CN104409978A (en) * 2014-12-01 2015-03-11 国网上海市电力公司 Circuit microcurrent query energy consumption reduction system of power distribution cabinet

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