CN1186752C - Experimental method and experimental apparatus for closed loop simulation of adjuster - Google Patents
Experimental method and experimental apparatus for closed loop simulation of adjuster Download PDFInfo
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- CN1186752C CN1186752C CNB031127916A CN03112791A CN1186752C CN 1186752 C CN1186752 C CN 1186752C CN B031127916 A CNB031127916 A CN B031127916A CN 03112791 A CN03112791 A CN 03112791A CN 1186752 C CN1186752 C CN 1186752C
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- regulator
- adjuster
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method and an experimental instrument for an adjuster to simulate closed-loop experiments. In the method for the adjuster to simulate closed-loop experiments, an RC resistance-capacitance circuit is used for simulating a water tank with first-order inertia characteristics, and the bottom of the water tank is provided with a water outlet. The magnitude of voltage applied to the circuit is equivalent to the magnitude of opening of an adjusting valve which controls liquid flowing in the water tank on a liquid pipeline, that is to say, the adjusting valve controls the magnitude of flow-rate of liquid flowing in the tank. The voltage on a capacitor is equivalent to liquid level in the water tank. The adjuster outputs a control signal to control the magnitude of charging voltage of the RC resistance-capacitance circuit after passing through the calculations of comparison and proportion P, integration I and differentiation D according to difference value between voltage on the capacitor and a specified value so as to make the voltage on the capacitor approach to the specified value of the adjuster and make the voltage close to balanced electricity. The present invention has the advantages that the method is simple and is easy to understand and convenient to operate, the instrument has reasonable structure and stable and reliable performance. Users can expertly master the use method of the adjuster, verify the principle of the adjuster, and expertly use the adjuster within short time.
Description
Technical field
What the invention of this reality related to is a kind of regulator analog closed-loop experimental technique that is used for course experiment teachings such as colleges and universities' " control instrument and device ", " chemical instruments and robotization ", " process control ".Belong to electronic instrument technology field.
Background technology
At present, regulator experimental technique in the courses such as " control instrument and device ", " chemical instruments and robotization ", " process control " is that the method for calibration of dispatching from the factory with regulator manufacturer is blue this formulation mostly, the main experimental apparatus that needs in this experiment to use is the checking signal generator, its major function is that the outputting standard signal is given regulator, and the indication degree of accuracy of check regulator under various inputs, output signal and the degree of accuracy of ratio P, integration I, differential D parameter.What use that this checking signal generator comes that the fit adjustment device does that experiment pays attention to is the various open-loop performance indexs of calibration regulator, not from the student how to grasp the using method of regulator, the principle of work of understanding regulator is started with, thereby make the classmate not reach the operating principle of understanding regulator and skillfully use regulator by doing experiment.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to defective, propose a kind of classmate of making and reach the operating principle of understanding regulator, and skillfully use regulator by doing experiment at above-mentioned existence.Technical solution of the present invention: regulator analog closed-loop experimental technique, it is the RC resistance-capacitance circuit of forming by resistance, electric capacity with between the measurement input end of an output terminal that is arranged on regulator and regulator, simulate a bottom with one order inertia characteristic and be provided with the tank of water delivering orifice, regulator adds to the size of the voltage of RC resistance-capacitance circuit, be equivalent to control the size of the aperture of the fluid pipeline adjusted valve that flows into this tank, controlled the size of going into the tank liquid flow exactly; The height of voltage is equivalent to the height of liquid level in the tank on the electric capacity; The size of electric capacity is represented the size of tank capacity; The size of resistance value is represented the size into barrel roadlock power; Regulator is exported the height of the charging voltage of control signal control RC resistance-capacitance circuit after relatively reaching ratio P, integration I, differential D computing according to the difference between voltage on the electric capacity and the set-point, make voltage on the electric capacity near the set-point of regulator, the voltage on the electric capacity is equated with the set-point of regulator.
Regulator analog closed-loop experiment instrument, its structure is the output termination rc filter circuit of differential input circuit and the input end of three half word voltages of 1-5V table, the 4-20mA valve position signal that regulator is sent here is converted to the voltage of 1-5V to rc filter circuit and three half word voltages of 1-5V table, the rc filter circuit time constant is about 100 seconds, another input termination of rc filter circuit is disturbed the output terminal that circuit takes place, the output termination impedance conversion of rc filter circuit and the input end of power amplification circuit, rc filter circuit carries out Filtering Processing with differential input circuit output and after coming the output signal of interfering channel of self-interference generation circuit superimposed, handle the back to impedance conversion and power amplification circuit, carry out being transported on the one hand after impedance conversion and the power amplification that three half word voltages of 1-5V table is used to indicate the size of output signal is the measured value of regulator, be transported to the measuring junction of regulator on the other hand, as the measuring-signal of regulator; Disturb the undesired signal that 0-10% can take place circuit takes place, input to rc filter circuit, give three half word voltages of 0-10V table simultaneously, be used to indicate the size of interference value; The 4-20mA current signal generator is made the outer given electric current of regulator, connects three half word currents of 4-20mA table on the one hand, connects the outer given input end of regulator on the other hand.
Advantage, method is easily understood, easy to operate, apparatus structure is reasonable, stable and reliable for performance, make regulator under the state of closed loop, do experiment (close) with practical application, by changing the set-point of regulator, positive retroaction, ratio P, integration I, the situation that parameters such as differential D are observed the output tracking set-point of analog regulation object, understand the process that regulator overcomes interference, grasp the proportional band of regulator, integral time, derivative time isoparametric setting method, understand the regulating action principle of regulator, thereby make the classmate can within a short period of time the using method of regulator on top of, the principle of checking regulator, thus regulator skillfully used.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention
Accompanying drawing 2 is circuit theory diagrams of the present invention (embodiment),
Among the figure 1 ' is differential input circuit, 2 ' is capacitance-resistance filter (one order inertia) circuit, 3 ' is to disturb circuit takes place, 4 ' is impedance conversion and power amplification circuit, 5 ' is the 4-20mA current signal generator, 6 ' is three half word voltages of 1-5V table (0-100.0%), 7 ' is three half word voltages of 0-10V table (0-10.00%), 8 ' is three half word voltages of 1-5V table (0-100.0%), 9 ' is three half word currents of 0-20mA table (0-19.99mA), 10 ' is power circuit, and the alternating current of 220V is through step-down, rectification, filtering, voltage stabilizing obtains various required supply voltages.
Embodiment
Contrast Fig. 1, differential input circuit 1 ', it is made up of operational amplifier U1 and resistance R 1～R5, capacitor C 1, the 4-20mA valve position signal that regulator is sent here is converted to the voltage of 1-5V, send three half word voltage tables 6 simultaneously ' indicate; Capacitance-resistance filter (one order inertia) circuit 2 ' is made up of resistance R 6, capacitor C 2, and time constant is about 100 seconds, differential input circuit 1 ' is exported and come the output signal of self-interference generation circuit 3 ' superimposed after carry out Filtering Processing; Disturb generation circuit 3 ' to form, the undesired signal of 0-10% can take place, be used to observe the interference performance that overcomes of regulator, send three half word voltage tables 7 simultaneously by operational amplifier U4 and resistance R 17～R20, potentiometer W1, capacitor C 6, C7 ' indication; Impedance conversion and power amplification circuit 4 ' mainly are made up of operational amplifier U2 and transistor Q1, resistance R 9, the signal of capacitance-resistance filter (one order inertia) circuit 2 ' output is carried out exporting after impedance conversion and the power amplification (" measurement " end of delivering to regulator), send three half word voltage tables 8 simultaneously ' indication; 4-20mA current signal generator 5 ' is made the outer given electric current of regulator, send the outer given input end of regulator, send three half word current tables 9 simultaneously ' indication; Three half word voltages of 1-5V table (0-100.0%) 6 ' is used to indicate the size (valve position of regulator) of input signal; Three half word voltages of 0-10V table (0-10.00%) 7 ' is used to indicate the size of interference value; Three half word voltages of 1-5V table (0-100.0%) 8 ' is used to indicate the size (measured value of regulator) of output signal; Three half word currents of 0-20mA table (0-19.99mA) 9 ' is used to indicate the size of outer given electric current; Power circuit 10, the alternating current of 220V provide various supply voltages required in the circuit through step-down, rectification, filtering, voltage stabilizing.
Contrast accompanying drawing 2, the 4-20mA valve position signal of regulator output is converted to the voltage of 1-5V on R1 (250 Ω), 1: 1 differential amplifier forming via operational amplifier U1 (LM741) and resistance R 2～R5 (respectively being 200K Ω) carries out differential amplification, sends into by resistance R 6 (1M Ω) and capacitor C 2 (the 100 μ f) time constant of forming to be about 100 seconds resistance-capacitance circuit (promptly simulating tank); Form interference by potentiometer W1 (4.7K Ω), resistance R 17 (1K Ω), capacitor C 6 (47 μ f), C7 (0.22 μ f), operational amplifier U4 (LM741), resistance R 19, R20 (47K Ω) among the figure circuit takes place, the undesired signal of 0-10% can take place, be used to observe the interference performance that overcomes of regulator, be added on the capacitor C 2 after the voltage stack of voltage that it produced and operational amplifier U11 output.
Because of the voltage internal resistance on the capacitor C 2 bigger, operational amplifier U2 (TL081) constitutes impedance conversion and power amplification circuit with resistance R 7 (2K Ω), diode D1 (1N4007), triode Q1 (9013), resistance R 9 (510 Ω), and the voltage on the capacitor C 2 is carried out exporting (" measurement " end of delivering to regulator) with the voltage of 1-5V after impedance conversion and the power amplification.
By potentiometer W2 (4.7K Ω), resistance R 10 (4.7K Ω), R11～R14 (200K Ω), R15 (2K Ω), R16 (100 Ω), capacitor C 4 (0.22 μ f), C5 (0.1 μ f), operational amplifier U3 (TL081) and transistor Q2 (9012) form the 4-20mA constant-current source circuit, adjust the size of its value by potentiometer W2, use for the outer given input of regulator.
X1～X4 among Fig. 2 (XC5135) is three half word voltages (electric current) tables, is respectively applied for the size of indication input, output, undesired signal and outer given electric current.
Transformer B1 is with 220 AC supply voltage step-downs, obtain 9V, 15V * 2 and 27V alternating voltage respectively, diode D2～D5 (1N4007), capacitor C 8 (4700 μ f), C9～C10 (0.1 μ f), three terminal integrated voltage stabilizer U7 (LM7805CT) composition+5V power circuit use for three half word voltage watch circuits; Diode D6～D9 (1N4007), capacitor C 11, C13 (1000 μ f), C12, C14～C16 (0.1 μ f), three terminal integrated voltage stabilizer U5 (LM7812CT), U6 (LM7912CT) composition ± 12V power circuit use for main circuit; Diode D10～D13 (1N4007), capacitor C 17 (4700 μ f), C18, C19 (0.1 μ f), three terminal integrated voltage stabilizer U8 (MC7824T) form the 24V power circuit, use for regulator.
Capacitor C 2 capacitors adopt the tantalum electrochemical capacitor.
With an above-mentioned tank of RC resistance-capacitance circuit simulation with one order inertia characteristic, the voltage 1-5V of this circuit that adds to, be equivalent to control the aperture 0-100% of the fluid pipeline adjusted valve that flows into this tank, just controlled the 0-100% that goes into the tank liquid flow; Voltage 1-5V is equivalent to the 0-100% of liquid level in the tank on the electric capacity; The size of circuit time constant is represented the size of tank capacity; As time goes on, voltage exponentially rule on the electric capacity rises, through 300-500 second approximately reaching the making alive with institute.
Claims (1)
1, regulator analog closed-loop experimental technique, it is characterized in that the RC resistance-capacitance circuit formed by resistance (R6), electric capacity (C2) with between the measurement input end of an output terminal that is arranged on regulator and regulator, simulate a bottom with one order inertia characteristic and be provided with the tank of water delivering orifice, regulator adds to the size of the voltage of RC resistance-capacitance circuit, be equivalent to control the size of the aperture of the fluid pipeline adjusted valve that flows into this tank, just controlled the size of going into the tank liquid flow; The height of the last voltage of electric capacity (C2) is equivalent to the height of liquid level in the tank; The size of electric capacity is represented the size of tank capacity; The size of resistance (R6) value is represented the size into barrel roadlock power; The difference that regulator is gone up between voltage and the set-point according to electric capacity (C2) is exported the height that control signal is controlled the charging voltage of RC resistance-capacitance circuit after relatively reaching ratio (P), integration (I), differential (D) computing, make voltage on the electric capacity (C2) near the set-point of regulator, the voltage on the electric capacity (C2) is equated with the set-point of regulator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031127916A CN1186752C (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2003-01-29 | Experimental method and experimental apparatus for closed loop simulation of adjuster |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031127916A CN1186752C (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2003-01-29 | Experimental method and experimental apparatus for closed loop simulation of adjuster |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410041854 Division CN1257484C (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2003-01-29 | Reguletor analogue closed ring experiment instrument |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1431636A CN1431636A (en) | 2003-07-23 |
| CN1186752C true CN1186752C (en) | 2005-01-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB031127916A Expired - Fee Related CN1186752C (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2003-01-29 | Experimental method and experimental apparatus for closed loop simulation of adjuster |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11845513B2 (en) | 2017-09-22 | 2023-12-19 | Shimano Inc. | Bicycle rear sprocket assembly |
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2003
- 2003-01-29 CN CNB031127916A patent/CN1186752C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11845513B2 (en) | 2017-09-22 | 2023-12-19 | Shimano Inc. | Bicycle rear sprocket assembly |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1431636A (en) | 2003-07-23 |
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