CN1186124C - Composite base catalyst and its preparing method - Google Patents

Composite base catalyst and its preparing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1186124C
CN1186124C CNB031485669A CN03148566A CN1186124C CN 1186124 C CN1186124 C CN 1186124C CN B031485669 A CNB031485669 A CN B031485669A CN 03148566 A CN03148566 A CN 03148566A CN 1186124 C CN1186124 C CN 1186124C
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Prior art keywords
hydroxide
base catalyst
alkali metal
compound base
tetraalkylammonium
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CNB031485669A
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CN1470330A (en
Inventor
冯晓根
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Sennics Co ltd
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郭长玉
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Priority to CNB031485669A priority Critical patent/CN1186124C/en
Publication of CN1470330A publication Critical patent/CN1470330A/en
Priority to US10/883,042 priority patent/US7084302B2/en
Priority to ES04738332T priority patent/ES2373720T3/en
Priority to US10/882,677 priority patent/US7176333B2/en
Priority to EA200501647A priority patent/EA009395B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2004/000733 priority patent/WO2005003078A1/en
Priority to DE602004010234T priority patent/DE602004010234T2/en
Priority to JP2006500463A priority patent/JP4500302B2/en
Priority to KR1020040051541A priority patent/KR100612922B1/en
Priority to CA2515238A priority patent/CA2515238C/en
Priority to PT04738332T priority patent/PT1645555E/en
Priority to AT04738332T priority patent/ATE526305T1/en
Priority to EA200600052A priority patent/EA009396B1/en
Priority to MXPA05013788A priority patent/MXPA05013788A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2004/000734 priority patent/WO2005003079A1/en
Priority to PL04738332T priority patent/PL1645555T3/en
Priority to BRPI0412101-5A priority patent/BRPI0412101A/en
Priority to JP2006517937A priority patent/JP4546958B2/en
Priority to EP04738332A priority patent/EP1645555B1/en
Priority to EP04738331A priority patent/EP1591438B1/en
Priority to ES04738331T priority patent/ES2298762T3/en
Priority to CA2531074A priority patent/CA2531074C/en
Priority to KR1020040051932A priority patent/KR100612923B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1186124C publication Critical patent/CN1186124C/en
Priority to US11/477,954 priority patent/US7235694B2/en
Priority to US11/757,277 priority patent/US20080039657A1/en
Priority to US11/759,897 priority patent/US8293673B2/en
Priority to US11/759,901 priority patent/US20070227675A1/en
Priority to US12/195,371 priority patent/US7989662B2/en
Priority to US12/900,459 priority patent/US8486223B2/en
Priority to US13/104,900 priority patent/US8686188B2/en
Priority to US13/620,588 priority patent/US9029603B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The present invention discloses a composite alkali catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The catalyst is a water solution composed of tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxid, alkali metal hydroxide or oxide and tetra-alkyl ammonium salts. The preparation method of the composite alkali catalyst comprises: the tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxid, the alkali metal hydroxide or oxide and tetra-alkyl ammonium salts are proportionally added to water; a temperature of the water is controlled; the composite alkali catalyst is obtained by homogeneously stirring the water, the tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxid, the alkali metal hydroxide or oxide and tetra-alkyl ammonium salts. Cheap alkali metal hydroxide or oxide and tetra-alkyl ammonium salts are adopted by the present invention, so the production cost is substantially reduced. Meanwhile, byproducts of nitrobenzene adjacent substitution of aniline are reduced in the reaction of hydrogen substitution by nucleophilic aromaticring, and consequently, the purity of the product can be improved. The composite alkali catalyst is used for the condensation reaction of nitrobenzene and aniline. A conversion rate of nitrobenzene is larger than 99%, and the selectivity is larger than 97%.

Description

A kind of compound base catalyst and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compound base catalyst and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind ofly carry out the synthetic 4 nitrodiphenyl amine of condensation reaction and 4-nitrosodiphenylamine or/and compound base catalyst of their salt and preparation method thereof with nitrobenzene and aniline.
Background technology
In the technical process of preparation 4-aminodiphenylamine, contract and react synthetic 4 nitrodiphenyl amine and 4-nitrosodiphenylamine or/and in the technology of their salt, selection of catalysts is a key by aniline and nitrobenzene.
Be used for aniline and nitrobenzene at present and contract and catalyst for reaction, mainly contain two kinds: one, use inorganic base (as NaOH, KOH etc.) or inorganic salts (as K 2CO 3) make catalyst, but adopt the reaction temperature height of this catalyst, conversion ratio is low, and selectivity is low poor, the post processing difficulty, and the more alkali waste water that contains is arranged, catalyst can not reclaim, and is difficult to handle.Two, utilize tetraalkylammonium hydroxide to make catalyst (referring to CN1307556A), though this method can overcome the problems referred to above, but catalyst costs an arm and a leg, aniline carries out substitution reaction at the ortho position of nitrobenzene easily, generation as the 2-nitrodiphenylamine of accessory substance or/and 2-nitrosodiphenylamine and replace azophenlyene, thereby reduced degree of purity of production.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are that development is a kind of cheap, and the compound base catalyst that catalytic activity is high improves the conversion ratio that aniline and nitrobenzene contract and reacts, and increases selectivity.
Compound base catalyst of the present invention is made up of tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, alkali metal hydroxide or oxide and tetraalkylammonium salt.
The structural formula of tetraalkylammonium hydroxide is:
In the formula, each R represents to contain the alkyl of 1-4 carbon atom independently.Wherein preferred tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide, tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, tetrabutylammonium, most preferably tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide.
Alkali metal hydroxide or oxide comprise NaOH or sodium oxide molybdena, potassium hydroxide or potassium oxide.
The structural formula of tetraalkylammonium salt is:
Figure C0314856600052
In the formula, each R represents to contain the alkyl of 1-4 carbon atom, X independently N-Be Cl -, Br -, I -, HCO 3 -, CO 3 2-, HSO 4 -, SO 4 2-, n=1-2 preferably adopts tetramethyl ammonium sulfate, tetramethyl ammonium carbonate.
Tetraalkylammonium hydroxide in the compound base catalyst that the present invention adopts: alkali metal hydroxide: tetraalkylammonium salt=(2-9): (0.5-3): (0.5-3) (mole), if adopt alkali metal oxide, then its ratio in catalyst can convert by corresponding hydroxide and get.
The preparation method of the compound base catalyst that the present invention adopts, with tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, alkali metal hydroxide, tetraalkylammonium salt is (2-9) in molar ratio: (0.5-3): (0.5-3), be added in certain water gaging the control temperature, stir, promptly make this compound base catalyst.If adopt alkali metal oxide, then its ratio in catalyst can convert by corresponding hydroxide and get.
In the compound base catalyst that the present invention adopts, tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, alkali metal hydroxide, tetraalkylammonium salt three concentration sum are 15-50 (weight %), preferred 25-38 (weight %), and determine the consumption of water with this.Adopt alkali metal oxide, should be converted into corresponding hydroxide and calculate.
The preparation of the compound base catalyst that the present invention adopts because catalyst is a thermal sensitivity, is decomposed with regard to producing above 90 ℃, and therefore the temperature of controlling is no more than 90 ℃.
The compound base catalyst that the present invention adopts can recycle and reuse.Help the stream falling film evaporator to concentrate by an effect or multiple-effect gas.Compound base catalyst after the recovery directly or after adding a spot of fresh compound base catalyst recycles, and income effect does not have significant difference with the effect of using fresh compound base catalyst.
Be that synthetic 4 nitrodiphenyl amine of raw material and 4-nitrosodiphenylamine are or/and in the reaction of their salt with aniline and nitrobenzene, adopt this compound base catalyst, control certain reaction condition, reaction finishes, by the liquid-phase chromatographic analysis products therefrom, the nitrobenzene conversion ratio is greater than 99%, and selectivity is greater than 97%.
The present invention has adopted cheap alkali metal hydroxide or its oxide and tetraalkylammonium salt, make compound base catalyst with tetraalkylammonium hydroxide is compound, make production cost significantly reduce, replace the accessory substance that aniline replaces at the nitrobenzene ortho position in the H-H reaction at the nucleophilic aromatic ring simultaneously and reduce, improved the purity of product.
The specific embodiment
Below utilize specific embodiment to describe the present invention in detail.
Embodiment 1
In being furnished with 500 milliliters of three-neck flasks of condenser and agitator, add entry 230 grams, (containing the pure cerium hydroxide tetramethyl-ammonium is 50% not to be sequentially added into tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide 91 grams, 0.50 mole, all the other are water), NaOH 20 gram (0.5 mole), tetramethyl ammonium carbonate 52 grams (0.25 mole), 75 ± 2 ℃ of control mixing temperatures stir, make composite catalyst, concentration 29.9 (weight %).
Embodiment 2
In being furnished with 500 milliliters of three-neck flasks of condenser and agitator, add entry 230 grams, be not sequentially added into tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide 91 grams and (contain pure cerium hydroxide tetramethyl-ammonium 50%, 0.50 mole, all the other are water), NaOH 20 gram (0.5 mole), tetramethyl ammonium chloride 55 grams (0.5 mole), 75 ± 2 ℃ of control mixing temperatures stir, make composite catalyst, concentration 30.4 (weight %).
Embodiment 3
In being furnished with 500 milliliters of three-neck flasks of condenser and agitator, add entry 230 grams, be not sequentially added into tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide 91 grams and (contain pure cerium hydroxide tetramethyl-ammonium 50%, 0.50 mole, all the other are water), sodium oxide molybdena 15.5 gram (0.25 mole), tetramethyl ammonium chloride 55 grams (0.5 mole), 75 ± 2 ℃ of control mixing temperatures stir, make composite catalyst, concentration 30.4 (weight %).
Embodiment 4
In being furnished with 500 milliliters of three-neck flasks of condenser and agitator, add entry 290 grams, be not sequentially added into tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide 147 grams and (contain pure cerium hydroxide tetraethyl ammonium 50%, 0.50 mole, all the other are water), NaOH 20 gram (0.5 mole), tetraethyl ammonium carbonate 80 grams (0.25 mole), 75 ± 2 ℃ of control mixing temperatures stir, make composite catalyst, concentration 32.3 (weight %).
Embodiment 5
In being furnished with 500 milliliters of three-neck flasks of condenser and agitator, add entry 230g, be not sequentially added into tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide 91 grams and (contain pure cerium hydroxide tetramethyl-ammonium 50%, 0.50 mole, all the other are water), sodium oxide molybdena 15.5 gram (0.25 mole), tetramethyl ammonium carbonate 52 grams (0.25 mole), control mixing temperature 75 ± 2 (℃), stir, make composite catalyst, concentration 30.2 (weight %).
Application Example
Use the compound base catalyst of embodiment 1-5 preparation, synthetic 4 nitrodiphenyl amine of the condensation reaction of catalysis aniline and nitrobenzene and 4-nitrosodiphenylamine are or/and their salt.
In being furnished with 500 milliliters of three-neck flasks of condenser, agitator and vacuum plant, drop into above-mentioned compound base catalyst successively, aniline 615 grams (6.61 moles), drip nitrobenzene 123 down in 70 ℃-75 ℃ and restrain (1 mole), the limit adds nitrobenzene sideband vacuum, and control nitrobenzene dripped time 1-1.5 hour, stirred 4 hours down in 70 ℃-75 ℃ then, by the liquid-phase chromatographic analysis products therefrom, the nitrobenzene conversion ratio reaches 99.5%, selectivity 98%.

Claims (12)

1, a kind of compound base catalyst is characterized in that the aqueous solution that this catalyst is made up of tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, alkali metal hydroxide or its oxide and tetraalkylammonium salt.
2, compound base catalyst according to claim 1 is characterized in that the structural formula of described tetraalkylammonium hydroxide is:
Figure C031485660002C1
In the formula, each R represents to contain the alkyl of 1-4 carbon atom independently.
3, compound base catalyst according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described tetraalkylammonium hydroxide is tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide or tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide or tetrapropylammonium hydroxide or tetrabutylammonium.
4, compound base catalyst according to claim 1 is characterized in that described alkali metal hydroxide or oxide comprise NaOH or sodium oxide molybdena, potassium hydroxide or potassium oxide.
5, compound base catalyst according to claim 1 is characterized in that the structural formula of described tetraalkylammonium salt is:
Figure C031485660002C2
In the formula, each R represents to contain the alkyl of 1-4 carbon atom, X independently N-Be Cl -, Br -, I -, HCO 3 -, CO 3 2-, HSO 4 -, SO 4 2-, n=1-2.
6, compound according to claim 1 or 5 base catalyst is characterized in that described tetraalkylammonium salt is tetramethyl ammonium sulfate or tetramethyl ammonium carbonate.
7, compound base catalyst according to claim 1, it is characterized in that tetraalkylammonium hydroxide: alkali metal hydroxide: tetraalkylammonium salt=(2-9): (0.5-3): (0.5-3) (mole), the ratio of alkali metal oxide in its catalyst can convert by corresponding hydroxide and get.
8, according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 7 described compound base catalysts, it is characterized in that according to the above ratio tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, alkali metal hydroxide, tetraalkylammonium salt, be added in certain water gaging, the control temperature, stir, promptly get this compound base catalyst, if adopt alkali metal oxide, then its consumption in catalyst can convert by corresponding hydroxide and get.
9, the preparation method of compound base catalyst according to claim 8, it is characterized in that in the compound base catalyst, tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, alkali metal hydroxide, tetraalkylammonium salt three concentration expressed in percentage by weight summation are 15%-50%, if adopt alkali metal oxide, then its consumption can convert by corresponding hydroxide and get.
10, the preparation method of compound base catalyst according to claim 8, it is characterized in that in the compound base catalyst, tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, alkali metal hydroxide or oxide, tetraalkylammonium salt three concentration expressed in percentage by weight summation are 25%-38%, if adopt alkali metal oxide, then its consumption can convert by corresponding hydroxide and get.
11, the preparation method of compound base catalyst according to claim 8 is characterized in that controlling reaction temperature and is no more than 90 ℃.
12, compound base catalyst according to claim 1 is characterized in that compound base catalyst can reclaim recycled.
CNB031485669A 2003-07-04 2003-07-04 Composite base catalyst and its preparing method Expired - Lifetime CN1186124C (en)

Priority Applications (31)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB031485669A CN1186124C (en) 2003-07-04 2003-07-04 Composite base catalyst and its preparing method
BRPI0412101-5A BRPI0412101A (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 process for the preparation of 4-aminodiphenylamine
EP04738332A EP1645555B1 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 A method for producing 4-aminodiphenylamine
US10/882,677 US7176333B2 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 Process for preparing 4-aminodiphenylamine
EA200501647A EA009395B1 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 A process for preparing 4-aminodiphenylamine
JP2006517937A JP4546958B2 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 Method for producing 4-aminodiphenylamine
DE602004010234T DE602004010234T2 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF 4-AMINODIPHENYLAMINE
JP2006500463A JP4500302B2 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 Method for producing 4-aminodiphenylamine
ES04738332T ES2373720T3 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF 4-AMINODYPHENYLAMINE.
CA2515238A CA2515238C (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 Process for preparing 4-aminodiphenylamine
EP04738331A EP1591438B1 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 A process for preparing 4-aminodiphenylamine
AT04738332T ATE526305T1 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 METHOD FOR PRODUCING 4-AMINODIPHENYLAMINE
EA200600052A EA009396B1 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 A method for producing 4-aminodiphenylamine
MXPA05013788A MXPA05013788A (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 A process for preparing 4-aminodiphenylamine.
PCT/CN2004/000734 WO2005003079A1 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 A method for producing 4-aminodiphenylamine
PL04738332T PL1645555T3 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 A method for producing 4-aminodiphenylamine
US10/883,042 US7084302B2 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 Process for preparing 4-aminodiphenylamine
PCT/CN2004/000733 WO2005003078A1 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 A process for preparing 4-aminodiphenylamine
KR1020040051541A KR100612922B1 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 A process for producing 4-aminodiphenylamine
PT04738332T PT1645555E (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 A method for producing 4-aminodiphenylamine
ES04738331T ES2298762T3 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 PROCESS TO PREPARE 4-AMINODYPHENYLAMINE.
CA2531074A CA2531074C (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-02 Process for preparing 4-aminodiphenylamine
KR1020040051932A KR100612923B1 (en) 2003-07-04 2004-07-05 A process for preparing 4-aminodiphenylamine
US11/477,954 US7235694B2 (en) 2003-07-04 2006-06-30 Process for preparing 4-aminodiphenylamine
US11/757,277 US20080039657A1 (en) 2003-07-04 2007-06-01 Process for preparing 4-aminodiphenylamine
US11/759,897 US8293673B2 (en) 2003-07-04 2007-06-07 Process for preparing 4-aminodiphenylamine
US11/759,901 US20070227675A1 (en) 2003-07-04 2007-06-07 Process for preparing 4-aminodiphenylamine
US12/195,371 US7989662B2 (en) 2003-07-04 2008-08-20 Process for preparing 4-aminodiphenylamine
US12/900,459 US8486223B2 (en) 2003-07-04 2010-10-07 Falling film evaporator
US13/104,900 US8686188B2 (en) 2003-07-04 2011-05-10 Process for preparing 4-aminodiphenylamine
US13/620,588 US9029603B2 (en) 2003-07-04 2012-09-14 Process for preparing alkylated p-phenylenediamines

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB031485669A CN1186124C (en) 2003-07-04 2003-07-04 Composite base catalyst and its preparing method

Publications (2)

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CN1470330A CN1470330A (en) 2004-01-28
CN1186124C true CN1186124C (en) 2005-01-26

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100336796C (en) * 2004-07-15 2007-09-12 王农跃 Process for preparing 4-amino diphenylamine
CN100453525C (en) * 2004-07-15 2009-01-21 江苏圣奥化学科技有限公司 Process for preparing 4-amino diphenylamine
CN108558675A (en) * 2018-04-25 2018-09-21 南通理工学院 A kind of synthetic method of 4-ADPA

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