CN118311755A - Optical device, binocular parallax detection method, device, and storage medium - Google Patents
Optical device, binocular parallax detection method, device, and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses optical equipment, a binocular parallax detection method, binocular parallax detection equipment and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of optical imaging. The optical device includes: a spherical reflecting mirror with a concave surface facing a preset observation area and a display screen positioned between the preset observation area and the spherical reflecting mirror; the center of the preset observation area coincides with the curvature center of the spherical reflector, and the distance between the display screen and the vertex of the spherical reflector is smaller than the focal length of the spherical reflector; when the optical equipment is in a wearing state, the center of the preset observation area coincides with the dual-purpose center of the user. The invention can control the binocular parallax of the optical equipment within the acceptable range of human eyes, and simultaneously greatly reduce the hardware realization cost of the optical equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of optical imaging technologies, and in particular, to an optical device, a binocular parallax detection method, a binocular parallax detection device, and a storage medium.
Background
An optical system refers to a system formed by combining a plurality of optical elements such as lenses, reflectors, prisms, diaphragms and the like in a certain order, and is generally used for imaging or optical information processing. An ideal optical system is an imaging system that produces a sharp, substantially similar image.
The optical system may be divided into a monocular optical system and a binocular optical system according to the number of design eyepoints, and the binocular optical system may be divided into a binocular single optical path system and a binocular double optical path system according to the number of optical path optical axes. Each eye in the binocular double-light path system corresponds to one set of independent light path, so that the requirement on the parallelism of the optical axes in the two sets of light paths is high. If the parallelism cannot be well met, the aberration difference (namely binocular parallax) of binocular vision is too large, and the brain cannot accurately fuse the binocular images, so that visual fatigue and brain fatigue are induced, and dizziness can even occur when the vision is severe. The binocular single-light-path system has only one set of light path, and two eyes observe optical imaging through one set of light path at the same time, so that the requirement on the parallelism of two optical axes in the binocular single-light-path system can be theoretically avoided. Moreover, since the binocular single optical path system needs to satisfy a sufficiently large exit pupil diameter, the optical aperture angle in the optical system is large, and theoretically, higher brightness is also easier to achieve. Therefore, the mainstream binocular optical system adopts a single optical path design.
In order to minimize binocular parallax of a binocular single optical path system, so that imaging is clearer and eyes are not injured, complex aspheric surfaces (including free curved surfaces) are generally adopted in the related art to construct optical equipment. However, in order to meet the design requirement of reducing binocular parallax, the precision requirement of the complex aspheric surface is particularly high by using the optical device with the complex aspheric surface, and the difficulty is too high when the complex aspheric surface meeting the precision requirement is manufactured by using the existing complex aspheric surface manufacturing process, so that the hardware implementation cost of the optical device realized by using the complex aspheric surface is too high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an optical device, a binocular parallax detection method, a binocular parallax detection device and a storage medium, and aims to greatly reduce the hardware implementation cost of the optical device on the basis of controlling binocular parallax within a range acceptable to human eyes.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an optical apparatus comprising:
A spherical reflecting mirror with a concave surface facing a preset observation area and a display screen positioned between the preset observation area and the spherical reflecting mirror;
the center of the preset observation area coincides with the curvature center of the spherical reflector, and the distance between the display screen and the vertex of the spherical reflector is smaller than the focal length of the spherical reflector;
When the optical equipment is in a wearing state, the center of the preset observation area coincides with the dual-purpose center of a user;
When the optical equipment is in an operating state, the display screen generates image display light, the image display light is injected into the spherical reflecting mirror, the spherical reflecting mirror receives and reflects the image display light, and the image display light passes through the display screen after being reflected by the spherical reflecting mirror and is injected into the preset observation area.
Optionally, the optical device further includes a transparent protection layer disposed on the surface of the display screen, where the transparent protection layer is used to protect the display screen.
Optionally, the display screen includes a transparent substrate facing the preset observation area, and a transparent display layer facing the spherical reflector; when the optical equipment is in an operating state, the transparent display layer generates image display light, the image display light is injected into the spherical reflector, and the image display light sequentially passes through the transparent display layer and the transparent substrate after being reflected by the spherical reflector and is injected into the preset observation area.
Optionally, the display screen comprises a liquid crystal screen and a plane spectroscope, and an included angle between the liquid crystal screen and the plane spectroscope is an acute angle;
When the optical equipment is in an operating state, the liquid crystal screen generates image display light, the image display light is emitted into the plane spectroscope, the plane spectroscope reflects the image display light to the spherical reflector, and the image display light passes through the plane spectroscope after being reflected by the spherical reflector and is emitted to the preset observation area.
Optionally, the included angle between the liquid crystal screen and the planar spectroscope ranges from 30 degrees to 45 degrees.
Further, to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a binocular disparity detection method for detecting a horizontal binocular disparity lower limit of an optical apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the optical apparatus including a spherical mirror and a display screen, the method comprising the steps of:
Acquiring the curvature radius of the spherical reflecting mirror, and determining the focal length of the spherical reflecting mirror according to the curvature radius;
Acquiring the distance between the display screen and the vertex of the spherical reflecting mirror, and taking the distance between the display screen and the spherical reflecting mirror as the object distance of the optical equipment;
Calculating an image distance of the optical device according to the focal length and the object distance;
Calculating a virtual image distance of the optical device according to the image distance and the curvature radius, wherein the virtual image distance is the sum of the image distance and the curvature radius;
Calculating the lower limit of the horizontal binocular parallax of the optical equipment according to the virtual image distance and the preset pupil distance and by combining a preset lower limit formula of the horizontal binocular parallax;
Wherein, the lower limit formula of the horizontal binocular parallax is:
；
wherein, For the lower limit of horizontal binocular parallax, IPD is the pupil distance and VID is the virtual image distance.
Optionally, after the step of calculating the lower limit of the horizontal binocular disparity of the optical apparatus, the method further includes:
Acquiring a preset target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit;
and if the target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit is larger than the horizontal binocular parallax lower limit, adjusting the object distance until the target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit is smaller than or equal to the horizontal binocular parallax lower limit.
Optionally, after the step of calculating the lower limit of the horizontal binocular disparity of the optical apparatus, the method further includes:
Acquiring a preset target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit;
and if the target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit is larger than the horizontal binocular parallax lower limit, adjusting the object distance until the target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit is smaller than or equal to the horizontal binocular parallax lower limit.
In addition, to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a binocular disparity detection apparatus comprising: the binocular parallax detection apparatus includes a memory, a processor, and a binocular parallax detection program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the binocular parallax detection program configured to implement the steps of the binocular parallax detection method as described above.
In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a storage medium having stored thereon a binocular disparity detection program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the binocular disparity detection method as described above.
When the binocular center is coincident with the curvature center of the spherical reflector, the vertical binocular parallax of the optical system is almost zero, the horizontal binocular parallax depends on the principle of pupil distance and virtual image distance, the spherical reflector with a concave surface facing the preset observation area and the display screen positioned between the preset observation area and the spherical reflector are used for constructing optical equipment, and when the optical equipment is in a wearing state, the center of the preset observation area coincides with the center of the binocular of a user, so that the vertical binocular parallax of the optical equipment is controlled to be almost zero, and the horizontal binocular parallax of the optical equipment is controlled to be within a range acceptable by human eyes through the fact that the distance between the display screen and the vertex of the spherical reflector is smaller than the focal length of the spherical reflector. The invention also utilizes the advantages of simple structure, low processing and manufacturing difficulty and low production cost of the spherical reflecting mirror, and greatly reduces the hardware realization cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical device according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an observation without binocular parallax;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the observation of horizontal convergence parallax;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the observation of horizontal divergent parallax;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the observation of vertical binocular parallax;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of human eye parallax;
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of measurement of horizontal binocular parallax;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of measurement of vertical binocular parallax;
FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of optical imaging with centers of curvature coincident with centers of binocular in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a transparent passivation layer according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a display screen according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a display screen according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a binocular disparity detection apparatus of a hardware running environment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a flow chart of binocular disparity detection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
the achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
An optical system refers to a system formed by combining a plurality of optical elements such as lenses, reflectors, prisms, diaphragms and the like in a certain order, and is generally used for imaging or optical information processing. An ideal optical system is an imaging system that produces a sharp, substantially similar image.
The visual optical system can be generally classified into a monocular optical system and a binocular optical system according to the number of design eyepoints, and the binocular optical system can be classified into a binocular double-optical-path optical system and a binocular single-optical-path optical system according to the number of optical-path optical axes. Wherein, each eye in the binocular double-light path optical system corresponds to a set of independent light paths, and two eyes in the binocular single-light path optical system share a set of light paths.
Those skilled in the art can know that when the binocular optical system is used to view optical imaging, if the difference of images viewed by the binocular is too large (i.e. binocular parallax is too large), the brain is easy to generate visual fatigue when fusing images viewed by the binocular, and even dizziness occurs when serious. When designing and manufacturing a binocular optical system, in order to avoid excessive binocular parallax, the binocular dual-optical-path optical system needs to ensure that the parallelism of optical axes in two sets of independent optical paths meets the requirement, but only one set of optical paths in the binocular single-optical-path optical system does not have the parallelism requirement of two optical axes, and the binocular single-optical-path optical system generally needs to meet the requirement of a sufficiently large exit pupil diameter, and accordingly, the optical aperture of the binocular single-optical-path optical system is larger, and optical imaging with higher brightness is easier to realize. Therefore, a binocular single optical system is becoming a mainstream of the binocular optical system.
In the design of the binocular single optical path optical system, in order to reduce binocular parallax of the binocular single optical path optical system as much as possible, a better optical imaging experience is brought to a user, and the optical system is generally optimized by adopting a complex aspheric surface or even a free curved surface. However, the more complex the aspheric surface is, the greater the difficulty of processing and manufacturing the same, and the higher the cost, and in the prior art, the detection technology of the aspheric surface is not enough to detect whether the produced aspheric surface meets the requirement of reducing binocular parallax (by detecting whether the curvature of each point on the aspheric surface meets the design judgment) accurately, and the technician needs to assemble the aspheric surface into a complete optical system and then perform actual test to determine the aspheric surface. Therefore, in the prior art, the hardware implementation cost of the binocular single-optical-path optical system manufactured by complex aspheric surfaces and even free-form surface designs is quite high, and the aspheric surfaces are manufactured by the existing aspheric surface processing and manufacturing process, so that the processing difficulty is high, errors are extremely easy to occur, and the quality of the finally formed binocular single-optical-path optical system is unqualified.
Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical device 100, please refer to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical device of the present application, and the optical device 100 includes:
a spherical reflecting mirror 3 with a concave surface facing a preset observation area 4, and a display screen 1 positioned between the preset observation area 4 and the spherical reflecting mirror 3;
The center of the preset observation area 4 coincides with the curvature center of the spherical reflector 3, and the distance between the display screen 1 and the vertex of the spherical reflector 3 is smaller than the focal length of the spherical reflector 3;
when the optical device 100 is in a wearing state, the center of the preset observation area 4 coincides with the dual-purpose center of the user;
When the optical device 100 is in an operation state, the display screen 1 generates image display light 2, and the image display light 2 is injected into the spherical reflecting mirror 3, the spherical reflecting mirror 3 receives and reflects the image display light 2, and the image display light 2 passes through the display screen 1 after being reflected by the spherical reflecting mirror 3 and is injected into the preset observation area 4.
In this embodiment, the preset observation area refers to an area where the user's eyes are located when the optical device 100 is in a wearing state, and at this time, the location where the user's dual-purpose center (i.e., the midpoint of the connection between the user's left-eye center and the right-eye center) is located is the center of the preset observation area 4, that is, the center of the preset observation area 4 coincides with the user's dual-purpose center. The center of the predetermined observation area 4 coincides with the center of curvature of the spherical mirror 3, and therefore, the center of the user's double purpose coincides with the center of curvature of the spherical mirror when the optical apparatus 100 is in the wearing state.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that excessive binocular parallax can lead to visual fatigue and, in severe cases, dizziness. The binocular parallax is divided into vertical binocular parallaxAnd horizontal binocular parallaxWherein the horizontal binocular disparity includes a horizontal convergence disparity and a horizontal divergence disparity. According to scientific research, human eyes can accept that the vertical binocular parallax should be less than 2.9 milliradians, the horizontal convergence parallax should be less than 11.6 milliradians, and the horizontal divergence parallax should be less than 5.8 milliradians, namely-2.9 mrad < "＜2.9mrad，-5.8mrad＜＜11.6mrad。
Based on this, in designing an optical system and developing an optical apparatus, it is generally necessary to control binocular parallax of the optical system or the optical apparatus as much as possible within an acceptable range for human eyes so as not to bring adverse experiences to users. For the sake of understanding, please refer to fig. 2 to fig. 5, wherein fig. 2 is an observation schematic diagram without binocular parallax, wherein both the horizontal binocular parallax and the vertical binocular parallax of the user are 0, fig. 3 is an observation schematic diagram with horizontal convergence parallax, wherein the user has horizontal convergence parallax, fig. 4 is an observation schematic diagram with horizontal divergence parallax, wherein the user has horizontal divergence parallax, and fig. 5 is an observation schematic diagram with vertical binocular parallax, wherein the user has vertical binocular parallax.
It should be noted that, in the technical field, the method for calculating binocular parallax in the optical system is to calculate the difference of incident angles when light rays emitted from the same object point enter two eyes after passing through the optical system, so that it is possible to study how to describe the angle of a certain light ray in space without losing generality.
As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic view of human eye parallax, when the optical apparatus 100 is in a wearing state, the vertex of the spherical mirror 3 is taken as an origin, the direction from the right eye of the user to the left eye of the user is taken as an X-axis positive direction, the vertically upward direction of the top of the head of the user is taken as a Y-axis positive direction, and the forward direction of binocular head-up of the user is taken as a Z-axis positive direction, at this time, the Z-axis passes through the center of binocular head-up of the user, that is, the center of binocular head-up of the user coincides with the center of curvature of the spherical mirror 3. In fig. 6, XAN is the angle between the projection of the ray of light reaching the human eye in the XOZ plane and the Z axis, YAN is the angle between the projection of the ray of light reaching the human eye in the YOZ plane and the Z axis. Defining a Z-axis as a reference baseline, wherein XAN is negative if the direction of the light ray rotating along the acute angle is clockwise, and XAN is positive if the direction of the light ray rotating along the acute angle is anticlockwise.
Horizontal binocular parallaxAs shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of measurement of horizontal binocular parallax. In FIG. 7, XAN 1 is the angle between the projection of the left eye ray on the XOZ plane and the Z axis, XAN 2 is the angle between the projection of the right eye ray on the XOZ plane and the Z axis, then the parallax is horizontalWherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,For a horizontal disparity bias,。
Vertical binocular parallaxAs shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of measurement of vertical binocular parallax. In FIG. 8, YAN 1 is the angle between the projection of the light reaching the left eye on the YOZ plane and the Z axis, YAN 2 is the angle between the projection of the light reaching the right eye on the YOZ plane and the Z axis, then the binocular parallax is perpendicular。
The present embodiment has been found after many experiments that when the center of the user's binocular is coincident with the center of curvature of the spherical mirror 3, the optical apparatus 100 has a vertical binocular parallaxAlmost zero, horizontal binocular parallaxControlled atIn which IPD (Inter Pupil Distance, inter-pupillary distance) is the pupil distance, that is, the distance between pupils of both eyes, VID (virtual IMAGE DISTANCE ) is the virtual image distance, that is, the distance between the virtual image formed by the image display 2 emitted by the display screen 1 by the spherical mirror 3 and the center of the user's dual purpose center, when the optical device 100 is in the wearing state, the user's dual purpose center coincides with the center of the preset observation area 4 and the center of curvature of the spherical mirror 3, at this time, the distance between the user's dual purpose center and the vertex of the spherical mirror 3 is equal to the radius of curvature of the spherical mirror 3, and the distance between the virtual image and the vertex of the spherical mirror 3 is also referred to as the image distance, so that when the optical device 100 is in the wearing state, the virtual image distance is the sum of the radius of curvature and the image distance.
As shown in fig. 1, when the center of the user's dual purpose and the center of curvature of the spherical mirror 3 coincide, the distance between the center of the preset observation area 4 and the vertex of the spherical mirror 3 is a viewing distance, that is, the distance between the center of the user's dual purpose and the vertex of the spherical mirror 3, and the viewing distance is equal to the radius of curvature of the spherical mirror 3, the distance between the display screen 1 and the vertex of the spherical mirror 3 is an object distance, the distance between the vertex of the spherical mirror 3 and the virtual image is an image distance, the virtual image distance is the distance between the center of the user's dual purpose and the virtual image, and the virtual image distance is equal to the sum of the viewing distance and the image distance, that is, the sum of the radius of curvature and the image distance. At this time, a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is established with the vertex of the spherical mirror 3 as the origin of coordinates, the direction from the right eye of the user to the left eye of the user as the positive X-axis direction, the direction from the top of the user vertically upward as the positive Y-axis direction, and the direction forward from the binocular viewing of the user as the positive Z-axis direction, and the plane equation of the spherical mirror 3 isThe coordinates of the curvature center M are (0, -R), and the normal vector of MWherein c is the curvature, R is the radius of curvature, and R is the reciprocal of c.
As shown in fig. 9, it is assumed that the coordinates of any one virtual image point I on the plane in which the virtual image is located are (x i,yi,zi), the coordinates of the left eye point Le of the user are (a, 0, -R), and the left side of the right eye point Re is (-a, 0, -R), where a=ipd/2. As can be seen by those skilled in the art, the left eye point Le views the image display light L 1 received by the virtual image point I, and the right eye point Re views the image display light R 1 received by the virtual image point I to converge at the virtual image point I, and L 1、R1 respectively intersect the spherical mirror 3.
Assuming that the intersection point of L 1 and the spherical mirror 3 is P 1:（x1,y1,z1）,R1 and the intersection point of the spherical mirror 3 is P 2（x2,y2,z2), the direction vector of L 1 is (tanXAN 3,tanYAN3, 1) = = (x.y.,1)=（) The direction vector of R 1 is (tanXAN 4,tanYAN4, 1) = = (x =)=（) The normal vector at P 1 is%1), The normal vector at the P 2 part is%1), It is not difficult to find out that the outgoing ray P 1 Le and the normal at P 1, and the outgoing ray P 2 Re and the normal at P 2 all lie in the plane ILeRe. According to the specular reflection theorem, P 1 and P 2 for the incident points, The incident rays P 1 M and P 2- N having outgoing rays P 1 Le and P 2 Re respectively must also lie in plane ILeRe, and there is a unique intersection point O of the two incident rays. wherein XAN 3 represents the angle between the projection of ray L 1 on the XOZ plane and the Z axis, XAN 4 represents the angle between the projection of ray R 1 on the XOZ plane and the Z axis, YAN 3 denotes the angle between the projection of the light ray L 1 on the YOZ plane and the Z axis, and YAN 4 denotes the angle between the projection of the light ray R 1 on the YOZ plane and the Z axis.
According to the geometrical relationship, any virtual image point I outside the spherical mirror 3 always has a certain object point O corresponding to it and always is coplanar with the left eye point Le, the right eye point Re, the center of curvature M (i.e. the center of double-purpose of the user), the light incident points P 1 and P 2, which makes the viewing angles YAN of the left and right eyes in the vertical direction equal when the user uses the optical device 100 when the center of double-purpose of the user coincides with the center of curvature of the spherical mirror 3, thus, the vertical binocular parallaxAlways 0.
While the horizontal binocular parallax=（）-. When the field of view in the x direction is large, the following is satisfied(Where, represents approximation), at this timeSatisfies the following conditionsI.e. the upper limit of the horizontal binocular disparity is about the opening angle size of the binocular to the central field of view point. When the field of view in the x direction is small, the following is satisfiedAt this time. In the case of a general case of a system,Is a numerical value limited up and downWithin, and the function with the fastest value change when the independent variable is 0, the difference valueCan be understood as followsThe function as independent variable is respectively as followsAndThe difference between the two function values. Then, at the argumentCan take the difference value when the value is 0Maximum value of (2)Horizontal parallaxMaximum value of (2)Thus, it is possible to obtain. And z i +R approximates VID, thus. In summary, when the center of the user's binocular and the center of curvature of the spherical mirror 3 coincide, the horizontal binocular parallaxControlled atAnd (3) inner part.
This embodiment is based on the fact that "when the center of the user's binocular is coincident with the center of curvature of the spherical mirror 3, the optical apparatus 100 has a vertical binocular disparityAlmost zero, horizontal binocular parallaxControlled atIn "conclusion, when the center of the user's binocular is coincident with the center of curvature of the spherical mirror 3, the vertical binocular parallax of the optical system 100 is almost zero, while the horizontal binocular parallax depends on the principle of the pupil distance and the virtual image distance, the optical apparatus 100 is constructed by the spherical mirror 3 with the concave surface facing the preset observation area 4, and the display screen 1 located between the preset observation area 4 and the spherical mirror 3, and when the optical apparatus 100 is in the wearing state, the center of the preset observation area 4 is coincident with the center of the user's binocular, so that the vertical binocular parallax of the optical apparatus 100 is controlled to be almost zero, and the horizontal binocular parallax of the optical apparatus 100 is controlled to be within the range acceptable to the human eye by the distance between the display screen 1 and the vertex of the spherical mirror 3 being smaller than the focal length of the spherical mirror 3. The invention also utilizes the advantages of simple structure, low processing and manufacturing difficulty and low production cost of the spherical reflecting mirror 3, and greatly reduces the hardware realization cost.
It should be noted that, because the pupil distance of different users is different, the present embodiment may also adaptively adjust according to the pupil distance of the users, and control the horizontal binocular parallax of the optical apparatus 100 within a range acceptable to human eyes by adjusting the radius of curvature of the spherical reflecting mirror 3 or the distance between the display screen 1 and the vertex of the spherical reflecting mirror 3 (i.e. the object distance).
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the display screen 1 may be adjusted according to the user's needs such that the image display light 2 reflected by the spherical mirror 3 is directly incident on the predetermined observation area 4 without passing through the display screen 1.
Further, as shown in fig. 10, the optical device 100 further includes a transparent protective layer 5 disposed on the surface of the display screen 1, where the transparent protective layer 5 is used to protect the display screen 1.
In this embodiment, the transparent protective layer 5 is disposed on the side of the display screen 1 facing the preset observation area 4, so that scratches, dirt or other damages to the surface of the display screen 1 that may be caused when the user uses the optical system 100 can be avoided.
In one possible embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, the display screen 1 includes a transparent substrate 11 facing the preset observation area, and a transparent display layer 12 facing the spherical mirror; when the optical device 100 is in an operation state, the transparent display layer 12 generates image display light 2, and the image display light 2 is injected into the spherical reflecting mirror 3, and the image display light 2 passes through the transparent display layer 12 and the transparent substrate 11 in sequence after being reflected by the spherical reflecting mirror 3, and is injected into the preset observation area 4.
In this embodiment, the transparent substrate 11 refers to a transparent underlying material or base structure that is commonly used to make transparent devices or materials. The main characteristic of the substrate is that the substrate can transmit light rays, thereby realizing a transparent effect. The transparent display layer 12 is a portion for actually displaying graphics, and displays images using an organic light emitting diode or a liquid crystal display, etc., generates image display light 2, and directs the image display light 2 into the spherical mirror 3, and allows the image display light 2 to pass through the transparent display layer 12 when the spherical mirror 3 reflects the image display light 2 back. At the same time, the transparent substrate 11 also allows the reflected image display light 2 to pass through, and the final image display light 2 reaches the preset observation area 4 and is received by both eyes of the user.
As can be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the display 1 mainly composed of the transparent substrate 11 and the transparent display layer 12 in this embodiment is a transparent display, and the transparent display generally includes a transparent conductive layer, a control circuit, a power supply, and other structures besides the transparent substrate 11 and the transparent display layer 12, which are not limited in this embodiment.
As shown in fig. 12, in one possible embodiment, the display screen 1 includes a liquid crystal screen 13 and a planar beam splitter 14, and an included angle between the liquid crystal screen 13 and the planar beam splitter 14 is an acute angle;
When the optical device 100 is in an operation state, the liquid crystal screen 13 generates image display light 2, and emits the image display light 2 into the plane beam splitter 14, the plane beam splitter 14 reflects the image display light 2 to the spherical reflecting mirror 3, and the image display light 2 passes through the plane beam splitter 14 after being reflected by the spherical reflecting mirror 3 and is emitted to the preset observation area 4.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the planar beam splitter 14 is a semi-reflective and semi-transmissive optical element, and the planar beam splitter 14 is generally designed to allow a portion of the light to pass therethrough while another portion is reflected. In this embodiment, the planar beam splitter 14 is designed to allow light to pass through and reflect light, so that when the liquid crystal screen 13 irradiates the image display light 2 into the planar beam splitter, the image display light 2 is reflected to the spherical mirror 3, and when the image display light 2 is reflected back by the spherical mirror 3, the image display light 2 is allowed to transmit to the predetermined observation area 4.
For ease of understanding, the transmissive and reflective functions of the planar beam splitter 14 may refer to a transparent glass article through which a scene behind the transparent glass article is generally viewable, as well as a virtual image of the transparent glass article that is reflected from a scene in front of the transparent glass article, when the transparent glass article is viewed.
In this embodiment, the display 1 is composed of a liquid crystal panel 13 and a plane beam splitter 14 disposed at an acute angle. As shown in fig. 12, the display screen 1 may be configured such that the liquid crystal screen 13 is horizontally placed at the bottom of the display screen 1, the plane beam splitter 14 is inclined towards the spherical reflecting mirror 3, and one surface of the liquid crystal screen 13 emitting the image display light 2 is opposite to one surface of the plane beam splitter 14 inclined towards the spherical reflecting mirror 3, so that the image display light 2 emitted by the liquid crystal screen 13 can be reflected by the plane beam splitter 14 to the spherical reflecting mirror 3. Correspondingly, the liquid crystal screen 13 can be arranged on the top of the display screen 1 according to actual requirements, and the inclination direction of the plane spectroscope 14 can be correspondingly adjusted. Compared with the transparent display screen in the previous embodiment, the display screen 1 designed by adopting the planar spectroscope 14 and the liquid crystal screen 13 in the present embodiment has better light transmission effect and lower hardware implementation cost.
Further, the included angle between the liquid crystal screen 13 and the planar beam splitter 14 is 30 to 45 degrees.
In this embodiment, the included angle between the liquid crystal screen 13 and the planar beam splitter 14 ranges from 30 degrees to 45 degrees, and the parasitic light can be effectively controlled by such an included angle. The smaller included angle may cause interference between the display screen 1 and the spherical reflecting mirror 3, the larger angle may need to increase the distance between the display screen 1 and the vertex of the spherical reflecting mirror 3 (i.e. the object distance) to avoid imaging deformation or loss, and increasing the object distance may cause the volume of the optical system 100 to become larger, the cost to become higher, and the convenience to decrease, so the included angle between the liquid crystal screen 13 and the planar spectroscope 14 is set between 30 degrees and 45 degrees, and a certain degree of adjustment can be performed in the value range according to the actual situation, so as to improve the convenience and imaging effect of the optical device 100.
In addition, as shown in fig. 14, fig. 14 is a schematic flow chart of binocular parallax detection according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention further provides a binocular parallax detection method for detecting a lower limit of horizontal binocular parallax of an optical apparatus as described above, the optical system including a spherical mirror and a display screen, the method comprising the steps of:
step S10: acquiring the curvature radius of the spherical reflecting mirror, and determining the focal length of the spherical reflecting mirror according to the curvature radius;
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the focal length of a spherical mirror is equal to half the radius of curvature.
Step S20: acquiring the distance between the display screen and the vertex of the spherical reflecting mirror, and taking the distance between the display screen and the spherical reflecting mirror as the object distance of the optical equipment;
step S30: calculating an image distance of the optical device according to the focal length and the object distance;
in this embodiment, the image distance refers to the distance between a virtual image formed by the image display light emitted from the display screen behind the spherical mirror and the vertex of the spherical mirror after the image display light is reflected by the spherical mirror.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that the reciprocal of the focal length is equal to the sum of the reciprocal of the object distance and the reciprocal of the image distance.
Step S40: calculating a virtual image distance of the optical device according to the image distance and the curvature radius, wherein the virtual image distance is the sum of the image distance and the curvature radius;
In this embodiment, the virtual image distance actually refers to the distance between the center of the user's dual purpose and the virtual image when the optical apparatus is in a wearing state (i.e., when the center of the user's dual purpose coincides with the center of curvature of the spherical mirror). Since the center of the user's doublet coincides with the center of curvature of the spherical mirror, the distance between the center of the user's doublet and the vertex of the spherical mirror is equal to the radius of curvature of the spherical mirror, and therefore the virtual image distance is also equal to the sum of the image distance and the radius of curvature.
Step S50: calculating the lower limit of the horizontal binocular parallax of the optical equipment according to the virtual image distance and the preset pupil distance and by combining a preset lower limit formula of the horizontal binocular parallax;
Wherein, the lower limit formula of the horizontal binocular parallax is:
；
wherein, For the lower limit of horizontal binocular parallax, IPD is the pupil distance and VID is the virtual image distance.
In the present embodiment, according to the conclusion "when the center of the user's binocular is coincident with the center of curvature of the spherical mirror 3" demonstrated in the above embodiment, the vertical binocular parallax of the optical apparatus 100Almost zero. Horizontal binocular parallaxControlled atIt is known that the lower limit of the horizontal binocular parallax of the optical apparatus satisfies the formula. Therefore, the present embodiment can calculate the lower limit of the horizontal binocular parallax of the optical apparatus from the lower limit formula of the horizontal binocular parallax according to the pupil distance preset when the optical apparatus is designed or produced, and the virtual image distance.
It is to be understood that, when designing or producing an optical device, an engineer needs to select a suitable pupil distance according to a user group to perform development and production of the optical device, for example, a pupil distance of between 30 mm and 40 mm is taken, and a pupil distance of 35 mm is taken for developing an optical device suitable for the pupil, and accordingly, a preset pupil distance of the optical device is 35 mm.
Further, after the step of calculating the lower limit of the horizontal binocular disparity of the optical apparatus, the method further includes:
step S60: acquiring a preset target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit;
It will be understood that, in order to control the horizontal binocular disparity of the optical apparatus within a range acceptable to the human eye, a threshold is generally set as a target horizontal binocular disparity lower limit accordingly, and when the horizontal binocular disparity lower limit of the optical system is lower than the target horizontal binocular disparity lower limit, it is indicated that the optical system is not acceptable, and the horizontal binocular disparity cannot be controlled within the range acceptable to the human eye, and optimization adjustment is required.
Step S61: and if the target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit is larger than the horizontal binocular parallax lower limit, adjusting the object distance until the target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit is smaller than or equal to the horizontal binocular parallax lower limit.
In this embodiment, after the lower limit of the horizontal binocular parallax of the optical apparatus is calculated, a preset target lower limit of the horizontal binocular parallax is automatically obtained, and when the target lower limit of the horizontal binocular parallax is greater than the lower limit of the horizontal binocular parallax, the distance between the display screen and the spherical reflecting mirror (i.e., the object distance) is adjusted, and the adjusting direction is to increase the object distance so as to increase the image distance, thereby increasing the virtual image distance, increasing the lower limit of the horizontal binocular parallax of the optical system until the target lower limit of the horizontal binocular parallax is less than or equal to the lower limit of the horizontal binocular parallax, and controlling the binocular parallax of the optical apparatus within a range acceptable to human eyes.
Further, after the step of obtaining the preset target horizontal binocular disparity lower limit, the method further includes:
step S62: and if the preset target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit is acquired, adjusting the curvature radius of the spherical reflecting mirror until the target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit is smaller than or equal to the horizontal binocular parallax lower limit.
In addition to the method of adjusting the object distance to adjust the horizontal binocular disparity of the optical apparatus, the present embodiment also provides a method of adjusting the horizontal binocular disparity of the optical apparatus by adjusting the radius of curvature of the spherical mirror, for example, by changing the spherical mirror having a different radius of curvature to adjust the horizontal binocular disparity lower limit.
It is worth mentioning that the object distance and the radius of curvature can also be adjusted simultaneously to adjust the lower limit of the horizontal binocular parallax of the optical apparatus, so that the horizontal binocular parallax of the optical apparatus is controlled within the acceptable range of human eyes.
In addition, the invention also provides a binocular parallax detection device, which comprises a memory, a processor and a binocular parallax detection program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the binocular parallax detection program realizes the steps of the binocular parallax detection method when being executed by the processor.
Referring to fig. 13, fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a binocular disparity detection apparatus for a hardware running environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 13, the binocular disparity detection apparatus may include: a processor 1001, such as a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, a memory 1005. Wherein the communication bus 1002 is used to enable connected communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a Display, an input unit such as a Keyboard (Keyboard), and the optional user interface 1003 may further include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (e.g., a wireless FIdelity (WI-FI) interface). The Memory 1005 may be a high-speed random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) Memory or a stable Non-Volatile Memory (NVM), such as a disk Memory. The memory 1005 may also optionally be a storage device separate from the processor 1001 described above.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in fig. 13 does not constitute a limitation of the binocular disparity detection apparatus, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or may be a different arrangement of components.
As shown in fig. 13, an operating system, a data storage module, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a binocular disparity detection program may be included in a memory 1005 as one type of storage medium.
In the binocular disparity detection apparatus shown in fig. 13, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for data communication with other apparatuses; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for data interaction with a user; the processor 1001 and the memory 1005 in the binocular disparity detection apparatus of the present invention may be provided in the binocular disparity detection apparatus, which invokes the binocular disparity detection program stored in the memory 1005 through the processor 1001 and performs the binocular disparity detection method provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
In addition, the present invention also provides a storage medium having stored thereon a binocular disparity detection program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the binocular disparity detection method as described above.
The specific implementation manner of the storage medium of the present invention is basically the same as that of each embodiment of the binocular parallax detection method described above, and will not be repeated here.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or system that comprises the element.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present invention are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
From the above description of embodiments, it will be clear to a person skilled in the art that the above embodiment method may be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, but may of course also be implemented by means of hardware, but in many cases the former is a preferred embodiment. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (e.g. ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, comprising instructions for causing a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather is intended to cover any equivalents of the structures or equivalent processes disclosed herein or in the alternative, which may be employed directly or indirectly in other related arts.
Claims (10)
1. An optical device, the optical device comprising:
A spherical reflecting mirror with a concave surface facing a preset observation area and a display screen positioned between the preset observation area and the spherical reflecting mirror;
the center of the preset observation area coincides with the curvature center of the spherical reflector, and the distance between the display screen and the vertex of the spherical reflector is smaller than the focal length of the spherical reflector;
When the optical equipment is in a wearing state, the center of the preset observation area coincides with the dual-purpose center of a user;
When the optical equipment is in an operating state, the display screen generates image display light, the image display light is injected into the spherical reflecting mirror, the spherical reflecting mirror receives and reflects the image display light, and the image display light passes through the display screen after being reflected by the spherical reflecting mirror and is injected into the preset observation area.
2. The optical device of claim 1, further comprising a transparent protective layer disposed on a surface of the display screen, the transparent protective layer configured to protect the display screen.
3. The optical device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the display screen comprises a transparent substrate facing the predetermined viewing area and a transparent display layer facing the spherical mirror; when the optical equipment is in an operating state, the transparent display layer generates image display light, the image display light is injected into the spherical reflector, and the image display light sequentially passes through the transparent display layer and the transparent substrate after being reflected by the spherical reflector and is injected into the preset observation area.
4. The optical device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the display screen comprises a liquid crystal screen and a planar beam splitter, and an included angle between the liquid crystal screen and the planar beam splitter is an acute angle;
When the optical equipment is in an operating state, the liquid crystal screen generates image display light, the image display light is emitted into the plane spectroscope, the plane spectroscope reflects the image display light to the spherical reflector, and the image display light passes through the plane spectroscope after being reflected by the spherical reflector and is emitted to the preset observation area.
5. The optical device of claim 4, wherein the angle between the liquid crystal panel and the planar beam splitter is in the range of 30 degrees to 45 degrees.
6. A binocular parallax detection method for detecting a lower limit of a horizontal binocular parallax of an optical apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the optical apparatus including a spherical mirror and a display screen, the method comprising the steps of:
Acquiring the curvature radius of the spherical reflecting mirror, and determining the focal length of the spherical reflecting mirror according to the curvature radius;
Acquiring the distance between the display screen and the vertex of the spherical reflecting mirror, and taking the distance between the display screen and the spherical reflecting mirror as the object distance of the optical equipment;
Calculating an image distance of the optical device according to the focal length and the object distance;
Calculating a virtual image distance of the optical device according to the image distance and the curvature radius, wherein the virtual image distance is the sum of the image distance and the curvature radius;
Calculating the lower limit of the horizontal binocular parallax of the optical equipment according to the virtual image distance and the preset pupil distance and by combining a preset lower limit formula of the horizontal binocular parallax;
Wherein, the lower limit formula of the horizontal binocular parallax is:
；
wherein, For the lower limit of horizontal binocular parallax, IPD is the pupil distance and VID is the virtual image distance.
7. The binocular disparity detection method according to claim 6, wherein after the step of calculating the lower limit of the horizontal binocular disparity of the optical apparatus, further comprises:
Acquiring a preset target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit;
and if the target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit is larger than the horizontal binocular parallax lower limit, adjusting the object distance until the target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit is smaller than or equal to the horizontal binocular parallax lower limit.
8. The binocular disparity detection method according to claim 7, wherein after the step of obtaining a preset target horizontal binocular disparity lower limit, further comprising:
And if the preset target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit is acquired, adjusting the curvature radius of the spherical reflecting mirror until the target horizontal binocular parallax lower limit is smaller than or equal to the horizontal binocular parallax lower limit.
9. A binocular disparity detection apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises: a memory, a processor, and a binocular disparity detection program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the binocular disparity detection program configured to implement the steps of the binocular disparity detection method according to any one of claims 6 to 8.
10. A storage medium having stored thereon a binocular disparity detection program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the binocular disparity detection method according to any one of claims 6 to 8.
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