CN118282126A

CN118282126A - Three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure and hub motor using same

Info

Publication number: CN118282126A
Application number: CN202410386511.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈维加
Original assignee: Suzhou Pawamax Power Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Pawamax Power Co ltd
Priority date: 2024-04-01
Filing date: 2024-04-01
Publication date: 2024-07-02

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure, which comprises three equally-divided arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor groups which are installed in a closed loop by taking a main shaft of a motor as a center, and a main shaft fluted disc which is fixed on the main shaft and used for outputting motor torque; the inner rotor and the stator of each motor group are alternately arranged, the stator takes the winding slot as the center, two sides of the stator are provided with semicircular magnetic poles, and the permanent magnet rotor is coupled with the semicircular magnetic poles of the stators at two adjacent sides to form a small motor; the three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor sets share a small motor at adjacent positions on the circumference, and the rotor magnetic field directions of the three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor sets are staggered by 120 degrees in sequence; the main shaft fluted disc is used as a timing gear to be meshed with a pinion gear on each rotor shaft so as to drive three motor groups to continuously run, and is also used as a thrust gear so as to output motor torque. The invention also provides the hub motor with the three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure, and the hub motor has the advantages of higher rotating speed, higher efficiency, smaller volume and lighter weight.

Description

Three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure and hub motor using same

Technical Field

The invention relates to a three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure and a hub motor using the same.

Background

The motor has been applied as the existing technology for more than 100 years, however, the application occasions of the motor are more and more, and higher requirements are also put forward on the motor, so that the current scientific research field generally focuses on how to improve the performance of the existing motor, and the development of a novel motor which is small in size, light in weight, high in efficiency, simple in structure and adaptable to more different application occasions is the main attack direction of research and development.

For the existing high-power motor, the motor design rotating speed is improved, so that the size, the weight and the efficiency can be reduced. However, since the rotor diameter of the high-power motor is large, the weight is heavy, the centrifugal force of the rotor rises exponentially due to the increase of the rotating speed, and the maximum rotating speed of the high-power motor is 20000 revolutions per minute in the case of the existing 200kw motor for vehicles, the physical limit of materials is approached, and therefore, the improvement of various performances can not be realized at higher rotating speeds.

In recent years, electric automobiles are rapidly developed, and the electric automobiles are becoming a great trend to replace fuel oil automobiles. The hub motor of the existing electric automobile is commonly provided with a three-phase synchronous motor, a three-phase asynchronous motor, an electromagnetic motor, a switch reluctance motor and the like, the basic structure is composed of a stator and a rotor and is connected with wheels through a reduction gear box and a differential mechanism, the motor is generally arranged between a front wheel axle and a rear wheel axle, the weight reduction of a driving unit represents a larger thrust weight ratio and less occupation of a member bin space for the electric automobile, and the motor is required to have light weight, small volume, high efficiency and other performances for running more mileage by using limited battery electric energy, so that the purpose of the motor is realized by adopting a mode of improving the rotation speed of the motor. However, as previously analyzed, the current hub motors for electric vehicles have a maximum rotational speed of 20000 rpm which is close to the physical limit of the material, and it is also impossible to achieve performance improvements at higher rotational speeds.

Of course, for the motor, the smaller the motor rotor is, the smaller the centrifugal force is, so that the higher rotating speed can be realized, and therefore, the multi-rotor motor is designed in the industry to solve the problem. Although some patent schemes of the multi-rotor motor exist at present, all the existing schemes have various problems and cannot be practically applied. Moreover, for automobiles, particularly small automobiles, the unsprung mass is an important factor affecting the operability, stability, comfort and energy consumption of the automobile, so that all the current schemes related to hub motors have various problems, and no better practical scheme for realizing application is available so far, mainly because: the rotation speed of the wheels is only one thousand revolutions per minute when the speed per hour of the car is 100 km. In general, an in-wheel motor rotates synchronously with a wheel, and a synchronous motor which can meet the torque required by a general vehicle is unrealistic to output at a low rotation speed, and even if the in-wheel motor is adopted, unsprung mass is greatly increased, so that a plurality of performances of the vehicle are reduced. If the wheel side motor does not participate in unsprung mass, a set of extremely complex connecting mechanism is needed, and the cost is extremely high and the commercial value is low, so that the wheel side motor and the wheel side motor in the prior art are rarely applied.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at: on one hand, the invention provides a three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure which can realize higher rotating speed, higher working efficiency, small volume, light weight and simple structure, and particularly has short magnetic pole magnetic circuit, small magnetic resistance and lower magnetic heat loss of a single rotor aiming at the defects of the prior high-power motor in the background technology.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure is characterized by comprising three equally-divided arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor groups which are installed in a closed loop by taking a main shaft of a motor as a center, and a main shaft fluted disc which is fixed on the main shaft and used for outputting motor torque; each arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor unit is formed by alternately and serially connecting rotors and stators, a winding slot is arranged in the center of the stator and is used for winding a stator coil, corresponding semicircular magnetic poles are arranged on two sides of the center of the winding slot and are respectively coupled with two adjacent permanent magnet rotors, and each permanent magnet rotor is simultaneously coupled with the semicircular magnetic poles of the stators on two adjacent sides to form a small motor; three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor groups on the circumference share a small motor at adjacent positions; the stator coils of the three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor units are in triangular connection or star connection;

The rotor magnetic field directions of the three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor sets are staggered by 120 degrees in sequence, the main shaft fluted disc is meshed with the pinions fixed on the rotor shafts of the rotors, and when the main shaft fluted disc is meshed with the pinions, the magnetic field directions of the rotors in each arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor set are consistent, so that the main shaft fluted disc is used as a timing gear of the rotors of the three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor sets to limit the corresponding angle relation of all rotor magnetic fields so as to drive the rotors of each arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor set to continuously operate, and is used as a thrust gear of the rotors of the three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor sets to output motor torque.

Further, at least one of the rotor shafts is provided with an angular displacement sensor for detecting the magnetic field angle and the angular velocity of the rotor in any one of the arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor sets, the angular displacement sensor is used for controlling the rotating speed of the whole motor, and is one of a rotary transformer, an electromagnetic coil type sensor and a Hall sensor.

Further, in the present invention, at least one of three adjacent positions of the three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor sets on the circumference is provided with an angular displacement sensor having a sensor rotation shaft to which a pinion (the same as the pinion on the rotor shaft) is also fixed to mesh with the main shaft fluted disc, and the angular displacement sensor is one of a resolver, a solenoid sensor, and a hall sensor. The design form does not need to arrange a rotary transformer on the extending end of the rotor shaft, can simplify the assembly of parts and reduce the integral structure of the motor.

Taking the conventional rotary transformer as an example, the rotary transformer comprises a rotary transformer stator and a rotary transformer rotor arranged in the rotary transformer stator, wherein a sensor rotating shaft is fixed on the rotary transformer rotor, and a pinion is fixed on the sensor rotating shaft to be meshed with a main shaft fluted disc.

Further, the stator coil in the winding groove of the stator is wound by adopting a flat wire winding.

Furthermore, in the invention, the rotor shaft is fixed with a pinion meshed with the main shaft fluted disc, the number of teeth of the pinion can be divided by 3, the number of teeth of the main shaft fluted disc can be divided by X, X=360 degrees/y, and y is the degree of an included angle between two adjacent rotors on the circumference.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a hub motor using the three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure, which can be applied to an electric vehicle as a power output component and has advantages in rotation speed.

As practical application of the hub motor, the specific structure of the hub motor is further designed as follows:

On the basis of the three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure, the hub motor further comprises a motor shell used for fixing the three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor units, a motor end cover and a fluted disc end cover, wherein the motor end cover and the fluted disc end cover are respectively fastened and fixed with the motor shell from two sides, a fluted disc oil chamber for sealing the fluted disc of the main shaft is formed between the motor shell and the fluted disc end cover, a main shaft is fixed at the center of the fluted disc of the main shaft, one end of the main shaft is led out through a central shaft hole arranged on the fluted disc end cover to fix a hub fixing flange, the hub fixing flange is then used for fixing a hub arranged on the inner side of an automobile tire, the other end of the main shaft is supported in the motor shell through a bearing, the bearing comprises a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring, the bearing inner ring is fixed on the main shaft, the bearing outer ring is fixed with the motor shell, and the motor shell is fixed with a wheel fixing frame of the automobile. In the structural design of the hub motor, the bearing capacity of the vehicle body is directly transferred to the bearing outer ring by the tire and then acts on the wheel fixing frame, the motor shell, the bearing outer ring and the wheel fixing frame are fixed into a whole, and the motor shell only needs to provide the supporting force of the motor and does not bear the weight of the vehicle body, so that the strength requirement of the motor shell is greatly reduced, the weight is lightened, and the structure is extremely simple.

Further, in the hub motor, the motor housing comprises a supporting end wall for being buckled and fixed with a fluted disc end cover to form the fluted disc oil chamber, an outer annular wall formed on the supporting end wall and an inner annular wall positioned on the inner side of the outer annular wall, and annular grooves for embedding the three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor units are formed between the inner annular wall and the outer annular wall; an outer annular cooling water channel surrounding the annular groove is arranged in the outer annular wall, an inner annular cooling water channel surrounding the annular groove is arranged on the inner annular wall, and the motor end cover is buckled with the motor shell to seal the outer annular cooling water channel and the inner annular cooling water channel; the head end of the outer annular cooling water channel is provided with a water inlet, the tail end of the water inlet is communicated with the head end of the inner annular cooling water channel, and the tail end of the inner annular cooling water channel is provided with a water outlet; or the head end of the inner annular cooling water channel is provided with a water inlet, the tail end of the inner annular cooling water channel is communicated with the head end of the outer annular cooling water channel, and the tail end of the outer annular cooling water channel is provided with a water outlet; the bearing outer ring is fixed with the supporting end wall, and the wheel fixing frame is fixed with the inner annular wall.

In practical implementation, the periphery of the bearing outer ring can be formed with a plurality of positioning lugs, and corresponding positioning holes are formed in the positioning lugs and the supporting end wall and used for penetrating screws to fix the positioning lugs and the supporting end wall. And the periphery of the wheel fixing frame, the inner periphery of the inner annular wall and the inner periphery of the motor end cover can be provided with a plurality of positioning lugs corresponding to the positioning holes, and the positioning lugs are used for penetrating screws to fix the wheel fixing frame, the inner annular wall and the motor end cover.

Furthermore, in the hub motor of the present invention, the outer annular cooling water channel and the inner annular cooling water channel are respectively provided with a water inlet end and a water outlet end which are separated by a partition plate, wherein:

The water outlet end of the outer annular cooling water channel is communicated with the water inlet end of the inner annular cooling water channel through a communicating water channel arranged in the motor end cover, and meanwhile, the motor end cover is provided with an end cover water inlet hole connected with the water inlet end of the outer annular cooling water channel and an end cover water outlet hole connected with the water outlet end of the inner annular cooling water channel, or the water outlet end of the inner annular cooling water channel is communicated with the water inlet end of the outer annular cooling water channel through a communicating water channel arranged in the motor end cover, and meanwhile, the motor end cover is provided with an end cover water inlet hole connected with the water inlet end of the inner annular cooling water channel and an end cover water outlet hole connected with the water outlet end of the outer annular cooling water channel;

and the motor end cover is also fixed with a cooling water cover, and the cooling water cover is provided with a water inlet interface connected with the water inlet hole of the end cover and a water outlet interface connected with the water outlet hole of the end cover.

In the structural design of the hub motor, the cooling water channels are arranged on the inner and outer annular walls of the motor shell, so that the two sides of the stator can obtain larger heat dissipation area, and a good heat dissipation effect is achieved.

Further, in the hub motor of the present invention, a hollow brake mounting post is provided at the center of the support end wall, the bearing is located inside the brake mounting post, a brake chamber is defined between the support end wall, the inner annular wall and the bearing outer ring of the bearing of the motor housing, a drum brake is provided therein, the drum brake comprises a brake shoe and a brake drum, the brake shoe is fixed on the brake mounting post, and the brake drum is fixed with the main shaft and located at the periphery of the brake shoe; the wheel mount is secured to the motor housing as a brake chamber cover to enclose the brake chamber. Obviously, the motor shell is used as a mounting shell of the motor, a brake chamber and the inner annular wall as a bearing connection framework of the shock-absorbing connection device of the hub motor and the frame or the vehicle frame. The wheel mount is secured to the motor housing as a brake chamber cover to enclose the brake chamber.

Further, in the above-mentioned in-wheel motor of the present invention, the rotor shaft to which the angular displacement sensor is attached may be led out through an opening in a motor end cover to attach the angular displacement sensor. The rotary transformer has the advantages of extremely simple structure and convenient installation, and is extremely easy to adjust the angle of the rotary transformer and the corresponding rotor relative to the rotary transformer of the existing magnetic induction motor.

In the hub motor of the present invention, the top and bottom of the stator are provided with positioning protrusions, the outer wall surface of the inner annular wall is provided with positioning grooves matching with the positioning protrusions at the bottom of the stator, and the inner wall surface of the outer annular wall is provided with positioning grooves matching with the positioning protrusions at the top of the stator. The process for processing the motor shell is very simple, and meanwhile, the stator is embedded into the motor shell to obtain accurate positioning and play a good role in heat dissipation.

More preferably, the invention further designs the following two air cooling structure schemes for the hub motor:

One of the air-cooling structural schemes is as follows: the wheel hub comprises a wheel hub inner ring fixed with a wheel hub fixing flange and a wheel hub outer ring connected with the wheel hub inner ring through a plurality of connecting ribs, the wheel hub outer ring is positioned on the periphery of the outer annular wall, a cooling air channel for cooling a stator is formed between the wheel hub outer ring and the outer annular wall, an air inlet of the cooling air channel is positioned at one end of the wheel hub opposite to the wheel fixing frame, and an air outlet of the cooling air channel is positioned at one end of the wheel hub where the wheel fixing frame is positioned; a plurality of hub blades are formed on the inner wall of the hub outer ring, and a plurality of outer radiating blades are also formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer annular wall;

An inner chamber of the brake chamber is formed between the inner periphery of the brake drum and the outer periphery of the brake mounting post, an outer chamber of the brake chamber is formed between the outer periphery of the brake drum and the inner periphery of the inner annular wall, and when the wheel fixing frame is used as a brake chamber cover, a plurality of brake chamber air inlets communicated with the inner chamber and a plurality of brake chamber air outlets communicated with the outer chamber are arranged on the wheel fixing frame; and the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum is provided with brake drum radiating fins, and the inner peripheral surface of the inner annular wall is formed with a plurality of inner radiating fins.

The other air cooling structure scheme is as follows: the wheel hub comprises a wheel hub inner ring fixed with a wheel hub fixing flange and a wheel hub outer ring connected with the wheel hub inner ring through a plurality of connecting ribs, the wheel hub outer ring is positioned on the periphery of the outer annular wall, a cooling air channel for cooling the wheel hub outer ring and the outer annular wall is formed between the wheel hub outer ring and the outer annular wall, a cooling air channel air inlet of the cooling air channel is positioned at one end of the wheel hub, which is opposite to the wheel fixing frame, and a cooling air channel air outlet is positioned at one end of the wheel hub, which is where the wheel fixing frame is positioned; a plurality of hub blades are formed on the inner wall of the hub outer ring, and a plurality of outer radiating blades are also formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer annular wall;

The brake chamber air inlet cover is fixedly clamped between the fluted disc end cover and the supporting end wall, an air inlet gap is reserved between the brake chamber air inlet cover and the supporting end wall, a plurality of ventilation openings which are communicated with the cooling air duct and the air inlet gap are formed in the periphery of the brake chamber air inlet cover, a brake chamber air inlet which is communicated with the brake chamber and the air inlet gap is formed in the supporting end wall, a brake chamber air outlet which is communicated with the brake chamber is formed in the wheel fixing frame when the wheel fixing frame is used as the brake chamber cover, brake drum radiating blades are arranged on the peripheral surface of the brake drum, and a plurality of inner radiating blades are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the inner annular wall.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. The three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor provided by the invention has the advantages that the motor is of a 360-degree closed ring structure formed by three equally-divided arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor groups, and each arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor is formed by connecting small motors in series, so that magnetic circuits of all the single small motors in the closed ring are completely closed, no magnetic field loss exists, the wiring of adjacent stator coils in each arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor group is extremely short, the line loss is reduced, and the whole manufacturing materials of the motor are saved and the production process is simplified.

In particular, on one hand, because two sides of a stator in each arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor unit are respectively used as magnetic poles of two adjacent rotors, after the motor is electrified, the force for generating a magnetic field acts on the rotors on two sides simultaneously, compared with all the existing motors, the motor has the advantages that the path of the magnetic field is greatly shortened, the magnetic circuit is extremely short, the magnetic resistance is extremely small, and the magnetic heat loss is reduced. On the other hand, due to the open structure design of the stator winding groove, the coil can be wound by a thin copper sheet flat wire, the groove filling rate is higher than that of any existing motor, and the copper heat loss is reduced, so that the motor efficiency is improved. Compared with the existing most efficient motor with the same power, the motor saves more than 50% of silicon steel sheets and copper materials, and compared with the traditional motor, the motor saves more than 95% of silicon steel sheets and copper materials. Furthermore, the winding process of the stator coil is simpler than any existing motor. And the upper side and the lower side of the magnetic pole of each stator are contacted with the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the motor shell, so that the contact area is large, the heat dissipation condition is effectively improved, the heat dissipation effect of the motor is improved, and compared with the traditional motor, other materials are saved to different degrees.

2. The whole design scheme of the invention can obviously improve the rotating speed of the rotor, and the rated running rotating speed of the rotor of each arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor unit can reach a plurality of times of that of the high-power motor. All rotors are in transmission coupling with one main shaft fluted disc, so that the timing relation of all rotor angles is guaranteed, the effects of reducing speed and increasing torque are achieved, and the whole structure of the motor is simpler.

3. The invention has the advantages of small volume, light weight, and can achieve half volume, light weight, even smaller and light weight of the existing high-speed motor according to the rotating speed, power and torque of the motor, and the light weight is only a few tenths of that of the traditional motor.

4. According to the whole design scheme, the output rotating speed and torque can be flexibly designed and configured by using different small motors and spindle gear plates with different sizes according to the requirements, more flexible power and rotating speed configuration is realized, a gearbox is not needed under the condition of using quite wide rotating speed compared with a common motor, the cost of the gearbox is saved, and more customized choices are provided.

5. The invention has compact overall structure design, is axially short compared with the traditional motor, is especially suitable for special motor application occasions with requirements on axial length, improves the flexibility of the motor in various applications, shows remarkable superiority in high-power motor application, is extremely suitable for various high-power motors and special scenes, and also provides wider selectivity for innovative products in electric automobile hub motors and other fields.

6. The most complex process of traditional motor manufacturing process is wire winding, especially high-power motor, wherein wire winding, wire embedding and wire binding basically need manual operation. The middle and small power motor can be produced by adopting automatic winding equipment, but the equipment is extremely expensive, at least more than 1000 ten thousand of equipment is taken as an example, the investment is huge, and a whole set of equipment can only produce one product, has no universality and still needs more manpower. The winding process of the three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor scheme is extremely simple, one winding device can be suitable for a motor with power of tens to hundreds of kilowatts only by replacing a simple tool, the universality is extremely strong, the full-automatic production is extremely easy to realize, the investment of one full-automatic production line does not exceed one tenth of that of the traditional motor device, and the unmanned production can be realized.

7. The invention further designs the hub motor applied to the electric automobile on the basis of the three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure, which well solves the following problems existing in the prior hub motor scheme:

A. Firstly, due to the adoption of the multi-rotor structure, the stator and rotor are large in relative coupling area, the torque is large, the rotor is extremely small, the rotating speed can be increased to 5-10 ten thousand revolutions per minute, the motor can be used for converting electric energy more efficiently through the high-rotating-speed design, the requirement of a high-power motor on high energy efficiency is met, and therefore the energy efficiency level of the whole vehicle is improved. The motor is extremely light in weight, and the reduction ratio of about 20 times is arranged between the small rotor and the main shaft, so that the torque transmitted to the main shaft is greatly increased, otherwise, a plurality of rotors are stressed simultaneously, a large amount of energy storage energy is recovered during speed reduction, and the use of a brake mechanism is greatly reduced, so that a heavy caliper brake disc used by the existing automobile is not required, and the drum brake is adopted, so that the weight is reduced, and the structure of the hub motor is extremely compact.

B. The mass of the hub motor provided by the scheme can be controlled to be about 20 kg by taking a 50KW motor as an example, and the mass of a brake caliper and a brake disc of the existing class B car is generally more than 20 kg, so that the mass of the hub motor and a drum brake mechanism is equivalent to the unsprung mass of a caliper mechanism. The lightweight design helps to reduce overall vehicle mass, thereby improving energy efficiency and handling performance.

C. Meanwhile, the scheme also omits a large number of transmission system parts of the existing electric automobile, reduces the weight, saves a large amount of materials compared with the traditional motor, is beneficial to reducing the manufacturing cost, has positive influence on sustainability and environmental protection, and accords with the sustainable development trend of modern automobile manufacturing.

D. The motor has the characteristics of short axial direction and large diameter, is extremely suitable for being installed in the existing automobile hub, vacates precious space of a passenger cabin, and improves the space utilization rate of the carriage.

Through the characteristics of improving the design of the rotor rotation speed, the large diameter and the short axial direction and the light weight, the hub motor of the scheme has obvious superiority in the aspects of energy efficiency, space utilization, quality, material use and the like, and provides powerful support for technical innovation in the field of electric automobiles.

In summary, the automobile hub motor is the only solution capable of realizing large-scale popularization and application.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a general motor employing the three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional assembly structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a main sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic elevational view of the three arcuate single phase multi-rotor motor unit of FIG. 1 in a closed loop configuration;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a single structure of a small motor;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a separate perspective of a stator in a small motor;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the rotor magnet field direction of the arcuate A-phase multi-rotor motor set of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the rotor magnet field direction of the arcuate B-phase multi-rotor motor set of FIG. 4;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the rotor magnet field direction of the arcuate C-phase multi-rotor motor set of FIG. 4;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the positioning structure of a small motor of an arcuate single-phase multi-rotor motor unit within a motor housing;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic circuit of a conventional single-phase AC motor;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic circuit of a conventional three-phase AC motor;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit of a small motor in this case;

FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view of another general motor employing the three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the perspective assembly of FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a schematic elevational view of the three arcuate single phase multi-rotor motor assembly of FIG. 14 in a closed loop configuration;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a hub motor employing the three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the perspective assembly of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a main sectional view of FIG. 17;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the cooling water passage inside the motor housing of the in-wheel motor of FIG. 17;

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a hub motor with an air-cooled structure;

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the perspective assembly of FIG. 21;

FIG. 23 is a main sectional view of FIG. 21;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of another perspective assembly of a wheel hub motor with an air cooling structure;

Fig. 25 is a main sectional view of fig. 24.

In the figure: 1. a main shaft; A. arc A phase multiple rotor motor group; B. arc B phase multi-rotor motor group; C. arc-shaped C-phase multi-rotor motor unit; 2. a main shaft fluted disc; 3. a rotor; 4. a stator; 4a, a winding groove; 4b, magnetic poles; 4c, positioning convex parts; 5. a stator coil; H. a magnetic circuit; 6. a rotor shaft; 6a, a pinion gear; 7. a rotary transformer; 701. a resolver rotor; 702. a resolver stator; 8. a motor housing; 8a, supporting end walls; 8b, an outer annular wall; 8c, an inner annular wall; 8d, positioning grooves; 9. a motor end cover; 9a, communicating with a water channel; 9b, an end cover water inlet hole; 9c, an end cover water outlet hole; 10. a fluted disc end cap; 11. a hub mounting flange; 12. an automobile tire; 13. a hub; 13a, a hub inner ring; 13b, a hub outer ring; 14. a bearing; 14a, bearing inner ring; 14b, bearing outer ring; 15. a wheel fixing frame; 16. an outer annular cooling water channel; 17. an inner annular cooling water channel; 18. a partition plate; 19. a cooling water cover; 19a, a water inlet port; 19b, a drain port; 20. a brake mounting post; 21. a brake chamber; 22. a brake shoe; 23. a brake drum; 24. a cooling air duct; 24a, a cooling air duct air inlet; 24b, cooling air duct air outlet; 25. hub fan blades; 26. an outer heat dissipating fin; 27. an air inlet of the brake chamber; 28. an air outlet of the brake chamber; 29. an inner heat radiating fin; 30. an air inlet cover of the brake chamber; 31. an air inlet gap; 32. a vent; 33. a rotary transformer cover; 34. brake drum cooling fin.

Detailed Description

Example 1: the following first describes a three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure provided in the present application with reference to fig. 1 to 13 as follows:

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, there is shown a universal motor using a three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure, which has three equally divided arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor groups a, B and C mounted in a closed loop around a main shaft 1 of the motor, and a main shaft toothed disc 2 fixed to the main shaft 1 for outputting motor torque, each arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor group having an included angle of 120 degrees on the circumference.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, as a general motor, three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor units are all accommodated in a motor housing 8, and two sides of the motor housing are respectively buckled with a motor end cover 9 and a fluted disc end cover 10, wherein a fluted disc oil chamber for sealing the fluted disc 2 of the main shaft is formed between the motor housing 8 and the fluted disc end cover 10, the main shaft 1 is fixed at the center of the fluted disc 2 of the main shaft, and one end of the main shaft 1 extends out through a central shaft hole arranged on the fluted disc end cover 10.

With further reference to fig. 4-6, the arc-shaped a-phase multi-rotor motor set a, the arc-shaped B-phase multi-rotor motor set B and the arc-shaped C-phase multi-rotor motor set C are respectively formed by alternately and serially installing corresponding rotors 3 and stators 4, wherein a winding slot 4a is arranged in the center of each stator 4 and is used for winding a stator coil 5, corresponding semicircular magnetic poles 4B are arranged on two sides of the winding slot 4a as the center and are respectively coupled with two adjacent permanent magnet rotors 3, and each permanent magnet rotor 3 is simultaneously coupled with the semicircular magnetic poles 4B of the stators 4 on two adjacent sides to form a small motor; the stator coils 5 of the three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor sets are in triangular connection or star connection.

And in particular with reference to fig. 7-9, the magnetic field directions of the rotor 3 of the arc-shaped A-phase multi-rotor motor set A, the arc-shaped B-phase multi-rotor motor set B and the arc-shaped C-phase multi-rotor motor set C are staggered by 120 degrees in sequence. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in this embodiment, two rotor shafts 6 disposed at intervals are mounted on the circumference of the arc-shaped a-phase multi-rotor motor unit a, and angular displacement sensors for detecting the magnetic field angle of the rotor 3 are used to control the rotation speed of the whole motor. And said rotor shaft 6 mounting the angular displacement sensor is led out via an opening in the motor end cap 9 to mount the angular displacement sensor, and the angular displacement sensor is an existing resolver 7. After the rotary transformers 7 are installed, the two rotary transformers 7 are covered and protected by a rotary transformer cover 33 fixed with the motor end cover 9.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the main shaft fluted disc 2 is in driving coupling with each rotor shaft 6, specifically, a pinion 6a is fixed on the rotor shaft 6 and meshed with the main shaft fluted disc 2. When the rotor 3 of each arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor set is meshed, the magnetic field directions of the rotor 3 of each arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor set are kept consistent, so that the main shaft fluted disc 2 is used as a timing gear of the rotor 3 of each three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor set to limit the corresponding angle relation of the magnetic fields of all the rotors 3 so as to drive the rotor 3 of each arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor set to continuously operate, and is also used as a thrust gear of the rotor 3 of each three single-phase multi-rotor motor sets to output motor torque.

In this embodiment, the number of teeth of the pinion 6a can be divided by 3, and the number of teeth of the main shaft fluted disc 2 can be divided by x=360 degrees/y, where y is the degree of the included angle between two adjacent rotors 3 on the circumference.

In this embodiment, the stator coil 5 in the winding slot 4a of the stator 4 is wound with a flat wire winding. If the actually available thin copper sheet is wound by flat wires, the slot filling rate is higher than that of any existing motor, and the copper heat loss is reduced, so that the motor efficiency is improved. Compared with the existing most efficient motor with the same power, the motor saves more than 50% of silicon steel sheets and copper materials, and compared with the traditional motor, the motor saves more than 95% of silicon steel sheets and copper materials.

Referring to fig. 10, the motor housing 8 includes a supporting end wall 8a for being fastened and fixed with a fluted disc end cover 10 to form the fluted disc oil chamber, an outer annular wall 8B formed on the supporting end wall 8a, and an inner annular wall 8C located inside the outer annular wall 8B, wherein annular grooves for embedding three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor sets a, B and C are formed between the inner annular wall 8C and the outer annular wall 8B. For each arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor unit, the top and the bottom of each stator 4 are respectively provided with a circular arc-shaped positioning convex part 4c, the outer wall surface of the inner annular wall 8c is provided with a circular arc-shaped positioning groove 8d matched with the circular arc-shaped positioning convex part 4c at the bottom of the stator, and the inner wall surface of the outer annular wall 8b is provided with a circular arc-shaped positioning groove 8d matched with the positioning convex part 4c at the top of the circular arc-shaped stator 4, so that the motor shell 8 can be conveniently and accurately installed and positioned on the stator 4 and the motor unit where the stator is positioned.

As shown in fig. 11-13, in the small motor of each arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor unit in this embodiment, two sides of the stator 4 are respectively used as magnetic poles of two adjacent rotors 3, after being electrified, the force of the magnetic field is generated and acts on the rotors 3 at two sides, so that compared with all kinds of motors in the prior art, the path of the magnetic field is greatly shortened, the magnetic circuit H is extremely short, the magnetic resistance is extremely small, and the magneto-thermal loss is reduced.

Example 2: another general motor using a three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure is shown in connection with fig. 14 to 16, which is the same as embodiment 1, and has three equally divided arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor sets a, B and C, each of which has an included angle of 120 degrees on the circumference, mounted in a closed loop with the main shaft 1 of the motor as the center, and a main shaft toothed disc 2 fixed to the main shaft 1 for outputting motor torque.

And three arc single-phase multi-rotor motor groups are all contained in the motor shell 8, and the two sides of the motor shell are respectively buckled with the motor end cover 9 and the fluted disc end cover 10, wherein a fluted disc oil chamber for sealing the main shaft fluted disc 2 is formed between the motor shell 8 and the fluted disc end cover 10, the main shaft 1 is fixed at the center of the main shaft fluted disc 2, and one end of the main shaft 1 extends out through a central shaft hole arranged on the fluted disc end cover 10. Also, the structure of the small motor constituting each arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor group can be shown with reference to embodiment 1 and fig. 5 and 6.

Unlike embodiment 1, three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor sets on the circumference are provided with a rotary transformer 7 for detecting the magnetic field angle of the rotor 3 at three adjacent positions thereof, thereby controlling the whole motor rotation speed. Each resolver 7 includes a resolver rotor 701 and a resolver stator 702, the resolver rotor 701 is located inside the resolver stator 702, a sensor rotation shaft is fixed to the resolver rotor 701, and a pinion 6a is also fixed to the sensor rotation shaft to mesh with the main shaft fluted disc 2. This design eliminates the need to provide a resolver 7 on the extended end of the rotor shaft 6 as in embodiment 1, and can simplify the assembly of parts and reduce the overall structure of the motor.

The rest of the structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1.

Example 3: further referring to fig. 17-19, a specific embodiment of a hub motor using a three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure as in embodiment 1 is shown, wherein the three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure can be described in embodiment 1, the three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor sets of an arc-shaped a-phase multi-rotor motor set a, an arc-shaped B-phase multi-rotor motor set B and an arc-shaped C-phase multi-rotor motor set C are contained and arranged in a motor housing 8, two sides of the motor housing 8 are respectively fastened and fixed with a motor end cover 9 and a fluted disc end cover 10, a fluted disc oil chamber for sealing the spindle fluted disc 2 is formed between the motor housing 8 and the fluted disc end cover 10, and the spindle 1 is fixed at the center of the spindle fluted disc 2. The hub motor is characterized in that: one end of the main shaft 1 is led out through a central shaft hole arranged on the fluted disc end cover 10 to fix a hub fixing flange 11, the hub fixing flange 11 is used for fixing a hub 13 arranged on the inner side of an automobile tire 12, the other end of the main shaft 1 is supported in a motor shell 8 through a bearing 14, the bearing 14 comprises a bearing inner ring 14a and a bearing outer ring 14b, the bearing inner ring 14a is fixed on the main shaft 1, the bearing outer ring 14b is fixed with the motor shell 8, and the motor shell 8 is fixed with a wheel fixing frame 15 of the automobile.

In the structural design of the hub motor, the bearing capacity of the vehicle body is directly transferred to the bearing outer ring 14b by the automobile tire 12 and then acts on the wheel fixing frame 15, the motor shell 8, the bearing outer ring 14b and the wheel fixing frame 15 are fixed integrally, and the motor shell 8 only needs to provide the supporting force of the motor and does not bear the weight of the vehicle body, so that the strength requirement of the motor shell 8 is greatly reduced, the weight is reduced, and the structure is extremely simple.

17-20, In this embodiment, the motor housing 8 includes a supporting end wall 8a for being fastened and fixed with a fluted disc end cover 10 to form the fluted disc oil chamber, an outer annular wall 8B formed on the supporting end wall 8a, and an inner annular wall 8C located inside the outer annular wall 8B, and annular grooves for embedding three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor sets of A phase, B phase and C phase are formed between the inner annular wall 8C and the outer annular wall 8B; an outer annular cooling water channel 16 surrounding the annular groove is arranged in the outer annular wall 8b, an inner annular cooling water channel 17 surrounding the annular groove is arranged on the inner annular wall 8c, and the motor end cover 9 is buckled with the motor shell 8 to seal the outer annular cooling water channel 16 and the inner annular cooling water channel 17; and the head end of the outer annular cooling water channel 16 is provided with a water inlet, the tail end of the water inlet is communicated with the head end of the inner annular cooling water channel 17, and the tail end of the inner annular cooling water channel 17 is provided with a water outlet.

In practical implementation, the outer periphery of the bearing outer ring 14b may be formed with a plurality of positioning lugs, and the positioning lugs and the supporting end wall 8a are provided with corresponding positioning holes for threading screws to fix the two.

As further shown in fig. 18 and 20, the outer annular cooling water channel 16 and the inner annular cooling water channel 17 are respectively provided with a water inlet end and a water outlet end which are separated by a partition plate 18, wherein:

The water outlet end of the outer annular cooling water channel 16 is communicated with the water inlet end of the inner annular cooling water channel 17 through a communicating water channel 9a arranged in the motor end cover 9, and meanwhile, the motor end cover 9 is provided with an end cover water inlet hole 9b connected with the water inlet end of the outer annular cooling water channel 16 and an end cover water outlet hole 9c connected with the water outlet end of the inner annular cooling water channel 17; and the motor end cover 9 is also fixed with a cooling water cover 19, and the cooling water cover 19 is provided with a water inlet interface 19a connected with the end cover water inlet hole 9b and a water outlet interface 19b connected with the end cover water outlet hole 9 c. In the structural design of the hub motor, the cooling water channels are arranged on the outer annular wall 8b and the inner annular wall 8c of the motor shell 8, so that the two sides of the stator 4 can obtain larger heat dissipation area, and a good heat dissipation effect is achieved.

Referring to fig. 18 and 19 again, in the hub motor of this embodiment, a hollow brake mounting post 20 is disposed at the center of the support end wall 8a, the bearing 14 is located inside the brake mounting post 20, a brake chamber 21 is defined between the support end wall 8a, the inner annular wall 8c of the motor housing 8 and the bearing outer ring 14b of the bearing 14, a drum brake is disposed therein, and includes a brake shoe 22 and a brake drum 23, the brake shoe 22 is fixed on the brake mounting post 20, and the brake drum 23 is fixed with the spindle 1 and located at the periphery of the brake shoe 22; the wheel holder 15 is fixed as a brake chamber cover to the motor housing 8 to close the brake chamber 21. In actual fixation, a plurality of positioning lugs corresponding to the positioning holes can be formed on the outer periphery of the wheel fixing frame 15, the inner periphery of the inner annular wall 8c and the inner periphery of the motor end cover 9, and are used for penetrating screws to fix the wheel fixing frame, the inner annular wall and the motor end cover.

Example 4: fig. 21 to 23 show that the arrangement of cooling water passages (the outer annular cooling water passage 16 and the inner annular cooling water passage 17) in the motor housing 8 is eliminated on the basis of the in-wheel motor of embodiment 3, and instead, an air cooling structure is provided, and the whole other structure can still be described in embodiment 3.

The design characteristics of this wheel hub motor lie in: the hub 13 comprises a hub inner ring 13a fixed with the hub fixing flange 11 and a hub outer ring 13b connected with the hub inner ring 13a through a plurality of connecting ribs, the hub outer ring 13b is positioned at the periphery of the outer annular wall 8b, a cooling air duct 24 for cooling the stator 4 is formed between the hub outer ring 8b and the outer annular wall 8b, a cooling air duct air inlet 24a of the cooling air duct 24 is positioned at one end of the hub 13 opposite to the wheel fixing frame 15, and a cooling air duct air outlet 24b is positioned at one end of the hub 13 where the wheel fixing frame 15 is positioned; a plurality of hub fan blades 25 are formed on the inner wall of the hub outer ring 13b, and a plurality of outer heat dissipation blades 26 are also formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer annular wall 8 b;

An inner chamber of the brake chamber 21 is formed between an inner periphery of the brake drum 23 and an outer periphery of the brake mounting post 20, an outer chamber of the brake chamber 21 is formed between an outer periphery of the brake drum 23 and an inner periphery of the inner annular wall 8c, and a plurality of brake chamber air inlets 27 communicating with the inner chamber and a plurality of brake chamber air outlets 28 communicating with the outer chamber are provided on the wheel holder 15 when the wheel holder is used as a brake chamber cover; and the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 23 is provided with brake drum heat dissipating fins 34, while the inner peripheral surface of the inner annular wall 8c is formed with a plurality of inner heat dissipating fins 29.

Obviously, the air cooling structure is additionally arranged in the embodiment, so that effective heat dissipation is ensured for three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor groups in the motor shell 8 and the brake in the brake cavity.

Example 5: 24-25, the arrangement of cooling water passages (outer annular cooling water passage 16 and inner annular cooling water passage 17) in the motor housing 8 is eliminated on the basis of the hub motor of embodiment 3, and another air-cooled structure of the hub motor is provided, and the whole other structure thereof can be still described in embodiment 3.

The hub 13 comprises a hub inner ring 13a fixed with the hub fixing flange 11 and a hub outer ring 13b connected with the hub inner ring 13a through a plurality of connecting ribs, the hub outer ring 13b is positioned at the periphery of the outer annular wall 8b, a cooling air duct 24 for cooling the stator 4 is formed between the hub outer ring 8b and the outer annular wall 8b, a cooling air duct air inlet 24a of the cooling air duct 24 is positioned at one end of the hub 13 opposite to the wheel fixing frame 15, and a cooling air duct air outlet 24b is positioned at one end of the hub 13 where the wheel fixing frame 15 is positioned; a plurality of hub fan blades 25 are formed on the inner wall of the hub outer ring 13b, and a plurality of outer heat dissipation blades 26 are also formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer annular wall 8 b;

a brake chamber air inlet cover 30 is clamped and fixed between the fluted disc end cover 10 and the supporting end wall 8a, an air inlet gap 31 is reserved between the brake chamber air inlet cover 30 and the supporting end wall 8a, a plurality of ventilation openings 32 which are communicated with the cooling air duct 24 and the air inlet gap 31 are arranged on the periphery of the brake chamber air inlet cover 30, a brake chamber air inlet 27 which is communicated with the brake chamber 21 and the air inlet gap 31 is arranged on the supporting end wall 8a, a brake chamber air outlet 28 which is communicated with the brake chamber 21 is arranged on the wheel fixing frame 15 when the wheel fixing frame 15 is used as the brake chamber cover, brake drum radiating blades 34 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 23, and a plurality of inner radiating blades 29 are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the inner annular wall 8 c.

The above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and implement the same. All modifications made according to the spirit of the main technical proposal of the invention should be covered in the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure is characterized by comprising three equally-divided arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor groups which are installed in a closed loop by taking a main shaft (1) of a motor as a center, and a main shaft fluted disc (2) which is fixed on the main shaft (1) and used for outputting motor torque; each arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor unit is formed by alternately and serially connecting a rotor (3) and a stator (4), a winding slot (4 a) is arranged in the center of the stator (4) and is used for winding a stator coil (5), corresponding semicircular magnetic poles (4 b) are arranged on two sides of the center of the winding slot (4 a), two adjacent permanent magnet rotors (3) are respectively coupled, and each permanent magnet rotor (3) is simultaneously coupled with the semicircular magnetic poles (4 b) of the stators (4) on two adjacent sides to form a small motor; the stator coils (5) of the three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor units are in triangular connection or star connection;

The magnetic field directions of the rotors (3) of the three arc single-phase multi-rotor motor sets are staggered by 120 degrees in sequence, the main shaft fluted disc (2) is meshed with the pinion (6 a) fixed on the rotor shaft (6) of each rotor (3), and when the main shaft fluted disc is meshed, the magnetic field directions of the rotors (3) in each arc single-phase multi-rotor motor set are consistent, so that the main shaft fluted disc (2) is used as a timing gear of the rotors (3) of the three arc single-phase multi-rotor motor sets to limit the angle relation corresponding to the magnetic field of all the rotors (3) so as to drive the rotors (3) of each arc single-phase multi-rotor motor set to continuously operate, and is used as a thrust gear of the rotors (3) of the three arc single-phase multi-rotor motor sets to output motor torque.

2. A three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the rotor shafts (6) is provided with an angular displacement sensor for detecting the angle and angular velocity of the magnetic field of the rotor (3) in any one of the arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor groups, for controlling the rotational speed of the whole motor, and the angular displacement sensor is one of a resolver (7), a solenoid sensor and a hall sensor.

3. A three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor groups on the circumference are provided with an angular displacement sensor on at least one of their three adjacent positions, the angular displacement sensor having a sensor rotation shaft on which the pinion (6 a) is also fixed to engage with the spindle toothed disc (2), and the angular displacement sensor is one of a resolver (7), a solenoid sensor and a hall sensor.

4. A three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that stator coils (5) in the winding slots (4 a) of the stator (4) are wound with flat wire windings.

5. A three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of teeth of the pinion (6 a) is divisible by 3, and the number of teeth of the main shaft fluted disc (2) is divisible by X, x=360 degrees/y, y being the degree of included angle between two adjacent rotors (3) on the circumference.

6. A hub motor employing a three-phase single-layer multi-rotor motor structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The hub motor according to claim 6, further comprising a motor housing (8) for fixing the three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor unit, and a motor end cover (9) and a gear disc end cover (10) fastened and fixed to the motor housing (8) from both sides, respectively, a gear disc oil chamber for sealing the spindle gear disc (2) is formed between the motor housing (8) and the gear disc end cover (10), the spindle (1) is fixed to the center of the spindle gear disc (2), one end of the spindle (1) is led out through a center shaft hole provided in the gear disc end cover (10) to fix a hub fixing flange (11), the hub (13) provided inside a car tire (12) is fixed by the hub fixing flange (11), the other end of the spindle (1) is supported and arranged in the motor housing (8) through a bearing (14), the bearing (14) comprises a bearing inner ring (14 a) and a bearing outer ring (14 b), the bearing inner ring (14 a) is fixed to the spindle (1), the bearing outer ring (14 b) is fixed to the motor housing (8), and the motor housing (8) is fixed to a wheel fixing frame (15) of the car.

8. The in-wheel motor according to claim 7, characterized in that the motor housing (8) includes a support end wall (8 a) for snap-fastening with a fluted disc end cap (10) to form the fluted disc oil chamber, and an outer annular wall (8 b) formed on the support end wall (8 a) and an inner annular wall (8 c) located inside the outer annular wall (8 b), annular grooves for embedding the three arc-shaped single-phase multi-rotor motor groups being formed between the inner annular wall (8 c) and the outer annular wall (8 b); an outer annular cooling water channel (16) surrounding the annular groove is arranged in the outer annular wall (8 b), an inner annular cooling water channel (17) surrounding the annular groove is arranged on the inner annular wall (8 c), and the motor end cover (9) is buckled with the motor shell (8) to seal the outer annular cooling water channel (16) and the inner annular cooling water channel (17); the head end of the outer annular cooling water channel (16) is provided with a water inlet, the tail end of the water inlet is communicated with the head end of the inner annular cooling water channel (17), and the tail end of the inner annular cooling water channel (17) is provided with a water outlet; or the head end of the inner annular cooling water channel (17) is provided with a water inlet, the tail end of the water inlet is communicated with the head end of the outer annular cooling water channel (16), and the tail end of the outer annular cooling water channel (16) is provided with a water outlet; the bearing outer ring (14 b) is fixed with the supporting end wall (8 a), and the wheel fixing frame (15) is fixed with the inner annular wall (8 c).

9. The in-wheel motor according to claim 8, characterized in that the inside of the outer annular cooling water channel (16) and the inside annular cooling water channel (17) are provided with a water inlet end and a water outlet end which are separated by a partition plate (18), wherein:

The water outlet end of the outer annular cooling water channel (16) is communicated with the water inlet end of the inner annular cooling water channel (17) through a communicating water channel (9 a) arranged in the motor end cover (9), an end cover water inlet hole (9 b) connected with the water inlet end of the outer annular cooling water channel (16) and an end cover water outlet hole (9 c) connected with the water outlet end of the inner annular cooling water channel (17) are formed in the motor end cover (9), or the water outlet end of the inner annular cooling water channel (17) is communicated with the water inlet end of the outer annular cooling water channel (16) through a communicating water channel arranged in the motor end cover (9), and an end cover water inlet hole connected with the water inlet end of the inner annular cooling water channel (17) and an end cover water outlet hole connected with the water outlet end of the outer annular cooling water channel (16) are formed in the motor end cover (9);

And a cooling water cover (19) is also fixed on the motor end cover (9), and a water inlet interface (19 a) connected with the end cover water inlet hole (9 b) and a water outlet interface (19 b) connected with the end cover water outlet hole (9 c) are arranged on the cooling water cover (19).

10. The hub motor according to claim 8, wherein the support end wall (8 a) is centrally provided with a hollow brake mounting post (20), the bearing (14) is located inside the brake mounting post (20), a brake chamber (21) is defined between the support end wall (8 a), the inner annular wall (8 c) and the bearing outer ring (14 b) of the bearing (14) of the motor housing (8), a drum brake is provided therein, the drum brake comprises a brake shoe (22) and a brake drum (23), the brake shoe (22) is fixed on the brake mounting post (20), and the brake drum (23) is fixed with the main shaft (1) and located at the periphery of the brake shoe (22); the wheel holder (15) is fastened as a brake chamber cover to the motor housing (8) in order to close the brake chamber (21).

11. The in-wheel motor according to claim 7, characterized in that the top and bottom of the stator (4) are provided with positioning projections (4 c), while the outer wall surface of the inner annular wall (8 c) is provided with positioning grooves (8 d) that match the positioning projections (4 c) of the bottom of the stator (4), while the inner wall surface of the outer annular wall (8 b) is provided with positioning grooves (8 d) that match the positioning projections (4 c) of the top of the stator (4).

12. The hub motor according to claim 10, wherein the hub (13) comprises a hub inner ring (13 a) fixed with the hub fixing flange (11) and a hub outer ring (13 b) connected with the hub inner ring (13 a) through a plurality of connecting ribs, the hub outer ring (13 b) is positioned at the periphery of the outer annular wall (8 b), a cooling air duct (24) for cooling the stator (4) is formed between the hub outer ring and the outer annular wall (8 b), a cooling air duct air inlet (24 a) of the cooling air duct (24) is positioned at one end of the hub (13) opposite to the wheel fixing frame (15), and a cooling air duct air outlet (24 b) is positioned at one end of the hub (13) where the wheel fixing frame (15) is positioned; a plurality of hub blades (25) are formed on the inner wall of the hub outer ring (13 b), and a plurality of outer radiating blades (26) are also formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer annular wall (8 b);

An inner chamber of the brake chamber (21) is formed between the inner periphery of the brake drum (23) and the outer periphery of the brake mounting post (20), an outer chamber of the brake chamber (21) is formed between the outer periphery of the brake drum (23) and the inner periphery of the inner annular wall (8 c), and a plurality of brake chamber air inlets (27) communicated with the inner chamber and a plurality of brake chamber air outlets (28) communicated with the outer chamber are arranged on the wheel fixing frame (15) when the wheel fixing frame is used as a brake chamber cover; and the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum (23) is provided with brake drum heat radiation fins (34), and the inner peripheral surface of the inner annular wall (8 c) is formed with a plurality of inner heat radiation fins (29).

13. The hub motor according to claim 10, wherein the hub (13) comprises a hub inner ring (13 a) fixed with the hub fixing flange (11) and a hub outer ring (13 b) connected with the hub inner ring (13 a) through a plurality of connecting ribs, the hub outer ring (13 b) is positioned at the periphery of the outer annular wall (8 b), a cooling air duct (24) for cooling the stator (4) is formed between the hub outer ring and the outer annular wall (8 b), a cooling air duct air inlet (24 a) of the cooling air duct (24) is positioned at one end of the hub (13) opposite to the wheel fixing frame (15), and a cooling air duct air outlet (24 b) is positioned at one end of the hub (13) where the wheel fixing frame (15) is positioned; a plurality of hub blades (25) are formed on the inner wall of the hub outer ring (13 b), and a plurality of outer radiating blades (26) are also formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer annular wall (8 b);

The brake chamber air inlet cover (30) is clamped and fixed between the fluted disc end cover (10) and the supporting end wall (8 a), an air inlet gap (31) is reserved between the brake chamber air inlet cover (30) and the supporting end wall (8 a), a plurality of ventilation openings (32) which are communicated with the cooling air channels (24) and the air inlet gap (31) are formed in the periphery of the brake chamber air inlet cover (30), a brake chamber air inlet (27) which is communicated with the brake chamber (21) and the air inlet gap (31) is formed in the supporting end wall (8 a), a brake chamber air outlet (28) which is communicated with the brake chamber (21) is formed in the wheel fixing frame (15) when the wheel fixing frame is used as the brake chamber cover, and brake drum radiating blades (34) are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum (23), and a plurality of inner radiating blades (29) are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the inner annular wall (8 c).