CN118268713A - Automatic laser welding device and method for bearing bush - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to an automatic laser welding device and method for bearing bushes, comprising a main body frame and a laser welding assembly, wherein a workbench is arranged in the main body frame, a bush quick positioning assembly and a mechanical arm assembly are respectively arranged on the workbench, the bush quick positioning assembly comprises a positioning plate, a bush opening positioning block is transversely arranged on the upper part of the front surface of the positioning plate in a sliding manner, clamping grooves are respectively formed in two side surfaces of the length direction of the bush opening positioning block, clamping arms capable of automatically resetting are rotatably arranged on the lower part of the front surface of the positioning plate through a fixed shaft, the upper ends of the two clamping arms are respectively connected with a supporting block, positioning through holes are formed in the supporting blocks, the middle part of the front surface of the positioning plate is connected with a supporting table, two movable blocks capable of moving oppositely are connected onto the supporting table through a lifting mechanism, and convex columns are convexly arranged on the two movable blocks. The invention can realize automatic welding, reduce the working strength of workers and improve the product quality, and has the advantages of high welding speed and high production efficiency.

Description

Automatic laser welding device and method for bearing bush

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to an automatic laser welding device and method for a bearing bush.

Background

Spot welding is a common method of welding and securing bearing bushings in a manner that uses the high temperature generated by the passage of electrical current through the contact points between the edges of the bushing to join the bearing bushings together. Spot welding devices also have some limitations. Firstly, the welding strength of the long bearing bush is insufficient, secondly, the electric welding is easy to cause thermal deformation, and for the scene with higher requirement on welding precision, the spot welding mode is not suitable for use

Continuous welding is a way of fully welding bearing bush openings, and the defects of complete fusion and continuous welding of welding seams are overcome by continuously providing welding energy between two edges of the bearing bush, so that continuous welding equipment is complex, operation is difficult, the method is suitable for mass continuous production, continuous welding time is long, and the method is not suitable for scenes requiring high welding speed. However the thickness of the bearing bush is only 0.5mm.

At present, most of domestic lining welding equipment is manual equipment, arc welding is used for welding after manual feeding, man-machine cross operation is performed in the production process, the efficiency is low, the safety is poor, arc welding thin plates are easy to weld through, the product consistency is difficult to guarantee, welding smoke is large, pollution is serious, and arc radiation exists.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the automatic laser welding device and the method for the bearing bush, which can efficiently and environmentally weld the bearing bush, have better welding consistency on the surface of a workpiece, reduce man-machine cross operation, improve production efficiency and safety, have no consumable materials in the processing process and have low use cost.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

The utility model provides an automatic laser welding device of bearing bush, including main body frame and laser welding subassembly, install the workstation in the main body frame, install quick locating component of bush and arm module on the workstation respectively, laser welding subassembly's laser welding head installs the expansion end at arm module, quick locating component of bush includes the locating plate of vertical installation in the workstation top, locating plate front upper portion lateral sliding is provided with the bush opening locating piece that runs through the locating plate perpendicularly and connect actuating mechanism, but be used for joint bush open-ended draw-in groove has been seted up respectively to bush opening locating piece's length direction's both sides face, but the clamp arm that two automatic re-setting in bush opening locating piece both sides of centre gripping is installed through the fixed axle rotation to the positive lower part of locating plate, but the upper end of two clamp arms is connected with the supporting shoe perpendicular with the locating plate respectively, the location through-hole has been seted up on the supporting shoe, locating plate front middle part is connected with the supporting bench, be connected with two movable blocks that correspond to set up in two supporting shoes below and can move in opposite directions on the supporting shoe through elevating system, but the boss that runs through the location through the through-hole and fix a position with the bush grafting round hole is located on two movable blocks.

Furthermore, a centering clamping mechanism capable of butting two openings of the bushing is further arranged on the front surface of the positioning plate on the workbench.

The bearing bush can be clamped and positioned by arranging the centering clamping mechanism, so that the stability of laser welding is ensured.

Further, two clamping arms are vertically connected with a swinging shaft at the same position above the fixed shaft, two arc-shaped guide through grooves for the swinging shaft to vertically penetrate are correspondingly formed in the positioning plate, and the other end of the swinging shaft penetrating through the positioning plate is connected with the back of the positioning plate through a reset spring.

The clamping arms can realize automatic clamping through the elastic action of the moving circumference and the arc-shaped guide through groove matched with the reset spring, and the bearing bush is convenient to automatically splice.

Further, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting cylinder arranged on the supporting table, a piston rod of the lifting cylinder faces upwards and is connected with an arc-shaped lifting rod, and the bottoms of the two movable blocks are provided with sliding sleeves and are sleeved on two sides of the lifting rod in a sliding manner through the sliding sleeves.

The lifting cylinder drives the lifting rod to move up and down through the piston rod, and the lifting rod is utilized to drive the movable block to move up and down, so that the convex column on the movable block is spliced and matched with the round hole on the bearing bush for positioning.

Further, the locating plate is installed on the workbench through the mounting seat, the mounting seat comprises a bottom plate and a vertical plate, the bottom plate is fixed on the workbench through bolts, the vertical plate is vertically connected on the bottom plate, reinforcing ribs are connected between the bottom plate and the vertical plate, and the upper portion of the vertical plate is connected with the locating plate through the connecting plate.

The locating plate passes through the mount pad to be fixed in the workstation top, sets up the strengthening rib between the bottom plate of mount pad and the riser, increases the stability of connection, and riser upper portion passes through the connecting plate and is connected with the locating plate.

Further, one end of each of the two supporting blocks, which is close to the positioning plate, is convexly provided with a boss for positioning the side edge of the opening of the bushing.

The boss is formed on the supporting block, so that the side edge of the bearing bush can be positioned and clamped more conveniently.

Furthermore, the workbench is a four-station rotary workbench, and each station is correspondingly provided with a bushing rapid positioning assembly.

Further, the mechanical arm assembly comprises a bracket, a Z-axis linear module, an X-axis linear module and a laser welding rapid clamping assembly.

The mechanical arm assembly is fixed on the workbench through the support, the laser welding head is clamped and fixed through the rapid clamping assembly, and the position adjustment in different directions is carried out by matching with the Z-axis and X-axis linear modules, so that the stroke action during laser welding is met.

Further, the main body frame is provided with a protective baffle plate on the circumferential direction and the top surface of the workbench, an operation port for feeding and discharging is arranged on the protective baffle plate on the front surface of the main body frame, and safety gratings are arranged on two sides of the operation port.

The main body frame is provided with the protective baffle plate, which can protect during laser welding, is beneficial to the safety of workers, is matched with the safety grating arranged at the operation port, can further increase the use safety,

A welding method of an automated laser welding apparatus for bearing bushes, comprising the steps of:

s1, setting parameters of a laser in a laser welding assembly and running speed and a movement path of a mechanical arm assembly;

s2, starting a four-station rotary workbench to enable the workbench to rotate to a feeding position;

S3, the driving mechanism drives the bushing opening positioning block to transversely move to penetrate through the positioning plate and then extend out of the front surface of the positioning plate, the clamping arms on two sides are propped up, and the bearing bushing to be welded is clamped into clamping grooves on two sides of the bushing opening positioning block;

S4, starting the lifting mechanism to drive the convex column to act upwards and insert the convex column into the round hole of the bushing, and fixing the left side and the right side of the bearing bushing;

S5, the driving mechanism drives the bushing opening positioning block to reversely retract, and the clamping arms at the two sides cooperate with the centering clamping mechanism under the action of the elasticity of the reset spring to splice the openings at the two sides of the bushing together and clamp and position the bushing;

S6, the mechanical arm assembly adjusts the position of the laser welding head and starts to weld the joint of the bearing bush by laser so as to finish automatic welding processing of the bearing bush.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

The invention can position and clamp the bearing bush on the bush quick positioning component, accurately aim the laser welding head at the bush by the mechanical arm, weld the joint of the bearing bush by using laser, and ensure the strength and the tightness of the welding seam by controlling the welding speed. The invention can realize automatic welding, reduce the working strength of workers and improve the product quality.

Utilize the high-efficient green welding bearing bush of laser welding, do not need to expose under high temperature or violent vibration's environment, make welding operation safer, environmental protection, the welding uniformity on work piece surface is better, and laser welding heat affected zone is little, does not receive extra pressure in the welding process, can avoid producing deformation and deformation. The laser energy density is high, the welding seam quality is high, the surface of the welding joint is smooth, the defects of warping, cracking and the like can not be generated, the bearing can run more stably, man-machine cross operation is reduced, and the production efficiency and safety are improved. The processing process has no consumable, and once the processing process is put into use, the cost is low. The four-station rotating platform is matched, and laser welding and feeding and discharging are separated and operated simultaneously, so that the production efficiency is improved, the safety of operators is guaranteed, and the welding device has the advantages of being high in welding speed, high in production efficiency and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall schematic of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a bushing quick positioning assembly for clamping a bearing bushing according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a rear perspective view of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a front view of fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is an elevation view of a bushing quick-position assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a rear view of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a front view of fig. 8.

Fig. 11 is another perspective view of fig. 7.

Fig. 12 is a bottom view of fig. 7.

Fig. 13 is an exploded view of the bushing quick positioning assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a mechanical arm assembly according to the present invention.

The figure shows:

1. The device comprises a main body frame, 2, a laser welding assembly, 3, a workbench, 4, a bushing quick positioning assembly, 5, a mechanical arm assembly, 6, an operation port, 7, a driving mechanism, 8, a bottom plate, 9, a vertical plate, 10, a connecting plate, 11, a positioning plate, 12, a bushing opening positioning block, 13, a bearing bushing, 14, a centering clamping mechanism, 15, a reinforcing rib, 16, a return spring, 17, a convex column, 18, a supporting block, 19, a movable block, 20, a supporting table, 21, a clamping arm, 22, a fixed shaft, 23, a swinging shaft, 24, an arc-shaped guide through groove, 25, a clamping groove, 26, a lifting cylinder, 27, a lifting rod, 28, a sliding sleeve, 29, a boss, 30, a bracket, 31, an X-axis linear module and 32, a Z-axis linear module.

Detailed Description

In order to clearly illustrate the technical characteristics of the scheme, the scheme is explained below through a specific embodiment.

As shown in fig. 1, an automatic laser welding device for bearing bushes comprises a main body frame 1 and a laser welding assembly 2, wherein the main body frame 1 is formed by welding corresponding sizes intercepted by aluminum alloy profiles through bolts and corner codes, foot cups with adjustable heights and casters for moving are arranged below the profiles, a workbench 3 is arranged in the main body frame 1, the workbench 3 is a four-station rotary workbench, and a bush quick positioning assembly 4 is correspondingly arranged at each station. In the invention, the four-station rotary workbench is a product in the prior art, and comprises a four-station divider arranged below the workbench, wherein an 8-in 8-out electric slip ring is arranged below the divider and used for controlling the positioning and clamping actions of the bushing rapid positioning component 4 and the receiving of signals, and the specific structure is not repeated.

As shown in fig. 14, the workbench 3 is provided with a bushing rapid positioning assembly 4 and a mechanical arm assembly 5, a laser welding head of the laser welding assembly 2 is arranged at a movable end of the mechanical arm assembly 5, and the mechanical arm assembly 5 comprises a bracket 30, a Z-axis linear module 32, an X-axis linear module 31 and a laser welding rapid clamping assembly.

The main body frame 1 is provided with a protective baffle plate on the circumferential direction and the top surface of the workbench 3, an operation port 6 for loading and unloading is arranged on the protective baffle plate positioned on the front surface of the main body frame 1, and safety gratings are arranged on two sides of the operation port 6.

As shown in fig. 4-13, the bushing rapid positioning assembly 4 comprises a positioning plate 11 vertically installed above the workbench 3, the positioning plate 11 is installed on the workbench 3 through a mounting seat, the mounting seat comprises a bottom plate 8 and a vertical plate 9, the bottom plate 8 is fixed on the workbench 3 through bolts, the vertical plate 9 is vertically connected to the bottom plate 8, a reinforcing rib 15 is connected between the bottom plate 8 and the vertical plate, and the upper part of the vertical plate 9 is connected with the positioning plate 11 through a connecting plate 10.

The upper part of the front surface of the positioning plate 11 is transversely provided with a bushing opening positioning block 12 which vertically penetrates through the positioning plate 11 and is connected with a driving mechanism 7, the driving mechanism 7 can select an air cylinder, clamping grooves 25 used for clamping bushing openings are respectively formed in two side surfaces of the bushing opening positioning block 12 in the length direction, two clamping arms 21 which are clamped on two sides of the bushing opening positioning block 12 and can automatically reset are rotatably arranged at the lower part of the front surface of the positioning plate 11 through a fixed shaft 22, a swinging shaft 23 is vertically connected to the same positions above the fixed shaft 22 on the two clamping arms 21, two arc-shaped guide through grooves 24 for the swinging shaft 23 to vertically penetrate through are correspondingly formed in the positioning plate 11, and the other end of the swinging shaft 23 penetrating through the positioning plate 11 is connected with the back surface of the positioning plate 11 through a reset spring 16.

The upper ends of the two clamping arms 21 are respectively connected with a supporting block 18 vertical to the positioning plate 11, positioning through holes are formed in the supporting blocks 18, and bosses 29 used for positioning the side edges of the openings of the bearing bushes 13 are formed at one ends of the two supporting blocks 18 close to the positioning plate 11 in a protruding mode. The middle part of the front surface of the positioning plate 11 is connected with a supporting table 20, the supporting table 20 is connected with two movable blocks 19 which are correspondingly arranged below the two supporting blocks 18 and can move oppositely through a lifting mechanism, and the two movable blocks 19 are provided with convex columns 17 which can penetrate through the positioning through holes and are inserted and positioned with round holes of the bearing bush 13. Wherein: the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting cylinder 26 arranged on the supporting table 20, a piston rod of the lifting cylinder 26 is upwards connected with an arc-shaped lifting rod 27, and the bottom surfaces of the two movable blocks 19 are respectively provided with a sliding sleeve 28 and are sleeved on two sides of the lifting rod 27 in a sliding manner through the sliding sleeves 28.

The worktable 3 is also provided with a centering clamping mechanism 14 which can butt joint the two openings of the bearing bush 13 on the front surface of the positioning plate 11.

A welding method of an automated laser welding apparatus for bearing bushes, comprising the steps of:

s1, setting parameters of a laser in a laser welding assembly 2 and running speed and a movement path of a mechanical arm assembly 5;

s2, starting the four-station rotary workbench 3 to enable the workbench to rotate to a feeding position.

S3, a cylinder piston rod of the driving mechanism 7 extends out of the opening positioning block 12 of the driving bushing, transversely moves to penetrate through the positioning plate 11, then extends out of the front face of the positioning plate 11, and supports the clamping arms 21 on two sides, and the two ends of the opening of the bearing bushing 13 to be welded are clamped into the clamping grooves 25 on two sides of the opening positioning block 12 of the bushing respectively through manual feeding.

S4, a lifting cylinder 26 of the lifting mechanism is started, a piston rod extends out of a lifting rod 27 to lift, so that a convex column 17 on the movable block 19 moves upwards and is sequentially inserted into a positioning through hole of the supporting block 18 and a round hole of the bearing bush 13, and the left side and the right side of the bearing bush 13 are fixed on the two supporting blocks 18.

S5, the cylinder piston rod of the driving mechanism 7 is retracted to drive the bushing opening positioning block 12 to be reversely retracted, and the two side clamping arms 21 are matched with the centering clamping mechanism 14 under the action of the elastic force of the reset spring 16 to splice the two side openings of the bearing bushing 13 together and clamp and position the bearing bushing.

S6, the mechanical arm assembly 5 adjusts the position of the laser welding head and starts to weld the joint of the bearing bush 13 by the action of the X-axis linear module 31 and the Z-axis linear module 32 so as to finish the automatic welding processing of the bearing bush 13, and the welding speed is controlled so as to ensure the strength and the tightness of the welding seam.

Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the technical features of the present invention that are not described may be implemented by or by using the prior art, which is not described herein again; the above examples and drawings are only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an automatic laser welding device of bearing bush, includes main body frame and laser welding subassembly, installs the workstation in the main body frame, installs bush quick positioning assembly and arm assembly on the workstation respectively, and laser welding subassembly's laser welding head is installed at the expansion end of arm assembly, its characterized in that: the quick locating component of bush includes the locating plate of vertical installation in the workstation top, the positive upper portion lateral sliding of locating plate is provided with the bush opening locating piece that runs through the locating plate perpendicularly and connect actuating mechanism, the draw-in groove that is used for joint bush open-ended is offered respectively to the both sides face of bush opening locating piece, but the clamp arm of two automatic re-setting of centre gripping in bush opening locating piece both sides is installed through the fixed axle rotation to the positive lower part of locating plate, the upper end of two clamp arms is connected with respectively with locating plate vertically supporting shoe, the location through-hole has been offered on the supporting shoe, the positive middle part of locating plate is connected with the supporting bench, be connected with two movable blocks that correspond to set up in two supporting shoes below and can move in opposite directions through elevating system on the supporting bench, all protruding being equipped with on two movable blocks can run through the location through-hole and peg graft the projection of location with the bush round hole.

2. The automated laser welding apparatus of a bearing cartridge of claim 1, wherein: the workbench is also provided with a centering clamping mechanism which can butt-joint the two openings of the bushing on the front surface of the positioning plate.

3. The automated laser welding apparatus of a bearing cartridge of claim 1, wherein: the two clamping arms are vertically connected with a swinging shaft at the same position above the fixed shaft, two arc-shaped guide through grooves for the swinging shaft to vertically penetrate are correspondingly formed in the positioning plate, and the other end of the swinging shaft penetrating through the positioning plate is connected with the back of the positioning plate through a reset spring.

4. The automated laser welding apparatus of a bearing cartridge of claim 1, wherein: the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting cylinder arranged on the supporting table, a piston rod of the lifting cylinder faces upwards and is connected with an arc-shaped lifting rod, and the bottoms of the two movable blocks are respectively provided with a sliding sleeve and are arranged on two sides of the lifting rod through sliding sleeves in a sliding sleeve mode.

5. The automated laser welding apparatus of a bearing cartridge of claim 1, wherein: the locating plate passes through the mount pad to be installed on the workstation, and the mount pad includes bottom plate and riser, and the bottom plate passes through the bolt fastening on the workstation, and the riser is connected perpendicularly on the bottom plate, and is connected with the strengthening rib between the two, and riser upper portion passes through the connecting plate and is connected with the locating plate.

6. The automated laser welding apparatus of a bearing cartridge of claim 1, wherein: one end of each supporting block, which is close to the positioning plate, is convexly provided with a boss for positioning the side edge of the opening of the bushing.

7. The automated laser welding apparatus of a bearing cartridge of claim 1, wherein: the workbench is a four-station rotary workbench, and each station is correspondingly provided with a bushing rapid positioning assembly.

8. The automated laser welding apparatus of a bearing cartridge of claim 1, wherein: the mechanical arm assembly comprises a bracket, a Z-axis linear module, an X-axis linear module and a laser welding rapid clamping assembly.

9. The automated laser welding apparatus of a bearing cartridge of claim 1, wherein: the main body frame is provided with a protective baffle plate on the peripheral direction and the top surface of the workbench, an operation port for loading and unloading is arranged on the protective baffle plate on the front surface of the main body frame, and safety gratings are arranged on two sides of the operation port.

10. A method of welding an automated laser welding apparatus for bearing bushes according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, setting parameters of a laser in a laser welding assembly and running speed and a movement path of a mechanical arm assembly;

s2, starting a four-station rotary workbench to enable the workbench to rotate to a feeding position;

S3, the driving mechanism drives the bushing opening positioning block to transversely move to penetrate through the positioning plate and then extend out of the front surface of the positioning plate, the clamping arms on two sides are propped up, and the bearing bushing to be welded is clamped into clamping grooves on two sides of the bushing opening positioning block;

S4, starting the lifting mechanism to drive the convex column to act upwards and insert the convex column into the round hole of the bushing, and fixing the left side and the right side of the bearing bushing;

S5, the driving mechanism drives the bushing opening positioning block to reversely retract, and the clamping arms at the two sides cooperate with the centering clamping mechanism under the action of the elasticity of the reset spring to splice the openings at the two sides of the bushing together and clamp and position the bushing;

S6, the mechanical arm assembly adjusts the position of the laser welding head and starts to weld the joint of the bearing bush by laser so as to finish automatic welding processing of the bearing bush.