CN118240578A - Method for generating electricity by coupling waste incineration in biomass activated carbon production - Google Patents
Method for generating electricity by coupling waste incineration in biomass activated carbon production Download PDFInfo
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011276 wood tar Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 3
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003439 heavy metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for generating electricity by coupling waste incineration in biomass activated carbon production, and belongs to the technical field of waste power generation. The technical proposal is as follows: forestry garbage and agricultural straws are used as biomass raw materials, and the electric power of a power plant and high-temperature steam are used as heat sources to realize carbonization of biomass and activation of biomass charcoal; all wood gas is produced in the carbonization and biomass charcoal activation processes, and is purified to be used as auxiliary fuel of a garbage power plant incinerator, biomass activated charcoal is produced in an electric heating mode, so that the problems of biomass combustion process, no smoke generation and no waste gas emission are solved; the produced wood gas CO 2 and nitrogen oxides have low content and high heat value, and can reach the standard of biological natural gas. The invention has the positive effects that: not only saves the expense of purchasing natural gas and active carbon adsorbent in the power plant, but also can sell active carbon to increase the economic income of the power plant; the steam required for drying and activating the biomass is provided by a waste heat boiler of a waste incineration power generation system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for generating electricity by coupling waste incineration in biomass activated carbon production, and belongs to the technical field of waste power generation.
Background
According to the technical Specification for household garbage incineration treatment engineering (CJJ 90-2009) (hereinafter referred to as "Specification"), a garbage incineration plant should include a receiving, storing and feeding system, an incineration system, a combustion auxiliary system, a flue gas purifying system, an ash treatment system, and other auxiliary systems. In an incineration system, the standard requires that the temperature of an incinerator is above 850 ℃, and flue gas stays for 2s, so that dioxin generated during garbage incineration is decomposed; when the low-grade heat value of the garbage is 4200-5000 kJ/kg, auxiliary fuel must be added to meet the requirement. The regulations allow the added auxiliary fuel to be an oil fuel or a gas fuel, and in the case of low waste heat value, if the auxiliary fuel is added, the operation cost of the waste incineration power plant can be obviously increased. Another function of the combustion-assist system is to ensure that the furnace temperature is maintained above 850 ℃ for 15 minutes without any waste input during start-up and shut-down of the waste incinerator. The flue gas purification system captures hydrogen chloride, sulfur dioxide, oxynitride and heavy metal oxide in the flue gas by using a neutralizer, an absorber and an adsorbent so that the flue gas reaches the emission standard. Currently, activated carbon injection is a widely used adsorbent for adsorbing heavy metals and dioxins.
A garbage power generation system generally comprises: waste heat boilers, steam turbines, and generators. The waste heat boiler is a heat exchange device for heating water to a certain temperature and pressure by utilizing heat energy released by garbage combustion. The steam parameters of the waste heat boiler are not suitable to be lower than 450 ℃ and 4MPa. High temperature and high pressure steam is also a raw material for producing activated carbon.
Biomass activated carbon production generally includes: shaping, drying, carbonization and activation of biomass, and purification of wood gas and purification of condensable substances generated during carbonization and activation. In the case of self-heating carbonization furnaces and activation furnaces, wood gas generated by combustion per se is required to be discharged up to the standard and a treatment system of ash residues is also required. The production cost of the activated carbon is continuously increased due to the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements.
The drying of biomass can use electricity, steam, hot air and the like as heat sources to reduce the water content of biomass raw materials to a certain degree. The carbonization of biomass is a process of producing solid biochar, biological tar and combustible gas by thermal decomposition and volatile removal of biomass under the condition of limited oxygen supply or complete oxygen deficiency. The carbonization temperature of biomass is about 550 ℃, and an external heat source is also required. The biomass charcoal is activated by physical activation, chemical activation and other methods, and the simpler activation method is steam activation, so that steam can be fully diffused into micropores of the charcoal, the activation reaction can be uniformly carried out in the whole charcoal particles, and the activated charcoal with large specific surface area and strong adsorption capacity is obtained. The reaction equation is as follows:
C+H2O=H2+CO-129.7kJ ①
It can be seen that the combustible gases H 2 and CO generated during the biomass charcoal vapor activation process are endothermic reactions, requiring an external heat source.
In conclusion, the two production processes of biomass activated carbon production and garbage incineration power generation are coupled together, so that the two production processes complement each other, the two processes are mutually compatible, and waste is changed into valuable, so that a considerable economic effect is achieved. The prior art has explored a series of ways, such as:
Chinese patent CN214880240U provides a system for biomass preparation activated carbon coupled with garbage incineration power generation, and the technical scheme is: the tail gas generated by the biomass preparation activated carbon system and the tail gas generated by the garbage incineration power generation system are jointly purified by the flue gas purification equipment in the garbage incineration power generation system, so that the secondary investment is effectively avoided; biomass is input into the carbonization furnace through the biomass input end, an air source is started to input air into the carbonization furnace, the temperature in the carbonization furnace is ensured to reach 400-500 ℃, the biomass is carbonized and partially combusted, carbonized biomass coke is transferred into the activation furnace, and combustible gas is input into the secondary combustion chamber. Because the method needs to burn part of biomass to produce biomass charcoal and combustible gas, the process is essentially a smoldering process of preparing charcoal by an earth method, the carbonization temperature is completely dependent on the quantity of the burned biomass, the produced combustible gas contains more CO 2, and the produced biomass charcoal contains more burnt ash and has uneven carbonization degree.
The Chinese patent CN1377826A provides a method for preparing active carbon by coupling a garbage incinerator with an activation furnace, and the core of the technical scheme is that the high temperature generated by the garbage incinerator is utilized to reach the temperature required by activation, the tail gas of the garbage incinerator is utilized as an oxidant required by activation, and the tail gas of the garbage incinerator returns to the garbage incinerator for re-combustion. Although this patent application does not describe the power generation process, the prior art waste incineration project is basically cogeneration. The essence of the production of active carbon from the tail gas of the incinerator is that CO 2 in the tail gas is used as an activator, and theoretically pure CO 2 can be used as the activator, and the reaction equation is that
C+CO2=2CO-173.2kJ ②
The energy required is greater than chemical equation ①, and the reaction rate is one third of that of equation ①. However, the tail gas from garbage incineration is not feasible because the tail gas contains a large amount of pollutants besides CO 2, and in fact, the active carbon is used as an adsorbent for flue gas pollutants in garbage incineration power plants.
Chinese patent CN207276565U provides a biomass gasification and refuse incineration coupling system, where biomass is gasified at 800 ℃, and the temperature of fuel gas is reduced to 400-450 ℃ by an economizer and sent to an incinerator for combustion. The purpose of reducing the temperature of the fuel gas to 400-450 ℃ is to keep tar in the fuel gas from condensing, but the fuel gas contains tar and pyroligneous liquor, so that the fuel gas has strong corrosion effect on metal pipelines at high temperature. The high temperatures of gasifiers are produced by burning biomass, where a large amount of biomass is burned and as described in the patent "solid carbonaceous ash" is produced, some of which is used to produce modified activated carbon and some of which is incinerated with refuse. The biomass related to this patent application is removed to make a small portion of inferior activated carbon with extremely high ash content, and most of the inferior activated carbon is burnt in a gas or solid form, which is unfavorable for carbon emission reduction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing coupling garbage incineration power generation by using biomass activated carbon, which is characterized in that biomass combustion process, smoke and waste gas emission problem are not generated in the process of producing biomass activated carbon by using an electric heating mode, and the produced wood gas CO 2 and nitrogen oxide have low content and high heat value, and can reach the standard of biological natural gas; not only saves the expense of purchasing natural gas and active carbon adsorbent in the power plant, but also can sell active carbon to increase the economic income of the power plant; the steam required for drying and activating the biomass is provided by a waste heat boiler of a waste incineration power generation system, so that the technical problems existing in the prior art are solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
A method for producing coupling garbage incineration power generation by using biomass activated carbon uses forestry garbage and agricultural straw as biomass raw materials, and uses self power and high-temperature steam of a power plant as heat sources to realize carbonization of biomass and activation of biomass carbon; all wood gas is produced in the carbonization and biomass charcoal activation processes, and is purified to be used as auxiliary fuel of a garbage power plant incinerator, biomass activated charcoal is produced in an electric heating mode, so that the problems of biomass combustion process, no smoke generation and no waste gas emission are solved; the produced wood gas CO 2 and nitrogen oxides have low content and high heat value, and can reach the standard of biological natural gas.
Further, the forestry garbage and the agricultural straws are biomass raw materials, and after being transported to a garbage incineration power plant together with the common garbage, the raw materials firstly enter a classification system to separate the forestry garbage and the agricultural straws from the common garbage, and then enter an activated carbon production process and an incineration power generation process respectively.
The prior art garbage incineration power plant burns forestry garbage, agricultural straws and other household garbage without realizing carbon solidification, and completely converts the forestry garbage, the agricultural straws and the household garbage into CO 2 after combustion; the present invention aims to solve this problem.
Because the forestry garbage and the agricultural straw are mixed with the common garbage and transported to the garbage incineration power plant, and are not biomass raw materials purchased by the garbage power plant, all the common garbage needs to be classified after entering the garbage incineration power plant, and the classification is a procedure of the garbage incineration process; the common garbage also contains toxic and harmful substances, incombustible construction garbage and the like, and forestry garbage and agricultural straws are firstly separated as biomass raw materials to be used as active carbon; compared with other garbage, the forestry garbage and the agricultural straw contain more lignin.
Further, the production flow of the activated carbon utilizes the sorted biomass garbage with relatively large lignin, and the biomass garbage enters a high-temperature electric dry distillation kettle after being crushed and dried; the biomass garbage is pyrolyzed in a high-temperature electric carbonization kettle, the overflowed volatile component is wood gas, most macromolecular substances in the wood gas are cracked into non-condensable micromolecular gases through a high-temperature cracking kettle, and then the residual condensable substances are separated through a purifier: wood vinegar and wood tar; the purified wood gas is sent into a gas storage tank and used as gas for an auxiliary combustion system in the incineration power generation process; the residual solid part of the carbonization is charcoal, and the charcoal becomes active carbon after vapor activation.
Further, the common garbage entering the incineration power generation process is stored in a garbage storage pool, naturally dried, fermented and leached out of water, and leachate is treated by a leachate treatment system; after 5-7 days, the common garbage is fed into an incinerator, the temperature of the incinerator is automatically controlled to be above 850 ℃, and when the heat value of the common garbage is low and the temperature of the incinerator is lower than 850 ℃, a combustion auxiliary system is started, and the temperature of the incinerator is increased by using wood gas; the incinerator heats water in the waste heat boiler to generate steam to push the steam turbine to rotate, so as to drive the generator to rotate and generate electricity; most of the electric power is sent to a power grid for sale, and part of the electric power is used for heating a high-temperature electric dry distillation kettle and a carbon activation kettle in an active carbon production line.
Further, the slag remained after the garbage incineration of the incinerator and the fly ash remained after the dust removal of the flue gas are directly buried or used as building materials; the purified flue gas is exhausted from the chimney through the induced draft fan.
The process of the invention is characterized in that: biomass activated carbon production coupling garbage incineration power generation; adding a sorting process of garbage after feeding in the garbage power plant; the wood gas obtained by carbonization is used as combustion auxiliary gas of a power plant, and the power plant is self-powered and used as an energy source for carbonization and carbon activation.
The invention has the positive effects that: the biomass activated carbon produced by the electric heating method has no biomass combustion process, no smoke generation and no waste gas emission, and the produced wood gas CO 2 and nitrogen oxides have low content and high heat value, so that the standard of biological natural gas can be reached; not only saves the expense of purchasing natural gas and active carbon adsorbent in the power plant, but also can sell active carbon to increase the economic income of the power plant; the steam required for drying and activating the biomass is provided by a waste heat boiler of a waste incineration power generation system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
In the figure: the garbage classification workshop 1, a garbage storage pool 2, a leachate pool 3, a garbage grab bucket 4, an incinerator 5, an auxiliary burner 6, a waste heat boiler 7, a steam turbine 8, a generator 9, a flue gas dust removal and purification 10, an induced draft fan 11, a chimney 12, forestry, a straw storage bin 13, a pulverizer 14, a dryer 15, a lifting machine 16, a carbonization kettle 17, a screw conveyor 18, a carbon activation kettle 19, a high-temperature cracking unit 20, a wood gas purification unit 21 and a residue collection tank 22.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for generating electricity by coupling garbage incineration with biomass activated carbon production uses forestry garbage and agricultural straws as biomass raw materials, and uses the power of a power plant and high-temperature steam as heat sources to realize carbonization of biomass and activation of biomass carbon; all wood gas is produced in the carbonization and biomass charcoal activation processes, and is purified and used as auxiliary fuel of a garbage power plant incinerator, biomass activated charcoal produced in an electric heating mode does not have the problems of biomass combustion process, no smoke generation and no waste gas emission, and the produced wood gas CO 2 and nitrogen oxide have low content and high heat value, so that the standard of biological natural gas can be achieved.
The forestry garbage and the agricultural straws are biomass raw materials, and after being transported to a garbage incineration power plant together with common garbage, the raw materials firstly enter a classification system to separate the forestry garbage and the agricultural straws from the common garbage, and then enter an activated carbon production process and an incineration power generation process respectively.
The production process of the activated carbon utilizes the sorted biomass garbage with relatively large lignin, and the biomass garbage enters a high-temperature electric dry distillation kettle after being crushed and dried; the biomass garbage is pyrolyzed in a high-temperature electric carbonization kettle, the overflowed volatile component is wood gas, most macromolecular substances in the wood gas are cracked into non-condensable micromolecular gases through a high-temperature cracking kettle, and then the residual condensable substances are separated through a purifier: wood vinegar and wood tar; the purified wood gas is sent into a gas storage tank and used as combustion auxiliary gas for the incineration power generation process; the residual solid part of the carbonization is charcoal, and the charcoal becomes active carbon after vapor activation.
Storing the common garbage entering the incineration power generation process in a garbage storage pool, naturally drying, fermenting and leaching out water, wherein leachate is treated by a leachate treatment system; after 5-7 days, the common garbage is fed into an incinerator, the temperature of the incinerator is automatically controlled to be above 850 ℃, and when the heat value of the common garbage is low and the temperature of the incinerator is lower than 850 ℃, a combustion auxiliary system is started, and the temperature of the incinerator is increased by using wood gas; the incinerator heats water in the waste heat boiler to generate steam to push the steam turbine to rotate, so as to drive the generator to rotate and generate electricity; and one part of the electric power is sent to a power grid for sale, and the other part of the electric power is used for heating a high-temperature electric dry distillation kettle and a carbon activation kettle in an active carbon production line.
Slag remained after the garbage incineration of the incinerator and fly ash remained after the flue gas dust removal are directly buried or used as building materials; the purified flue gas is exhausted from the chimney through the induced draft fan.
Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment, the present invention is a reciprocal coupling of a waste incineration power plant and a biomass activated carbon production plant. Comprising the following steps: a garbage classification plant 1, a garbage storage pool 2, a leachate pool 3, a garbage grab 4, an incinerator 5, an auxiliary burner 6, a waste heat boiler 7, a steam turbine 8, a generator 9, a flue gas dust removal and purification 10, an induced draft fan 11, a chimney 12, forestry, a straw storage bin 13, a pulverizer 14, a dryer 15, a hoist 16, a carbonization tank 17, a screw conveyor 18, a carbon activation tank 19, a pyrolysis unit 20, a wood gas purification unit 21, a residue collection tank 22 and a gas storage tank (shown in fig. 1).
The biomass activated carbon production is coupled with the garbage incineration power generation to be produced and managed as a whole. The main parameters of the system are as follows:
garbage disposal amount: 600t/d;
And (3) a garbage storage pool: each 20 m long and wide, 15 m high, about 6000 tons of garbage are stored;
forestry garbage and agricultural straw treatment amount: 70t/d. Factory floor storage volume: 500t;
An air storage tank: 1500m 3;
Generating capacity: 12MW;
Activated carbon yield: 24t/d.
After the garbage is transported to a factory, the garbage is classified in a classification workshop 1, and forestry garbage and straw garbage are stored in a forestry and straw storage bin 13. The normal waste is stored in a waste storage tank 2 where it is fermented, dried and leached with water. The garbage storage pool 2 is connected with the leachate pool 3, and leachate enters a leachate treatment system.
After the common garbage is stored for 5-7 days, the common garbage is sent into the incinerator 5 by the grab bucket 4. The garbage entering the furnace can be quickly heated, dried, pyrolyzed, gasified and combusted under the action of high-temperature smoke flow and radiant heat in the furnace body from bottom to top, and the generated mixed smoke enters an auxiliary combustion chamber and is fully combusted at the high temperature of 850-1000 ℃.
If the combustion of the waste itself cannot reach 900 ℃, the auxiliary burner 6 is started. The flue gas passes through the waste heat boiler 7, is subjected to flue gas dust removal and purification 10, and is sent into a chimney 12 by an induced draft fan 11 to be discharged into the atmosphere.
The waste heat boiler 7 exchanges heat with the flue gas to generate superheated steam at the temperature of 6.5MPa and 490 ℃. The high-temperature steam generated by the waste heat boiler 7 is introduced into the steam turbine 8 through a pipeline to perform the work of converting heat energy into mechanical energy. Under the action of high-temperature superheated steam, the steam turbine pushes the generator 9 to rotate, and converts mechanical energy into electric energy to be output to a power grid.
Slag or fly ash is produced in the incinerator 5, the waste heat boiler 7 and the flue gas dust removal and purification 10, and the volume of the residual substances after combustion is reduced by more than 80% compared with that of the original garbage. Collected by the residue collection tank 22 and then landfilled or used as a building material.
The raw materials in the forestry and straw storage bin 13 are crushed by the crusher 14 and then enter the dryer 15, and the dryer uses the waste heat boiler 7 to produce steam for drying the raw materials, so that the water content of the raw materials reaches about 10%. The dried raw material enters a carbonization kettle 17 through a lifting machine 16. The retort 17 is electrically heated, the temperature in the retort is kept at 800 ℃, the raw materials are heated, pyrolyzed and gasified volatile matters are all overflowed after 120 minutes of high temperature, the raw materials enter a high-temperature pyrolysis kettle 20 from a pipeline at the bottom of the retort, the high-temperature pyrolysis kettle 20 is electrically heated, the temperature is kept at 1050 ℃, macromolecular substances in wood gas are cracked into micromolecular condensable gases, then the wood gas enters a cooling and purifying unit 21, and wood vinegar and a small amount of wood tar are separated after the wood gas is cooled. The cleaned wood gas is stored in the gas storage tank 22.
After the raw materials are completely dry distilled in the dry distillation kettle 17, the raw materials enter a carbon activation kettle 19 through a screw conveyor 18. The carbon activation kettle is electrically heated to 800 ℃, and is introduced into a waste heat boiler 7 to generate steam as an activating agent, and is activated for 120 minutes, and the gas (mainly H 2 and CO) generated by activation enters a high-temperature cracking kettle 20. The activated product, namely the activated carbon, is used as an adsorbent for the flue gas dust removal and purification 10, and the rest of the activated product is sold for profit.
Claims (5)
1. A method for producing coupling garbage incineration power generation by using biomass activated carbon is characterized by comprising the following steps of: forestry garbage and agricultural straws are used as biomass raw materials, and the electric power of a power plant and high-temperature steam are used as heat sources to realize carbonization of biomass and activation of biomass charcoal; all wood gas is produced in the carbonization and biomass charcoal activation processes, and is purified to be used as auxiliary fuel of garbage power plant incinerator, biomass activated charcoal is produced by electric heating, biomass combustion process is not existed, smoke is not produced, and waste gas emission problem is not existed.
2. The method for producing coupled waste incineration power generation by using biomass activated carbon according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the forestry garbage and the agricultural straws are biomass raw materials, and after being transported to a garbage incineration power plant together with common garbage, the raw materials firstly enter a classification system to separate the forestry garbage and the agricultural straws from the common garbage, and then enter an activated carbon production process and an incineration power generation process respectively.
3. The method for producing coupled waste incineration power generation by using biomass activated carbon according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the production process of the activated carbon utilizes the sorted biomass garbage with relatively large lignin, and the biomass garbage enters a high-temperature electric dry distillation kettle after being crushed and dried; the biomass garbage is pyrolyzed in a high-temperature electric carbonization kettle, the overflowed volatile component is wood gas, most macromolecular substances in the wood gas are cracked into non-condensable micromolecular gases through a high-temperature cracking kettle, and then the residual condensable substances are separated through a purifier: wood vinegar and wood tar; the purified wood gas is sent into a gas storage tank and used as the gas for the incineration power generation process; the residual solid part of the carbonization is charcoal, and the charcoal becomes active carbon after vapor activation.
4. A method for producing coupled waste incineration power generation by using biomass activated carbon according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that: storing the common garbage entering the incineration power generation process in a garbage storage pool, naturally drying, fermenting and leaching out water, wherein leachate is treated by a leachate treatment system; after 5-7 days, the common garbage is fed into an incinerator, the temperature of the incinerator is automatically controlled to be above 850 ℃, and when the heat value of the common garbage is low and the temperature of the incinerator is lower than 850 ℃, a combustion auxiliary system is started, and the temperature of the incinerator is increased by using wood gas; the incinerator heats water in the waste heat boiler to generate steam to push the steam turbine to rotate, so as to drive the generator to rotate and generate electricity; and one part of the electric power is sent to a power grid for sale, and the other part of the electric power is used for heating a high-temperature electric dry distillation kettle and a carbon activation kettle in an active carbon production line.
5. The method for producing the coupled waste incineration power generation by using the biomass activated carbon according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: slag remained after the garbage incineration of the incinerator and fly ash remained after the flue gas dust removal are directly buried or used as building materials; the purified flue gas is exhausted from the chimney through the induced draft fan.
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