CN118231855A - Energy storage box and system with thermal runaway prevention function - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an energy storage box and a system with a thermal runaway prevention function. The energy storage box comprises a battery cabinet and a liquid cooling assembly. The battery cabinet is provided with a battery compartment capable of accommodating the battery module, an aerosol releasing module and a detection trigger are arranged at the top of the battery compartment, and the aerosol releasing module is electrically connected with the detection trigger; the liquid cooling assembly comprises a liquid cooling box, a control valve and a connecting pipe, wherein the liquid cooling box is communicated with the battery bin through the connecting pipe, the control valve is arranged on the connecting pipe, and the control valve corresponds to the detection trigger signal. Furthermore, in the embodiment of the invention, the aerosol releasing module is further arranged at the top of each battery compartment, so that the combustion reaction can be stopped, and the prevention effect on the thermal runaway of the battery is improved. Therefore, the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function has the advantage of good effect of inhibiting fire spreading.

Description

Energy storage box and system with thermal runaway prevention function

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage batteries, in particular to an energy storage box and system with a thermal runaway prevention function.

Background

At present, in the field of new energy, the energy storage battery system is widely used and popularized due to the characteristics of high integration level, high efficiency, environmental protection, sustainable operation and the like. However, because the energy density of the energy storage system is concentrated, the whole container is easily endangered once a safety accident occurs, and the consequences are quite serious. For example, when a thermal runaway occurs in a certain cell pack of the energy storage container, if the thermal runaway cannot be controlled in time, flames generated by the thermal runaway are very easy to ignite surrounding non-runaway battery modules, and further spread of the thermal runaway is caused. In the thermal runaway process of the battery module, the positive electrode decomposition reaction can generate oxygen, and the thermal runaway process of the lithium ion battery has the characteristic of self acceleration along with high heat release rate. Common fire-fighting means (such as spraying fire-fighting liquid) can usually extinguish fire on open fire generated by thermal runaway, but has limited cooling effect and re-ignition prevention effect in battery packs.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides an energy storage box with a thermal runaway prevention function. The energy storage box has the advantages of dual protection of prevention and fire extinguishment.

The embodiment of the invention also provides an energy storage system with a thermal runaway prevention function.

The energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function comprises a battery cabinet and a liquid cooling assembly.

The battery cabinet is provided with a battery compartment capable of accommodating the battery module, an aerosol releasing module and a detection trigger are arranged at the top of the battery compartment, and the aerosol releasing module is electrically connected with the detection trigger; the liquid cooling assembly comprises a liquid cooling box, a control valve and a connecting pipe, wherein the liquid cooling box is communicated with the battery bin through the connecting pipe, the control valve is arranged on the connecting pipe, and the control valve corresponds to the detection trigger signal.

According to the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function, the detection trigger can detect the temperature rise in the battery module through the aerosol release module arranged at the top of each battery compartment, and once the temperature rise in the battery module reaches the set threshold (when the battery module is in thermal runaway), the detection trigger sends a signal to the aerosol release module, so that a large amount of aerosol can be released by the aerosol release module immediately. At this time, the aerosol is rapidly sprayed to the fire area. The aerosol can efficiently absorb and neutralize combustion free radicals in flame, so as to realize termination of combustion reaction and improve the prevention effect on thermal runaway of the battery.

In addition, this energy storage case is through the liquid cooling subassembly that is linked together with the battery compartment, when thermal runaway takes place, takes place thermal runaway's electric core module and submerges in the coolant liquid with whole, further reinforces the cooling effect. And thus, the spread of thermal runaway is reduced, and flames are controlled in the single battery module as much as possible. Thus, the aerosol works in conjunction with the liquid cooled assembly to further prevent the spread of fire. Furthermore, the temperature control effect and the running safety of the battery module are further improved.

Therefore, the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function has the advantage of good effect of inhibiting fire spreading.

In some embodiments, the battery cabinets each have a plurality of battery bins, the battery modules have a plurality of groups, the plurality of groups of battery modules can be arranged in the plurality of battery bins in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and each battery bin is communicated with the liquid cooling assembly.

In some embodiments, the liquid cooling assembly has a plurality of liquid cooling boxes, and each liquid cooling box of the liquid cooling assembly is communicated with a plurality of battery bins in a one-to-one correspondence through the connecting pipe.

In some embodiments, the connecting tube comprises a primary liquid cooling tube, a plurality of secondary liquid cooling tubes and a plurality of tertiary liquid cooling tubes, wherein the primary liquid cooling tube is communicated with the liquid cooling box, the secondary liquid cooling tubes are communicated with the primary liquid cooling tube, and the tertiary liquid cooling tubes are communicated between the battery compartment and the secondary liquid cooling tubes.

In some embodiments, the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function further comprises a spraying branch pipe and a control valve, wherein the spraying branch pipe is communicated with the secondary liquid cooling pipeline, the spraying branch pipe is arranged in parallel with the tertiary liquid cooling pipeline, the spraying branch pipe penetrates through the battery bin, the control valve is arranged on the spraying branch pipe, and the control valve is electrically connected with the aerosol release module and the detection trigger.

In some embodiments, the total cross-sectional area of the plurality of secondary liquid cooling conduits is greater than the cross-sectional area of the primary liquid cooling conduit, and the total cross-sectional area of the plurality of tertiary liquid cooling conduits is greater than the total cross-sectional area of the plurality of secondary liquid cooling conduits.

In some embodiments, the liquid cooling box is disposed on the outer side of the side wall of the battery cabinet, the primary liquid cooling pipeline is connected with the liquid cooling box, the secondary liquid cooling pipelines extend along the height direction of the battery cabinet, the tertiary liquid cooling pipelines comprise a connected bent pipe section and a fire-fighting spray head section, the bent pipe section is connected with the liquid cooling box, and the fire-fighting spray head section penetrates into the battery cabinet and is communicated with the battery compartment.

In some embodiments, the liquid cooling tank comprises a liquid storage tank and a circulating power pump, the liquid storage tank is arranged at the top of the battery cabinet, the circulating power pump is arranged on the primary liquid cooling pipeline, cooling liquid is contained in the liquid storage tank, and a liquid outlet of the battery cabinet can be communicated with the liquid cooling tank.

In some embodiments, the liquid storage tank comprises a tank body and a one-way air inlet valve arranged at the top of the tank body so as to avoid negative pressure of parameters in the tank body from influencing the flow rate of the cooling liquid.

In some embodiments, the aerosol release module includes a storage tank for storing the aerosol solution, the storage tank being disposed at a top of the battery compartment, and an injection valve disposed on an injection port of the storage tank to inject the aerosol solution into the battery compartment in the event of thermal runaway.

In some embodiments, the detection trigger is a temperature sensitive detector.

In some embodiments, the capacity of the liquid cooling box is 5-20 times of the volume of a single battery compartment, the wall surface of the battery compartment is of a double-layer hollow structure, and the liquid cooling box is communicated with the wall surface of the battery compartment so as to cool the battery module.

The energy storage system with the thermal runaway prevention function comprises a battery module and the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function, wherein the battery module is arranged in the battery compartment.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage tank with a thermal runaway prevention function according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a thermal runaway prevention energy storage tank feedback process at thermal runaway according to one embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a feedback process of the thermal runaway prevention function of the tank according to another embodiment.

Reference numerals:

A battery cabinet 1; a battery compartment 11; a battery module 12;

a liquid cooling assembly 2; a liquid cooling tank 21; a control valve 22; a connection pipe 23;

A secondary liquid cooling conduit 231; a three stage liquid cooling conduit 232;

An aerosol release module 3; the trigger 4 is detected.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

An energy storage tank and system with thermal runaway prevention function according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.

The energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function comprises a battery cabinet 1 and a liquid cooling assembly 2.

The battery cabinet 1 is provided with a battery compartment 11 capable of accommodating a battery module 12, an aerosol releasing module 3 and a detection trigger 4 are arranged at the top of the battery compartment 11, and the aerosol releasing module 3 is electrically connected with the detection trigger 4; the liquid cooling assembly 2 comprises a liquid cooling box 21, a control valve 22 and a connecting pipe 23, wherein the liquid cooling box 21 is communicated with the battery bin 11 through the connecting pipe 23, the control valve 22 is arranged on the connecting pipe 23, and the control valve 22 corresponds to the signal of the detection trigger 4.

According to the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function, through the aerosol release module 3 arranged at the top of each battery compartment 11, the detection trigger 4 can detect the temperature rise in the battery module 12, and once the temperature rise in the battery module 12 reaches the set threshold value (when the thermal runaway occurs in the battery module 12), the detection trigger 4 sends a signal to the aerosol release module 3, and the aerosol release module 3 can immediately release a large amount of aerosol. At this time, the aerosol is rapidly sprayed to the fire area. The aerosol can efficiently absorb and neutralize combustion free radicals in flame, so as to realize termination of combustion reaction and improve the prevention effect on thermal runaway of the battery.

In addition, this energy storage case is through the liquid cooling subassembly 2 that is linked together with battery compartment 11, and when thermal runaway took place, the electric core module that takes place thermal runaway would wholly submergence in the coolant liquid, further reinforces the cooling effect. Thereby reducing the spread of thermal runaway and controlling flames as much as possible within the single battery module 12. Thus, the aerosol works in conjunction with the liquid cooling assembly 2 to further prevent the spread of fire. Further, the temperature control effect and the safety of the operation of the battery module 12 are further improved.

Therefore, the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function has the advantage of good effect of inhibiting fire spreading.

Alternatively, the liquid cooling tank 21 may be provided outside the battery cabinet 1, and the liquid cooling tank 21 is communicated to the inside of the battery compartment 11 through the connection pipe 23.

Specifically, the basic principle of aerosol fire extinguishing is to disperse extremely fine suspended particles into a space, and the suspended particles absorb or collide with free radicals participating in combustion, so as to promote the occurrence of reaction chain termination reaction, thereby realizing good fire extinguishing effect.

The control valve 22 may be a solenoid valve, which is provided on the connection pipe 23, and which is electrically connected to both the aerosol release module 3 and the detection trigger 4.

According to the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function, the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the aerosol release module 3 and the detection trigger 4 through the electromagnetic valve; when thermal runaway occurs, the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling assembly 2 flows into the battery cell module (for example, the feedback process of coping with thermal runaway shown in fig. 2, the sequence of the feedback process (a) → (b) → (c) is triggered), the battery cell module with thermal runaway is immersed into the cooling liquid as a whole, and the battery box body is integrated into the cooling circulation at this time to form sufficient heat dissipation, so that the cooling effect on the battery cell is further improved.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the battery cabinets 1 each have a plurality of battery compartments 11, the battery modules 12 have a plurality of groups, the plurality of battery modules 12 can be disposed in the plurality of battery compartments 11 in one-to-one correspondence, and each battery compartment 11 communicates with the liquid cooling assembly 2.

According to the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function, the plurality of battery modules 12 are arranged in the plurality of battery bins 11 in a one-to-one correspondence manner. Therefore, the battery modules 12 in each battery compartment 11 can be comprehensively prevented and controlled. Therefore, the energy storage box further improves the use safety.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the liquid cooling modules 2 have a plurality of liquid cooling tanks 21 of each liquid cooling module 2 communicate with a plurality of battery compartments 11 in one-to-one correspondence through connection pipes 23.

According to the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function, the liquid cooling boxes 21 of the liquid cooling assemblies 2 are communicated with the battery bins 11 in a one-to-one correspondence manner through the connecting pipes 23, so that the response time of the liquid cooling assemblies 2 to the battery bins 11 can be reduced. Thereby, the effect of controlling the spread of thermal runaway is further improved.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the connection pipe 23 includes a primary liquid cooling pipe, a plurality of secondary liquid cooling pipes 231, and a plurality of tertiary liquid cooling pipes 232, the primary liquid cooling pipe being in communication with the liquid cooling tank 21, the plurality of secondary liquid cooling pipes 231 being in communication with the primary liquid cooling pipe, and the plurality of tertiary liquid cooling pipes 232 being in communication between the battery compartment 11 and the secondary liquid cooling pipe 231.

According to the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function, the liquid cooling assembly 2 is divided into the liquid cooling box 21, the primary liquid cooling pipeline, the plurality of secondary liquid cooling pipelines 231 and the plurality of tertiary liquid cooling pipelines 232, so that the liquid cooling box 21 is communicated with the liquid cooling plate. Therefore, the energy storage box has the advantages of being simple in structure and convenient to arrange.

As shown in fig. 3, the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes a spraying branch pipe and a control valve 22, wherein the spraying branch pipe is communicated with the secondary liquid cooling pipeline 231, and the spraying branch pipe is arranged in parallel with the tertiary liquid cooling pipeline 232, the spraying branch pipe is arranged in the battery compartment 11 in a penetrating manner, the control valve 22 is arranged on the spraying branch pipe, and the control valve 22 is electrically connected with the aerosol releasing module 3 and the detection trigger 4.

According to the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function, the spraying branch pipe is communicated with the secondary liquid cooling pipeline 231 through the spraying branch pipe and the control valve 22, and the spraying branch pipe is connected with the tertiary liquid cooling pipeline 232 in parallel, so that the energy storage box can work cooperatively with the aerosol releasing module 3 to further prevent the spread of fire when thermal runaway occurs. Further, the temperature control effect and the safety of the operation of the battery module 12 are further improved.

The total cross-sectional area of the plurality of secondary liquid cooling conduits 231 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the primary liquid cooling conduit, and the total cross-sectional area of the plurality of tertiary liquid cooling conduits 232 is greater than the total cross-sectional area of the plurality of secondary liquid cooling conduits 231.

According to the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function, the total cross-sectional area of the plurality of secondary liquid cooling pipelines 231 is larger than that of the primary liquid cooling pipeline, and the total cross-sectional area of the plurality of tertiary liquid cooling pipelines 232 is larger than that of the plurality of secondary liquid cooling pipelines 231, so that when thermal runaway occurs in a certain battery compartment 11, the flow rate of cooling liquid in the liquid cooling box 21 flowing into the battery compartment 11 in time can be improved, and the feedback speed of thermal runaway extinguishment of a single battery module 12 is improved. Therefore, the prevention effect on the thermal runaway of the battery is improved.

As shown in fig. 3, the liquid cooling tank 21 is disposed on the outer side of the side wall of the battery cabinet 1, the primary liquid cooling pipeline is connected with the liquid cooling tank 21, the plurality of secondary liquid cooling pipelines 231 extend along the height direction of the battery cabinet 1, the tertiary liquid cooling pipeline 232 comprises a connected bend section and a fire-fighting nozzle section, the bend section is connected with the liquid cooling tank, and the fire-fighting nozzle section penetrates into the battery cabinet 1 and is communicated with the battery compartment 11.

According to the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function, the liquid cooling box 21 is the liquid cooling box 21, so that the power of the whole cooling cycle is improved, and when the thermal runaway of the module occurs, cooling liquid can flow into the corresponding battery bin 11 as soon as possible. Therefore, the safety and the temperature control effect of the energy storage box are further improved.

Optionally, the liquid cooling box 21 includes a liquid storage tank and a circulation power pump, the liquid storage tank is arranged at the top of the battery cabinet 1, the circulation power pump is arranged on the primary liquid cooling pipeline, cooling liquid is contained in the liquid storage tank, and a liquid outlet of the battery cabinet 1 can be communicated with the liquid cooling box 21.

According to the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function, the pressure of the liquid storage tank is conveniently monitored through the pressure detection piece, and the problem that cooling liquid is sprayed out when the liquid cooling box 21 leaks air to affect ignition is avoided.

Further, the liquid storage tank contains cooling liquid and high-pressure gas, and the air pressure of the high-pressure gas in the liquid storage tank is 2-3 atmospheres. Because the pressure in the liquid storage tank is too small, the problem of poor ejection effect exists, and the sealing reliability of the control valve 22 is required to be relatively high due to the too large pressure in the liquid storage tank. The energy storage box controls the pressure in the liquid storage tank to 2-3 atmospheres, and has the advantages of good spraying effect and low quality requirement on the control valve 22.

The invention is not limited thereto and the reservoir includes a body and a one-way intake valve disposed at the top of the body. The one-way air inlet valve can keep the tank at a certain pressure, so that the problems of poor spraying effect and long response time caused by too small internal pressure of the tank are prevented.

The aerosol release module 3 includes a storage tank for storing an aerosol solution, which is provided at the top of the battery compartment 11, and an injection valve, which is provided on an injection port of the storage tank to inject the aerosol solution into the battery compartment 11 upon thermal runaway.

The aerosol release module 3 includes a storage tank for storing an aerosol solution, which is provided at the top of the battery compartment 11, and an injection valve, which is provided on an injection port of the storage tank to inject the aerosol solution into the battery compartment 11 upon thermal runaway.

Alternatively, the detection trigger 4 may be a temperature sensitive detector. Therefore, the energy storage box has the advantage of good temperature monitoring effect.

The capacity of the liquid cooling box 21 is 5-20 times of the volume of the single battery compartment 11, the wall surface of the battery compartment 11 is of a double-layer hollow structure, and the liquid cooling box 21 is communicated with the wall surface of the battery compartment 11 so as to cool the battery module 12.

According to the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function, the liquid cooling box 21 is communicated with the wall surface of the hollow structure of the battery compartment 11, so that heat generated in the working process of the battery module 12 can be continuously taken away, the battery cells in the battery module 12 can be rapidly cooled when the battery module 12 is operated, the working temperature of the battery module 12 is ensured to be always lower than the thermal runaway triggering temperature, and the probability of thermal runaway risk is reduced.

The feedback process of the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function in the embodiment of the invention during thermal runaway is as follows: when the battery is out of control, the temperature-sensitive detector will first monitor the temperature rise in the battery pack, and when the temperature rise in the battery pack reaches a set threshold, the temperature-sensitive detector will send a signal to the aerosol releasing module 3, and the aerosol releasing module 3 can immediately release a large amount of aerosol. At this time, the aerosol is rapidly sprayed to the fire area. The extremely fine aerosol particles can efficiently absorb and neutralize combustion free radicals in flame to realize termination reaction of combustion chains, thereby achieving the chemical inhibition fire extinguishing effect.

When the aerosol is released, the aerosol releasing module 3 sends a signal to the electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve is opened immediately, the cooling liquid originally in the cooling system circulation flows into the battery compartment 11, and the battery box body is integrated into the whole liquid cooling circulation immediately, so that the heat generated by the battery cell module during thermal runaway is absorbed rapidly, and the cooling effect is realized. According to the actions, the prevention effect on the thermal runaway of the battery is realized through the basic logic of fire extinguishment and cooling.

The energy storage system with the thermal runaway prevention function of the present invention includes the battery module 12 and the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function according to any one of the above, and the battery module 12 is disposed in the battery compartment 11.

Therefore, the energy storage system with the thermal runaway prevention function has the advantage of high safety performance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An energy storage box with thermal runaway prevention function, comprising:

The battery cabinet is provided with a battery compartment capable of accommodating the battery module, an aerosol releasing module and a detection trigger are arranged at the top of the battery compartment, and the aerosol releasing module is electrically connected with the detection trigger;

The liquid cooling assembly comprises a liquid cooling box, a control valve and a connecting pipe, wherein the liquid cooling box is communicated with the battery bin through the connecting pipe, the control valve is arranged on the connecting pipe, and the control valve corresponds to the detection trigger signal.

2. The energy storage box with a thermal runaway prevention function according to claim 1, wherein the battery cabinets are provided with a plurality of battery bins, the battery modules are provided with a plurality of groups, the plurality of groups of battery modules can be arranged in the plurality of battery bins in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and each battery bin is communicated with the liquid cooling assembly.

3. The energy storage tank with thermal runaway prevention function according to claim 2, wherein the liquid cooling assemblies are plural, and the liquid cooling tank of each liquid cooling assembly is communicated with the plurality of battery bins in one-to-one correspondence through the connecting pipe;

Or, the connecting pipe comprises a primary liquid cooling pipeline, a plurality of secondary liquid cooling pipelines and a plurality of tertiary liquid cooling pipelines, wherein the primary liquid cooling pipeline is communicated with the liquid cooling box, the secondary liquid cooling pipelines are communicated with the primary liquid cooling pipeline, and the tertiary liquid cooling pipelines are communicated between the battery compartment and the secondary liquid cooling pipeline.

4. The energy storage box with a thermal runaway prevention function according to claim 3, further comprising a spraying branch pipe and a control valve, wherein the spraying branch pipe is communicated with the secondary liquid cooling pipeline, the spraying branch pipe is arranged in parallel with the tertiary liquid cooling pipeline, the spraying branch pipe is arranged in the battery compartment in a penetrating manner, the control valve is arranged on the spraying branch pipe, and the control valve is electrically connected with the aerosol release module and the detection trigger.

5. The energy storage tank with thermal runaway prevention function according to claim 3, wherein a total cross-sectional area of the plurality of secondary liquid cooling pipes is larger than a cross-sectional area of the primary liquid cooling pipe, and a total cross-sectional area of the plurality of tertiary liquid cooling pipes is larger than a total cross-sectional area of the plurality of secondary liquid cooling pipes.

6. The energy storage box with a thermal runaway prevention function according to claim 4, wherein the liquid cooling box is arranged on the outer side of the side wall of the battery cabinet, the primary liquid cooling pipeline is connected with the liquid cooling box, a plurality of secondary liquid cooling pipelines extend along the height direction of the battery cabinet, the tertiary liquid cooling pipeline comprises a bending pipe section and a fire-fighting nozzle section which are connected, the bending pipe section is connected with the liquid cooling box, and the fire-fighting nozzle section penetrates into the battery cabinet and is communicated with the battery bin.

7. The energy storage box with a thermal runaway prevention function according to claim 6, wherein the liquid cooling box comprises a liquid storage tank and a circulating power pump, the liquid storage tank is arranged at the top of the battery cabinet, the circulating power pump is arranged on the primary liquid cooling pipeline, cooling liquid is contained in the liquid storage tank, and a liquid outlet of the battery cabinet can be communicated with the liquid cooling box.

8. The thermal runaway prevention energy storage tank of claim 7, wherein the liquid storage tank comprises a tank body and a one-way air inlet valve arranged at the top of the tank body.

9. The energy storage tank with thermal runaway prevention function according to any one of claims 1to 8, wherein the aerosol release module includes a storage tank for storing an aerosol solution and an injection valve, the storage tank being provided at a top of the battery compartment, the injection valve being provided on an injection port of the storage tank so as to inject the aerosol solution into the battery compartment upon thermal runaway;

and/or the detection trigger is a temperature-sensitive detector;

And/or the capacity of the liquid cooling box is 5-20 times of the volume of the single battery compartment, the wall surface of the battery compartment is of a double-layer hollow structure, and the liquid cooling box is communicated with the wall surface of the battery compartment so as to cool the battery module.

10. An energy storage system with a thermal runaway prevention function, characterized by comprising a battery module and the energy storage box with the thermal runaway prevention function according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the battery module is arranged in the battery compartment.