CN118226643A - Head-up display system - Google Patents
Head-up display system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN118226643A CN118226643A CN202311703427.3A CN202311703427A CN118226643A CN 118226643 A CN118226643 A CN 118226643A CN 202311703427 A CN202311703427 A CN 202311703427A CN 118226643 A CN118226643 A CN 118226643A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- display system
- functional layer
- light
- layer
- head
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000001039 zinc pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZFZQOKHLXAVJIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;boric acid;dihydroxy(dioxido)silane Chemical compound [Zn+2].OB(O)O.O[Si](O)([O-])[O-] ZFZQOKHLXAVJIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0018—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for preventing ghost images
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
- B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
- B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
- B60K35/23—Head-up displays [HUD]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
- G02B5/223—Absorbing filters containing organic substances, e.g. dyes, inks or pigments
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Instrument Panels (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a head-up display system for reducing ghost images that may occur when displaying on a background of a dark portion of a laminated glass having a functional layer, the system including a laminated glass including: a first glass plate having a first major surface and a second major surface; a second glass plate having a fourth main surface and a third main surface; a resin intermediate film; a functional layer; and a dark portion, wherein the resin interlayer, the functional layer, and the dark portion are located between the first glass plate and the second glass plate, and the first projection portion projects a first image, which is a virtual image obtained by reflecting, on the fourth main surface, first projection light projected from the first projection portion to a region where the dark portion is located, and satisfies the following condition [1] and/or [2 ]. [1] The dark portion is provided on the indoor side of the functional layer. [2] The functional layer is not disposed in an area where the first image is projected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a head-up display system.
Background
In recent years, development of a function of a head up display (hereinafter referred to as HUD) mounted on an automobile has been performed. The HUD is a technology in which an image is projected onto a transparent plate such as a windshield or a projection head-up display (combiner) of an automobile, and a driver recognizes a virtual image formed on the transparent plate, whereby the driver can obtain information of the automobile without moving a line of sight significantly during driving.
Patent document 1 discloses the following: with the enlarged colored portion as a background, display light from a display for head-up display is reflected at a position of a windshield, and a virtual image formed by the reflected light is displayed.
Further, since a front windshield of an automobile has a heat ray reflection function, patent documents 2 and 3 disclose that a functional film such as a heat ray reflection film is sandwiched between laminated glasses.
Prior art literature
Patent literature
Patent document 1: international publication No. 2008/065956;
patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open No. 2009-035439;
Patent document 3: japanese patent laid-open No. 2009-035440.
Problems to be solved by the invention
The present inventors considered that, in a head-up display system such as that described in patent document 1, a functional film having the functions such as heat ray reflection and other functions as described in patent documents 2 and 3 is sandwiched between laminated glasses.
The functional film includes a functional layer having a specific function. The material of the functional layer is often a material having a refractive index different from that of the glass or the interlayer around the functional layer.
In a head-up display system using a laminated glass having a functional layer, if display is performed against a colored portion of the laminated glass as a background, as in the head-up display system described in patent document 1, display light may be reflected by the functional layer, resulting in occurrence of ghost.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a head-up display system that reduces the occurrence of ghosts that might otherwise occur when displaying a display against a background of a dark portion of a laminated glass having a functional layer.
Solution for solving the problem
The present invention is as follows.
The present invention (1) is a head-up display system including a laminated glass and a first projection unit, the laminated glass including: a first glass plate having a first main surface facing the outdoor side of the mobile body and a second main surface that is a surface on the opposite side of the first main surface; a second glass plate having a third main surface which is a surface facing the indoor side of the mobile body and opposite to the fourth main surface; a resin interlayer located between the first glass plate and the second glass plate; a functional layer located between the first glass plate and the second glass plate; and a dark portion located between the first glass plate and the second glass plate,
The first projection section projects a first image,
The first image is a virtual image obtained by reflecting first projection light projected from the first projection unit toward the region where the dark portion is located on the fourth main surface,
The head-up display system satisfies the following conditions of [1] and/or [ 2):
[1] the dark portion is provided on the indoor side of the functional layer;
[2] the functional layer is not disposed in an area where the first image is projected.
The invention (2) is the head-up display system according to the invention (1), wherein the condition of [1] is satisfied, and at least one condition selected from the following (1A), (1B) and (1C) is satisfied:
(1A) The dark portion is a colored ceramic layer or a colored resin layer formed on the third main surface;
(1B) The dark part is a shading band formed on the resin intermediate film;
(1C) The dark portion is a colored resin layer provided on the indoor side surface of the functional layer.
The invention (3) is the head-up display system according to the invention (1) or (2), wherein the functional layer is formed on a base film, and the base film and the functional layer constitute a functional film.
The present invention (4) is the head-up display system according to any one of the present inventions (1) to (3), wherein the functional layer has at least one of the following functions (a) to (D):
(A) Changing the phase or vibration direction of the light;
(B) Light of a specific vibration direction or rotation direction contained in the transmitted and/or reflected light;
(C) Absorbing, transmitting and/or reflecting infrared light contained in the light;
(D) Absorb or reflect visible light contained in the light.
The invention (5) is the head-up display system according to any one of the inventions (1) to (4), wherein the visible light transmittance of the dark portion is 10% or less.
The invention (6) is the head-up display system according to any one of the inventions (1) to (5), wherein the functional layer is sandwiched between two sheets of the resin intermediate film.
The invention (7) is the head-up display system according to any one of the inventions (1) to (5), wherein the functional layer is formed on the second main surface or the third main surface.
The invention (8) is the head-up display system according to any one of the inventions (1) to (7), wherein the condition of [1] is satisfied,
The functional layer is provided on the entire surface of the laminated glass.
The invention (9) is the head-up display system according to any one of the inventions (1) to (7), wherein the condition of [1] is satisfied, and the functional layer is provided on a part of the laminated glass.
The invention (10) is the head-up display system according to any one of the inventions (1) and (4) to (7), wherein the condition of [2] is satisfied,
The functional layer is formed on a part of a base film, the base film and the functional layer constitute a functional film,
The base material film is provided on the entire surface of the laminated glass.
The invention (11) is the head-up display system according to any one of the inventions (1) to (10), wherein the first projection light includes a P-polarized light component, and an incident angle with respect to the fourth main surface is at least +5° and less than 90 °.
The invention (12) is the head-up display system according to any one of the inventions (1) to (11), further comprising a second projection unit for projecting a second image,
The second image is a virtual image obtained by second projection light projected from the second projection unit to a region where the functional layer is located without the dark portion.
The invention (13) is the head-up display system according to the invention (12), wherein the functional layer is a half-wavelength layer, a phase difference layer, or a polarized light reflecting layer.
The invention (14) is the head-up display system of the invention (12) or (13), wherein the functional layer is a half-wavelength layer,
The second projection light is S-polarized light, and the second image is a virtual image obtained by reflecting the second projection light on the fourth main surface.
The invention (15) is the head-up display system according to the invention (12) or (13), wherein the functional layer is a half-wavelength layer,
The second projection light is P-polarized light, and the second image is a virtual image obtained by reflecting the second projection light on the first principal surface.
The invention (16) is the head-up display system of the invention (12) or (13), wherein the functional layer is a polarized light reflecting layer,
The second projection light is P-polarized light, and the second image is a virtual image obtained by reflecting the second projection light on the polarized light reflecting layer.
The invention (17) is the head-up display system according to any one of the inventions (12) to (16), wherein a focal distance of the second image is larger than a focal distance of the first image.
The head-up display system according to any one of the present inventions (12) to (17) is characterized in that an incident angle of the second projection light with respect to the fourth main surface is equal to or larger than (brewster angle-10 °) and equal to or smaller than (brewster angle +10°).
The invention (19) is the head-up display system according to any one of the inventions (12) to (18), wherein the first projection light includes a P-polarized light component, and the second projection light is S-polarized light.
Effects of the invention
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a head-up display system that reduces ghost images that may occur when displaying on a background of a dark portion of a laminated glass having a functional layer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the cause of ghost image caused by reflection of projection light at a functional layer.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view schematically showing an example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 18 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 19 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
Fig. 20 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing examples of the respective images in the case where the focal distances of the first image and the second image are different from each other at the viewpoint of the observer.
Detailed Description
A head-up display system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In each drawing, P polarized light is indicated by a double-headed arrow, and S polarized light is indicated by a double-headed circle. In the case where two marks are marked on one optical path, this means that either P-polarized light or S-polarized light is possible.
The head-up display system of the present invention is characterized by comprising a laminated glass and a first projection unit, wherein the laminated glass comprises: a first glass plate having a first main surface facing the outdoor side of the mobile body and a second main surface that is a surface on the opposite side of the first main surface; a second glass plate having a third main surface which is a surface facing the indoor side of the mobile body and opposite to the fourth main surface; a resin interlayer located between the first glass plate and the second glass plate; a functional layer located between the first glass plate and the second glass plate; and a dark portion located between the first glass plate and the second glass plate,
The first projection section projects a first image,
The first image is a virtual image obtained by reflecting first projection light projected from the first projection unit toward the region where the dark portion is located on the fourth main surface,
The head-up display system satisfies the following conditions of [1] and/or [ 2):
[1] the dark portion is provided on the indoor side of the functional layer;
[2] the functional layer is not disposed in an area where the first image is projected.
The head-up display system of the present invention is mounted on a moving body.
Examples of the mobile body include a car (car, truck, bus, etc.), a train, a ship, an airplane, and the like. Among them, a passenger car is preferable.
Further, examples of the position where the head-up display system is mounted on the moving body include a windshield (front windshield) and a rear window (rear window) of a passenger car.
The head-up display system according to the present invention will be described below by taking a head-up display system used for a windshield of a passenger car as an example.
Before explaining the head-up display system of the present invention, the cause of occurrence of ghost caused by reflection of display light at the functional layer in the case of displaying on the background of the dark portion of the laminated glass will be described.
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the cause of ghost image caused by reflection of projection light at a functional layer.
Fig. 1 shows a scene in which projection light 137 is irradiated from a projection unit 131 of the head-up display system 101, and a virtual image is observed by an observer 135.
The projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component. The projected light 137 is reflected on the fourth main surface 24 of the laminated glass 100, and the observer 135 observes a virtual image 136 located on the extension line of the optical path 138 of the reflected light.
A dark portion 70 is provided between the virtual image 136 and the observer 135, and thus the virtual image 136 is observed against the dark portion 70.
A part of the projection light 137 (indicated by reference numeral 140) enters the laminated glass 100.
Projection light 140 incident on laminated glass 100 is reflected by functional layer 50 in laminated glass 100. The optical path 139 of the reflected light resulting from this reflection is shown in dashed lines. The observer also observes a virtual image 136' on an extension of the optical path 139 of the reflected light. The virtual image 136' is observed as a ghost image.
The component that does not reflect on the functional layer 50 is absorbed by the dark portion 70.
Hereinafter, a head-up display system of the present invention will be described.
The head-up display system of the present invention has a mode of projecting only a first image and a mode of projecting a second image in addition to the first image.
Hereinafter, a method of projecting only the first image will be described, and a method of projecting a second image in addition to the first image will be described.
The first image is a virtual image obtained by reflecting the first projection light projected from the first projection unit toward the region where the dark portion is located on the fourth main surface.
Above this, the head-up display system of the present invention satisfies the following conditions of [1] and/or [2 ]:
[1] the dark part is arranged at the indoor side of the functional layer;
[2] The functional layer is not disposed in an area where the first image is projected.
First, a head-up display system satisfying the condition that the dark part of [1] is provided on the indoor side of the functional layer will be described.
As a specific example of the case where the condition of [1] is satisfied,
Preferably, at least one condition selected from the following (1A), (1B) and (1C) is satisfied:
(1A) The dark portion is a colored ceramic layer or a colored resin layer formed on the third main surface;
(1B) The dark part is a shading band formed on the resin intermediate film;
(1C) The dark portion is a colored resin layer provided on the indoor side surface of the functional layer.
The following examples of the embodiments will be described whenever these conditions are satisfied.
In the embodiments described below, as the first projection light, projection light including a P-polarized light component may be irradiated, or projection light including an S-polarized light component may be irradiated.
The first projection light is preferably irradiated at an angle deviating from the brewster angle with respect to the fourth main surface, and the incident angle with respect to the fourth main surface is preferably brewster angle +5° or +10° or more and less than 90 °.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view schematically showing an example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
The head-up display system 1a shown in fig. 2 has a laminated glass 100 and a first projection portion 131, and the laminated glass 100 includes: a first glass plate 10 having a first main surface 11 facing the outdoor side 123 of the moving body, and a second main surface 12 which is a surface on the opposite side of the first main surface 11; a second glass plate 20 having a fourth main surface 24 facing the indoor side 122 of the mobile body and a third main surface 23 which is a surface opposite to the fourth main surface 24; a resin interlayer 30 located between the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20; a functional layer 50 located between the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20; and a dark portion 70 located between the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20, the first projection portion 131 projecting the first image.
In fig. 2, the dark portion 70 is provided on the third main surface 23.
In this case, the dark portion 70 is provided further to the indoor side than the functional layer 50, and thus the condition of [1] is satisfied.
Further, as the dark portion 70, a colored ceramic layer is shown.
In fig. 2, the optical path of the projection light is shown. In fig. 2, first projection light 137 is irradiated from first projection unit 131.
The first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component.
The first projection light 137 is reflected on the fourth main surface 24 of the laminated glass 100, and the observer observes a virtual image 136 located on the extension line of the optical path 138 of the reflected light.
A dark portion 70 is provided between the virtual image 136 and the observer 135, and thus the virtual image 136 is observed against the dark portion 70.
A part of the first projection light 137 (indicated by reference numeral 140) enters the laminated glass 100. The first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is absorbed by the dark portion 70, and does not reach the functional layer 50.
Unlike the head-up display system shown in fig. 1, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected at the functional layer 50, and thus, the occurrence of ghost caused by the reflected light can be prevented.
That is, by satisfying the condition of [1] in which the dark portion is provided further to the indoor side than the functional layer, it is possible to provide a head-up display system that prevents ghost that may occur when displaying on the background of the dark portion of the laminated glass having the functional layer.
Here, a description will be given of a general structure of the head-up display system of the present invention, that is, a preferable structure of the laminated glass, the dark portion, the functional layer, and the first projection light.
As the glass material of the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 constituting the laminated glass 100, a material in which a flat glass plate is processed into a curved shape can be preferably used. As the material of the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20, a known glass composition such as aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, or the like can be used in addition to soda lime silicate glass as specified in ISO 16293-1. The thickness of each of the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 may be, for example, 0.4mm to 3mm. Further, the interval between the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 may be 0.01mm to 2.5mm.
The laminated glass has a resin interlayer between the first glass plate and the second glass plate.
The material used for the resin intermediate film 30 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that adheres to the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20. For example, by heating at a temperature at which the polymer constituting the resin interlayer is softened, the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 are bonded together, and polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), acrylic resin (PMMA), polyurethane resin, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), cyclic Olefin Polymer (COP), or the like can be used.
In addition, an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive cured by moisture, ultraviolet rays, or the like can be used. The resin intermediate film may be composed of a plurality of resin layers.
In the present specification, an adhesive (adhesive) is a material that is solid in the state of an object to be adhered, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive (pressure-SENSITIVE ADHESIVE) is a material that is liquid (kept in a wet state) in the state of an object to be adhered.
Preferably, the first projection light includes a P-polarized light component, and the incident angle with respect to the fourth main surface is at least +5° or at least +10° and less than 90 °. When the first projection light is light including a P-polarized light component, a virtual image can be observed even with a general polarized sunglasses blocking an S-polarized light component.
The light containing the P-polarized light component may be not only P-polarized light but also unpolarized light, circularly polarized light, or elliptically polarized light.
Further, when P-polarized light is irradiated at the brewster angle with respect to the fourth main surface, reflection does not occur on the fourth main surface, and therefore a virtual image based on the reflected light of the fourth main surface cannot be recognized. In the case where the glass constituting the laminated glass is soda-lime silicate glass, the brewster angle is 56 °, and therefore, the incident angle to the fourth main surface is preferably 61 ° or more or 66 ° or more and less than 90 °.
Examples of the dark portion include a colored ceramic layer, a colored resin layer, and a light shielding tape.
When the dark portion is a colored ceramic layer or a colored resin layer, the condition (1A) is satisfied.
The example shown in fig. 2 is an example in which the condition (1A) described above is satisfied.
The colored ceramic layer is formed by printing ink for printing the colored ceramic layer on a glass plate and sintering the same.
The colored ceramic layer is a black or dark opaque layer formed around the glass plate, and prevents deterioration of the polyurethane sealant held around the glass plate due to ultraviolet rays. Further, by overlapping the conductive layers such as the current-carrying electrodes (bus bars) on the colored ceramic layer, the bus bars, the power feeding points, the terminals of the antenna wires, and the like mounted on the periphery of the glass plate cannot be seen from outside the moving body, and thus the effect of improving the degree of completion of the design is obtained.
The colored resin layer is a resin layer different from the resin intermediate film, and is an opaque resin layer containing a black or dark dye or pigment and a black or dark color in the resin.
The colored ceramic layer is preferably composed of a ceramic composition having a heat-resistant pigment (metal oxide) as an inorganic component and a glass material having a softening point temperature lower than that of the glass plate. As the ceramic composition, a ceramic paste can be used which is formed by applying a ceramic paste to the surface of a glass plate by a screen printing method, and sintering the applied product, wherein the ceramic paste is formed by kneading a powder of a heat-resistant pigment (metal oxide) as an inorganic component and a powder of a glass frit as a glass material together with a vehicle.
The heat-resistant pigment is added to impart a target color to the colored ceramic layer. The particle size is appropriately determined in consideration of dispersibility and color development in the ceramic slurry, and a particle size of 0.1 to 10 μm, preferably about 0.2 to 5 μm, can be used in terms of the median diameter D50.
As the heat-resistant pigment, a conventional heat-resistant pigment can be used. Examples of the pigment for exhibiting black color include copper-chromium composite oxides, iron-manganese composite oxides, copper-chromium-manganese composite oxides, cobalt-iron-chromium composite oxides, magnetite, and the like. Examples of pigments for exhibiting brown color include zinc-iron composite oxides, zinc-iron-chromium composite oxides, and the like.
Further, examples of the blue pigment include cobalt blue, and examples of the green pigment include chrome green, cobalt-zinc-nickel-titanium composite oxide, cobalt-aluminum-chromium composite oxide, and the like.
In addition to these pigments, white pigments (titanium white, zinc oxide, etc.), red pigments (iron oxide red, etc.), yellow pigments (titanium yellow, titanium-barium-nickel composite oxides, titanium-antimony-chromium composite oxides, etc.) can be used.
The frit is fine particles of glass, and has a function of forming a colored ceramic layer by bonding ceramic to a glass plate. As the frit, a frit conventionally used for ceramics can be used. Examples of such glass frits include borosilicate glass, zinc borosilicate glass, bismuth glass, and the like. These frits can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The softening point temperature of the frit is preferably lower than the bending temperature of the glass sheet (e.g., 600 to 750 ℃), preferably 380 to 600 ℃, more preferably 400 to 580 ℃, and even more preferably 410 to 550 ℃.
The particle size of the frit is appropriately determined in consideration of the coatability of the ceramic paste during screen printing, and for example, a particle size of 0.1 to 10 μm, preferably 0.5 to 5 μm, and more preferably about 1 to 4 μm can be used in terms of the median diameter D50.
The content of the glass material (material obtained by sintering the frit) in the colored ceramic layer can be preferably 50 to 95% by weight, more preferably 60 to 80% by weight. The content can be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the adhesion of the colored ceramic layer to the glass plate and the color tone of the colored ceramic layer.
The vehicle is added to slurry a powder of a heat-resistant pigment (metal oxide) as an inorganic component and a powder of a glass frit as a glass material and is applied to a coating process such as screen printing, and includes a dispersion medium and a binder. The vehicle is added appropriately in view of printability (coatability), and for example, it may be contained preferably in an amount of 10 to 50 wt%, more preferably 15 to 45 wt%, relative to the entire ceramic slurry.
The dispersion medium preferably has a boiling point which is low in volatility at ordinary temperature and which volatilizes at a temperature lower than the softening temperature of the frit, and for example, a dispersion medium having a boiling point of about 50 to 250 ℃ is used.
Examples of the dispersion medium include aliphatic alcohols (for example, saturated and/or unsaturated aliphatic alcohols such as 2-ethyl 1-hexanol, octanol and decanol), cellosolves (for example, alkyl cellosolves having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve and butyl cellosolve), cellosolve acetates (for example, alkyl cellosolve acetates having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as ethyl cellosolve acetate and butyl cellosolve acetate), carbitols (for example, methyl carbitol, ethyl carbitol, propyl carbitol and butyl carbitol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms), carbitol acetates (for example, alkyl cellosolve acetates having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as ethyl carbitol acetate and butyl carbitol acetate), aliphatic polyols (for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, triethylene glycol and glycerol), alicyclic alcohols (for example, alcohols such as cyclohexanol, terpene alcohols and dihydro terpene alcohols) (for example, monoterpene) and aromatic carboxylic acid esters (for example, butyl terpene esters having 1 to 10 carbon atoms) and aromatic carboxylic acid esters (for example, butyl phthalate esters and the like) and aromatic phthalic acid esters (for example, butyl phthalate esters having 10 carbon atoms).
The binder may be a binder which imparts a proper viscosity to the ceramic slurry and can be decomposed at 200 to 550 ℃, preferably at 220 to 400 ℃.
Examples thereof include thermoplastic resins (olefin resins, vinyl resins, acrylic resins, styrene resins, polyester resins, polyamide resins, cellulose derivatives, and the like), thermosetting resins (thermosetting acrylic resins, epoxy resins, phenolic resins, unsaturated polyester resins, polyurethane resins, and the like), and mixtures thereof. Among them, acrylic resins are preferable. The proportion of the binder to the entire vehicle may be preferably 5 to 80% by weight, more preferably 10 to 50% by weight, and still more preferably 15 to 40% by weight.
The colored resin layer may contain a photocurable resin. The photocurable resin may be an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, or an epoxy resin, and may be an ultraviolet curable resin or a visible light curable resin. Further, a photopolymerization initiator may be contained.
The colored resin layer may also contain a thermoplastic resin. The thermoplastic resin may also be polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), acrylic resin (PMMA), polyurethane resin or Cyclic Olefin Polymer (COP).
The colored resin layer may also contain a thermosetting resin. The thermosetting resin may also be an epoxy resin, a melamine resin, a polyurethane resin or a phenolic resin.
The method for producing the colored resin layer is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used.
The colored resin layer is preferably composed of a coloring component and a resin containing the same. As the resin, the resins listed above can be used. As the colored resin layer, a resin composition containing a coloring component and a resin is applied to the surface of a glass plate by screen printing, cured, or the like. As a method of applying the resin composition, an inkjet method or the like can also be used.
As the coloring component, a material absorbing visible light such as a dye or pigment can be used. Examples of the pigment include pigments including carbon black, iron pigment, cobalt pigment, cadmium pigment, chromium pigment, titanium pigment, zinc pigment, lead pigment, magnesium pigment, manganese pigment, and vanadium pigment. As examples of the dye, phthalocyanine dyes such as phthalocyanine blue and phthalocyanine green; azo dyes such as disazo yellow; polycyclic quinone dyes such as anthraquinone and dibromoanthraquinone; two (II)Alkane purple and other two/>An alkane dye; stilbene dyes, coumarin dyes, naphthalimide dyes, pyridine dyes, rhodamine dyes and/>Oxazine dyes, and the like.
Other additives such as a silane coupling agent may be contained in the resin composition. Examples of the silane coupling agent for improving adhesion to glass include a silane coupling agent having an amino group as a functional group (3- (2-aminoethylamino) -propyltrimethoxysilane and the like), a silane coupling agent having a vinyl group as a functional group (7-octenyltrimethoxysilane and the like), a silane coupling agent having an epoxy group as a functional group (8-glycidoxycryltrimethoxysilane, X-12-984S manufactured by shi chemical industry Co., ltd.), a silane coupling agent having a mercapto group as a functional group (X-12-1154 manufactured by shi chemical industry Co., ltd.), and a silane coupling agent having an acid anhydride group as a functional group (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl succinic anhydride and the like).
In the dark portion, the visible light transmittance is preferably 10% or less, but may be 8% or less, 5% or less, 3% or less, or 1% or less. When the visible light transmittance is low, the dark portion more reliably exerts an effect of preventing ghost by absorbing reflected light.
The visible light transmittance can be measured according to JIS R3212:2021 (test method of safety glass for automobile). In the specification, visible light means light having a wavelength of 380nm to 780 nm.
The functional layer preferably has at least one of the following functions (a) to (D):
(A) Changing the phase or vibration direction of the light;
(B) Light of a specific vibration direction or rotation direction contained in the transmitted and/or reflected light;
(C) Absorbing, transmitting and/or reflecting infrared light contained in the light;
(D) Absorb or reflect visible light contained in the light.
In the case where only the first image is projected by the head-up display system, since the projection light is not incident on the functional layer, it is meaningless to provide the functional layer even if the functional layer has the function of (a) or (B). Therefore, the functional layer preferably has:
(C) Absorbing, transmitting and/or reflecting infrared light contained in the light;
(D) Absorb or reflect visible light contained in the light;
At least one function of (a) is provided.
When the functional layer has the function of (C) or (D), when light other than projection light (sunlight, illumination light, or the like) is incident, the functional layer acts on the incident light, and the effect of the functional layer can be exhibited.
The functional layer may be formed on a base film, and the base film and the functional layer constitute a functional film.
Further, the functional layer may be sandwiched between two sheets of resin intermediate films.
Further, the functional layer may be formed on the second main surface or the third main surface.
The functional layer may be provided on the entire surface of the laminated glass or may be provided in a part thereof.
In the case where the functional layer has the function of (a) changing the phase or vibration direction of light, the functional layer is, for example, a retardation layer (1/2 λ layer, 1/4 λ layer, or the like), and a functional film having the functional layer formed on a base film is used as the retardation film.
As the retardation layer, a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystalline compound can be used. As the retardation layer, a liquid crystal compound is applied to a base film such as a transparent plastic sheet of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or triacetyl cellulose (TAC) after alignment treatment, and the liquid crystal alignment is fixed by heat treatment, light treatment, or the like. Examples of the treatment for immobilizing the alignment of the liquid crystal include a rubbing method in which the alignment treatment of the substrate film is performed by a rubbing roller and a photo-alignment method in which the alignment treatment is performed by photolithography.
Examples of the liquid crystalline compound include: main chain type liquid crystal polymers such as polyesters, polyamides, and polyesterimides; side chain type liquid crystal polymers such as polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polymalonate, polyether and the like; polymerizable liquid crystal, and the like. The polymerizable liquid crystal is a liquid crystalline compound having a polymerizable group in a molecule.
Further, as the retardation layer, a retardation film obtained by uniaxially stretching or biaxially stretching a plastic film such as polycarbonate, polyarylate, polyethersulfone, or cycloolefin polymer can be used. In the case of using a stretched retardation film as the retardation layer, a base film is not required.
In the case where the functional layer has a function of transmitting and/or reflecting light in a specific vibration direction or rotation direction included in the light transmitted through (B), the functional layer is, for example, a polarizing layer, a polarizing reflection layer, or the like, and a functional film having the functional layer formed on the base film is used as a polarizing film or a polarizing reflection film.
As the polarizing layer, a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) layer containing iodine compound molecules can be used. As the polarizing layer, a polarizing layer in which iodine compound molecules are adsorbed on PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) and stretched to orient the iodine compound molecules in one direction can be used. The PVA layer is laminated on a base film to form a polarizing film.
As the polarized light reflective layer, a liquid crystal layer including cholesteric liquid crystal can be used. Further, a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal compound may be provided as a 1/4 lambda layer before and after the liquid crystal layer. As the polarized light reflective film, a film in which cholesteric liquid crystal is fixed to the surface of a base film can be used.
In the case where the functional layer has the function of (C) absorbing, transmitting, and/or reflecting infrared rays contained in light, the functional layer is, for example, a heat ray absorbing layer, a heat ray reflecting layer, or the like, and the functional film having the functional layer formed on the base film is referred to as an infrared ray absorbing/reflecting film.
As the heat-ray absorbing layer and the heat-ray reflecting layer, a resin layer containing a dye or pigment that absorbs and/or reflects infrared rays can be used. As the infrared absorbing/reflecting film, a film obtained by mixing the above dye or pigment with a resin material, coating the substrate film with the dye or pigment, and drying the substrate film can be used.
Examples of the heat ray reflection layer include a multilayer film formed by stacking two or more kinds of resin or dielectric thin films having different refractive indices, a multilayer film having a polarizing liquid crystal layer, and a multilayer film of a metal film or a metal film.
The heat-ray absorbing layer and the heat-ray reflecting layer may be formed directly on the main surface of the glass plate as an Ag sputtered film.
Further, a commercially available infrared absorbing/reflecting sheet may be attached to a predetermined position of the base film.
When the functional layer has a function of absorbing visible light contained in the light of (D), the functional layer is, for example, a visible light absorbing layer, and a functional film having a functional layer formed on a base film is used as the visible light absorbing film. As the visible light absorbing layer, a resin layer containing a material that absorbs visible light such as a dye, a pigment, or carbon black can be used. As the visible light absorbing film, a film obtained by mixing a material absorbing visible light with a resin material constituting the functional layer, coating the material on a base film, and drying the material can be used.
Further, a commercially available visible light absorbing sheet may be attached to a predetermined position of the base film.
In the case where the functional layer has a function of reflecting visible light contained in the light of (D), the functional layer is, for example, a reflection enhancing layer or the like, and the functional film is a visible light reflecting film.
As the reflection enhancing layer, a resin layer containing a material that reflects visible light can be used. As the visible light reflecting film, a film obtained by mixing a material that reflects visible light with a resin material constituting the functional layer and forming a thin film of a metal or a metal compound on a base film can be used. In addition, as the reflection enhancing layer, a layer obtained by alternately laminating hundreds of resin layers (for example, PET, PMMA, etc.) having different refractive indexes, which reflect light by a refractive index difference between resins, can be used.
Further, a commercially available visible light reflecting sheet may be attached to a predetermined position of the base film.
Further, an optical film having an interference effect of light can be used as the functional layer.
In addition, when the functional layer has a function other than the effect of light, the function may be a function of reducing or increasing sound or vibration (sound insulation or vibration prevention), a function of controlling light (dimming) by external stimulus, or the like.
The functional layer 50 shown in fig. 2 is depicted as a layer without a base film, and may be replaced with a functional film having a base film and a functional layer.
The functional layer shown in fig. 2 is sandwiched between two resin intermediate films and is provided on the entire surface of the laminated glass.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
In the head-up display system 1b shown in fig. 3, the dark portion 71 is provided in the resin intermediate film 30.
The first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component.
In this case, the dark portion 71 is provided further to the indoor side than the functional layer 50, and thus the condition of [1] is satisfied.
As the dark portion 71, a light shielding tape is shown.
The dark portion is a light shielding tape provided in the resin intermediate film, and thus satisfies the condition (1B).
A part of the resin intermediate film is colored in a band shape by a pigment or a dye to obtain a light-shielding band, and the transparent region and the opaque region have gradation.
The light-shielding tape preferably contains a resin constituting the resin intermediate film and a coloring pigment. The coloring pigment is not particularly limited as long as it can reduce the visible light transmittance of the light shielding tape portion, and examples thereof include azo-based, phthalocyanine-based, quinacridone-based, perylene-based, pyrenone-based, and dipyr-basedOrganic coloring pigments such as oxazine-based, anthraquinone-based and isoindoline-based pigments, and inorganic coloring pigments such as oxides, hydroxides, sulfides, chromic acid, sulfates, carbonates, silicates, phosphates, arsenates, ferrocyanides, carbons and metal powders. These coloring pigments may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
In the head-up display system 1b shown in fig. 3, as in the case where the dark portion described in fig. 2 is a colored ceramic layer, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is absorbed by the dark portion 71 as a light shielding tape, and does not reach the functional layer 50. Since the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 50, the occurrence of ghost image due to the reflected light can be prevented.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
In the head-up display system 1c shown in fig. 4, the dark portion 72 is provided on the indoor side surface 50a of the functional layer 50.
The first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component.
In this case, the dark portion 72 is provided further to the indoor side than the functional layer 50, and therefore the condition of [1] is satisfied.
As the dark portion 72, a colored resin layer is shown.
The dark part is a colored resin layer provided on the indoor side surface of the functional layer, and thus satisfies the condition (1C) above. As the colored resin layer, a layer described as a colored resin layer satisfying the condition (1A) above can be used.
In the head-up display system 1c shown in fig. 4, as in the case where the dark portion described in fig. 2 is a colored ceramic layer, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is absorbed by the dark portion 72 as a colored resin layer, and does not reach the functional layer 50. Since the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 50, the occurrence of ghost image due to the reflected light can be prevented.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
In the head-up display system 1d shown in fig. 5, the dark portion 70 is provided on the third main surface 23.
The functional layer 50 is provided on the outside of the dark portion 70 in the region overlapping the dark portion 70, and is provided on the third main surface 23 in the region not overlapping the dark portion 70. The functional layer 50 is attached or directly formed on the third main surface 23 and the dark portion 70.
The first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component.
In the head-up display system 1d shown in fig. 5, the dark portion 70 is provided further to the indoor side than the functional layer 50, and thus the condition of [1] is satisfied.
In the head-up display system 1d shown in fig. 5, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is absorbed by the dark portion 70, and does not reach the functional layer 50. Since the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 50, the occurrence of ghost image due to the reflected light can be prevented.
Next, an example of a case where the head-up display system satisfies the condition of the following [2] will be described.
[2] The functional layer is not disposed in an area where the first image is projected.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
In the head-up display system 1e shown in fig. 6, the functional layer 50 is not provided in the area where the first image is projected. The functional layer 50 of the head-up display system shown in fig. 6,7, 8, and 9 may be smaller as long as it is provided in a region where a second image described later is projected. That is, the functional layer 50 may overlap with the region where the dark portion 70 is located. The functional layer 50 may not reach the end of the laminated glass 100.
The "region where the first image is projected" means a region overlapping with the optical path of the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100.
The first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component.
Fig. 6 shows that the functional layer 50 is not provided in the optical path of the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100, and the condition of [2] is satisfied.
When the functional layer 50 is not provided in the optical path of the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 50, and thus, the occurrence of ghost caused by the reflected light can be prevented.
That is, by satisfying the condition of [2] that the functional layer is not provided in the region where the first image is projected, it is possible to provide a head-up display system that prevents ghost that may occur when displaying on the background of the dark portion of the laminated glass having the functional layer.
The position of the dark portion (position in the thickness direction of the laminated glass) satisfying the condition of [2] is not particularly limited, and may be a position on the indoor side or a position on the outdoor side of the functional layer in the portion where the functional layer is provided. In the head-up display system 1e shown in fig. 6, the dark portion 70 is provided on the second main surface 12.
The first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is absorbed by the dark portion 70, and no further reflection occurs.
The dark portion is not particularly limited, and may be any of a colored ceramic layer, a colored resin layer, a light shielding tape, and the like.
The position of the functional layer (position in the thickness direction of the laminated glass) satisfying the condition of [2] is not particularly limited, and may be formed on a base film, and the base film and the functional layer constitute a functional film.
Further, the functional layer may be sandwiched between two sheets of resin intermediate films.
Further, the functional layer may be formed on the second main surface or the third main surface.
In the case of the condition of [2], since the ultraviolet absorber is contained in the resin intermediate film located on the outer side of the functional layer in most cases, the functional layer can be protected from the solar ultraviolet rays.
The functional layer 50 shown in fig. 6 is depicted as a layer without a base film, and may be replaced with a functional film having a base film and a functional layer.
Further, the functional layer shown in fig. 6 is sandwiched between two sheets of resin intermediate films.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
In the head-up display system 1f shown in fig. 7, the dark portion 70 is provided on the third main surface 23, and the position where the dark portion 70 is provided is different from that of the head-up display system 1e shown in fig. 6. The other structures are the same.
The first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component.
In the head-up display system 1f shown in fig. 7, the functional layer 50 is not provided in the area where the first image is projected, and thus the condition of [2] is satisfied.
Further, the dark portion 70 is provided further on the indoor side than the functional layer 50, and therefore the condition of [1] is also satisfied.
Further, when the dark portion 70 is a colored ceramic layer or a colored resin layer formed on the third main surface 23, the condition (1A) described above is satisfied.
In the head-up display system 1f shown in fig. 7, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is absorbed by the dark portion 70, and does not reach the functional layer 50. Therefore, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 50, and the occurrence of ghost caused by the reflected light can be prevented.
Therefore, it can be said that the effect of preventing the occurrence of ghost in the case of this structure is mainly exerted by satisfying the condition of [1 ].
Fig. 8 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
In the head-up display system 1g shown in fig. 8, the dark portion 70 is provided on the third main surface 23.
The functional layer 50 is provided on the third main surface 23 in a region not overlapping the dark portion 70. The functional layer 50 is attached or directly formed on the third main surface 23.
The first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component.
In the head-up display system 1g shown in fig. 8, the functional layer 50 is not provided in the area where the first image is projected, and thus the condition of [2] is satisfied.
When the functional layer 50 is not provided in the optical path of the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 50, and thus, the occurrence of ghost caused by the reflected light can be prevented.
Further, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is absorbed by the dark portion 70, and no further reflection occurs.
Fig. 9 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
In the head-up display system 1h shown in fig. 9, the functional layer 50 is attached or directly formed on the third main surface 23.
The first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component.
In the head-up display system 1h shown in fig. 9, the functional layer 50 is not provided in the area where the first image is projected, and thus the condition of [2] is satisfied.
When the functional layer 50 is not provided in the optical path of the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 50, and thus, the occurrence of ghost caused by the reflected light can be prevented.
In the head-up display system 1h shown in fig. 9, the dark portion 70 is provided on the second main surface 12.
Further, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is absorbed by the dark portion 70, and no further reflection occurs.
Next, a mode of projecting a second image in addition to the first image will be described.
The second image is a virtual image obtained by second projection light projected from the second projection unit to the region where the functional layer is located without the dark portion.
In the case of projecting the second image, it is preferable that the functional layer has at least one of the functions (a) or (B) of the second projection light, and specifically, it is preferable that the functional layer is a half-wavelength layer, a phase difference layer, or a polarized light reflecting layer.
(A) Changing the phase or vibration direction of the light;
(B) Light of a specific vibration direction or rotation direction contained in the transmitted and/or reflected light.
In any of the embodiments described below in which the second image is projected in addition to the first image, the first projection light may be projected with the P-polarized light component or the S-polarized light component.
The first projection light is preferably irradiated at an angle deviating from the brewster angle with respect to the fourth main surface, and the incident angle with respect to the fourth main surface is preferably brewster angle +5° or +10° or more and less than 90 °.
As the second projection light, S polarized light may be used, or P polarized light may be used. Among them, in the case of using a polarized light reflective layer as the functional layer, P polarized light is preferably used as the second projection light.
The S-polarized light is light containing 90% or more of S-polarized light components. As the S-polarized light, light containing 90% or more of the S-polarized light component, light containing 95% or more of the S-polarized light component, or light containing 99% or more of the S-polarized light component may be used.
The P-polarized light is light containing 90% or more of the P-polarized light component. As the P-polarized light, light containing 90% or more of the P-polarized light component may be used, light containing 95% or more of the P-polarized light component may be used, or light containing 99% or more of the P-polarized light component may be used.
Preferably, an incident angle of the second projection light with respect to the fourth main surface is not less than (brewster angle-10 °) and not more than (brewster angle+10°).
As a combination of the first projection light and the second projection light, it is preferable that the first projection light is light including a P-polarized light component, and the second projection light is S-polarized light.
Hereinafter, each embodiment will be described centering on an example in which the functional layer is a half-wavelength layer that acts on the second projection light.
The half-wavelength layer has a function of rotating the linearly polarized light of the incident light by 90 °, and when the S-polarized light component is incident on the half-wavelength layer, the half-wavelength layer rotates the vibration direction of the polarized light by 90 °, and converts the polarized light component into the P-polarized light component. Conversely, when P-polarized light is incident on the half-wavelength layer, the half-wavelength layer converts it to S-polarized light.
Fig. 10 shows a typical example of the case where S polarized light is incident on the half-wavelength layer, and fig. 11 shows a typical example of the case where P polarized light is incident on the half-wavelength layer.
Fig. 10 is a sectional view schematically showing an example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
The head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10 further includes a second projection unit 141 for projecting a second image in the head-up display system 1a shown in fig. 2.
In this head-up display system 2a, the functional layer 51 is a half-wavelength layer.
The second projection light 147 is S-polarized light, and the second image is a virtual image obtained by reflecting the second projection light 147 on the fourth main surface 24.
The optical path of the second projection light is shown in fig. 10. In fig. 10, the second projection light 147 is irradiated from the second projection unit 141. As the second projection light 147, a case of irradiating S polarized light is assumed. The incident angle of the second projection light 147 with respect to the fourth main surface 24 is preferably not less than (brewster angle-10 °) and not more than (brewster angle+10°).
The second projection light 147 is reflected on the fourth main surface 24 of the laminated glass 100, and the observer 135 observes a virtual image 146 (second virtual image) located on the extension line of the optical path 148 of the reflected light.
Since the dark portion 70 is not provided between the virtual image 146 and the observer 135, the virtual image 146 is observed as an image that does not have the dark portion 70 as a background.
A part of the second projection light 147 (shown by reference numeral 150) that is S-polarized light enters the laminated glass 100.
When the second projection light 150, which is S-polarized light, enters the laminated glass 100 to enter the half-wavelength layer, which is the functional layer 51, the vibration direction changes, and P-polarized light is obtained.
If P-polarized light enters the first main surface 11 at the brewster angle, the P-polarized light is transmitted to the outdoor side without being reflected by the first main surface 11. Therefore, the occurrence of ghost caused by reflection of the second projection light 150 incident on the laminated glass 100 on the first main surface 11 can be suppressed.
In the head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10, the dark portion 70 is provided on the third main surface 23 as in the case of the head-up display system 1a shown in fig. 2.
In this case, the dark portion 70 is provided further to the indoor side than the functional layer 51, and thus the condition of [1] is satisfied.
Further, as the dark portion 70, a colored ceramic layer is shown.
When the dark portion is a colored ceramic layer or a colored resin layer, the condition (1A) is satisfied.
In the head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10, as the first projection light 137, projection light including a P-polarized light component may be irradiated, or projection light including an S-polarized light component may be irradiated. The first projection light 137 is reflected on the fourth main surface 24 of the laminated glass 100, and the observer observes a virtual image 136 located on the extension line of the optical path 138 of the reflected light.
A dark portion 70 is provided between the virtual image 136 and the observer 135, and thus the virtual image 136 is observed against the dark portion 70.
A part of the first projection light 137 (indicated by reference numeral 140) enters the laminated glass 100. The first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is absorbed by the dark portion 70, and does not reach the functional layer 51.
Since the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 51, the occurrence of ghost image due to the reflected light can be prevented.
That is, by satisfying the condition of [1] in which the dark portion is provided further to the indoor side than the functional layer, it is possible to provide a head-up display system that prevents ghost that may occur when displaying on the background of the dark portion of the laminated glass having the functional layer.
In the head-up display system of the present invention having the second projection portion, the functional layer may be formed on the base film, and the base film and the functional layer constitute the functional film.
Further, the functional layer may be sandwiched between two sheets of resin intermediate films.
Further, the functional layer may be formed on the second main surface.
The functional layer may be provided on the entire surface of the laminated glass or may be provided in a part thereof.
The functional layer 51 shown in fig. 10 is depicted as a layer having no base film, and may be replaced with a functional film having a base film and a functional layer.
The functional layer 51 shown in fig. 10 is sandwiched between two resin intermediate films 30 and is provided on the entire surface of the laminated glass 100.
Fig. 11 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
In the head-up display system 2b shown in fig. 11, in the head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10, the second projection light 147 is P-polarized light, and the second image is a virtual image obtained by reflecting the second projection light 147 on the first main surface 11.
In the head-up display system 2b, the functional layer 51 is a half-wavelength layer.
In the head-up display system 2b shown in fig. 11, P-polarized light is used as the second projection light 147 projected from the second projection unit 141, and the P-polarized light is irradiated to the fourth main surface 24 at an incident angle of (brewster angle-10 °) or more and (brewster angle+10°) or less.
When the P-polarized light is irradiated at the brewster angle with respect to the fourth main surface 24, no reflection occurs on the fourth main surface 24, and the second projection light 147 is incident on the laminated glass 100 (the second projection light incident on the laminated glass 100 is shown with reference numeral 150). When P-polarized light incident on the laminated glass 100 is incident on the half-wavelength layer as the functional layer 51, the vibration direction changes to S-polarized light.
The second projection light 150, which is S-polarized light, is transmitted through a part of the first main surface 11 to the outside of the room.
A part of the light is reflected and re-enters the functional layer 51, changes the vibration direction of the half-wavelength layer to P-polarized light, and is emitted from the fourth main surface 24. The observer 135 observes a virtual image 146 (second virtual image) located on the extension line of the optical path 148 of the P-polarized light emitted from the fourth main surface 24.
In the head-up display system 2b shown in fig. 11, the dark portion 70 is provided on the third main surface 23 as in the case of the head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10.
In this case, the dark portion 70 is provided further to the indoor side than the functional layer 51, and thus the condition of [1] is satisfied.
When the dark portion is a colored ceramic layer or a colored resin layer, the condition (1A) is satisfied.
In the head-up display system 2b shown in fig. 11, the first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component.
The optical path of the first projection light 137 can be the same as that of the head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10.
Since the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 51, the occurrence of ghost image due to the reflected light can be prevented.
Fig. 12 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
In the head-up display system 2c shown in fig. 12, the dark portion 71 is provided in the resin intermediate film 30. As the dark portion 71, a light shielding tape is shown.
The head-up display system 2c shown in fig. 12 adopts the same configuration as the head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10, except that a dark portion 71 as a light shielding tape provided in the resin intermediate film 30 is provided instead of the dark portion 70 shown in fig. 10.
In the head-up display system 2c, the functional layer 51 is a half-wavelength layer.
In this case, the dark portion 71 is provided further to the indoor side than the functional layer 51, and thus the condition of [1] is satisfied.
The dark portion is a light shielding tape provided in the resin intermediate film, and thus satisfies the condition (1B) above.
In the head-up display system 2c shown in fig. 12, S-polarized light or P-polarized light may be used as the second projection light.
In fig. 12, an optical path of a case where S-polarized light is used as the second projection light is shown as a representative.
The optical path of the case of using S polarized light as the second projection light can be the same as that of the head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10.
The optical path of the case of using P polarized light as the second projection light can be the same as that of the head-up display system 2b shown in fig. 11.
In addition, instead of the functional layer 51 which is a half-wavelength layer, a functional layer 52 which is a polarized light reflecting layer may be used. In this case, the same optical path as the second projection light of the head-up display system 2e shown in fig. 14 is formed.
In the head-up display system 2c shown in fig. 12, the first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component. The first projection light 137 is reflected on the fourth main surface 24 of the laminated glass 100, and the observer observes a virtual image 136 located on the extension line of the optical path 138 of the reflected light.
Since the dark portion 71 as a light shielding band exists between the virtual image 136 and the observer 135, the virtual image 136 can be observed against the dark portion 71 as a light shielding band.
A part of the first projection light 137 (indicated by reference numeral 140) enters the laminated glass 100. The first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is absorbed by the dark portion 71 as a light shielding band, and does not reach the functional layer 51.
Since the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 51, the occurrence of ghost image due to the reflected light can be prevented.
Fig. 13 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
In the head-up display system 2d shown in fig. 13, the dark portion 72 is provided on the indoor side surface 51a of the functional layer 51.
As the dark portion 72, a colored resin layer is shown.
The head-up display system 2d shown in fig. 13 adopts the same configuration as the head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10, except that a dark portion 72, which is a colored resin layer provided on the indoor side surface 51a of the functional layer 51, is provided instead of the dark portion 70 shown in fig. 10.
In the head-up display system 2d, the functional layer 51 is a half-wavelength layer.
In this case, the dark portion 72 is provided further to the indoor side than the functional layer 51, and thus the condition of [1] is satisfied.
The dark part is a colored resin layer provided on the indoor side surface of the functional layer, and thus satisfies the condition (1C) above. As the colored resin layer, a colored resin layer described as a colored resin layer satisfying the condition (1A) above can be used.
In the head-up display system 2d shown in fig. 13, S-polarized light or P-polarized light may be used as the second projection light.
In fig. 13, an optical path of a case where S-polarized light is used as the second projection light is shown as a representative.
The optical path of the case of using S polarized light as the second projection light can be the same as that of the head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10.
The optical path of the case of using P polarized light as the second projection light can be the same as that of the head-up display system 2b shown in fig. 11.
In addition, instead of the functional layer 51 which is a half-wavelength layer, a functional layer 52 which is a polarized light reflecting layer may be used. In this case, the same optical path as the second projection light of the head-up display system 2e shown in fig. 14 is formed.
In the head-up display system 2d shown in fig. 13, the first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component. The first projection light 137 is reflected on the fourth main surface 24 of the laminated glass 100, and the observer observes a virtual image 136 located on the extension line of the optical path 138 of the reflected light.
Since the dark portion 72 is provided between the virtual image 136 and the observer 135, the virtual image 136 can be observed with the dark portion 72 as a background.
A part of the first projection light 137 (indicated by reference numeral 140) enters the laminated glass 100. The first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is absorbed by the dark portion 72 as a colored resin layer, and does not reach the functional layer 51.
Since the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 51, the occurrence of ghost image due to the reflected light can be prevented.
In the head-up display system of the present invention, the functional layer may also be a polarized light reflective layer. The polarized light reflective layer is a layer that reflects light of a specific polarization.
Fig. 14 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
The head-up display system 2e shown in fig. 14 has a polarized light reflective layer as the functional layer 52. The functional layer 52 is sandwiched between the two resin intermediate films 30 and is provided on the entire surface of the laminated glass 100.
In the head-up display system 2e shown in fig. 14, P-polarized light is used as the second projection light 147 projected from the second projection unit 141, and the P-polarized light is irradiated to the fourth main surface 24 at an incident angle of (brewster angle-10 °) or more and (brewster angle+10°) or less.
When the P-polarized light is irradiated at the brewster angle with respect to the fourth main surface 24, the P-polarized light is incident on the laminated glass 100 without being reflected on the fourth main surface 24 (the second projection light incident on the laminated glass 100 is shown with reference numeral 150). The second projection light 150 incident on the laminated glass 100 is reflected by the polarized light reflecting layer (functional layer 52) and is emitted from the fourth main surface 24. The observer 135 observes a virtual image 146 (second virtual image) located on the extension line of the optical path 148 of the P-polarized light emitted from the fourth main surface 24.
Since the dark portion 70 is not provided between the virtual image 146 and the observer 135, the virtual image 146 is observed as an image that does not have the dark portion 70 as a background.
In the head-up display system 2e shown in fig. 14, the dark portion 70 is provided on the third main surface 23 as in the case of the head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10.
In this case, the dark portion 70 is provided further to the indoor side than the functional layer 52, and thus the condition of [1] is satisfied.
When the dark portion is a colored ceramic layer or a colored resin layer, the condition (1A) is satisfied.
In the head-up display system 2e shown in fig. 14, the first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component.
The optical path of the first projection light 137 can be the same as that of the head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10.
Since the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 52, the occurrence of ghost image due to the reflected light can be prevented.
Next, an example will be described in which the head-up display system projects a second image in addition to the first image and satisfies the condition of [2] below.
[2] The functional layer is not disposed in an area where the first image is projected.
Fig. 15 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
The head-up display system 2f shown in fig. 15 further includes a second projection unit 141 for projecting a second image in the head-up display system 1e shown in fig. 6.
In the head-up display system 2f, the functional layer 51 is a half-wavelength layer.
In the head-up display system 2f shown in fig. 15, the functional layer 51 is not provided in the area where the first image is projected.
Fig. 15 shows that the functional layer 51 is not provided in the optical path of the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100, and the condition of [2] is satisfied.
In the head-up display system 2f shown in fig. 15, S-polarized light or P-polarized light may be used as the second projection light.
In fig. 15, an optical path of a case where S-polarized light is used as the second projection light is shown as a representative.
The optical path of the case of using S polarized light as the second projection light can be the same as that of the head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10.
The optical path of the case of using P polarized light as the second projection light can be the same as that of the head-up display system 2b shown in fig. 11.
In addition, instead of the functional layer 51 which is a half-wavelength layer, a functional layer 52 which is a polarized light reflecting layer may be used. In this case, the same optical path as the second projection light of the head-up display system 2e shown in fig. 14 is formed.
In the head-up display system 2f shown in fig. 15, the first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component. The first projection light 137 is reflected on the fourth main surface 24 of the laminated glass 100, and the observer observes a virtual image 136 located on the extension line of the optical path 138 of the reflected light.
A dark portion 70 is provided between the virtual image 136 and the observer 135, and thus the virtual image 136 is observed against the dark portion 70.
When the functional layer 51 is not provided in the optical path of the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 51, and thus, the occurrence of ghost caused by the reflected light can be prevented.
Fig. 16 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
The head-up display system 2g shown in fig. 16 further includes a second projection unit 141 for projecting a second image in the head-up display system 1f shown in fig. 7.
In the head-up display system 2g, the functional layer 51 is a half-wavelength layer.
In the head-up display system 2g shown in fig. 16, the functional layer 51 is not provided in the area where the first image is projected.
Fig. 16 shows that the functional layer 51 is not provided in the optical path of the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100, and the condition of [2] is satisfied.
Further, the dark portion 70 is provided further on the indoor side than the functional layer 51, and therefore the condition of [1] is also satisfied.
Further, when the dark portion 70 is a colored ceramic layer or a colored resin layer formed on the third main surface 23, the condition (1A) described above is satisfied.
In the head-up display system 2g shown in fig. 16, S-polarized light or P-polarized light may be used as the second projection light.
In fig. 16, an optical path of a case where S-polarized light is used as the second projection light is shown as a representative.
The optical path of the case of using S polarized light as the second projection light can be the same as that of the head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10.
The optical path of the case of using P polarized light as the second projection light can be the same as that of the head-up display system 2b shown in fig. 11.
In addition, instead of the functional layer 51 which is a half-wavelength layer, a functional layer 52 which is a polarized light reflecting layer may be used. In this case, the same optical path as the second projection light of the head-up display system 2e shown in fig. 14 is formed.
In the head-up display system 2g shown in fig. 16, the first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component. The first projection light 137 is reflected on the fourth main surface 24 of the laminated glass 100, and the observer observes a virtual image 136 located on the extension line of the optical path 138 of the reflected light.
The first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is absorbed by the dark portion 70, and does not reach the functional layer 51. Therefore, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 51, and thus, the occurrence of ghost image due to the reflected light can be prevented.
Therefore, it can be said that the effect of preventing the occurrence of ghost in the case of this structure is mainly exerted by satisfying the condition of [1 ].
Fig. 17 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
In the head-up display system 2h shown in fig. 17, a polarized light reflective layer is provided as the functional layer 52, and in the head-up display system 2e shown in fig. 14, the functional layer 52 is not provided in the region where the first image is projected, and the dark portion 70 is provided on the second main surface 12.
The optical path of the second projection light 147 is the same as that of the head-up display system 2e shown in fig. 14.
Fig. 17 shows that the functional layer 52 is not provided in the optical path of the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100, and the condition of [2] is satisfied.
In the head-up display system 2h shown in fig. 17, as the first projection light 137, projection light including a P-polarized light component may be irradiated, or projection light including an S-polarized light component may be irradiated. The first projection light 137 is reflected on the fourth main surface 24 of the laminated glass 100, and the observer observes a virtual image 136 located on the extension line of the optical path 138 of the reflected light.
Since the dark portion 70 is provided between the virtual image 136 and the observer 135, the virtual image 136 can be observed with the dark portion 70 as a background.
When the functional layer 52 is not provided in the optical path of the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 52, and thus, the occurrence of ghost caused by the reflected light can be prevented.
Fig. 18 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
In the head-up display system 2i shown in fig. 18, the functional layer 51 is formed on the base film 61, and the base film 61 and the functional layer 51 constitute the functional film 60.
The functional layer 51 is provided on a part of the base film 61. The functional film 60 is sandwiched between the two resin intermediate films 30 and is provided on the entire surface of the laminated glass 100.
As a result, the base film 61 is provided on the entire surface of the laminated glass 100, and the functional layer 51 is provided on a part of the laminated glass 100.
Further, the condition of [2] is satisfied by making the region where the first image is projected be a region where the functional layer 51 is not provided.
When a component as a functional layer is applied to a base film, the functional layer is easily not provided in a part of the base film. Further, the functional layer is easily not formed in a band-shaped region of the base film.
In addition, the case of providing the functional film over the entire surface of the laminated glass is easier in the manufacturing process of the laminated glass than the case of providing the functional film over a part of the laminated glass.
Therefore, in order to provide a functional layer in a part of the laminated glass, it is effective to use a functional film in which a functional layer is provided in a part of the base film.
In the head-up display system 2i shown in fig. 18, S-polarized light or P-polarized light may be used as the second projection light.
In fig. 18, an optical path of a case where S-polarized light is used as the second projection light is shown as a representative.
The base film 61 is a transparent film, and by making the refractive index of the base film the same as that of the resin intermediate film, the projected light is not affected by reflection or change in vibration direction.
Therefore, the optical path of the case of using S polarized light as the second projection light can be the same as that of the head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10.
The optical path of the case of using P polarized light as the second projection light can be the same as that of the head-up display system 2b shown in fig. 11.
In addition, instead of the functional layer 51 which is a half-wavelength layer, a functional layer 52 which is a polarized light reflecting layer may be used. This case becomes the same optical path as the second projection light of the head-up display system 2e shown in fig. 14.
In the head-up display system 2i shown in fig. 18, the first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component. The first projection light 137 is reflected on the fourth main surface 24 of the laminated glass 100, and the observer observes a virtual image 136 located on the extension line of the optical path 138 of the reflected light.
The base film 61 is a transparent film, and by making the refractive index of the base film the same as that of the resin intermediate film, the projected light is not affected by reflection or change in vibration direction. The first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 passes through the base film 61 without generating reflected light, and is absorbed by the dark portion 70 provided on the second main surface 12.
When the functional layer 51 is not provided in the optical path of the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 51, and thus, the occurrence of ghost caused by the reflected light can be prevented.
Fig. 19 is a sectional view schematically showing another example of the structure of the head-up display system of the present invention.
In the head-up display system 2j shown in fig. 19, the functional layer 51 is directly provided on the third main surface 23 by transferring or applying a component as a phase difference layer (half-wavelength layer) to the third main surface 23 of the second glass plate 20.
In the head-up display system 2j shown in fig. 19, the functional layer 51 is not provided in the area where the first image is projected. The functional layer 51 is provided in an island shape so as to cover a region where a second image is projected, which will be described later, and the functional layer 51 does not reach the region where the dark portion 70 is located or the end portion of the laminated glass 100.
Fig. 19 shows that the functional layer 51 is not provided in the optical path of the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100, and the condition of [2] is satisfied.
In the head-up display system 2j shown in fig. 19, S-polarized light or P-polarized light may be used as the second projection light.
In fig. 19, an optical path of a case where S-polarized light is used as the second projection light is shown as a representative.
The optical path of the case of using S polarized light as the second projection light can be the same as that of the head-up display system 2a shown in fig. 10.
The optical path of the case of using P polarized light as the second projection light can be the same as that of the head-up display system 2b shown in fig. 11.
In addition, instead of the functional layer 51 which is a half-wavelength layer, a functional layer 52 which is a polarized light reflecting layer may be used. This case becomes the same optical path as the second projection light of the head-up display system 2e shown in fig. 14.
In the head-up display system 2j shown in fig. 19, the first projection light 137 may be a projection light including a P-polarized light component or a projection light including an S-polarized light component. The first projection light 137 is reflected on the fourth main surface 24 of the laminated glass 100, and the observer observes a virtual image 136 located on the extension line of the optical path 138 of the reflected light.
Since the dark portion 70 is provided between the virtual image 136 and the observer 135, the virtual image 136 can be observed with the dark portion 70 as a background.
When the functional layer 51 is not provided in the optical path of the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100, the first projection light 140 incident on the laminated glass 100 is not reflected by the functional layer 51, and thus, the occurrence of ghost caused by the reflected light can be prevented.
In the head-up display system of the present invention, it is preferable that the focal distance of the second image is greater than the focal distance of the first image.
Fig. 20 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing examples of the respective images in a case where the focal distances of the first image and the second image are different from each other from the viewpoint of the observer.
In fig. 20, first projection light is projected onto a dark portion 71 (light shielding tape) provided in a lower portion of a laminated glass 100 as a windshield of an automobile, and a speedometer as a virtual image 136 of a first image is seen. A virtual image 136 of the speedometer can be seen at the location of the dark portion 71.
The second projection light is projected onto the transparent portion of the laminated glass 100, and the display of the traveling direction of the virtual image 146 as the second image can be seen. The virtual image 146 can be seen at a position deep in the laminated glass.
That is, the focal distance of the second image is greater than the focal distance of the first image for the focal distance from the observer.
The so-called polarized HUD system that uses polarized light in the second projection light is described as a system for projecting the second image, but a so-called wedge-type HUD system may be used instead of this system. In the wedge-type HUD system, the wedge-angle profile is provided so that the thickness of the laminated glass gradually changes, and the second image is easily and clearly seen by the occupant. In order to provide the laminated glass with a wedge angle profile, one or more selected from the first glass plate, the resin interlayer and the second glass plate are provided with a wedge shape having a wedge angle profile with a gradually changing thickness. In the wedge-type HUD system, the second projection light may be unpolarized light, circularly polarized light, or elliptically circularly polarized light.
Description of the reference numerals
1A, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 1g, 1h, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f, 2g, 2h, 2i, 2j, 101: a head-up display system;
10: a first glass plate;
11: a first major face;
12: a second major face;
20: a second glass plate;
23: a third major surface;
24: a fourth major surface;
30: a resin intermediate film;
50: a functional layer;
50a: a surface of the functional layer on the indoor side;
51: functional layer (half wavelength layer);
51a: a surface of the functional layer on the indoor side;
52: functional layer (polarized light reflecting layer);
60: a functional film;
61: a base material film;
70: dark portions (colored ceramic layers);
71: dark parts (light shielding tape);
72: a dark portion (colored resin layer provided on the indoor side surface of the functional layer);
100: a laminated glass;
122: an indoor side of the mobile body;
123: an outdoor side of the moving body;
131: a projection unit, a first projection unit;
135: an observer;
136. 136': virtual images;
137: a first projection light;
138: an optical path of reflected light of the first projection light reflected on the fourth principal surface;
139: an optical path of reflected light of the first projection light reflected at the functional layer;
140: a first projection light incident on the laminated glass;
141: a second projection unit;
146: virtual image (second virtual image);
147: a second projection light;
148: an optical path of reflected light of the second projection light reflected on the fourth principal surface;
150: and a second projection light incident on the laminated glass.
Claims (19)
1. A head-up display system is characterized by comprising a laminated glass and a first projection part,
The laminated glass comprises:
a first glass plate having a first main surface facing the outdoor side of the mobile body and a second main surface that is a surface on the opposite side of the first main surface;
a second glass plate having a third main surface which is a surface facing the indoor side of the mobile body and opposite to the fourth main surface;
A resin interlayer located between the first glass plate and the second glass plate;
a functional layer located between the first glass plate and the second glass plate; and
A dark portion between the first glass plate and the second glass plate,
The first projection section projects a first image,
The first image is a virtual image obtained by reflecting first projection light projected from the first projection unit toward the region where the dark portion is located on the fourth main surface,
The head-up display system satisfies the following conditions of [1] and/or [ 2):
[1] the dark portion is provided on the indoor side of the functional layer;
[2] the functional layer is not disposed in an area where the first image is projected.
2. The heads-up display system of claim 1 wherein,
The condition of [1] is satisfied, and at least one condition selected from the following (1A), (1B), and (1C) is satisfied:
(1A) The dark portion is a colored ceramic layer or a colored resin layer formed on the third main surface;
(1B) The dark part is a shading band formed on the resin intermediate film;
(1C) The dark portion is a colored resin layer provided on the indoor side surface of the functional layer.
3. The heads-up display system of claim 1 or 2 wherein,
The functional layer is formed on a base film, and the base film and the functional layer constitute a functional film.
4. The heads-up display system of claim 1 or 2 wherein,
The functional layer has at least one of the following functions (a) to (D):
(A) Changing the phase or vibration direction of the light;
(B) Light of a specific vibration direction or rotation direction contained in the transmitted and/or reflected light;
(C) Absorbing, transmitting and/or reflecting infrared light contained in the light;
(D) Absorb or reflect visible light contained in the light.
5. The heads-up display system of claim 1 or 2 wherein,
The visible light transmittance of the dark portion is 10% or less.
6. The heads-up display system of claim 1 or 2 wherein,
The functional layer is sandwiched between two sheets of the resin intermediate film.
7. The heads-up display system of claim 1 or 2 wherein,
The functional layer is formed on the second main surface or the third main surface.
8. The heads-up display system of claim 1 or 2 wherein,
The condition of the above-mentioned [1] is satisfied,
The functional layer is provided on the entire surface of the laminated glass.
9. The heads-up display system of claim 1 or 2 wherein,
The condition of [1] is satisfied, and the functional layer is provided on a part of the laminated glass.
10. The heads-up display system of claim 1 wherein,
The condition of the above-mentioned [2] is satisfied,
The functional layer is formed on a part of a base film, the base film and the functional layer constitute a functional film,
The base material film is provided on the entire surface of the laminated glass.
11. The heads-up display system of claim 1 or 2 wherein,
The first projection light includes a P-polarized light component, and an incident angle with respect to the fourth main surface is at least a brewster angle +5° and less than 90 °.
12. The heads-up display system of claim 1 or 2 wherein,
And a second projection unit for projecting a second image,
The second image is a virtual image obtained by second projection light projected from the second projection unit to a region where the functional layer is located without the dark portion.
13. The heads-up display system of claim 12 wherein,
The functional layer is a half-wavelength layer, a phase difference layer or a polarized light reflecting layer.
14. The heads-up display system of claim 12 wherein,
The functional layer is a half-wavelength layer,
The second projection light is S-polarized light, and the second image is a virtual image obtained by reflecting the second projection light on the fourth main surface.
15. The heads-up display system of claim 12 wherein,
The functional layer is a half-wavelength layer,
The second projection light is P-polarized light, and the second image is a virtual image obtained by reflecting the second projection light on the first principal surface.
16. The heads-up display system of claim 12 wherein,
The functional layer is a polarized light reflective layer,
The second projection light is P-polarized light, and the second image is a virtual image obtained by reflecting the second projection light on the polarized light reflecting layer.
17. The heads-up display system of claim 12 wherein,
The focal distance of the second image is greater than the focal distance of the first image.
18. The heads-up display system of claim 12 wherein,
An incident angle of the second projection light with respect to the fourth main surface is a brewster angle-10 ° or more and a brewster angle +10° or less.
19. The heads-up display system of claim 12 wherein,
The first projection light includes a P-polarized light component and the second projection light is S-polarized light.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022-198603 | 2022-12-13 | ||
| JP2022198603A JP2024084368A (en) | 2022-12-13 | 2022-12-13 | Head-up display system |
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| CN118226643A true CN118226643A (en) | 2024-06-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202311703427.3A Pending CN118226643A (en) | 2022-12-13 | 2023-12-12 | Head-up display system |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP2024084368A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN118226643A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102023134189A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100066645A1 (en) | 2006-11-29 | 2010-03-18 | Mikio Ishii | High visibility head-up display system |
| JP5245316B2 (en) | 2007-07-31 | 2013-07-24 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | Manufacturing method of plastic film-inserted laminated glass |
| JP5205847B2 (en) | 2007-07-31 | 2013-06-05 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | Plastic film insert laminated glass |
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- 2022-12-13 JP JP2022198603A patent/JP2024084368A/en active Pending
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2023
- 2023-12-06 DE DE102023134189.8A patent/DE102023134189A1/en active Pending
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| JP2024084368A (en) | 2024-06-25 |
| DE102023134189A1 (en) | 2024-06-13 |
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