CN118080321B - Mining low energy consumption shale shaker - Google Patents

Mining low energy consumption shale shaker Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118080321B
CN118080321B CN202410471603.3A CN202410471603A CN118080321B CN 118080321 B CN118080321 B CN 118080321B CN 202410471603 A CN202410471603 A CN 202410471603A CN 118080321 B CN118080321 B CN 118080321B
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screen
detection channel
plate
water
detector
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CN118080321A (en
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房师涛
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Leitai Heavy Industry Co ltd
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Leitai Heavy Industry Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a mining low-energy-consumption vibrating screen, which comprises a support frame and a screen box, wherein a motor is arranged on the support frame, the screen box comprises a box body, a screen mesh and a vibration exciter, the motor is connected with the vibration exciter through a flexible coupling, the motor has n-level rotating speed, the vibrating screen comprises a detection channel and a stone flow prediction device, and the total volume of the detection channel is V. The stone flow prediction device comprises a controller, a length detector, a width detector and a height detector, wherein N-level measurement intervals are preset in the controller, the length detector, the width detector and the height detector respectively convey the values of the length a, the width b and the height h of stones in a detection channel to the controller, the controller calculates an estimated volume V which is greater than or equal to the volume of stones, namely v= abh, the controller can judge that the corresponding measurement interval is the Nth-level measurement interval according to the ratio of the estimated volume V to the total volume V of the detection channel, and adjust the motor to switch to the Nth-level rotation speed, so that the energy consumption required by vibration operation of the vibrating screen is reduced.

Description

Mining low energy consumption shale shaker
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vibrating screens, and particularly relates to a mining low-energy-consumption vibrating screen.
Background
A vibrating screen for mines is a screening device commonly used in the mining industry for separating and screening ores, sand or other materials of different particle sizes. The vibrating screen is operated by using centrifugal force generated by the vibration exciter. The motor drives the vibration exciter fixedly installed on the screen box to operate, so that the screen box and the screen mesh in the screen box are forced to vibrate, and classification and screening of ore materials are realized.
The mining vibrating screen belongs to large machinery, and the screen occupies a main weight part of the screen box. Ore materials fall from higher positions, impact on the screen is large, the normal screen has low structural strength, the impact of the ore is difficult to bear, and the phenomena of deformation, fracture and the like of the screen are easy to occur. The mining screen thickness is greater than normal screen thickness, which also greatly increases the overall weight of the screen box.
The existing mining vibrating screen has the following problems:
1. the weight of the screen box is large, the power requirement on the motor is high, and the energy consumption required for driving the screen box to vibrate is large;
2. the uniformity is low when the material falls into the screen, and the material quantity is often wavy or intermittent. The screen mesh with the same vibration frequency is easy to screen incompletely when materials are more; when the material is small, no-load operation occurs. The screening efficiency is low, and the energy consumption is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides the mining low-energy-consumption vibrating screen, which adopts a light and thin screen, reduces the weight of a screen box, further reduces the power requirement on a motor, and reduces the energy consumption when the screen box is driven to vibrate. The stone flow prediction device is arranged at the discharge hole of the buffer hopper so as to detect ore materials flowing into the screen box in real time, so that the motor is conveniently adjusted to a proper rotation rate, and the energy consumption of the whole vibration separation operation of the vibrating screen is saved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a mining low energy consumption shale shaker, including support frame and elastic mounting to the sieve case of support frame, install the motor on the support frame, the sieve case includes the box and installs screen cloth and the vibration exciter to the box, the sieve case slope sets up and is fixed to the support frame through the elastic seat, the motor passes through flexible coupling with the vibration exciter and is connected, the motor has n grades of rotational speeds, the shale shaker still includes detection passageway and building stones flow prediction unit, detection passageway is cuboid form and is located the front end of screen cloth, detection passageway total volume is V. The stone flow prediction device comprises a controller, a length detector, a width detector and a height detector, wherein N-level measurement intervals are preset in the controller, the length detector, the width detector and the height detector respectively convey the values of the length a, the width b and the height h of stones in a detection channel to the controller, the controller calculates an estimated volume V which is greater than or equal to the volume of stones, namely v= abh, the controller can judge that the corresponding measurement interval is the Nth-level measurement interval according to the ratio of the estimated volume V to the total volume V of the detection channel, and adjust the motor to switch to the Nth-level rotation speed, so that the energy consumption required by vibration operation of the vibrating screen is reduced.
Further, the inclination direction of the detection channel is consistent with the inclination direction of the screen box, the inclination direction of the detection channel is set to be the length direction, the width direction of the detection channel is consistent with the width direction of the screen, and the direction vertical to the screen surface is the height direction;
Along the width direction of the detection channel, the length detectors are provided with a plurality of groups, so that the length measurement of a plurality of positions of mineral aggregate is realized. And the measurement length a of the multiple groups of length detectors is taken as the maximum value to calculate the estimated volume v, so that the screening quality of the screen on mineral aggregates is ensured.
Along the length direction of the detection channel, the width detectors are provided with a plurality of groups, so that the width measurement of a plurality of positions of mineral aggregate is realized. And the measurement widths b of the multiple groups of width detectors are taken as the maximum value to calculate the estimated volume v, so that the screening quality of the screen on mineral aggregates is ensured.
Along the length direction of the detection channel, the height detectors are provided with a plurality of groups, so that the height measurement of a plurality of positions of mineral aggregate is realized. And the measured heights h of the plurality of groups of height detectors are taken as the maximum value to calculate the estimated volume v, so that the screening quality of the screen on mineral aggregates is ensured.
Further, the length detector comprises a plurality of pressure-sensitive sensors arranged along the length direction of the detection channel, and the pressure-sensitive sensors are paved at the bottom of the detection channel to realize the length measurement of ore materials.
The width detector includes a plurality of range finding sensors that set up along detection channel width direction, and range finding sensor installs to the top of detection channel, realizes the width measurement to the ore material.
The height detector comprises a plurality of emission sensors and receiving sensors, the emission sensors are arranged along the height direction of the detection channel, the emission sensors are located on the left side plate of the detection channel, the receiving sensors are located on the right side plate of the detection channel, and the receiving sensors can receive detection rays emitted by the emission sensors, so that height measurement of ore materials is achieved.
Further, the maximum amplitude of the screen cloth is A, the vibrating screen further comprises a buffer hopper, the buffer hopper is fixed to the top of the supporting frame, the bottom plate of the buffer hopper is parallel to the screen cloth, the distance between the bottom plate and the screen cloth in a static state is h, A is less than h and less than 2A, a buffer plate is elastically installed in the buffer hopper, impact of ore materials to the buffer hopper is buffered, and the protection effect on the screen cloth is achieved.
Further, the buffer hopper has the preceding curb plate of keeping away from the sieve case, and the buffer plate includes first board and articulates to the second board of first board, and first board passes through a plurality of spring coupling with the bottom plate, and the second board passes through a plurality of spring coupling with preceding curb plate, and the buffer board is the integrated configuration of first board and the second board of the form of buckling, all plays the cushioning effect to the ore material that falls into the buffer hopper through spring coupling between buffer board and bottom plate and the preceding curb plate. The top of preceding curb plate is fixed with L type baffle, is formed with the shielding groove that holds the tip of second board between L type baffle and the preceding curb plate to reduce the clearance between ore material inflow second board and the preceding curb plate, influence the buffering effect of buffer board.
The cross section of the screen is wavy, so that the screening quality of ore materials is improved. An X-shaped supporting beam is fixed on the lower surface of the screen, so that the structural strength of the screen is improved.
Further, the buffer hopper is provided with a material collecting port and a material outlet, the opening of the material collecting port is upwards arranged, the cross section of the material collecting port is gradually increased along the vertical upwards direction, and ore materials are convenient to flow into the buffer hopper. The discharge gate slope sets up downwards, and the inclination of discharge gate is unanimous with the inclination of screen cloth, reduces the impact of the ore material of discharge gate outflow to the screen cloth. A detection channel is formed in the discharge hole, and the width detector is mounted to the bottom plate.
A plurality of strip-shaped holes are formed in the two side plates of the buffer hopper, the strip-shaped holes are uniformly distributed along the inclined direction of the buffer hopper and are located in the detection channel, the extending direction of the strip-shaped holes is perpendicular to the inclined direction of the buffer hopper, and a light-transmitting plate and a length detector are arranged in the strip-shaped holes. The length detector detects the height of the ore material according to the shielding degree of the ore material to the detection ray.
Further, the rail that the slope set up is installed to the top of support frame, and the shale shaker still includes water jet equipment, and water jet equipment sliding connection is to the rail, and water jet equipment can spray impact water column to the screen cloth to dredge the screen cloth of jam, reduce the required energy consumption of shale shaker vibration operation.
The water spraying device comprises a water tank, a traveling vehicle, a water spraying head and a water supply mechanism, wherein the water tank is mounted to a rail through the traveling vehicle, and the traveling vehicle can drive the water tank to move along the extending direction of the rail so as to clean water spraying at different positions of the screen. The water filling port is formed in the upper portion of the water tank, the water spraying head is connected with the water tank through a water pipe, the water supply mechanism is fixed to the supporting frame, the water supply mechanism is provided with the pulling sheet switch for controlling water path communication, and the side wall of the water tank extrudes the pulling sheet switch to realize automatic water filling of the water tank.
Further, the traveling vehicle comprises a shell sleeved on the track, a driving wheel abutted to the side wall of the track and limiting driven wheels abutted to the upper side and the lower side of the track. The casing cup joints to the track outside, improves the stability of marcing car and track connection. The travelling car is contacted with the track through the driving wheel and the limiting driven wheel, so that the travelling resistance of the travelling car when moving along the track is reduced, and the driving wheel provides power support for the movement of the travelling car.
Further, the sprinkler head includes a nozzle and a direction-changing motor for driving the nozzle to rotate, and the direction-changing motor can change the direction of the nozzle so as to spray water to different positions of the screen. The nozzle is provided with a high-pressure spraying mode and a low-pressure atomizing mode, and when the nozzle is in the high-pressure spraying mode, the nozzle can spray a high-pressure water column towards the blocking position of the screen mesh to clean the blocking position of the screen mesh; when the nozzle is in a low-pressure atomization mode, the nozzle can spray out a dust-proof water curtain above the screen to isolate dust generated by screening ore materials and improve the quality of the screening operation environment of the vibrating screen.
Further, auxiliary fans are arranged around the nozzle, are provided with a plurality of auxiliary fans and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the nozzle, so that the injection length of an injection water source of the nozzle is conveniently increased.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The screen box adopts a light and thin screen, so that the weight of the screen box is reduced, the power requirement on a motor is further reduced, and the energy consumption for driving the screen box to vibrate is reduced;
2. Through installing the buffer hopper in the top of screen box, the bottom plate and the screen cloth parallel and level of buffer hopper press close to the screen cloth, reduce the impact of the ore material that flows to the screen cloth, play the guard action to the screen cloth, reduce the intensity requirement to the screen cloth. The buffer hopper is arranged, so that ore materials can be conveniently put into the screen box by other conveying equipment, and the leakage of screening operation is reduced;
3. The screen mesh is arranged in a wave shape, so that the blocking phenomenon of ore materials is reduced, and the screening efficiency is improved;
4. A stone flow prediction device is arranged at the discharge hole of the buffer hopper so as to detect ore materials flowing into the screen box in real time, so that the motor can be conveniently adjusted to a proper rotation rate, and the energy consumption of the whole vibration operation of the vibrating screen is saved;
5. Install water jet equipment on the track of support frame, water jet equipment clears up the jam department of screen cloth, reduces the required energy consumption of drive screen cloth vibration, and guarantees the screening efficiency of screen cloth.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a mining low energy consumption vibrating screen according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a detection channel according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cut-away view of an exemplary embodiment of a mining low energy consumption vibrating screen according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a part of the view A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a part of the view of FIG. 3 at B;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a mining low energy consumption vibrating screen according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a part of the view of FIG. 6 at C;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view illustrating the construction of an exemplary embodiment of a buffer hopper according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a buffer hopper of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection of a sprinkler to an exemplary embodiment of a track in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a part of the view of FIG. 10 at D;
FIG. 12 is a partial side sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention illustrating the connection of a sprinkler to a rail;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view illustrating a vibration state of an exemplary embodiment of a screen according to the present invention;
Fig. 14 is a graph illustrating a matching of stone flow predictor detection values to an exemplary embodiment of motor class in the present invention.
List of parts and reference numerals:
1. A support frame; 11. a track; 12. a motor; 2. a screen box; 21. a case; 22. a screen; 23. a vibration exciter; 24. an elastic seat; 25. a flexible coupling; 3. a buffer hopper; 31. a bottom plate; 32. a buffer plate; 321. a first plate; 322. a second plate; 323. a spring; 33. a front side plate; 34. an L-shaped baffle; 341. a shielding groove; 35. a material collecting port; 36. a discharge port; 37. a bar-shaped hole; 4. a stone flow rate prediction device; 41. a length detector; 411. a pressure sensitive sensor; 42. a width detector; 421. a ranging sensor; 43. a height detector; 431. an emission sensor; 432. a receiving sensor; 5. a water spraying device; 51. a water tank; 511. a water inlet; 52. a travelling vehicle; 521. a housing; 522. a driving wheel; 523. limiting a driven wheel; 53. a water spray head; 531. a nozzle; 532. a direction-changing motor; 533. an auxiliary fan; 54. a water supply mechanism; 541. a toggle switch; 6. and detecting the channel.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, terms such as left, right, up, down, front, and back are merely relative terms or references to a normal use state of a product, i.e. a traveling direction of the product, and should not be construed as limiting.
In addition, the dynamic terms such as "relative movement" in the embodiments of the present invention include not only a change in position but also a movement in which a state is changed without a relative change in position such as rotation or rolling.
Finally, it is noted that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "disposed on" another element, it can be on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
The utility model provides a mining low energy consumption shale shaker as shown in fig. 1 through 13, including support frame 1 and elastic mounting to the screen box 2 of support frame 1, install motor 12 on the support frame 1, screen box 2 includes box 21 and installs screen cloth 22 and vibration exciter 23 to box 21, screen box 2 slope sets up and is fixed to support frame 1 through elastic seat 24, motor 12 passes through flexible coupling 25 with vibration exciter 23 and is connected, motor 12 has n grades of rotational speeds, the shale shaker still includes detection channel 6 and building stones flow prediction unit 4, detection channel 6 is the cuboid form and is located the front end of screen cloth 22, detection channel 6 total volume is V. The stone flow predicting device 4 comprises a controller, a length detector 41, a width detector 42 and a height detector 43, wherein N-level measuring intervals are preset in the controller, the length detector 41, the width detector 42 and the height detector 43 respectively convey the values of the length a, the width b and the height h of stones in the detection channel 6 to the controller, so that an estimated volume V which is greater than or equal to the stone volume is calculated by the controller, namely v= abh, the controller can judge the corresponding measuring interval as the Nth-level measuring interval according to the ratio of the estimated volume V to the total volume V of the detection channel 6, and adjust the motor 12 to be switched to the Nth-level rotating speed, thereby reducing the energy consumption required by the vibrating operation of the vibrating screen.
In one embodiment, intermittent feeding occurs when feeding is performed by using a bucket, and intermittent feeding or fluctuation of the feeding amount occurs easily when feeding is performed by using a conveyor belt. The rotation speed of the existing motor 12 is usually fixed, and when no ore material exists in the screen box 2, the vibrating screen runs in an idling mode; when the feeding amount exceeds the normal feeding amount, the vibrating screen is easy to screen insufficiently. The vibrating screen is provided with a detection channel 6 at the top end of the screen box 2, a stone flow prediction device 4 is arranged in the detection channel 6, and the stone flow prediction device 4 controls a motor 12 to take an adaptive rotating speed according to the flow rate of ore materials flowing out of a current buffer hopper 3 so as to reduce the energy consumption of vibrating operation of the vibrating screen.
In one embodiment, the rock material flow prediction means 4 is triggered when rock material flows through the detection channel 6. The stone flow predicting means 4 calculate the stone content in the detection channel 6. Specifically, the length detector 41, the width detector 42 and the height detector 43 respectively convey the values of the length a, the width b and the height h of the stones in the detection channel 6 to the controller, and the controller automatically calculates the estimated volume v= abh, calculates the ratio of the estimated volume V to the total volume V of the detection channel 6, and determines the measurement interval to which the ratio belongs. For example, when the ratio is within the second stage measurement interval, the controller controls the motor 12 to adjust to the second stage rotational speed, while conserving energy consumed in screening the ore material while ensuring the quality of the screening of the ore material.
In one embodiment, the motor 12 has three levels of rotation rate, the stone flow predictor 4 has three levels of measurement intervals, and when the stone flow predictor 4 detects that the ore flow is in the second level measurement interval set in advance, the stone flow predictor 4 sends a control signal to the motor 12 to adjust the motor 12 to the second level of rotation rate, so that the screening quality of the ore material can be ensured, and the energy consumption of the motor 12 can be saved. When the stone flow predicting device 4 cannot detect the ore material, the motor 12 will be at the rotation rate of the lowest level, rather than stop rotating, so that the motor 12 is in the basic idle state, and the motor 12 is convenient to quickly change to the rotation rate of the other level.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, the motor 12 has four rotational speeds. When the ratio of the estimated volume V calculated by the controller to the total volume V of the detection channel 6 is less than 0.25, the motor 12 is at the first-stage rotation speed; when the ratio of the estimated volume V calculated by the controller to the total volume V of the detection channel 6 is between 0.25 and 0.5, the motor 12 is at the second-stage rotation speed; when the ratio of the estimated volume V calculated by the controller to the total volume V of the detection channel 6 is between 0.5 and 0.75, the motor 12 is at the third-stage rotation speed; when the ratio of the estimated volume V calculated by the controller to the total volume V of the detection passage 6 is greater than 0.75, the motor 12 is at the fourth stage rotational speed.
Preferably, the inclination direction of the detection channel 6 is consistent with the inclination direction of the screen box 2, the inclination direction of the detection channel 6 is set to be the length direction, the width direction of the detection channel 6 is consistent with the width direction of the screen 22, and the direction vertical to the surface of the screen 22 is the height direction;
Along the width direction of the detection channel 6, the length detectors 41 are provided with a plurality of groups, so that the length measurement of a plurality of positions of the mineral aggregate is realized. The measured length a of the plurality of groups of length detectors 41 is maximized to calculate the estimated volume v, which ensures the screening quality of the screen 22 for mineral aggregates.
Along the length of the detection channel 6, the width detectors 42 are provided with a plurality of groups, so as to realize width measurement of a plurality of positions of the mineral aggregate. The measured widths b of the plurality of sets of width detectors 42 are maximized to calculate the estimated volume v, which ensures the screening quality of the screen 22 for mineral material.
Along the length direction of the detection channel 6, the height detectors 43 are provided with a plurality of groups, so that the height measurement of a plurality of positions of mineral aggregate is realized. The measured heights h of the plurality of groups of height detectors 43 are maximized to calculate an estimated volume v, which ensures the screening quality of the screen 22 for mineral aggregates.
In one embodiment, the measured length a of the plurality of sets of length detectors 41 takes the maximum value to calculate the estimated volume v, the measured width b of the plurality of sets of width detectors 42 takes the maximum value to calculate the estimated volume v, and the measured height h of the plurality of sets of height detectors 43 takes the maximum value to calculate the estimated volume v, so that the calculated value of the estimated volume v is larger than the value of the rock volume actually located in the detection channel 6. This is to ensure that the vibrating screen is able to screen the ore material completely, so that the maximum value is used for calculating the length a, width b and height h of the stone. The actual ore volume is ensured to be within the calculated ore occupied volume, and the basic screening quality is ensured.
Preferably, the length detector 41 comprises a plurality of pressure-sensitive sensors 411 arranged along the length direction of the detection channel 6, and the pressure-sensitive sensors 411 are paved at the bottom of the detection channel 6 to realize the length measurement of ore materials.
In one embodiment, the mineral material may press against the pressure sensor 411 as it flows through the detection channel 6 to trigger the pressure sensor 411. The length detector 41 determines the length of the rock material in the detection channel 6 based on the number of triggers of the actual pressure sensitive sensors 411. It should be noted that, the pressure sensor 411 can automatically return to the initial state, that is, when the ore material contacts the pressure sensor 411, the pressure sensor 411 is changed from the triggered state to the free state.
The width detector 42 includes a plurality of ranging sensors 421 that set up along the width direction of the detection channel 6, and the ranging sensors 421 are mounted to the top of the detection channel 6, realizing the width measurement of the ore material.
In one embodiment, in the normal state, the distance measuring sensor 421 measures the distance from the top of the detection channel 6 to the bottom of the detection channel 6, and the distance is substantially in the form of a constant value. When stone passes through the detection channel 6, the stone affects a specific value of the ranging sensor 421, and thus the width of the stone can be measured by the trigger amount of the ranging sensor 421. In the stone width direction, there may be a gap between adjacent stones, the ranging sensors 421 are provided in plurality, the widths of certain areas are measured respectively, and the width detector 42 calculates the actual length of the stone from the sum of the sums of the respective ranging sensors 421. It should be noted that, the self structure and the testing distance of the ranging sensor 421 are conventional techniques, and will not be described herein.
The height detector 43 comprises a plurality of emission sensors 431 and receiving sensors 432 which are arranged along the height direction of the detection channel 6, the emission sensors 431 are located on the left side plate of the detection channel 6, the receiving sensors 432 are located on the right side plate of the detection channel 6, and the receiving sensors 432 can receive detection rays emitted by the emission sensors 431 to achieve height measurement of ore materials.
In one embodiment, the mineral material flowing through the detection channel 6 blocks the detection radiation, and the amount of light received by the receiving sensor 432 is reduced, so as to determine the height of the rock material.
Preferably, the maximum amplitude of the screen 22 is A, the vibrating screen further comprises a buffer hopper 3, the buffer hopper 3 is fixed to the top of the supporting frame 1, a bottom plate 31 of the buffer hopper 3 is parallel to the screen 22, the distance between the bottom plate 31 and the screen 22 in a static state is h, A is smaller than h and smaller than 2A, a buffer plate 32 is elastically installed in the buffer hopper 3, and impact of ore materials to the buffer hopper 3 is buffered, so that the screen 22 is protected.
In one embodiment, the mineral material is poured into the buffer hopper 3 by a loading device such as a bucket or a conveyor belt, flows from the material collection port 35 of the buffer hopper 3 to the material discharge port 36, and flows from the material discharge port 36 to the surface of the screen 22 in the screen box 2. In the buffer hopper 3, the ore material first collides with the buffer plate 32, the buffer plate 32 discharges a large impact force of the ore material, and the ore material falling onto the buffer plate 32 flows along the bottom plate 31 onto the screen 22 of the screen box 2. Since the bottom plate 31 is arranged in parallel with the screen 22 and the bottom plate 31 is close to the screen 22, the impact force of the ore material on the screen 22 is at a small value, and impact damage to the screen 22 is not caused basically. The motor 12 drives the vibration exciter 23 to rotate through the flexible coupling 25, the vibration exciter 23 drives the whole screen box 2 to vibrate, ore materials flowing onto the screen 22 roll down along the inclined direction of the screen 22, and materials smaller than the meshes of the screen 22 are screened out and separated by the screen 22.
In one embodiment, the lightweight thin screen 22 is used in the screen box 2 of the vibrating screen without changing other parameters, so that the weight of the whole screen box 2 can be greatly reduced, the power requirement of the vibration of the screen box 2 on the motor 12 is reduced, and the power consumption of the motor 12 when driving the screen box 2 is greatly reduced. The screen box 2 is connected with the support frame 1 mainly through an elastic seat 24, and a vibration exciter 23 on the screen box 2 is connected with the motor 12 fixed on the support frame 1 through a flexible coupling 25. The motor 12 drives the whole screen box 2 to vibrate through the vibration exciter 23, and when the weight of the screen box 2 is reduced, the power consumption required for driving the screen box 2 to vibrate by the motor 12 is reduced. Due to the adoption of the lightweight thin screen 22, the impact resistance of the screen 22 is reduced, and in order to buffer the impact of the ore material, a buffer hopper 3 is arranged above the screen box 2 to buffer the direct impact of the ore material on the screen box 2. The buffer hopper 3 is erected and fixed on the support frame 1, and the buffer hopper 3 is not contacted with the screen box 2. The ore material discharged through the buffer hopper 3 hardly damages the screen 22.
In one embodiment, the buffer hopper 3 is disposed at a position above the screen box 2, and the height h of the buffer hopper 3 from the screen 22 satisfies a < h < 2A. Under theoretical conditions, when the screen 22 reaches the maximum amplitude a and the height of the buffer hopper 3 from the screen 22 is also a, the impact force of the ore material flowing from the bottom plate 31 of the buffer hopper 3 to the screen 22 on the screen 22 is substantially 0 in a state where the screen 22 is bonded to the bottom plate 31 of the buffer hopper 3. Accordingly, the closer the bottom plate 31 of the buffer hopper 3 is to the screen 22, the smaller the impact force of the ore material flowing from the buffer hopper 3 to the screen 22 against the screen 22. However, in order to ensure that the screen 22 does not collide with the buffer hopper 3 when the screen 22 vibrates, it is necessary to ensure a < h. The vibrating screen limits the distance between the buffer hopper 3 and the screen 22 to be A < h < 2A, namely the buffer hopper 3 is very close to the vibrating screen, so that the impact of ore materials flowing out of the buffer hopper 3 on the screen 22 is greatly reduced. The buffer hopper 3 and the vibrating screen adopt the same supporting frame 1, and the distance between the buffer hopper 3 and the screen box 2 is set when the vibrating screen leaves the factory.
When loading is performed by adopting a bucket or the like, ore materials can be directly poured into the buffer hopper 3, and the ore materials flow to the screen 22 under the buffer of the buffer hopper 3. If the ore material in the bucket is directly poured into the screen 22, in order to reduce the impact force of the ore material on the screen 22, the bucket is required to be pressed close to the screen 22 for unloading, the operation difficulty is high, the collision between the bucket and the screen 22 is easy to cause, and the efficiency is low. When feeding is performed by adopting conveying equipment such as a conveying belt, the conveying belt can be directly arranged at the position above the buffer hopper 3, the conveying belt conveys ore materials to the buffer hopper 3, and then the ore materials enter the screen 22 of the screen box 2 for screening operation. If the conveyer belt is directly installed above the screen 22, the requirement of the conveyer belt on the strength of the conveyer belt is higher when the conveyer belt is in circulating rotation and the conveyer belt is used for conveying ore materials, so that a conveying shaft with larger strength and size is required, the thickness of the whole conveyer belt is very large, namely, when the ore materials on the surface of the conveyer belt fall into the screen 22, the height difference is too large, and the screen 22 is easy to be crushed. The thickness of the bottom plate 31 of the buffer hopper 3 which is arranged in advance is far smaller than that of the conveying belt, so that the ore material on the bottom plate 31 has smaller drop when flowing to the screen 22, and impact damage to the screen 22 is basically avoided.
In one embodiment, the motor 12 is connected to the shaft of the vibration exciter 23 by a flexible coupling 25, and the flexible coupling 25 can buffer the adverse effect of vibration of the screen box 2 on the shaft of the motor 12, so as to maintain the service life of the motor 12. The vibration exciter 23 is internally provided with an eccentric wheel, and the motor 12 drives the eccentric wheel to rotate through a rotating shaft so as to drive the whole screen box 2 to vibrate.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the vibrating screen has a double screen 22 to effect a secondary screening of the ore material. For clarity of illustration of the structure of the present vibrating screen, the upper layer of the vibrating screen is not provided with the screen 22. The mesh inner diameter of the upper screen 22 is larger than the mesh inner diameter of the lower screen 22.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 13, is the amplitude of vibration of the screen 22 of the shaker. The maximum vibration amplitude of the vibrating screen is A, the distance between the bottom plate 31 and the screen 22 in static state is h, and A < h < 2A. In order to ensure that the screen 22 does not contact the bottom plate 31 during vibration, h > A is required. H is limited to be within the range of h < 2A, namely, when the vibrating screen actually operates, the distance between the bottom plate 31 and the screen 22 is 0-3A, so that ore materials flow from the bottom plate 31 to the screen 22, the maximum drop is only 3A, the impact of the ore materials on the screen 22 is reduced to a minimum value, and the impact damage of the ore materials on the screen 22 is greatly reduced.
Preferably, the buffer bin 3 has a front side plate 33 far away from the screen box 2, the buffer plate 32 comprises a first plate 321 and a second plate 322 hinged to the first plate 321, the first plate 321 is connected with the bottom plate 31 through a plurality of springs 323, the second plate 322 is connected with the front side plate 33 through a plurality of springs 323, the buffer plate 32 is a combined structure of the first plate 321 and the second plate 322 in a bent shape, and the buffer plate 32 is connected with the bottom plate 31 and the front side plate 33 through the springs 323, so that the ore material falling into the buffer bin 3 is buffered. An L-shaped baffle 34 is fixed on the top of the front side plate 33, and a shielding groove 341 for accommodating the end of the second plate 322 is formed between the L-shaped baffle 34 and the front side plate 33, so that the ore material flowing into the gap between the second plate 322 and the front side plate 33 is reduced, and the buffering effect of the buffer plate 32 is affected.
In one embodiment, when the ore material is conveyed into the buffer hopper 3 by a conveying mechanism such as a conveyor belt, the buffer plate 32 is of a double-plate design, and is connected to the bottom plate 31 by the springs 323, and is also connected to the front side plate 33 by the springs 323, in order to reduce the impact of the ore material on the bottom plate 31. The mineral material, after being buffered by the second plate 322 and the first plate 321, flows through the bottom plate 31 towards the screen 22 in the screen box 2. When the ore material flows to the buffer hopper 3, the ore material easily flows into the gap between the second plate 322 and the front side plate 33, and the buffer effect of the second plate 322 on the ore material is affected. Accordingly, an L-shaped baffle 34 is installed on top of the front side plate 33 to prevent ore material from flowing into a gap between the second plate 322 and the front side plate 33 above the second plate 322. The first plate 321 and the second plate 322 are hinged, and the elastic movement of the first plate 321 relative to the bottom plate 31 and the elastic movement of the second plate 322 relative to the front side plate 33 are not substantially mutually hindered.
The cross section of the screen 22 is wavy, so that the screening quality of ore materials is improved. An X-shaped supporting beam is fixed on the lower surface of the screen 22, so that the structural strength of the screen 22 is improved.
In an embodiment, the screen 22 used in the vibrating screen is a wavy screen 22, and the wavy screen 22 can improve the collision rate between ore materials, so that the ore materials are more easily screened out in the screen holes, and the screening efficiency of the screen 22 is improved. And the wavy screen 22 has a certain deformation capability, so that impact damage of ore materials to the screen 22 can be reduced.
Preferably, the buffer hopper 3 is provided with a material collecting port 35 and a material outlet 36, the opening of the material collecting port 35 is upward, and the cross section of the material collecting port 35 is gradually increased along the vertical upward direction, so that ore materials can flow into the buffer hopper 3 conveniently. The discharge hole 36 is arranged obliquely downwards, and the oblique direction of the discharge hole 36 is consistent with the oblique direction of the screen 22, so that the impact of ore materials flowing out of the discharge hole 36 on the screen 22 is reduced. The discharge port 36 has a detection passage 6 formed therein, and a width detector 42 is mounted to the bottom plate 31.
In an embodiment, when screening small-sized granular or small-sized block ore materials, a baffle plate can be arranged at the discharge port 36 to control the maximum ore material flow rate flowing out of the discharge port 36, so that the vibrating screen can sufficiently screen the ore materials, and the screening quality is ensured.
A plurality of strip-shaped holes 37 are formed in the two side plates of the buffer hopper 3, the strip-shaped holes 37 are uniformly distributed along the inclined direction of the buffer hopper 3 and are located in the detection channel 6, the extending direction of the strip-shaped holes 37 is perpendicular to the inclined direction of the buffer hopper 3, and a light-transmitting plate and a length detector 41 are arranged in the strip-shaped holes 37. The length detector 41 detects the height of the ore material based on the degree to which the ore material shields the detection rays.
In one embodiment, when the ore material flows through the detecting channel 6 of the buffer hopper 3, the ore material shields a part of the detecting radiation received by the receiving sensor 432, so that the stone flow predicting device 4 detects the flow direction state of the ore material. In order to avoid shielding of the detected rays by the raised portion of the ore material, the receiving sensor 432 may intelligently analyze the received data within a certain period of time (e.g., 1 second) to give a reasonable and stable real-time flow of the ore material, improve the stability of transmitting data to the motor 12, prevent the occurrence of a rotating speed of the motor which is negligibly fast or slowly within a very short time, and improve the stability of the change of the rotating speed of the motor 12. Note that the ranging principle of the transmitting sensor 431 and the receiving sensor 432 is a grating ranging principle.
Preferably, the rail 11 that the slope set up is installed to the top of support frame 1, and the shale shaker still includes water jet equipment 5, and water jet equipment 5 sliding connection is to rail 11, and water jet equipment 5 can spray impact water column to screen cloth 22 to the screen cloth 22 of jam is dredged, reduces the required energy consumption of shale shaker vibration operation.
The water spraying device 5 comprises a water tank 51, a traveling vehicle 52, a water spraying head 53 and a water supply mechanism 54, wherein the water tank 51 is mounted to the track 11 through the traveling vehicle 52, and the traveling vehicle 52 can drive the water tank 51 to move along the extending direction of the track 11 so as to conveniently spray water at different positions of the screen 22 for cleaning. A water adding port 511 is formed above the water tank 51, the water spraying head 53 is connected with the water tank 51 through a water pipe, the water supply mechanism 54 is fixed to the support frame 1, a pulling sheet switch 541 for controlling water path communication is arranged on the water supply mechanism 54, and the pulling sheet switch 541 is extruded by the side wall of the water tank 51, so that automatic water adding to the water tank 51 is realized.
In an embodiment, when the screen 22 is blocked by the ore material, the water spraying device 5 mounted on the track 11 can be moved, the water spraying head 53 of the water spraying device 5 is directed to the blocking position of the screen 22, and the blocking position of the screen 22 is impacted by adopting a high-pressure water column, so that the screen 22 is blocked, the energy consumption required by the motor 12 to drive the screen 22 to vibrate is reduced, and the screening efficiency of the screen 22 on the ore material is improved.
In one embodiment, a rail 11 is provided obliquely above the support frame 1, and the water spraying device 5 is slidably connected to the rail 11. Wherein the water tank 51 is mounted to the track 11 by a travelling car 52. When a blocking phenomenon occurs at a certain position of the screen 22, the traveling vehicle 52 can be manually controlled remotely to drive the water tank 51 to move to a proper position, the position of the water spraying head 53 is adjusted to enable the water spraying head 53 to point to the blocking position of the screen 22, and the water spraying head 53 is remotely controlled to be started so as to clean the blocking position of the screen 22. It should be noted that the driving motor, the wireless control module, the wireless switch of the sprinkler head 53, etc. in the travelling vehicle 52 are all of conventional application designs, and are not described herein.
In an embodiment, when there is no water in the water tank 51, the traveling vehicle 52 may drive the water tank 51 to move to the water supply mechanism 54, so that the side wall of the water tank 51 presses the paddle switch 541 of the water supply mechanism 54, and the water supply mechanism 54 fills water into the water tank 51 through the water filling port 511 of the water tank 51. After the water is filled, the water tank 51 is moved to be separated from the water supply mechanism 54, the water tank 51 contacts the pressing of the pulling sheet switch 541, the pulling sheet switch 541 returns to the initial position under the action of the torsion spring in the pulling sheet switch 541, and the water supply mechanism 54 stops supplying water.
In an embodiment, a water quantity sensor may be disposed in the water tank 51, and when the water quantity sensor detects that the water quantity in the water tank 51 is insufficient, the traveling vehicle 52 may be automatically controlled to drive the water tank 51 to move to the water supply mechanism 54 for water feeding. When the water in the water tank 51 reaches full load, the traveling vehicle 52 is controlled to drive the water tank 51 to be separated from the water supply mechanism 54.
In one embodiment, two water spraying devices 5 are provided and are respectively positioned at two sides of the screen box 2 so as to facilitate water spraying cleaning of the screen 22.
Preferably, the traveling carriage 52 includes a housing 521 coupled to the rail 11, a driving wheel 522 abutted to the side wall of the rail 11, and a limit follower 523 abutted to the upper and lower sides of the rail 11. The shell 521 is sleeved outside the track 11, so that the stability of the connection of the traveling car 52 and the track 11 is improved. The travel car 52 contacts the track 11 through the drive wheel 522 and the limit driven wheel 523, reducing the travel resistance of the travel car 52 as it moves along the track 11, and the drive wheel 522 provides powered support for the travel car 52 movement.
In an embodiment, the housing 521 of the traveling vehicle 52 wraps around the outside of the track 11, so as to effectively prevent the traveling vehicle 52 from being separated from the track 11 during traveling, and cause accidents. The housing 521 internally mounts a drive wheel 522 and a limit driven wheel 523 that are abutted to the rail 11, the drive wheel 522 being for driving the entire traveling carriage 52 to move relative to the rail 11. The traveling carriage 52 contacts the rail 11 only through the driving wheel 522 and the limit driven wheel 523, reducing the moving resistance of the traveling carriage 52 when traveling along the rail 11. It should be noted that, the driving motor for driving the driving wheel 522 to move, and the control device for remotely controlling the switch of the driving motor are all conventional components, which are not described herein.
Preferably, the sprinkler head 53 includes a nozzle 531 and a direction-changing motor 532 for driving the nozzle 531 to rotate, and the direction-changing motor 532 can change the direction of the nozzle 531 so as to spray water at different positions of the screen 22. The nozzle 531 has a high-pressure spraying mode and a low-pressure atomizing mode, when the nozzle 531 is in the high-pressure spraying mode, the nozzle 531 can spray a high-pressure water column towards the blocking position of the screen 22, so that the blocking position of the screen 22 is cleaned; when the nozzle 531 is in the low pressure atomizing mode, the nozzle 531 can spout dust separation water curtain in screen cloth 22 top position to the raise dust that the isolated screening ore material produced improves the screening operation environmental quality of shale shaker.
In one embodiment, a diversion motor 532 is mounted to the water connection of the sprinkler head 53, and the diversion motor 532 is capable of driving the sprinkler head 53 to rotate within a range of relative to the diversion motor 532 to change the orientation of the sprinkler head 53. The specific structure of the direction-changing motor 532 is a conventional structure in a rotary pipeline, and a detailed description of the structure of the direction-changing motor 532 is omitted.
In one embodiment, when the screen 22 is plugged, the nozzle 531 assumes a high pressure spray pattern and the nozzle 531 effects cleaning of the screen 22 plug by spraying a high pressure water column toward the screen 22. When the screen box 2 is in a normal working state, the nozzle 531 can be adjusted to be in a low-pressure atomization mode, the orientation of the nozzle 531 is adjusted to be in a horizontal or inclined upward posture, the nozzle 531 sprays water mist to form a dust-proof water curtain, and further the flying situation of flying dust generated when the vibrating screen screens ore materials is reduced, so that the quality of the working environment around the vibrating screen is improved.
Preferably, the auxiliary fans 533 are installed around the nozzle 531, and the auxiliary fans 533 are provided in plurality and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the nozzle 531, so as to increase the injection length of the injection water source of the nozzle 531.
In one embodiment, when the nozzle 531 sprays water, especially sprays water mist in a low pressure atomization mode, in order to increase the spraying distance of the nozzle 531, an auxiliary fan 533 is installed around the nozzle 531, the direction of the auxiliary fan 533 is consistent with the direction of the nozzle 531, and when the nozzle 531 sprays water, the auxiliary fan 533 is started to increase the spraying distance of the nozzle 531 spraying water.
When the mining low-energy-consumption vibrating screen is adopted, the light and thin screen 22 is adopted, so that the weight of the screen box 2 is reduced, the power requirement on the motor 12 is further reduced, and the energy consumption for driving the screen box 2 to vibrate is reduced. Through installing buffer hopper 3 in the top of screen box 2, the bottom plate 31 of buffer hopper 3 and screen cloth 22 parallel and level and press close to screen cloth 22, reduce the impact of the ore material that flows to screen cloth 22, play the guard action to screen cloth 22, reduce the intensity requirement to screen cloth 22. The stone flow prediction device 4 is arranged at the discharge hole 36 of the buffer hopper 3 so as to detect ore materials flowing into the screen box 2 in real time, so that the motor 12 is conveniently adjusted to a proper rotation rate, and the energy consumption of the whole vibration operation of the vibrating screen is saved.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the application are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a mining low energy consumption shale shaker, includes support frame and elastic mounting to the sieve case of support frame, install the motor on the support frame, the sieve case include the box and install to screen cloth and the vibration exciter of box, the sieve case slope sets up and is fixed to through the elastic seat the support frame, the motor with the vibration exciter passes through flexible coupling connection, its characterized in that, the motor has n grades of rotational speeds, the shale shaker still includes:
the detection channel is cuboid and is positioned at the front end of the screen, and the total volume of the detection channel is V;
The stone flow prediction device comprises a controller, a length detector, a width detector and a height detector, wherein N-level measurement intervals are preset in the controller, the length detector, the width detector and the height detector respectively convey the values of the length a, the width b and the height h of stones in the detection channel to the controller so as to calculate an estimated volume V which is greater than or equal to the volume of stones through the controller, v= abh, and the controller can judge the corresponding measurement interval as an Nth-level measurement interval according to the ratio of the estimated volume V to the total volume V of the detection channel and adjust the motor to switch to the Nth-level rotating speed;
The maximum amplitude of the screen is A, the vibrating screen further comprises a buffer hopper, the buffer hopper is fixed to the top of the supporting frame, a bottom plate of the buffer hopper is parallel to the screen, the distance between the bottom plate and the screen in a static state is h, A is smaller than h and smaller than 2A, and a buffer plate is elastically installed in the buffer hopper;
The inclination direction of the detection channel is set to be the length direction, the width direction of the detection channel is consistent with the width direction of the screen, and the direction vertical to the screen surface is the height direction;
Along the width direction of the detection channel, the length detectors are provided with a plurality of groups, the measurement length a of the plurality of groups of length detectors takes the maximum value to calculate the estimated volume v;
Along the length direction of the detection channel, the width detectors are provided with a plurality of groups, the measured widths b of the plurality of groups of width detectors take the maximum value to calculate the estimated volume v;
Along the length direction of the detection channel, the height detectors are provided with a plurality of groups, and the measured heights h of the plurality of groups of height detectors take the maximum value to calculate the estimated volume v;
The length detector comprises a plurality of pressure-sensitive sensors arranged along the length direction of the detection channel, and the pressure-sensitive sensors are paved at the bottom of the detection channel;
The width detector includes a plurality of ranging sensors disposed along a width direction of the detection channel, the ranging sensors being mounted to a top of the detection channel;
The height detector comprises a plurality of transmitting sensors and receiving sensors, the transmitting sensors are arranged along the height direction of the detection channel, the transmitting sensors are positioned on the left side plate of the detection channel, the receiving sensors are positioned on the right side plate of the detection channel, and the receiving sensors can receive detection rays emitted by the transmitting sensors;
The buffer hopper is provided with a front side plate far away from the screen box, the buffer plate comprises a first plate and a second plate hinged to the first plate, the first plate is connected with the bottom plate through a plurality of springs, the second plate is connected with the front side plate through a plurality of springs, an L-shaped baffle is fixed at the top of the front side plate, and a shielding groove for accommodating the end part of the second plate is formed between the L-shaped baffle and the front side plate;
the cross section of the screen is wavy, and an X-shaped supporting beam is fixed on the lower surface of the screen.
2. The mining low-energy-consumption vibrating screen according to claim 1, wherein the buffer hopper is provided with a material collecting port and a discharging port, an opening of the material collecting port is arranged upwards, the cross section of the material collecting port is gradually increased along the vertical upwards direction, the discharging port is arranged downwards in an inclined mode, the inclined direction of the discharging port is consistent with the inclined direction of the screen, and the detecting channel is formed in the discharging port;
The width detector is mounted to the base plate;
a plurality of strip-shaped holes are formed in the two side plates of the buffer hopper, the strip-shaped holes are uniformly distributed along the inclined direction of the buffer hopper and are located in the detection channel, the extending direction of the strip-shaped holes is perpendicular to the inclined direction of the buffer hopper, and a light-transmitting plate and a length detector are arranged in the strip-shaped holes.
3. The mining low energy consumption vibrating screen according to claim 1, wherein a rail which is obliquely arranged is arranged above the supporting frame, and the vibrating screen further comprises a water spraying device which is connected to the rail in a sliding manner and can spray impact water columns to the screen;
the water spraying device comprises a water tank, a traveling vehicle, a water spraying head and a water supply mechanism, wherein the water tank is mounted to the track through the traveling vehicle, the traveling vehicle can drive the water tank to move along the extending direction of the track, a water filling port is formed in the upper portion of the water tank, the water spraying head is connected with the water tank through a water pipe, the water supply mechanism is fixed to the supporting frame, and a pulling sheet switch for controlling water path communication is mounted on the water supply mechanism.
4. A mining low energy consumption vibrating screen according to claim 3, wherein the travelling car comprises a housing which is sleeved to the rail, a driving wheel which is abutted to the side wall of the rail, and limit driven wheels which are abutted to the upper side and the lower side of the rail.
5. A mining low energy vibratory screen according to claim 3, wherein said sprinkler head includes a nozzle and a direction-changing motor for driving the nozzle in rotation, said direction-changing motor being capable of changing the orientation of said nozzle;
the nozzle is provided with a high-pressure spraying mode and a low-pressure atomizing mode, and when the nozzle is in the high-pressure spraying mode, the nozzle can spray a high-pressure water column towards the plugging position of the screen; when the nozzle is in a low-pressure atomization mode, the nozzle can spray out a dust-proof water curtain at a position above the screen.
6. The mining low-energy-consumption vibrating screen according to claim 5, wherein auxiliary fans are installed around the nozzle, and the auxiliary fans are provided in a plurality and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the nozzle.
CN202410471603.3A 2024-04-19 2024-04-19 Mining low energy consumption shale shaker Active CN118080321B (en)

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