CN118065758A - Directional drilling device for ground and drilling method thereof - Google Patents
Directional drilling device for ground and drilling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118065758A CN118065758A CN202410500180.3A CN202410500180A CN118065758A CN 118065758 A CN118065758 A CN 118065758A CN 202410500180 A CN202410500180 A CN 202410500180A CN 118065758 A CN118065758 A CN 118065758A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 66
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000003781 tooth socket Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ground directional drilling device and a drilling method thereof, and relates to the technical field of geological investigation drilling, wherein the drilling device comprises a stand, a drill rod is arranged at the top of the stand, a fixing component is arranged at one side of the stand, a drill rod penetrates through the middle of the fixing component, an auxiliary component is arranged at the bottom of the side face of the drill rod, an adjusting component is arranged at the bottom of the stand, the fixing component comprises a fixing seat, fixing holes are formed in the middle of the fixing seat, transmission grooves are formed in the surface of the fixing seat at equal intervals, and guide rods penetrate through one side of each transmission groove close to the fixing holes in a sliding mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration drilling, in particular to a device and a method for directional drilling on the ground.
Background
The geological exploration drilling is closely related to the actual demands in the fields of mineral resource development, oil and gas field exploration, hydrogeological exploration, engineering geological exploration and the like, and can realize comprehensive and accurate detection of underground mineral resources, wherein the drilling equipment plays an important role in geological exploration.
The China patent with the application number 201710761898.8 discloses a ground large-diameter quick hole drilling device and a method thereof, the device comprises an outer sleeve arranged on the inner wall of a wellhead, a wellhead flange is assembled at the top of the outer sleeve, an inner sleeve is coaxially fixed in the middle of the wellhead flange, the outer diameter of the inner sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of an outer sleeve, a pipe-following pressurizing mechanism is sleeved at the bottom section of the inner sleeve, a drill rod is coaxially arranged in the inner sleeve, the outer diameter of the drill rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner sleeve, a compressed air channel is arranged in the drill rod, an annular space between the drill rod and the inner sleeve is a rock debris back-discharging channel, a wellhead sealing device is arranged at the top of the drill rod, a rock debris discharging hole is arranged on the wellhead sealing device, the wellhead sealing device is in threaded connection with the inner sleeve, a pneumatic down-the bottom of the drill rod is connected with a down-the pneumatic down-hole hammer which is positioned below the pipe-following pressurizing mechanism, but normal drilling work cannot be performed when a building or other immovable objects are arranged on the ground to be surveyed, and the exploration progress is influenced.
And because the drilling rod has certain flexibility, can lead to the drilling rod bending deformation when carrying out the probing, lead to the drilling direction of drilling rod to take place the skew for drilling position takes place the skew, influence the accuracy of probing, in addition, when the drilling rod is being spliced, because the bending deformation of drilling rod, make the drilling rod that newly splices can't normally correspond with the drilling rod that the bottom is to be connected, need artifical supplementary butt joint, reduced the grafting efficiency, in addition, when the drilling rod takes out, because the outer wall of drilling rod can be attached with multiple substances such as soil, rock, mud, lead to the drilling rod surface coarse, even influence the normal use of drilling rod.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the existing defects, and provides the device and the method for directional drilling on the ground, which can be used for directional drilling, avoid blocking objects on the ground, prevent the drill rod from tilting in the process of tripping, improve the tripping precision, assist alignment when new drill rods are added, improve the adding efficiency, clean the surface of the drill rod when the drill rods are taken out, and effectively solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the ground directional drilling device comprises a stand, wherein a drill-down assembly is arranged at the top of the stand, a fixing assembly is arranged on one side of the stand, a drill rod penetrates through the middle of the fixing assembly, an auxiliary assembly is arranged at the bottom of the side face of the drill-down assembly, and an adjusting assembly is arranged at the bottom of the stand;
The fixing assembly comprises a fixing seat, fixing holes are formed in the middle of the fixing seat, transmission grooves are formed in the surface of the fixing seat at equal intervals, guide rods penetrate through one sides of the transmission grooves close to the fixing holes in a sliding mode, auxiliary wedge blocks are arranged at one ends of the guide rods located in the transmission grooves, fixing blocks are arranged at one ends of the guide rods located in the fixing holes, and a driving mechanism used for driving the auxiliary wedge blocks to horizontally move is arranged on the top surface of the fixing seat;
The auxiliary assembly comprises two second hydraulic cylinders which are symmetrically arranged, the two second hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged on two sides of the guide frame, an arc-shaped sliding rail is arranged at the telescopic end of each second hydraulic cylinder through a U-shaped seat, an arc-shaped sliding block is connected to the inside of each arc-shaped sliding rail in a sliding manner, a clamping mechanism is arranged at the top of each arc-shaped sliding block, and a rotating mechanism used for driving the clamping mechanism to rotate is arranged on each U-shaped seat.
Further, the lower drill assembly comprises a guide frame, a movable seat is connected in the guide frame in a sliding manner, a first hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the bottom surface of the movable seat and the top surface of the stand, mounting arms are symmetrically arranged on the side surfaces of the movable seat, adjusting seats are connected between the mounting arms in a rotating manner, a first hydraulic motor is arranged in the adjusting seats, a connecting rod is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the first hydraulic motor, and a toothed sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the bottom end of the connecting rod.
Further, a first hydraulic rod is obliquely arranged between the adjusting seat and the movable seat, and two ends of the first hydraulic rod are respectively and movably connected with the adjusting seat and the movable seat.
Further, the both ends of drilling rod are equipped with connector and lower connector respectively, the drilling rod is located the center department of fixed orifices, the bottom of connecting rod with the last connector threaded connection of drilling rod, the side of fixed block is equipped with the elastic block, reset spring has been cup jointed to one side that the guide bar is located the drive slot.
Further, the driving mechanism comprises a mounting ring, the mounting ring is arranged on the top surface of the fixing seat through a supporting rod, second hydraulic rods are arranged on the mounting ring at equal intervals, and main wedge blocks which are correspondingly matched with the auxiliary wedge blocks are arranged at the bottom telescopic ends of the second hydraulic rods.
Further, the fixture is including locating the guide rail of arc slider top surface, the middle part rotation of guide rail is connected with two-way screw rod, the opposite screw thread of spiral direction has been seted up to two bilateral symmetry of two-way screw rod, two-sided symmetry threaded connection of two-way screw rod has the slide, the slide with guide rail sliding connection, the tip of guide rail is equipped with the second hydraulic motor, the output shaft of second hydraulic motor with the tip fixed connection of two-way screw rod, the centre of a circle of arc slide rail and the centre of a circle of fixed orifices coincide.
Further, the side symmetry of slide both sides is equipped with the grip slipper, both sides the opposite one side symmetry of grip slipper is equipped with the arc toothholder, the arc toothholder with be equipped with the elastic pad between the grip slipper, the bilateral symmetry between elastic pad and the grip slipper is equipped with first pressure sensor, the side both ends of grip slipper all are equipped with second pressure sensor with the position that elastic pad tip corresponds.
Further, the rotating mechanism comprises an arc tooth block arranged on the top surface of the guide rail and a mounting seat arranged on the top surface of the U-shaped seat, the circle center of the arc tooth block coincides with the circle center of the fixed hole, one side of the mounting seat is slidably connected with a rotary rack meshed with the arc tooth block, the other side of the mounting seat is provided with a third hydraulic rod, and the telescopic end of the third hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with the end part of the rotary rack.
Further, the adjusting part includes the base, the base is located the bottom of frame, the surface of base is equipped with the support, the top of support rotates and is connected with the adjusting column, the both sides of adjusting column be equipped with frame fixed connection's supporting seat, the fixed gear that has cup jointed in middle part of adjusting column, the surface tip of base is equipped with the side seat, the side symmetry of side seat is equipped with the third pneumatic cylinder, the flexible end of third pneumatic cylinder be equipped with gear engagement's regulation rack.
A drilling method for a surface directional drilling device, comprising the steps of:
S1, when the drilling device is moved to a drilling point and vertical drilling is carried out, the lower drilling assembly is utilized for vertical drilling, and when inclined drilling is needed, the lower drilling assembly is driven to incline by the adjusting assembly, so that inclined drilling is realized;
S2, when the drill rods are needed to be connected, penetrating the top end of the drill rod positioned at the uppermost side through the middle of the fixing hole, and driving the auxiliary wedge-shaped blocks to move by utilizing the driving mechanism so that the fixing blocks are folded to clamp and fix the top end of the drill rod positioned at the top side;
S3, driving the clamping mechanism to correspond to the joint of the top end of the drill rod positioned at the top side and the lower drilling component by using the second hydraulic cylinder, clamping the outer side of the joint of the bottom end of the lower drilling component and the drill rod positioned at the top side by using the clamping mechanism, driving the clamping mechanism to rotate by using the rotating mechanism, loosening between the top end of the drill rod and the lower drilling component is realized, and then enabling the lower drilling component to separate from the top side of the drill rod by rotating and upward movement of the lower drilling component;
s4, inclining the lower drilling assembly to the front side after the lower drilling assembly is separated, connecting the added drill rod with the output end of the lower drilling assembly in a threaded manner by utilizing the cooperation of an external loading and unloading mechanism and the lower drilling assembly, lifting the lower drilling assembly and simultaneously recovering the vertical state, enabling the added drill rod to correspond to and be in butt joint with the upper connector of the drill rod in the middle of the fixing assembly, and connecting the lower connector of the added drill rod with the upper connector of the drill rod at the bottom side in a threaded manner by utilizing the rotation and downward movement of the output end of the lower drilling assembly;
S5, after connection is completed, the clamping mechanism is clamped at the joint between the newly-connected drill rod and the drill rod at the bottom side, and at the moment, the clamping mechanism is clamped outside the lower connector at the bottom of the newly-connected drill rod, and the rotating mechanism is used for driving the clamping mechanism to rotate to further screw and strengthen the joint of the two drill rods, so that the extension and connection of the drill rods are realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the first hydraulic motor is started to drive the drill rod to rotate through the connecting rod, meanwhile, the shrinkage of the first hydraulic cylinder is utilized to drive the drill bit to move downwards, so that downward vertical drilling is realized, when inclined drilling is needed, the third hydraulic cylinder is utilized to drive the adjusting rack to shrink, and the rack is driven to incline through the gear, so that the drill rod is adjusted to an inclined state, and the first hydraulic cylinder is utilized to shrink and feed and the first hydraulic motor is utilized to drive the drill rod to rotate to perform inclined drilling.
2. According to the invention, the second hydraulic rods opposite to the inclination direction are started to enable the auxiliary wedge blocks opposite to the inclination direction to move towards the center of the fixed hole and collide with the outer wall of the drill rod, so that inclination of the drill rod is corrected, when the drill rod is inclined along any angle direction of an included angle between the bidirectional screw rod and the clamping seat, two adjacent second hydraulic rods opposite to the inclination direction are started, so that two adjacent elastic blocks move along one side opposite to the inclination direction of the drill rod, correction of the inclination of the drill rod is realized, and when the stress of each first pressure sensor and each second pressure sensor is zero, the drill rod is not in contact with the inner side of the arc-shaped tooth seat, and the correction is judged to be finished.
3. According to the invention, when the drill rod rotates, the second hydraulic rods are sequentially started, so that the elastic blocks sequentially impact the side face of the drill rod, the bottom drill bit sequentially receives impact forces in different directions, the impact forces of the drill bit are transmitted into the rock stratum at the ground, the crushing effect on the rock stratum is improved, the drill bit is easier to feed when encountering hard rock stratum, and when the drill bit is blocked, the drill bit is vibrated to realize the blocking removal by utilizing the mode.
4. According to the invention, when the drill rod is lifted, the elastic blocks are attached to the outer wall of the drill rod by the driving mechanism, the drill rod is driven to rotate by the first hydraulic motor, and attachments adhered to the outer wall of the drill rod are cleaned by the edges, which are contacted with the drill rod, of the elastic blocks.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the axial structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fixing assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the auxiliary assembly structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the arc tooth holder of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the auxiliary assembly of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a stand; 101. a drill rod; 2. a tripping assembly; 201. a guide frame; 202. a movable seat; 203. a first hydraulic cylinder; 204. a mounting arm; 205. an adjusting seat; 206. a first hydraulic lever; 207. a first hydraulic motor; 208. a connecting rod; 209. a tooth sleeve; 3. a fixing assembly; 301. a fixing seat; 302. a fixing hole; 303. a transmission groove; 304. a guide rod; 305. a secondary wedge; 306. a fixed block; 307. an elastic block; 308. a return spring; 309. a mounting ring; 310. a second hydraulic lever; 311. a main wedge block; 4. an auxiliary component; 401. a second hydraulic cylinder; 402. a U-shaped seat; 403. an arc-shaped slide rail; 404. an arc-shaped sliding block; 405. a guide rail; 406. a bidirectional screw; 407. a slide; 408. a second hydraulic motor; 409. a clamping seat; 410. an elastic pad; 411. arc tooth holder; 412. a first pressure sensor; 413. a second pressure sensor; 414. arc tooth blocks; 415. a mounting base; 416. rotating the rack; 417. a third hydraulic lever; 5. an adjustment assembly; 501. a base; 502. a support; 503. an adjusting column; 504. a gear; 505. a side seat; 506. a third hydraulic cylinder; 507. adjusting the rack; 508. and a supporting seat.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the invention provides a directional drilling device for the ground, which comprises a stand 1, wherein a lower drilling assembly 2 is arranged at the top of the stand 1, the lower drilling assembly 2 comprises a guide frame 201, a movable seat 202 is connected in a sliding manner in the guide frame 201, a first hydraulic cylinder 203 is arranged between the bottom surface of the movable seat 202 and the top surface of the stand 1, mounting arms 204 are symmetrically arranged on the side surfaces of the movable seat 202, an adjusting seat 205 is connected between the mounting arms 204 on two sides in a rotating manner, a first hydraulic motor 207 is arranged in the adjusting seat 205, an output shaft of the first hydraulic motor 207 is fixedly connected with a connecting rod 208, a toothed sleeve 209 is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the bottom end of the connecting rod 208, a toothed sleeve 209 is fixedly sleeved on the outer part of a lower connector at the bottom of each drill rod 101, after the threaded sleeve at the bottom end of the connecting rod 208 is in threaded connection with an upper connector at the top of the drill rod 101, the first hydraulic motor 207 is driven by an external hydraulic station to rotate, and the movable seat 202 is driven to move downwards by shrinkage of the first hydraulic cylinder 203, so that the downward feeding of the drill rod 101 is realized.
The first hydraulic rod 206 is obliquely arranged between the adjusting seat 205 and the movable seat 202, two ends of the first hydraulic rod 206 are movably connected with the adjusting seat 205 and the movable seat 202 respectively, the top of the adjusting seat 205 is driven to rotate towards one side of the movable seat 202 by utilizing the shrinkage of the first hydraulic rod 206, the inclination of the connecting rod 208 and the drill rod 101 towards the side far away from the movable seat 202 is realized, the bottom end of the drill rod 101 is inclined towards the side far away from the stand 1, and the drill rod 101 is convenient to assemble and disassemble from the connecting rod 208.
One side of the stand 1 is provided with a fixing component 3, the middle part of the fixing component 3 is penetrated with a drill rod 101, two ends of the drill rod 101 are respectively provided with an upper connector and a lower connector, the diameter of the upper connector is smaller than that of the lower connector, a threaded sleeve at the bottom end of the connecting rod 208 is in threaded connection with the upper connector of the drill rod 101, the upper adjacent drill rods 101 and the lower adjacent drill rods 101 are connected end to end respectively through the respective lower connectors and the upper connectors, and the upper connector at the top of the uppermost drill rod 101 is in threaded connection with the bottom end of the connecting rod 208.
The fixing assembly 3 comprises a fixing seat 301, a fixing hole 302 is formed in the middle of the fixing seat 301, a drill rod 101 is located at the center of the fixing hole 302, transmission grooves 303 are formed in the surface of the fixing seat 301 at equal intervals, one side, close to the fixing hole 302, of each transmission groove 303 is provided with guide rods 304 in a sliding penetrating mode, one side, located in the transmission groove 303, of each guide rod 304 is sleeved with a reset spring 308, one end, located in the transmission groove 303, of each guide rod 304 is provided with a fixing block 306, the side face, located in the fixing hole 302, of each guide rod 304 is provided with an elastic block 307, the elastic blocks 307 are made of high-temperature-resistant rubber materials, the top face of the fixing seat 301 is provided with a driving mechanism used for driving the corresponding auxiliary wedge blocks 305 to move horizontally, the driving mechanism drives the corresponding auxiliary wedge blocks 305 to move horizontally, clamping and fixing the tops of the drill rod 101 are closed mutually through the guide rods 304, the clamping force is buffered by the elastic blocks 307, the protection of the guide rods 101, and reset springs 308 are arranged to reset the guide rods 304 and the fixing blocks 306.
The driving mechanism comprises a mounting ring 309, the mounting ring 309 is arranged on the top surface of the fixed seat 301 through a supporting rod, second hydraulic rods 310 are arranged on the mounting ring 309 at equal intervals, main wedge blocks 311 which are correspondingly matched with the auxiliary wedge blocks 305 are arranged at the bottom telescopic ends of the second hydraulic rods 310, synchronous horizontal movement of the auxiliary wedge blocks 305 is realized by synchronous downward movement of the second hydraulic rods 310, and power is provided for clamping of the drill rod 101.
The side bottom of the drill component 2 is provided with an auxiliary component 4, the auxiliary component 4 comprises two second hydraulic cylinders 401 which are symmetrically arranged, the two second hydraulic cylinders 401 are respectively arranged on two sides of the guide frame 201, the telescopic ends of the second hydraulic cylinders 401 are provided with arc slide rails 403 through U-shaped seats 402, the inner parts of the arc slide rails 403 are slidably connected with arc slide blocks 404, the tops of the arc slide blocks 404 are provided with clamping mechanisms, the U-shaped seats 402 are provided with rotating mechanisms for driving the clamping mechanisms to rotate, the second hydraulic cylinders 401 are used for driving the clamping mechanisms to move to one side of the connecting rod 208, the drill rod 101 and the connecting rod 208 are located in the clamping mechanisms, the clamping mechanisms are started to clamp the joint between the drill rod 101 and the connecting rod 208, the rotating mechanisms are used for driving the clamping mechanisms to rotate, and the joint is loosened when the drill rod 101 is connected or the drill rod 101 is detached, and the disassembly is convenient.
The clamping mechanism comprises a guide rail 405 arranged on the top surface of an arc-shaped sliding block 404, a bidirectional screw rod 406 is rotationally connected to the middle part of the guide rail 405, threads with opposite spiral directions are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bidirectional screw rod 406, a sliding seat 407 is symmetrically connected with the two sides of the bidirectional screw rod 406 in a threaded manner, the sliding seat 407 is in sliding connection with the guide rail 405, a second hydraulic motor 408 is arranged at the end part of the guide rail 405, an output shaft of the second hydraulic motor 408 is fixedly connected with the end part of the bidirectional screw rod 406, the circle center of the arc-shaped sliding rail 403 coincides with the circle center of a fixed hole 302, clamping seats 409 are symmetrically arranged on the side surfaces of the sliding seat 407 on two sides, arc-shaped tooth seats 411 are symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides of the clamping seats 409 on two sides, the bidirectional screw rod 406 is driven to rotate by the second hydraulic motor 408, so that the sliding seats 407 on two sides are mutually folded, the clamping seats 409 on two sides drive the arc tooth seats 411 on two sides to be mutually folded, the opposite sides of the arc tooth seats 411 on two sides are respectively provided with an arc groove, the middle part of the inner side of each arc groove is provided with a tooth groove, the circle centers of the arc tooth seats 411 on two sides are overlapped with the circle centers of the fixed holes 302 in the combined state, and after the arc tooth seats 411 on two sides are completely combined, the tooth grooves in the arc tooth seats 411 on two sides are just meshed with the meshing teeth outside the tooth sleeve 209, so that limiting is performed during assembly and disassembly and connection of the drill rod 101, slipping is prevented, the tooth sleeve 209 is just completely wrapped, and the diameter of the tooth sleeve 209 is larger than that of the drill rod 101.
The rotating mechanism comprises an arc tooth block 414 arranged on the top surface of the guide rail 405 and a mounting seat 415 arranged on the top surface of the U-shaped seat 402, the circle center of the arc tooth block 414 coincides with the circle center of the fixed hole 302, when the arc tooth block 411 clamps the tooth sleeve 209, the circle center of the arc tooth block 411 coincides with the circle center of the fixed hole 302, one side of the mounting seat 415 is slidably connected with a rotary rack 416 meshed with the arc tooth block 414, the other side of the mounting seat 415 is provided with a third hydraulic rod 417, the telescopic end of the third hydraulic rod 417 is fixedly connected with the end part of the rotary rack 416, the rotary rack 416 is driven to slide by utilizing extension of the third hydraulic rod 417, the rotary rack 416 is meshed with the arc tooth block 414 to drive the guide rail 405 to rotate along the center of the fixed hole 302, and meanwhile, the arc sliding block 404 slides along an arc guide groove in the arc sliding rail 403.
As shown in fig. 2, an adjusting component 5 is arranged at the bottom of the stand 1, the adjusting component 5 comprises a base 501, the base 501 is arranged at the bottom of the stand 1, a support 502 is arranged on the surface of the base 501, an adjusting column 503 is rotatably connected to the top of the support 502, supporting seats 508 fixedly connected with the stand 1 are arranged on two sides of the adjusting column 503, a gear 504 is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the adjusting column 503, a side seat 505 is arranged at the end of the surface of the base 501, a third hydraulic cylinder 506 is symmetrically arranged on the side surface of the side seat 505, an adjusting rack 507 meshed with the gear 504 is arranged at the telescopic end of the third hydraulic cylinder 506, when oblique drilling is performed, the extension of the third hydraulic cylinder 506 is utilized to drive the adjusting rack 507 to move forwards, the adjusting rack 507 drives the gear 504 to rotate, the stand 1 inclines to one side of the side seat 505, and the downward drilling component 2 is inclined, so that oblique drilling is realized.
When in use, a first drill rod 101 is connected to the end of a connecting rod 208, specifically, the first hydraulic motor 207 is started to drive the connecting rod 208 to rotate and drive the empty connecting rod 208 upwards by means of the extension of the first hydraulic cylinder 203, the top of the adjusting seat 205 is driven to tilt towards one side of the movable seat 202 by means of the contraction of the first hydraulic rod 206, the connecting rod 208 is tilted to correspond to the end of the drill rod 101 to be connected on an external loading and unloading mechanism, wherein the loading and unloading mechanism is of the prior art, the drill rod 101 to be connected is driven to push the bottom end of the connecting rod 208 by means of the loading and unloading mechanism, the upper connector of the drill rod 101 is made to butt against the threaded sleeve at the bottom end of the connecting rod 208, the first hydraulic motor 207 is started to drive the connecting rod 208 to rotate and drive the upper connector of the drill rod 101 to push upwards by means of the slant of the drill rod 101 to realize the butt joint of the connecting rod 208, after the butt joint is finished, the drill rod 101 is driven to move downwards to retract by means of the extension of the first hydraulic cylinder 203, the drill rod 101 is driven to move upwards by means of the extension of the first hydraulic cylinder 203, the bottom end of the adjusting seat 205 is gradually returns to a vertical state by means of the extension of the first hydraulic rod 206, the bottom end of the drill rod 101 is made to correspond to the fixed hole 302, the bottom of the drill rod 101 is made to move downwards by means of the first hydraulic cylinder 203, and the first hydraulic cylinder 203 is driven to tilt the bottom the fixed hole 101 is driven to move downwards by means of the fixed hole 101 by means of the fixed hole, and the fixed hole is made to move by the fixed rod 101 by means of the jack is driven to move a jack-down, and the jack is driven to move a drill rod 101 to move a jack is driven to move a vertical rod 101 by a vertical. The purpose of directional drilling is achieved.
When drilling, because drilling rod 101 has toughness, and under the effect of decurrent feed force and vibration, drilling rod 101 takes place bending deformation easily, leads to the drill bit atress uneven, leads to the drilling direction of drill bit to take place the skew, and the skew of drill bit can lead to drilling rod 101 to take place the slope, influences drilling accuracy to can reduce drilling rod 101's life, in order to solve above-mentioned problem:
As shown in fig. 5, an elastic pad 410 is disposed between the arc-shaped tooth holder 411 and the clamping holder 409, the elastic pad 410 is preferably made of high temperature resistant rubber, the elastic pad 410 can be buffer-protected during clamping, first pressure sensors 412 are symmetrically disposed on two sides between the elastic pad 410 and the clamping holder 409, and the first pressure sensors 412 disposed on two sides of the clamping holder 409 on the same side are used for respectively detecting extrusion forces from two ends of the arc-shaped tooth holder 411.
As shown in fig. 5, the positions of the two ends of the side surface of the clamping seat 409 corresponding to the ends of the elastic pad 410 are respectively provided with a second pressure sensor 413, the detection ends of the second pressure sensors 413 on two sides respectively collide with the two ends of the clamping seat 409, the second pressure sensors 413 on two ends of the clamping seat 409 on the same side are used for detecting the collision force from the arc tooth seat 411, and the two sides are respectively fixedly connected with the side surface of the arc tooth seat 411 and the side surface of the clamping seat 409 due to the flexibility of the elastic pad 410, when the arc tooth seat 411 is subjected to an external force along the length direction, the elastic pad 410 can deform along the length direction of the elastic pad 411, so that the arc tooth seat 411 moves along the length direction of the elastic pad 410, and the collision force is applied to the second pressure sensor 413 on one end.
In the process of drilling, before the drill rod 101 rotates, the second hydraulic cylinder 401 is used for driving the U-shaped seat 402 to move, the U-shaped seat 402 drives the arc slide rail 403 to move, the arc slide rail 403 drives the guide rail 405 to move, the arc tooth seats 411 on two sides move towards the drill rod 101 through the clamping seats 409 on two sides, the arc tooth seats 411 on two sides are located on two sides of the drill rod 101, the second hydraulic motor 408 is started for driving the bidirectional screw 406 to rotate, the arc tooth seats 411 on two sides are combined, and after the combination is completed, a gap is reserved between the inner side face of the arc tooth seats 411 and the outer wall of the rod body of the drill rod 101.
In the normal drilling and boring process, each elastic block 307 is far away from the drill rod 101, when the drill rod 101 tilts, the side wall of the drill rod 101 is abutted against the inner side of the arc tooth seat 411, namely, when the drill rod 101 tilts towards the middle part of the arc tooth block 414, the stress values of the two second pressure sensors 413 on the two sides of the clamping seat 409, which are close to one side of the arc tooth block 414, are larger than the set threshold, when the drill rod 101 tilts towards the middle part far away from the arc tooth block 414, the stress values of the two second pressure sensors 413 on the two sides of the clamping seat 409, which are far away from one side of the arc tooth block 414, are larger than the set threshold, and when the drill rod 101 tilts along the axial direction of the bidirectional screw 406, the stress of the two first pressure sensors 412 on one side of the clamping seat 409 is larger than the set threshold, and when the drill rod 101 tilts along any angle direction of the included angle between the bidirectional screw 406 and the clamping seat 409, the stress of the first pressure sensors 412 and the second pressure sensors 413 on the same end on the same side of the clamping seat 409 is larger than the set threshold, so as to judge the tilting direction of the drill rod 101.
When the inclination direction of the drill rod 101 is judged, and when the drill rod 101 is inclined in the forward direction, the second hydraulic rods 310 opposite to the inclination direction are started, the other second hydraulic rods 310 do not work, so that the second hydraulic rods 310 opposite to the inclination direction drive the main wedge blocks 311 at the bottom, the auxiliary wedge blocks 305 corresponding to the bottom move towards the center of the fixed holes 302, the corresponding fixed blocks 306 and the elastic blocks 307 are abutted against the outer wall of the drill rod 101, thrust force is applied to the outer wall of the drill rod 101, at the moment, the thrust direction is opposite to the inclination direction of the drill rod 101, so that inclination of the drill rod 101 is corrected, when the drill rod 101 is inclined in any angle direction between the bidirectional screw 406 and the clamping seat 409, the adjacent two second hydraulic rods 310 opposite to the inclination direction are started, so that the adjacent two elastic blocks 307 move in the side opposite to the inclination direction of the drill rod 101, correction of the drill rod 101 is realized, and when the stress of each first pressure sensor 412 and the second pressure sensor 413 is zero, the inner side 411 is not contacted with the arc-shaped tooth seat 411, and then the correction of the elastic blocks 307 is judged to be finished.
It should be noted that in the inclined drilling state, since drill pipe 101 is in an inclined state, the degree of bending deformation of drill pipe 101 is increased by the influence of gravity, but the correction is still performed using the correction scheme described above.
In addition, through setting up torque sensor on the output shaft of first hydraulic motor 207, in the drill bit drilling process, when detecting torsion through torque sensor on the output shaft of first hydraulic motor 207 and being greater than the threshold value that sets up, then judge that drilling rod 101 rotation resistance increases, meet the formation that is difficult to creep into, at this moment, while drilling rod 101 rotates, each second hydraulic stem 310 is started fast in proper order for each elastic block 307 strikes the side of drilling rod 101 in proper order, make the bottom drill bit receive the impact force of different orientation in proper order, the impact force of drill bit transmits in the stratum of earth, improve the crushing effect to the stratum, and then make the drill bit feed more easily when meetting hard stratum, and when the drill bit is blocked, make the drill bit vibration realize the unhairing by the mode of likewise utilizing above-mentioned mode.
In addition, when a new drill pipe 101 needs to be connected, the connecting rod 208 and the uppermost drill pipe 101 need to be detached firstly, and at the moment, the connecting rod 208 and the drill pipe 101 are in threaded connection very tightly, if the connecting rod 208 is directly driven to rotate by the first hydraulic motor 207 to detach the drill pipe 101 during detachment, damage to parts is easily caused, therefore, the connection part between the connecting rod 208 and the drill pipe 101 needs to be loosened firstly, at the moment, the upper connector of the uppermost drill pipe 101 is firstly moved to the upper side of the fixing seat 301, and each second hydraulic rod 310 is synchronously started to drive the main wedge block 311 to move downwards, so that each elastic block 307 is closed to clamp and fix the top of the drill pipe 101, and at the moment, the arc-shaped tooth seat 411 corresponds to the connection part between the uppermost drill pipe 101 and the connecting rod 208, the arc-shaped tooth seat 411 on two sides is positioned between the connection parts by the second hydraulic cylinder 401, the arc-shaped tooth seat 411 on two sides is started to be closed, after the arc-shaped seat 411 is completely closed, the tooth socket 209 is completely meshed with the meshing teeth, and the third hydraulic rod is started to drive the rotary tooth socket 416 to move to the upper side of the fixing seat 301, the arc-shaped tooth socket 208 is driven to move upwards by the connecting rod 101, and then the arc-shaped tooth socket 208 is driven to move the arc-shaped seat 208 to rotate, and the connecting rod 208 is further moved to be moved to the connection part by the arc-shaped tooth seat 208 is moved by the arc-shaped connection rod 208, and the connection part is driven to move the arc-shaped tooth socket 208.
After the disassembly is finished, the adjusting seat 205 is utilized to drive the connecting rod 208 to incline by utilizing the contraction of the first hydraulic rod 206, the connecting rod 208 is parallel to the to-be-spliced drilling rod 101 on the external loading and unloading mechanism, the height of the connecting rod 208 is adjusted by utilizing the contraction of the first hydraulic cylinder 203, the end part of the connecting rod 208 corresponds to the end part of the to-be-spliced drilling rod 101, the drilling rod 101 is pushed to the bottom thread bush of the connecting rod 208 by utilizing the external loading and unloading mechanism and is in butt joint, then the first hydraulic motor 207 is started to drive the connecting rod 208 to rotate so as to realize the threaded connection between the upper connector of the newly-spliced drilling rod 101 and the connecting rod 208, the connecting rod 208 is enabled to move upwards by utilizing the first hydraulic cylinder 203, meanwhile, the connecting rod 208 is gradually restored to be in a vertical state by utilizing the first hydraulic rod 206 and corresponds to the center of the fixed hole 302, and the newly-spliced drilling rod 101 is driven to move downwards by utilizing the contraction of the first hydraulic cylinder 203 so as to be in butt joint with the upper connector at the top of the drilling rod 101 at the lower side.
However, when the newly-added drill rod 101 is slightly bent and deformed, the newly-added drill rod 101 cannot be completely butted with the drill rod 101 to be connected at the bottom, and manual assistance is needed, so when the newly-added drill rod 101 is restored to a vertical state and the newly-added drill rod 101 moves down between the arc tooth seats 411 at the two sides, the second hydraulic motor 408 is started to enable the arc tooth seats 411 at the two sides to fold so as to clamp the drill rod 101 at the middle part, the clamping force is smaller at the moment, the drill rod 101 can freely move downwards and rotate, meanwhile, the second hydraulic cylinder 401 is started to drive the arc tooth seats 411 to move forwards or backwards, the bottom end of the newly-added drill rod 101 completely corresponds to the top end of the drill rod 101 to be connected at the bottom, the first hydraulic cylinder 203 is used for shrinking so as to drive the newly-added drill rod 101 to move downwards to be butted with the top end of the drill rod 101 at the lower side, manual participation is reduced, and automatic butting is realized, and in order to further improve the automatic butting capability, and an automatic sensing function is realized by adding a photoelectric sensor so as to judge whether the end parts of the upper and lower drill rod 101 correspond.
It should be noted that when drilling a borehole at an inclination, the newly added drill pipe 101 is affected by gravity, and the degree of downward bending deformation is increased before the newly added drill pipe 101 is butted with the drill pipe 101 to be connected at the bottom, but the butting using the above-mentioned butting scheme is still not affected.
After the butt joint is finished, the newly-added drill rod 101 is driven to rotate by the first hydraulic motor 207, meanwhile, the first hydraulic cylinder 203 is contracted to enable the lower connector at the bottom of the newly-added drill rod 101 to be in primary threaded connection with the upper connector of the lower drill rod 101, then the arc-shaped tooth holder 411 and the tooth sleeve 209 outside the lower connector of the newly-added drill rod 101 are completely wrapped, the arc-shaped tooth holder 411 is driven to rotate by the rotating mechanism, further threaded connection screwing between the newly-added drill rod 101 and the drill rod 101 at the bottom side is achieved, and the addition extension of the drill rod 101 is achieved.
When the drill rod 101 is required to be lifted and detached after the use, as more attachments are attached to the outer wall of the drill rod 101 in the working process, cleaning is required in time to prevent solidification from affecting reuse, when the drill rod 101 is lifted, the elastic blocks 307 are attached to the outer wall of the drill rod 101 by the driving mechanism, the drill rod 101 is driven to rotate by the first hydraulic motor 207, and the attachments attached to the outer wall of the drill rod 101 are cleaned by the edges, which are contacted with the drill rod 101, of the elastic blocks 307.
The invention also provides a drilling method for the ground directional drilling device, which comprises the following steps:
S1, when the drilling device is moved to a drilling point and vertical drilling is carried out, the lower drilling assembly 2 is utilized for vertical drilling, and when inclined drilling is needed, the lower drilling assembly 2 is driven to incline by the adjusting assembly 5, so that inclined drilling is realized;
S2, when the drill rods 101 are needed to be connected, the top ends of the drill rods 101 positioned at the uppermost side penetrate through the middle of the fixing holes 302, and the driving mechanism is used for driving the auxiliary wedge blocks 305 to move so that the fixing blocks 306 are folded to clamp and fix the top ends of the drill rods 101 positioned at the top side;
S3, driving the clamping mechanism to correspond to the joint of the top end of the drill rod 101 positioned at the top side and the lower drill component 2 by using the second hydraulic cylinder 401, clamping the outer side of the joint between the bottom end of the lower drill component 2 and the drill rod 101 positioned at the top side by using the clamping mechanism, driving the clamping mechanism to rotate by using the rotating mechanism, loosening between the top end of the drill rod 101 and the lower drill component 2 is realized, and rotating and upward moving the lower drill component 2 to separate the lower drill component 2 from the top side of the drill rod 101;
S4, inclining the lower drill assembly 2 to the front side after disengaging, connecting the connected drill rod 101 to the output end of the lower drill assembly 2 in a threaded manner by utilizing the cooperation of an external loading and unloading mechanism and the lower drill assembly 2, lifting the lower drill assembly 2 and simultaneously recovering the vertical state, enabling the connected drill rod 101 to correspond to and be in butt joint with the upper connector of the drill rod 101 at the bottom, and connecting the lower connector of the connected drill rod 101 to the upper connector of the drill rod 101 at the bottom side in a threaded manner by utilizing the rotation and downward movement of the output end of the lower drill assembly 2;
s5, after connection is completed, the clamping mechanism is clamped at the joint between the newly-added drilling rod 101 and the drilling rod 101 at the bottom side, and at the moment, the clamping mechanism is clamped outside the lower connector at the bottom of the newly-added drilling rod 101, and the rotating mechanism is used for driving the clamping mechanism to rotate so as to further screw and strengthen the joint of the two drilling rods 101, so that extension and addition of the drilling rods 101 are realized.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a directional drilling equipment in ground, includes frame (1), its characterized in that, the top of frame (1) is equipped with down and bores subassembly (2), one side of frame (1) is equipped with fixed subassembly (3), the middle part of fixed subassembly (3) is run through has drilling rod (101), the side bottom of down boring subassembly (2) is equipped with auxiliary assembly (4), the bottom of frame (1) is equipped with adjusting part (5);
The fixing assembly (3) comprises a fixing seat (301), fixing holes (302) are formed in the middle of the fixing seat (301), transmission grooves (303) are formed in the surface of the fixing seat (301) at equal intervals, guide rods (304) are slidably penetrated through one sides of the transmission grooves (303) close to the fixing holes (302), auxiliary wedge blocks (305) are arranged at one ends of the guide rods (304) located in the transmission grooves (303), fixing blocks (306) are arranged at one ends of the guide rods (304) located in the fixing holes (302), and a driving mechanism used for driving the auxiliary wedge blocks (305) to horizontally move is arranged on the top surface of the fixing seat (301).
The auxiliary assembly (4) comprises two second hydraulic cylinders (401) which are symmetrically arranged, the two second hydraulic cylinders (401) are respectively arranged on two sides of the guide frame (201), an arc-shaped sliding rail (403) is arranged at the telescopic end of each second hydraulic cylinder (401) through a U-shaped seat (402), an arc-shaped sliding block (404) is connected to the inside of each arc-shaped sliding rail (403) in a sliding mode, a clamping mechanism is arranged at the top of each arc-shaped sliding block (404), and a rotating mechanism used for driving the clamping mechanism to rotate is arranged on each U-shaped seat (402).
2. A directional drilling apparatus for use on the ground according to claim 1, wherein: the lower drill assembly (2) comprises a guide frame (201), a movable seat (202) is connected in the guide frame (201) in a sliding mode, a first hydraulic cylinder (203) is arranged between the bottom surface of the movable seat (202) and the top surface of a stand (1), mounting arms (204) are symmetrically arranged on the side faces of the movable seat (202), adjusting seats (205) are connected between the mounting arms (204) in a rotating mode, a first hydraulic motor (207) is arranged in the adjusting seats (205), a connecting rod (208) is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the first hydraulic motor (207), and a toothed sleeve (209) is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the bottom end of the connecting rod (208).
3. A directional drilling apparatus for use on the ground according to claim 2, wherein: a first hydraulic rod (206) is obliquely arranged between the adjusting seat (205) and the movable seat (202), and two ends of the first hydraulic rod (206) are respectively and movably connected with the adjusting seat (205) and the movable seat (202).
4. A directional drilling apparatus for use on the ground according to claim 2, wherein: the two ends of the drill rod (101) are respectively provided with an upper connector and a lower connector, the drill rod (101) is positioned at the center of the fixing hole (302), the bottom end of the connecting rod (208) is in threaded connection with the upper connector of the drill rod (101), the side face of the fixing block (306) is provided with an elastic block (307), and one side of the guide rod (304) positioned in the transmission groove (303) is sleeved with a reset spring (308).
5. A directional drilling apparatus for use on the ground according to claim 2, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a mounting ring (309), the mounting ring (309) is arranged on the top surface of the fixing seat (301) through a supporting rod, second hydraulic rods (310) are arranged on the mounting ring (309) at equal intervals, and main wedge blocks (311) which are correspondingly matched with the auxiliary wedge blocks (305) are arranged at the bottom telescopic ends of the second hydraulic rods (310).
6. A directional drilling apparatus for use on the ground according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping mechanism comprises a guide rail (405) arranged on the top surface of the arc-shaped sliding block (404), a bidirectional screw (406) is rotationally connected to the middle of the guide rail (405), threads with opposite spiral directions are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bidirectional screw (406), a sliding seat (407) is connected to the two sides of the bidirectional screw (406) in a threaded mode, the sliding seat (407) is slidably connected with the guide rail (405), a second hydraulic motor (408) is arranged at the end portion of the guide rail (405), an output shaft of the second hydraulic motor (408) is fixedly connected with the end portion of the bidirectional screw (406), and the circle center of the arc-shaped sliding rail (403) coincides with the circle center of the fixing hole (302).
7. A directional drilling apparatus for use on the ground as recited in claim 6, wherein: the side symmetry of slide (407) in both sides is equipped with grip slipper (409), both sides opposite one side symmetry of grip slipper (409) is equipped with arc toothholder (411), arc toothholder (411) with be equipped with between grip slipper (409) elastic pad (410), both sides symmetry between elastic pad (410) and grip slipper (409) is equipped with first pressure sensor (412), both sides both ends of the side of grip slipper (409) all are equipped with second pressure sensor (413) with the position that elastic pad (410) tip corresponds.
8. A directional drilling apparatus for use on the ground as recited in claim 6, wherein: the rotating mechanism comprises an arc-shaped tooth block (414) arranged on the top surface of the guide rail (405) and a mounting seat (415) arranged on the top surface of the U-shaped seat (402), the circle center of the arc-shaped tooth block (414) coincides with the circle center of the fixed hole (302), one side of the mounting seat (415) is slidably connected with a rotary rack (416) meshed with the arc-shaped tooth block (414), the other side of the mounting seat (415) is provided with a third hydraulic rod (417), and the telescopic end of the third hydraulic rod (417) is fixedly connected with the end part of the rotary rack (416).
9. A directional drilling apparatus for use on the ground according to claim 1, wherein: the adjusting component (5) comprises a base (501), the base (501) is arranged at the bottom of the stand (1), a support (502) is arranged on the surface of the base (501), an adjusting column (503) is rotationally connected to the top of the support (502), supporting seats (508) fixedly connected with the stand (1) are arranged on two sides of the adjusting column (503), gears (504) are fixedly sleeved on the middle of the adjusting column (503), side seats (505) are arranged at the end parts of the surface of the base (501), third hydraulic cylinders (506) are symmetrically arranged on the side faces of the side seats (505), and adjusting racks (507) meshed with the gears (504) are arranged at the telescopic ends of the third hydraulic cylinders (506).
10. A drilling method for a ground directional drilling device according to any one of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of:
S1, when the drilling device is moved to a drilling point and vertical drilling is carried out, the lower drilling assembly (2) is utilized for vertical drilling, and when inclined drilling is needed, the lower drilling assembly (2) is driven by the adjusting assembly (5) to incline, so that inclined drilling is realized;
S2, when the drill rods (101) are required to be connected, penetrating the top end of the drill rod (101) positioned at the uppermost side through the middle of the fixing hole (302), and driving the auxiliary wedge blocks (305) to move by utilizing the driving mechanism so that the fixing blocks (306) are folded to clamp and fix the top end of the drill rod (101) positioned at the uppermost side;
S3, driving the clamping mechanism to correspond to the joint of the drill rod (101) positioned at the top side and the lower drill component (2) by utilizing the second hydraulic cylinder (401), clamping the outer side of the joint of the bottom end of the lower drill component (2) and the drill rod (101) positioned at the top side by utilizing the clamping mechanism, driving the clamping mechanism to rotate by utilizing the rotating mechanism, loosening between the top end of the drill rod (101) and the lower drill component (2) is realized, and rotating and upward moving the lower drill component (2) to separate the lower drill component (2) from the top side of the drill rod (101);
S4, inclining the lower drilling assembly (2) to the front side after disengaging, connecting the connected drilling rod (101) at the output end of the lower drilling assembly (2) in a threaded manner by utilizing the cooperation of an external loading and unloading mechanism and the lower drilling assembly (2), and then lifting the lower drilling assembly (2) while recovering the vertical state, so that the connected drilling rod (101) corresponds to and is in butt joint with the upper connector of the drilling rod (101) in the middle of the fixed assembly (3), and connecting the lower connector of the connected drilling rod (101) with the upper connector of the drilling rod (101) at the bottom side in a threaded manner by utilizing the rotation and downward movement of the output end of the lower drilling assembly (2);
s5, after connection is completed, the clamping mechanism is clamped at the joint between the newly-connected drilling rod (101) and the drilling rod (101) at the bottom side, and at the moment, the clamping mechanism is clamped at the outer part of the lower connector at the bottom of the newly-connected drilling rod (101), and the rotating mechanism is used for driving the clamping mechanism to rotate to further screw and strengthen the joint of the two drilling rods (101), so that the extension connection of the drilling rods (101) is realized.
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