CN118060936A - Dual-purpose tool for box products and processing method - Google Patents
Dual-purpose tool for box products and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118060936A CN118060936A CN202410264656.8A CN202410264656A CN118060936A CN 118060936 A CN118060936 A CN 118060936A CN 202410264656 A CN202410264656 A CN 202410264656A CN 118060936 A CN118060936 A CN 118060936A
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of machining of aerospace products, and discloses a dual-purpose tool for box products and a machining method. The tool disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high reliability, reasonable design, simple structure, simplicity in operation, low skill level requirement, small fit clearance and high positioning accuracy. The defects of the traditional combined clamp (clamp formed by matching the angle irons of the lathe faceplate) during use are avoided, the clamping and aligning time of the product is greatly shortened, the labor force is reduced, and the personnel cost is reduced. The method can be suitable for the rhythm of the rapid test and iterative production of the aerospace product. The tool has good service performance and long service life, and the tool can be used for mass production. Has wider popularization range and high economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of machining of aerospace products, in particular to a dual-purpose tool for box products and a machining method.
Background
When some box products are machined, the centering of the eccentric circle center of the products is difficult to achieve by utilizing the universal fixture of the lathe, and the clamping of the products is difficult due to the lack of a reference surface. The production of the product mostly uses the traditional combined clamp (the clamp formed by matching the angle irons of the lathe faceplate), but because the error accumulation between standard components in the combined clamp is larger, the time for clamping, positioning and adjusting balance is longer, the production cost is high, the efficiency is low, and the requirements on the skill level of operators are high. Therefore, for mass production of irregular box products, a processing tool and a processing method with convenient loading and unloading of products, high alignment efficiency and high processing quality are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: the processing method of the box products and the tooling with the corresponding method are simple in structure and convenient to operate, can clamp the box products, are high in universality and can replace the traditional combined clamp. The product is not damaged, the method can adapt to mass production rhythm, and the form and position tolerance of the product can be ensured.
The solution of the invention is as follows: a processing method of box products, the box products are quadrangular box structures, and are eccentric parts; the inside is provided with internal threads and intersecting holes, one of the holes penetrates through two ends of the product and extends out of the end face of the box body to form two cylindrical boss structures, namely an H circle and an M circle; the central axis positions of the two H circles and the M circle are not in the center of the square box body; the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of designing a dual-purpose tool, wherein the dual-purpose tool comprises a clamping end and a positioning fixed end which is connected with the clamping end and is provided with two mutually perpendicular installation planes;
Defining a virtual coordinate system at the center of an interface where the clamping end and the positioning fixed end are intersected, wherein an X axis coincides with the central axis of the clamping end, a Y axis is perpendicular to one of the installation planes, and a Z axis meets a right-hand Cartesian coordinate system;
Positioning the product according to the relation between two machining parts of the box product and the installation plane by utilizing a six-point positioning principle, and simultaneously, machining a threaded hole and a groove on the installation plane while meeting the coaxial relation between the center line of the part to be machined of the product and the rotation center line of the lathe spindle;
The method comprises the steps of installing a dual-purpose tool on a lathe, longitudinally clamping a product, installing a box product on the dual-purpose tool, enabling a cylindrical protruding structure H to be embedded into a groove on an installation plane along the X direction, and enabling the installation plane to be tightly attached to the end face of the root of the outer circle of the corresponding box product for positioning the product; the fastening piece passes through the product process hole along the X direction and is fixed with the dual-purpose tool, and the eccentric hole F of the box product is machined along the X direction;
after the product is processed, the fastener is disassembled along the X direction;
Transversely clamping a product, circularly embedding a cylindrical boss H of the product into a groove of a mounting plane along the Y direction, and tightly attaching the mounting plane to the end surface of the root part of the outer circle of the corresponding box-type product for positioning the product; the fastener is used for penetrating through a product process hole along the Y direction and is fixed with the dual-purpose tool, and the eccentric hole G of the box body type product is machined along the X direction during machining;
And disassembling the fastener, namely disassembling the fastener along the Y direction after the product is processed.
Preferably, when the dual-purpose tool is installed on a lathe, radial circle runout and end face circle runout of the tool need to be aligned, and the two runout amounts are all in the range of 0.03 mm.
The utility model provides a dual-purpose frock of box class product, box class product is quadrangular box structure, is eccentric part; the inside is provided with internal threads and intersecting holes, one of the holes penetrates through two ends of the product and extends out of the end face of the box body to form two cylindrical boss structures, namely an H circle and an M circle; the central axes of the two H circles and the M circles are not positioned in the center of the square box body, and the tool comprises a tool body; one end of the tool body is a clamping end matched with a lathe, the other end of the tool body is a positioning fixed end with two mutually perpendicular mounting planes, the two mounting planes are respectively used as positioning planes for processing inner holes of different end faces of a product, and two threaded holes and grooves are formed in the two mounting planes; the positions of the threaded holes on the two mounting planes are used for being matched with the process holes on the box-type products to fix the products during processing; the positions of the grooves on the two mounting planes are used for being matched with the cylindrical protruding structures H in a round mode during processing to achieve product positioning, and the fact that an inner hole to be processed is coaxial with the center line of the clamping end is met.
Preferably, the tool further comprises a bushing and a fastener; the bushing is installed in a process hole of a box product, and the fastener penetrates through the bushing and is matched with the threaded hole on the tool body to fix the product.
Preferably, the fastener is a hexagon bolt, and the hexagon bolt is perpendicular to the positioning plane after fastening.
Preferably, the bushing is a polytetrafluoroethylene bushing.
Preferably, the clamping end is of a cylindrical structure.
Preferably, the cylindrical protrusion is in clearance fit with the recess.
Preferably, the gap is 0.01-0.03 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The tool disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the reliability is high, the product positioning is accurate, the quick assembly and disassembly can be realized, the product alignment time is greatly shortened from 15min before to 2min at present, and after the first product is aligned, the product does not need to be aligned again in mass production; the method provides a thought for machining eccentric holes of box products. Compared with the traditional combined clamp, the highest rotating speed is 800r/min, the rotating speed can be improved to 3000r/min, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
2. The operation is simple, the skill level requirement is low, the minimum required skill level is used as a middle-level worker by the traditional combined clamp, and the product can be processed by the primary worker at present;
3. the labor force is reduced, one set of tool is used for processing two inner cavity parts of a product, the use cost of two sets of combined clamps is reduced, and the input personnel cost is reduced.
4. The tool is strong in universality, wide in application range and convenient to assemble and disassemble, the tool can be arranged on most of three-jaw self-centering chucks of lathes, and a product can be assembled and disassembled only by assembling and disassembling two hexagon bolts;
5. The tool has good service performance and long service life, and one set of tool can be used for producing at least 5 thousands of products;
6. the economic benefit is created, the risk of crushing products during clamping of the traditional combined clamp is avoided, the one-time processing qualification rate of the products is improved to 98% from 91%, and compared with the traditional processing method, the cost and the fund are saved by about 2 kiloyuan.
7. The tooling has a wide popularization range and expandability, and is suitable for box structure products.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view 1 of the invention, and the product is in a transverse clamping state. In the figure, (1) product, (2) tool, (3) bushing, (4) hexagonal bolt
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention, shown in FIG. 2; the product is in a longitudinal clamping state.
FIG. 3 is an exemplary product, wherein (H) is a large outer circle;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view in transverse mounting section corresponding to FIG. 1 wherein (G) is an eccentric aperture;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of the installation, corresponding to FIG. 2, wherein (F) is an eccentric cavity;
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples.
The invention relates to the field of machining of aerospace products, and discloses a machining method of box-type products. The invention mainly utilizes the six-point positioning principle to position the product, and simultaneously, the center line of the part to be processed of the product is coaxial with the rotation center line of the main shaft of the lathe, so that the product is positioned at the correct position. And designing a tool according to the distance between the central axis of the part to be processed of the product and the outer surface of the product. The main body of the product is shown in the whole structure figure 3, and the main characteristic of the product is that the product is a quadrangular box body structure, and the interior of the product is provided with internal threads, intersecting holes, eccentric holes G, F and the like. The invention can realize the longitudinal and transverse installation of the product to process the corresponding inner cavity. The reliable clamping of the product and the processing of the eccentric hole position of the product are realized. And dismantle the product conveniently, the frock body can realize most lathes general. The processing steps are as follows:
the method comprises the steps of designing a dual-purpose tool, wherein the dual-purpose tool comprises a clamping end and a positioning fixed end which is connected with the clamping end and is provided with two mutually perpendicular installation planes;
Positioning the product according to the relation between two machining parts of the box product and the installation plane by utilizing a six-point positioning principle, and simultaneously, machining a threaded hole and a groove on the installation plane while meeting the coaxial relation between the center line of the part to be machined of the product and the rotation center line of the lathe spindle;
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the product 1 may be mounted on the tooling 2 transversely or may be mounted on the tooling 2 longitudinally. When the product is mounted transversely on the tooling 2, as shown in the schematic cut-away view of fig. 4, a virtual coordinate system is set up in the center of the tooling for better clarity of description. The X axis coincides with the central axis of the clamping end, the Y axis is perpendicular to one of the installation planes, and the Z axis meets the right-hand Cartesian coordinate system; as shown in fig. 4 and 5. The transverse installation product is mainly used for processing a left inner hole G of the product as shown in fig. 4, and at the moment, the center line of the left inner hole of the product is coaxial with the center line of the right cylindrical surface of the tool, namely, the center line of the left inner hole of the product and the center line of the right cylindrical surface of the tool are both positioned on the X axis. At this time, the large outer circle H of the product in the negative direction of Y is sleeved in the tool and is in clearance fit with the tool. The lower end face of the product, which is parallel to the X-axis direction, is tightly attached to the tool and is used for positioning the product, so that the lower end face of the product is positioned at the correct position. And two hexagon bolts 4 penetrate through the product along the negative direction of the Y axis and are matched and fastened with the internal threaded holes on the tool, so that the rotation of the product along the Y axis direction and the displacement in the Z direction are limited. The product is accurately positioned on the tool. And after the product is processed, the fastener is disassembled along the Y direction.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 5, when the product is longitudinally installed on the tool 2, the product is longitudinally installed mainly for machining an internal threaded hole F on the left side of the product, which is coaxial with the X direction, and at this time, the center line of the left internal threaded hole of the product is coaxial with the center line of the right cylindrical surface of the tool, that is, the center line of the left internal threaded hole of the product and the center line of the right cylindrical surface of the tool are both located on the X axis. At the moment, a large outer circle H of the product in the X-axis negative direction is sleeved and embedded in the tool and is in clearance fit with an inner hole on the tool. The right end face of the product, which is parallel to the Y-axis direction, is tightly attached to the tool and is used for positioning the end face of the product, so that the right end face of the product is positioned at the correct position. And two hexagon bolts 4 penetrate through the product along the positive direction of the X axis and are matched and fastened with the tool, so that the rotation of the product along the X axis and the displacement of the product along the Y axis are limited. The product is accurately positioned on the tool. And after the product is processed, the fastener is disassembled along the X direction.
The invention provides a dual-purpose tool suitable for the processing method, which comprises a tool body 2, a polytetrafluoroethylene lining 3, a lining for short and a hexagon bolt 4. The hexagon bolt 4 can pass through two inner holes of the bushing 3 and the product 1 and is matched with the tool body 2.
One end of the tool body 2 is a clamping end matched with a lathe, the other end of the tool body is a positioning fixed end with two mutually perpendicular mounting planes, the two mounting planes are respectively used as positioning planes for processing inner holes of different end faces of a product, and threaded holes and grooves are formed in the two mounting planes; the positions of the threaded holes on the two mounting planes are used for being matched with the process holes on the box-type products to fix the products during processing; the positions of the grooves on the two mounting planes are used for being matched with the cylindrical protruding structures to realize product positioning during processing, and the inner holes to be processed are coaxial with the center line of the clamping end.
The right cylindrical surface part (clamping end) of the tool body 2 is used for being clamped in a lathe three-jaw chuck, and the center line of the right cylindrical surface of the tool is coaxial with a lathe spindle. When two hexagon bolts 4 are used for fastening the product, the center line of the excircle part of each hexagon bolt 4 is perpendicular to the product positioning surface. When two hexagon bolts 4 are used for fastening products, the products need to pass through the polytetrafluoroethylene lining 3, and the lining 3 is used for protecting the products from being crushed by the bolts.
The tool disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high reliability, reasonable design, simple structure, simplicity in operation, low skill level requirement, small fit clearance and high positioning accuracy. The fixture has the advantages that a plurality of defects of the traditional combined fixture (fixture formed by matching the lathe face plate angle irons) are avoided, the clamping and aligning time of a product is greatly shortened, the eccentric inner cavity is conveniently machined, the labor force is reduced, and the personnel cost is reduced. The method can be suitable for the rhythm of the rapid test and iterative production of the aerospace product. The tool has good service performance and long service life, and the tool can be used for mass production. Has wider popularization range and high economic value.
Although the present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to the embodiments, and any person skilled in the art can make any possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical matters disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so any simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications to the embodiments described above according to the technical matters of the present invention are within the scope of the technical matters of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A processing method of box products, the box products are quadrangular box structures, and are eccentric parts; the inside is provided with internal threads and intersecting holes, one of the holes penetrates through two ends of the product and extends out of the end face of the box body to form two cylindrical boss structures, namely an H circle and an M circle; the central axis positions of the two H circles and the M circle are not in the center of the square box body; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of designing a dual-purpose tool, wherein the dual-purpose tool comprises a clamping end and a positioning fixed end which is connected with the clamping end and is provided with two mutually perpendicular installation planes;
Defining a virtual coordinate system at the center of an interface where the clamping end and the positioning fixed end are intersected, wherein an X axis coincides with the central axis of the clamping end, a Y axis is perpendicular to one of the installation planes, and a Z axis meets a right-hand Cartesian coordinate system;
Positioning the product according to the relation between two machining parts of the box product and the installation plane by utilizing a six-point positioning principle, and simultaneously, machining a threaded hole and a groove on the installation plane while meeting the coaxial relation between the center line of the part to be machined of the product and the rotation center line of the lathe spindle;
The method comprises the steps of installing a dual-purpose tool on a lathe, longitudinally clamping a product, installing a box product on the dual-purpose tool, enabling a cylindrical protruding structure H to be embedded into a groove on an installation plane along the X direction, and enabling the installation plane to be tightly attached to the end face of the root of the outer circle of the corresponding box product for positioning the product; the fastening piece passes through the product process hole along the X direction and is fixed with the dual-purpose tool, and the eccentric hole F of the box product is machined along the X direction;
after the product is processed, the fastener is disassembled along the X direction;
Transversely clamping a product, circularly embedding a cylindrical boss H of the product into a groove of a mounting plane along the Y direction, and tightly attaching the mounting plane to the end surface of the root part of the outer circle of the corresponding box-type product for positioning the product; the fastener is used for penetrating through a product process hole along the Y direction and is fixed with the dual-purpose tool, and the eccentric hole G of the box body type product is machined along the X direction during machining;
And disassembling the fastener, namely disassembling the fastener along the Y direction after the product is processed.
2. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the dual-purpose tool is installed on a lathe, radial circle runout and end face circle runout of the tool need to be aligned, and the runout amounts of the radial circle runout and the end face circle runout are all within the range of 0.03 mm.
3. The utility model provides a dual-purpose frock of box class product, box class product is quadrangular box structure, is eccentric part; the inside is provided with internal threads and intersecting holes, one of the holes penetrates through two ends of the product and extends out of the end face of the box body to form two cylindrical boss structures, namely an H circle and an M circle; the central axis positions of the two H circles and the M circle are not in the center of the square box body; the tool is characterized by comprising a tool body; one end of the tool body is a clamping end matched with a lathe, the other end of the tool body is a positioning fixed end with two mutually perpendicular mounting planes, the two mounting planes are respectively used as positioning planes for processing inner holes of different end faces of a product, and two threaded holes and grooves are formed in the two mounting planes; the positions of the threaded holes on the two mounting planes are used for being matched with the process holes on the box-type products to fix the products during processing; the positions of the grooves on the two mounting planes are used for being matched with the cylindrical protruding structures H in a round mode during processing to achieve product positioning, and the fact that an inner hole to be processed is coaxial with the center line of the clamping end is met.
4. A dual-purpose tooling as claimed in claim 3, wherein: also included are bushings and fasteners; the bushing is installed in a process hole of a box product, and the fastener penetrates through the bushing and is matched with the threaded hole on the tool body to fix the product.
5. The dual-purpose tooling of claim 4, wherein: the fastener is a hexagon bolt, and the hexagon bolt is perpendicular to the positioning plane after fastening.
6. The dual-purpose tooling of claim 4, wherein: the bushing is a polytetrafluoroethylene bushing.
7. A dual-purpose tooling as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the clamping end is of a cylindrical structure.
8. A dual-purpose tooling as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the cylindrical protrusion is in clearance fit with the recess.
9. The dual-purpose tooling of claim 8, wherein: the gap is 0.01-0.03 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410264656.8A CN118060936A (en) | 2024-03-08 | 2024-03-08 | Dual-purpose tool for box products and processing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410264656.8A CN118060936A (en) | 2024-03-08 | 2024-03-08 | Dual-purpose tool for box products and processing method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118060936A true CN118060936A (en) | 2024-05-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410264656.8A Pending CN118060936A (en) | 2024-03-08 | 2024-03-08 | Dual-purpose tool for box products and processing method |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118060936A (en) |
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- 2024-03-08 CN CN202410264656.8A patent/CN118060936A/en active Pending
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