CN118031891B - Online automatic measurement method based on coaxiality detection equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an online automatic measurement method based on coaxiality detection equipment, which comprises the following steps: acquiring coaxiality parameters; controlling the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group to measure one circle along the circumferential direction of the standard component; calculating the upper end surface dislocation distance, the lower end surface dislocation distance, the upper end surface dislocation angle and the lower end surface dislocation angle of the standard component according to the measurement data of the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group and the coaxiality parameter; in response to the upper end face dislocation distance and the lower end face dislocation distance being smaller than a first threshold value and the upper end face dislocation angle and the lower end face dislocation angle being smaller than a second threshold value, installing a workpiece to be measured, and controlling the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group to measure one circle along the circumferential direction of the workpiece; and calculating the upper end surface dislocation distance, the lower end surface dislocation distance, the upper end surface dislocation angle and the lower end surface dislocation angle of the workpiece according to the measurement data of the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group and the coaxiality parameter. The coaxial measuring device can automatically realize coaxiality measurement, and is high in accuracy and efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coaxiality calculation, and particularly relates to an online automatic measurement method based on coaxiality detection equipment.
Background
Many products, air conditioning compressors and the like in automobile parts need to be subjected to strict coaxiality inspection, and particularly, the inspection of outlet products is more strict. Therefore, whether the coaxiality of the parts can be accurately measured has a certain influence on the subsequent assembly. Coaxiality is difficult to measure, and basically three-coordinate and meter-beating measurement are adopted.
The three-coordinate measurement can not be directly obtained by using measurement software when the distance between the reference cylinder and the shorter cylinder to be measured is longer, and the manual calculation by using a formula is needed.
The dial gauge measuring method needs to manually adopt a plurality of tools such as a dial gauge, a gauge stand, a cutting edge-shaped V-shaped block, a flat plate, a cotton cloth block, rust-proof oil and the like for measurement.
The existing technology is adopted, so that the labor is not only relied on, but also the labor cost is high; and the error rate is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of dependence on manpower and high error rate of the existing coaxiality measurement method, the invention provides an online automatic measurement method based on coaxiality detection equipment, which can automatically realize coaxiality measurement and has high accuracy and efficiency.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
The invention discloses an online automatic measurement method based on coaxiality detection equipment, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring coaxiality parameters, wherein the coaxiality parameters comprise a standard component diameter, a workpiece diameter, a measurement interval angle, two measurement head dislocation distance compensation values in a first measurement head group, two measurement head dislocation position measurement compensation values in a first measurement head group, two measurement head dislocation distance compensation values in a second measurement head group, two measurement head dislocation position measurement compensation values in a second measurement head group, a qualified coaxiality upper limit value, a height difference between the first measurement head group and the second measurement head, a height difference between the first measurement head group and the upper end surface of the workpiece, and a height difference between the second measurement head group and the lower end surface of the workpiece, wherein the two measurement heads in the first measurement head group are positioned on an upper plane, and the two measurement heads in the first measurement head group are positioned on a lower plane;
Controlling the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group to measure one circle along the circumferential direction of the standard component, wherein the angle difference of the interval between the measuring head reading data points is the measurement interval angle;
Calculating the upper end face dislocation distance, the lower end face dislocation distance, the upper end face dislocation angle and the lower end face dislocation angle of the standard component according to the measurement data of the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group and the coaxiality parameter;
Installing a workpiece to be measured in response to the upper end face dislocation distance and the lower end face dislocation distance being smaller than a first threshold value and the upper end face dislocation angle and the lower end face dislocation angle being smaller than a second threshold value;
Controlling the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group to measure one circle along the circumferential direction of the workpiece, wherein the measurement angle difference of the same measuring head when two adjacent sides are measured is a measurement interval angle;
and calculating the upper end surface dislocation distance, the lower end surface dislocation distance, the upper end surface dislocation angle and the lower end surface dislocation angle of the workpiece according to the measurement data of the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group and the coaxiality parameter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:
The method can automatically realize coaxiality measurement, and has high accuracy and high efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without collision.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and are not to indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, an on-line automatic measurement method based on coaxiality detection equipment is adopted to realize measurement of an upper end face dislocation distance, an upper end face dislocation angle, a lower end face dislocation distance and a lower end face dislocation angle of a workpiece, and specifically, the method comprises steps S01 to S04.
And S01, acquiring coaxiality parameters.
The coaxiality parameter is input by the operation of a measurer and comprises a standard component diameter, a workpiece diameter, a measurement interval angle, two measuring head dislocation distance compensation values in a first measuring head group, two measuring head dislocation position measurement compensation values in a first measuring head group, two measuring head dislocation distance compensation values in a second measuring head group, two measuring head dislocation position measurement compensation values in a second measuring head group, a qualified coaxiality upper limit value, a height difference between the first measuring head group and the second measuring head, a height difference between the first measuring head group and the upper end face of the workpiece and a height difference between the second measuring head group and the lower end face of the workpiece.
The two measuring heads in the first measuring head group are arranged on the same plane and positioned on the upper plane, and are arranged on the upper end face of the standard component or the workpiece to be measured, and the plane where the two measuring heads are positioned is flush with the upper end face; two measuring heads in the second measuring head group are arranged on the same plane and positioned on the lower plane, the axes of the two planes are coincident, and the two planes are arranged on the lower end face of the standard component or the workpiece to be measured and are flush with the lower end face.
The two measuring heads in the first measuring head group and the two measuring heads in the second measuring head group are all high-precision digital contact type distance sensors of the Kidney.
The two measuring heads in the first measuring head group can be respectively arranged at the 0-degree position and the 180-degree position on the rotation measuring shaft, and the two measuring heads in the second measuring head group can be respectively arranged at the 90-degree position and the 270-degree position.
And S02, calibrating zero and confirming the standard component.
When the standard component is measured, the reading meter of each measuring head is cleared, and then the measurement reading and confirmation are carried out.
Measuring one circle of the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group along the circumferential direction of the standard component, wherein the angle difference of the interval between the measuring head reading data points is the measurement interval angle; and calculating the upper end face dislocation distance, the lower end face dislocation distance, the upper end face dislocation angle and the lower end face dislocation angle of the standard component according to the measurement data of the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group and the coaxiality parameter. Specifically, steps S021 to S023 are included.
Step S021, calculating the relative measured value of the standard component:
subtracting pre-stored standard measurement data of corresponding point positions from current measurement data of 4 measuring heads in the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group to obtain relative measurement values of each point position of the 4 measuring heads.
Step S022, extracting difference data of the measuring heads of the same layer of standard components within the tolerance range of 0.003mm, and forming a new data list according to the data in the historical data list.
Subtracting the relative measured values of two measuring heads on the same layer to obtain all difference values, and storing the obtained positive values; then finding out the maximum value of the difference value in the historical data list; and then extracting all data with the values which are smaller than or equal to the maximum value of the difference and larger than or equal to the maximum value of the difference within-0.003 mm from all the data to form a new data list.
Step S023, calculating the dislocation distance of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group and the dislocation distance of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group of the standard component according to the new data list.
Specifically, the new data list is subjected to sorting operation, one value in the list is found out according to a set rule to be used as the dislocation distance of the same-layer measuring head, and the extracted angle corresponding to the dislocation distance of the same-layer measuring head is used as the dislocation angle of the same-layer measuring head.
Step S024, calculating the dislocation angles of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group and the dislocation angles of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group of the standard component.
The calculation method of the upper end face dislocation distance and the lower end face dislocation distance comprises steps S0241 to S0243.
Step S0241, respectively calculating the dislocation position measurement values of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group and the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group.
Wherein x1=a is cosα+b1;
Y1=A*sinα+ B2；
X2=B*cosβ+ B3；
Y2=B*sinβ+ B4；
Wherein A is the dislocation distance of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group;
alpha is the dislocation angle of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group;
x1 is the abscissa value in the dislocation position measured values of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group;
b1 is an abscissa compensation value in measurement compensation values of dislocation positions of two measuring heads in the first measuring head group;
y1 is a longitudinal coordinate value in the measured values of the dislocation positions of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group;
b2 is an ordinate compensation value in the measurement compensation values of the dislocation positions of the two measuring heads in the first measuring head group;
B is the dislocation distance of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group;
beta is the dislocation angle of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group;
x2 is the abscissa value in the dislocation position measured values of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group;
b3 is an abscissa compensation value in the measurement compensation values of the dislocation positions of the two measuring heads in the second measuring head group;
y2 is a longitudinal coordinate value in the measured values of the dislocation positions of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group;
B4 is an ordinate compensation value in the measurement compensation values of the dislocation positions of the two measuring heads in the second measuring head group;
step S0242, calculating the upper end face misalignment position measurement value and the lower end face misalignment position measurement value.
The calculation method of the upper end face dislocation position measurement value (X3, Y3) comprises the following steps:
X3=(-Z1/Z2)*(X2-X1)+X1
Y3=(-Z1/Z2)*(Y2-Y1)+Y1；
the calculation method of the lower end face dislocation position measurement value (X4, Y4) comprises the following steps:
X4=[(Z2+Z3)/Z2]*(X2-X1)+X1
Y4=[(Z2+Z3)/Z2]*(Y2-Y1)+Y1；
Wherein Z1 is the height difference between the upper end surface of the standard component and the first measuring head group;
Z2 is the height difference between the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group;
Z3 is the height difference between the second measuring head group and the lower end surface of the standard component.
And step S0243, calculating the dislocation distance of the upper end face and the dislocation distance of the lower end face.
Wherein the upper end face dislocation distance is =。
Lower end face misalignment distance =。
And S03, performing workpiece coaxiality measurement and installing a workpiece to be measured in response to the upper end surface dislocation distance and the lower end surface dislocation distance being smaller than a first threshold and the upper end surface dislocation angle and the lower end surface dislocation angle being smaller than a second threshold.
This threshold is critical to determining whether the standard is zeroed, and preferably the first threshold may be set to 0.01mm and the second threshold may be set to 10 °.
And if the upper end face dislocation distance and the lower end face dislocation distance are greater than or equal to the first threshold value, and the upper end face dislocation angle and the lower end face dislocation angle are greater than or equal to the second threshold value, continuing to step S02.
And S04, measuring coaxiality of the workpiece.
In the step, the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group are controlled to measure one circle along the circumferential direction of the workpiece, wherein the measurement angle difference of the same measuring head when two adjacent sides are measured is a measurement interval angle; and calculating the upper end surface dislocation distance, the lower end surface dislocation distance, the upper end surface dislocation angle and the lower end surface dislocation angle of the workpiece according to the measurement data of the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group and the coaxiality parameter. And finally judging whether the product is qualified or not according to the dislocation distance of the upper end face, the dislocation distance of the lower end face, the dislocation angle of the upper end face and the dislocation angle of the lower end face.
Within the set upper limit value of qualified coaxiality, the coaxiality is qualified; and exceeding the set upper limit value of qualified coaxiality, and failing the coaxiality.
The measuring method of the workpiece in this step is the same as that of the standard component in step S02, except that the object of measurement is different.
Specifically, a circle of measurement is performed along the circumferential direction of the workpiece by controlling the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group, wherein the angle difference of the interval between the measuring head reading data points is the measurement interval angle; and calculating the upper end surface dislocation distance, the lower end surface dislocation distance, the upper end surface dislocation angle and the lower end surface dislocation angle of the workpiece according to the measurement data of the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group and the coaxiality parameter. Specifically, steps S041 to S044 are included.
Step S041, calculating a relative measured value of the workpiece:
subtracting pre-stored standard measurement data of corresponding point positions from current measurement data of 4 measuring heads in the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group to obtain relative measurement values of each point position of the 4 measuring heads.
And step S042, extracting difference data of the measuring heads of the same layer of the workpiece within the tolerance range of 0.003mm, and forming a new data list according to the data in the historical data list.
Subtracting the relative measured values of two measuring heads on the same layer to obtain all difference values, and storing the obtained positive values; then finding out the maximum value of the difference value in the historical data list, wherein the historical data list is the new data list in the step S02; and then extracting all data with the values which are smaller than or equal to the maximum value of the difference and larger than or equal to the maximum value of the difference within-0.003 mm from all the data to form a new data list.
And step S043, calculating the dislocation distance of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group and the dislocation distance of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group of the workpiece according to the new data list.
Specifically, the new data list is subjected to sorting operation, one value in the list is found out according to a set rule to be used as the dislocation distance of the same-layer measuring head, and the extracted angle corresponding to the dislocation distance of the same-layer measuring head is used as the dislocation angle of the same-layer measuring head.
And step S044, calculating the dislocation angles of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group and the dislocation angles of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group of the workpiece. The calculation formula is the same as that in step S02, and will not be described here.
Due to the steps, the method disclosed by the invention is based on the coaxiality detection equipment, can realize automatic measurement, automatic compensation and automatic calculation of coaxiality, is convenient for coaxiality measurement, ensures the accuracy of coaxiality measurement, and can save labor cost, reduce error rate and improve efficiency.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An on-line automatic measurement method based on coaxiality detection equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring coaxiality parameters, wherein the coaxiality parameters comprise a standard component diameter, a workpiece diameter, a measurement interval angle, two measurement head dislocation distance compensation values in a first measurement head group, two measurement head dislocation position measurement compensation values in a first measurement head group, two measurement head dislocation distance compensation values in a second measurement head group, two measurement head dislocation position measurement compensation values in a second measurement head group, a qualified coaxiality upper limit value, a height difference between the first measurement head group and the second measurement head, a height difference between the first measurement head group and the upper end surface of the workpiece, and a height difference between the second measurement head group and the lower end surface of the workpiece, wherein the two measurement heads in the first measurement head group are positioned on an upper plane, and the two measurement heads in the second measurement head group are positioned on a lower plane;
Controlling the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group to measure one circle along the circumferential direction of the standard component, wherein the angle difference of the interval between the measuring head reading data points is the measurement interval angle;
calculating the upper end surface dislocation distance, the lower end surface dislocation distance, the upper end surface dislocation angle and the lower end surface dislocation angle of the standard component according to the measurement data of the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group and the coaxiality parameter,
The calculation method of the upper end face dislocation distance and the lower end face dislocation distance comprises the steps S0241 to S0243:
Step S0241, respectively calculating the dislocation position measurement values of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group and the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group,
Wherein x1=a is cosα+b1;
Y1=A*sinα+ B2；
X2=B*cosβ+ B3；
Y2=B*sinβ+ B4；
Wherein A is the dislocation distance of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group;
alpha is the dislocation angle of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group;
x1 is the abscissa value in the dislocation position measured values of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group;
b1 is an abscissa compensation value in measurement compensation values of dislocation positions of two measuring heads in the first measuring head group;
y1 is a longitudinal coordinate value in the measured values of the dislocation positions of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group;
b2 is an ordinate compensation value in the measurement compensation values of the dislocation positions of the two measuring heads in the first measuring head group;
B is the dislocation distance of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group;
beta is the dislocation angle of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group;
x2 is the abscissa value in the dislocation position measured values of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group;
b3 is an abscissa compensation value in the measurement compensation values of the dislocation positions of the two measuring heads in the second measuring head group;
y2 is a longitudinal coordinate value in the measured values of the dislocation positions of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group;
B4 is an ordinate compensation value in the measurement compensation values of the dislocation positions of the two measuring heads in the second measuring head group;
step S0242, calculating the upper end surface dislocation position measurement value and the lower end surface dislocation position measurement value,
The calculation method of the upper end face dislocation position measurement value (X3, Y3) comprises the following steps:
X3=(-Z1/Z2)*(X2-X1)+X1
Y3=(-Z1/Z2)*(Y2-Y1)+Y1；
the calculation method of the lower end face dislocation position measurement value (X4, Y4) comprises the following steps:
X4=[(Z2+Z3)/Z2]*(X2-X1)+X1
Y4=[(Z2+Z3)/Z2]*(Y2-Y1)+Y1；
Wherein Z1 is the height difference between the upper end surface of the standard component and the first measuring head group
Z2 is the height difference between the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group
Z3 is the height difference between the second measuring head group and the lower end surface of the standard component;
step S0243, calculating the dislocation distance of the upper end face and the dislocation distance of the lower end face,
Wherein, the upper end face dislocation distance =，
Lower end face misalignment distance =；
Installing the workpiece to be measured in response to the upper end face dislocation distance, the lower end face dislocation distance being less than a first threshold value, and the upper end face dislocation angle, the upper end face dislocation angle being less than a second threshold value,
Controlling the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group to measure one circle along the circumferential direction of the workpiece, wherein the measurement angle difference of the same measuring head when two adjacent sides are measured is a measurement interval angle;
and calculating the upper end surface dislocation distance, the lower end surface dislocation distance, the upper end surface dislocation angle and the lower end surface dislocation angle of the workpiece according to the measurement data of the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group and the coaxiality parameter.
2. The on-line automatic measurement method based on coaxiality detection equipment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the calculating of the upper end face dislocation distance, the lower end face dislocation distance, the upper end face dislocation angle and the lower end face dislocation angle of the standard component according to the measurement data of the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group and the coaxiality parameter comprises the following steps:
Calculating a standard component relative measurement value;
Extracting difference data of the measuring head of the standard component in the same layer within the tolerance range of 0.003mm, and forming a new data list according to the data in the historical data list;
calculating the dislocation distance of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group and the dislocation distance of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group of the standard component according to the new data list;
calculating the dislocation angles of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group and the dislocation angles of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group of the standard component.
3. The on-line automatic measurement method based on coaxiality detection equipment according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the dislocation angle of two gauge heads of first gauge head group, the dislocation angle of two gauge heads of second gauge head group of calculation standard component includes:
Respectively calculating the dislocation position measured values of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group and the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group;
calculating an upper end surface dislocation position measurement value and a lower end surface dislocation position measurement value;
calculating the dislocation distance of the upper end face and the dislocation distance of the lower end face.
4. An on-line automatic measurement method based on coaxiality detection equipment according to claim 3, wherein: the method for extracting the measuring head difference data of the standard component on the same layer within the tolerance range of 0.003mm and forming a new data list according to the data in the historical data list comprises the following steps:
respectively calculating all differences of relative measured values of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group and the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group;
determining a maximum difference value from the historical data list;
And taking the value which is larger than or equal to the maximum value of the difference value-0.003 mm and smaller than or equal to the maximum value of the difference value in all the difference values as a new data list.
5. The on-line automatic measurement method based on coaxiality detection equipment according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: calculating an upper end face dislocation distance, a lower end face dislocation distance, an upper end face dislocation angle and a lower end face dislocation angle of the workpiece according to the measurement data of the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group and the coaxiality parameter, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
calculating a relative measurement value of the workpiece;
Extracting difference data of the measuring head of the same layer of the workpiece within the tolerance range of 0.003mm, and forming a new data list according to the data in the historical data list;
calculating the dislocation distance of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group and the dislocation distance of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group of the workpiece according to the new data list;
calculating the dislocation angles of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group of the workpiece according to the dislocation distance of the two measuring heads of the first measuring head group and the dislocation distance of the two measuring heads of the second measuring head group of the workpiece.
6. The on-line automatic measurement method based on coaxiality detection equipment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the first threshold is 0.01mm and the second threshold is 10 °.
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