CN117999187A - 电动车辆太阳能充电*** - Google Patents

电动车辆太阳能充电*** Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117999187A
CN117999187A CN202280040225.2A CN202280040225A CN117999187A CN 117999187 A CN117999187 A CN 117999187A CN 202280040225 A CN202280040225 A CN 202280040225A CN 117999187 A CN117999187 A CN 117999187A
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power
electric vehicle
solar
charging
electricity
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A·吉纳特
B·沙里夫普尔
B·里维斯
P·里维斯
S·伯克
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B Liweisi
B Shalifupuer
P Liweisi
S Boke
A Jinate
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B Liweisi
B Shalifupuer
P Liweisi
S Boke
A Jinate
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B60L53/51—Photovoltaic means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B60L53/53—Batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/10—Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from ac or dc
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

公开一种电动车辆太阳能充电***，其包括光伏***以经由DC/DC转换***将DC电传输到电动车辆。所述DC/DC转换被配置成通过所述电动车辆的DC充电输入将电力直接传输到被配置成对所述电动车辆供电的电池组。此电可由具有DC输出的建筑物电池或能量存储***或由从AC源所供应的AC转换的DC电来补充。必要时，组合电路可由输出处的直插式DC/DC转换器进一步修改，所述直插式DC/DC转换器也可以是用以将来自所述EV的能量供应回到房屋负载的双向转换器。当没有DC可用时，AC电源可任选地直接通过AC充电输入将补充电力提供到所述电动车辆。

Description

电动车辆太阳能充电***
技术领域
实施例大体上涉及电动车辆充电***，且更具体地说，涉及太阳能供电的电动车辆充电***。
背景技术
电动车辆(EV)必须定期充电以确保其电池组具有足够能量来对车辆供电。EV充电器是供应电能以用于对插电式电动车辆、社区电动车辆和插电式混合动力车再充电的装置。EV中的电池组充入和释放直流(DC)电。一些EV充电器将标准交流(AC)电供应到EV，所述标准AC电首先流过车载AC/DC转换器，随后进入电池组的电池管理***以对电池单元充电。其它EV充电器使用提供电转换、监测和安全功能的高容量充电站。通过使用直接送至电池组的车载电池管理***的在较高电压下的直流(DC)从而避开车载AC/DC转换器，这些站可支持比住宅充电站更快的充电。
太阳能电池阵列可用于将电力供应到电动车辆。当EV充电与太阳能发电同时时，太阳能电池将直流(DC)电传输到太阳能逆变器，所述太阳能逆变器将电转换为交流(AC)。此电中的一些可供应到电网或基于AC的能量存储***(电化学电池、动力存储装置、重力存储装置等)，而另一些则传输到具有车载转换器和电池的EV。EV车载的AC/DC转换器将电转换回到DC以对电池组充电。替代地，快速高压DC充电涉及供应到EV充电装置中的AC/DC转换器的相同转换的太阳能，所述AC/DC转换器将AC转换成高压DC并将其发送到EV的电池组，从而避开EV的车载AC/DC转换器。首先使用来自太阳能电池阵列的电的传统EV充电器使用逆变器。
发明内容
提供本发明内容是为了以简化形式引入在实施例的具体实施方式中进一步公开的各种概念。本发明内容并不意图标识所要求保护的主题的关键或基本特征，也不意图用于确定所要求保护的主题的范围。
本文所提供的实施例涉及一种电动车辆(EV)太阳能充电***，其包括光伏***以经由DC/DC转换器通过能量存储装置/电池存储装置或这两者的组合将电力直接或往返地传输到电动车辆。取决于直接太阳能电和电力存储***中的每一个的原始电压，直接太阳能电和电力存储***的电压按需要通过增大或降低电压的DC/DC转换器调整到匹配的恒定电压(例如，在420与380Vdc之间)。此输出可进一步调整以匹配由EV的车载电池组的电池管理***传送的所要电压，所述所要电压对于不同EV可能有所不同。此调整可在输入处的初始DC/DC转换级处执行，或由输出处的直插式DC-DC转换器执行，所述直插式DC-DC转换器也可以是双向的，以在需要时还将来自EV电池组的电力返回到房屋负载中(例如，用于电网中断期间的应急电力用途，或用于由电力公司进行的峰值电网管理)。DC输出电路通过EV的DC充电端口直接馈电给EV的电池组，所述DC充电端口可以是EV充电插头端口。在低光或缺乏所存储太阳能的时段中，或为了单独提高DC的充电速率，AC电源可转换成高压DC，添加到太阳能发电流的DC/DC修改后的DC输出，且直接或在必要时通过双向DC-DC转换器发送到EV的DC充电端口。替代地，当可用的太阳能产生或所存储的电不足时，标准AC电源可通过电动车辆的AC充电端口经由EV的车载AC/DC转换器(其可以是EV充电插头)将电力提供到EV的电池充电器。
所述***可使用由光伏***提供的DC电力。在一个方面，所述***使用从太阳能供应的DC电力，所述DC电力可直接用于对电动车辆的电池充电。来自光伏(PV)***的DC电力将电力供应到隔离的DC/DC转换器以产生用于电动车辆的适当电压。例如，适当电压可在100V到450V之间。输出电力与可用的太阳能(例如，15KW)成比例。DC电力通过EV充电插头的DC端口提供到EV电池组。
所述***可使用不同于PV太阳能发电或除PV太阳能发电以外的其它清洁能源发电，作为现场产生的电的来源，尤其作为DC电。太阳能PV发电可被认为可与任何现场发电技术互换地使用；也就是说，除电网以外的电供应。
所述***可在低光条件下操作，所述低光条件减少或消除由光伏***提供的太阳能。DC电可由建筑物电池存储装置或其它类型的能量存储装置(动能能量存储装置、抽吸能量存储装置或其它装置)提供。来自能量***的DC电力将电力供应到隔离的DC/DC转换器以产生用于电动车辆的适当电压。例如，适当电压可在100Vdc到450Vdc之间。输出电力与能量存储***的可用放电容量成比例。DC电力通过EV充电插头的DC端口提供到EV电池组。
所述***可在低光条件下操作，所述低光条件减少或消除由光伏***提供的太阳能。可提供标准AC电且通过AC/DC转换器将所述标准AC电转换成DC，以产生用于电动车辆的适当电压。例如，适当电压可在100Vdc到450Vdc之间。输出电力与可用的所供应AC电力(例如240V 40A AC电源的9.6KW)成比例。DC电力通过EV充电插头的DC端口提供到EV电池组。
所述***可通过组合PV太阳能、建筑物能量存储和转换成DC源的标准AC中的两个或更多个来提高其充电速率。所述源中的两个或三个的电压被匹配且组合以实现比由任一个个别地提供的充电速率更快的充电速率。将这些流聚集到单个DC输出中发生在EV充电插头的DC端口之前。
在一个方面，DC输出可在充电端口之前通过双向DC-DC转换器馈送，所述双向DC-DC转换器既可动态地匹配EV的电池管理***所需的电压，又可将来自EV电池组的电返回到房屋负载中以用于应急用途或峰值调平情形。双向DC-DC转换器采用EV充电插头的DC端口之前的组合DC输入。
所述***可在低光条件下操作，所述低光条件减少或消除由光伏***提供的太阳能。当几乎没有或无DC电可用时，所述***切换到直接提供到EV充电插头的AC端口的标准AC电，所述标准AC电随后由车载EV AC/DC转换器转换成DC以产生用于电动车辆的适当电压。输出电力与来自建筑物断路器面板的可用电力成比例。当EV充电插头和EV充电控制件允许同一充电插头中有AC和DC端口连接两者时，此选项是可用的。
另外，AC输入可动态地切换到第二EV的AC充电输入，所述AC充电输入可以是AC充电EV端口插头，且用于通过第二EV的车载AC/DC转换器对第二EV充电。此充电可与通过另一车辆的EV充电插头的DC端口对所述另一车辆充电同时进行。
在一个方面，提供控制器以准许所述***基于来自光伏***、建筑物电池存储装置、从标准AC转换的直接供应到EV电池组的DC、直接供应到EV的车载AC/DC转换器的AC的电力输入自动地控制电源。替代地，用户可基于电力需求和可用性而手动地更改电源。
在一个方面，电动车辆包含车载充电器。
在一个方面，光伏***包含快速关机优化器，以优化电力且确保恰当的受限电压从面板传输到逆变器，所述面板可能由于动态阴影、混合负载、污染、碎屑等而具有变化的电压输出。
附图说明
当结合附图考虑时，通过参考以下具体实施方式将更容易理解对本发明的实施例及其优点和特征的完整理解，在附图中：
图1示出根据一些实施例的电动车辆太阳能充电***的示意图。
图2示出可同时对两个电动车辆充电的电动车辆太阳能充电***的示意图，其中第二电动车辆从电网之类的AC电源充电。
具体实施方式
本文中所描述的单个实施例或各种实施例的具体细节是针对所描述的设备。实施例的任何具体细节仅用于演示目的，且不应从中理解不必要的限制或推断。
在详细描述示例性实施例之前，应注意，实施例主要在于与设备相关的组件和程序的组合。因此，已在适当时通过附图中的常规符号表示设备组件，这仅示出与理解本公开的实施例有关的那些具体细节以免混淆本公开，这些细节对于受益于本文描述的本领域普通技术人员来说是显而易见的。
本文中所描述的单个实施例或各种实施例的具体细节在本申请中阐述。实施例的任何具体细节仅用于演示目的，且不应从中理解不必要的限制或推断。此外，如本文中所使用，例如“第一”和“第二”、“顶部”和“底部”等关系术语可仅用于将一个实体或元件与另一实体或元件区分开，而不必要求或暗示此类实体或元件之间的任何物理或逻辑关系或顺序。
一般来说，本文中所提供的实施例涉及一种电动车辆充电***，其使用由设计成将可用电力供应到电动车辆的光伏***提供的能量。所述***使用从太阳能供应的可直接用于对电动车辆的电池充电的DC电力。来自光伏***的DC电力按需要将电力供应到隔离的DC/DC转换器以产生用于电动车辆的适当电压。例如，适当电压可在100V到450V之间。输出电力与可用的太阳能(例如，15KW)成比例。
图1示出电动车辆太阳能充电***100，包含光伏***101以按需要经由DC/DC转换器106和107通过能量存储装置/电池存储装置103或这两者的组合将电力直接或往返地传输到电动车辆105以实现所要输出电压。取决于直接太阳能电和电力存储***中的每一个的原始电压，直接太阳能电和电力存储***的电压按需要通过其相应DC/DC转换器106和107调整到匹配的恒定电压(例如，在420与380Vdc之间)。DC/DC转换器的输出可调整成匹配由EV的车载电池组111的电池管理***109传送的所要电压，所述所要电压对于不同EV可能有所不同。此调整可在输入级处在DC/DC转换106和107处执行，或由输出级处的直插式DC-DC转换器117执行，所述直插式DC-DC转换器也可以是双向的，以在需要时还将来自EV电池组的电力返回到房屋负载中(例如，用于电网中断期间的应急电力用途，或用于由电力公司进行的峰值电网管理)。DC输出电路通过EV的DC充电端口直接馈电到EV的电池组111，所述DC充电端口可以是EV充电插头端口113。
在低光或缺乏所存储太阳能时段期间，或为了提高EV充电速率，AC电源可转换成高压DC 124，添加到太阳能发电流的修改后的DC输出，且直接或在必要时通过双向DC-DC转换器117发送到EV 105的DC充电端口。
在一些实施例中，当可用的太阳能产生的电101或所存储的电103不足时，标准AC电源可替代地通过电动车辆的AC充电端口经由EV的车载AC/DC转换器115将电力提供到EV的电池充电器。
所述***可使用由光伏***提供的DC电力，即，直接提供的DC电力101和所存储的DC电力103两者。DC电和建筑物能量存储***同时提高EV充电速率。来自每一者的DC电力按需要供应到隔离的DC/DC转换器以产生用于电动车辆的适当电压。例如，适当电压可在100V到450V之间。输出电力与可用的太阳能(例如，15KW)成比例。DC电力通过EV充电插头113的DC端口提供到EV电池组。
电池103还可在发送到DC/DC转换器107之前从电网直接充电。
在一些实施例中，所述***可通过组合PV太阳能101、建筑物能量存储103和转换成DC源124的标准AC中的两个或更多个来提高其充电速率。所述源中的两个或三个的电压被匹配且组合以实现比由任一个个别地提供的充电速率更快的充电速率。将这些流聚集到单个DC输出中发生在EV充电插头113的DC端口之前。
在一个方面，DC输出可通过双向DC-DC转换器117馈送，所述双向DC-DC转换器既可动态地匹配EV的电池管理***109所需的电压，又可将来自EV电池组的电返回到房屋负载中以用于应急使用或峰值调平情形。双向DC-DC转换器117采用EV充电插头113的DC端口之前的组合DC输入。
在一些实施例中，所述***包含控制器119以准许所述***基于来自光伏***、建筑物电池存储装置、从标准AC转换的直接供应到EV电池组的DC、直接供应到EV的车载AC/DC转换器的AC的电力输入自动地控制电源。替代地，用户可基于电力需求和可用性而手动地更改电源。
在一些实施例中，所述***包含第二输出，所述第二输出通过单独的AC端口插头213对第二EV 205充电，所述第二EV经由其电池管理***209通过其车载AC/DC转换器215为其电池组211充电。此电力来源于同一AC源203，当所述AC源203不用于对第一EV 105充电时，所述AC源用于通过另一EV的充电插头113的AC端口对所述另一EV供电，供电到其车载AC/DC转换器115。替代地，所述AC源可与连接到AC/DC转换器124的AC源201相同，所述AC/DC转换器将转换成高压DC且在此电力未用于对EV1 105充电时对DC EV充电插头端口113供电。控制器119将此AC源动态地引导到EV1 105或EV2 205以最大化对第一EV 105的充电或同时对EV 105和205两者充电，这可自主地或通过手动用户控制来完成。
本文中已结合以上描述和图式公开了许多不同实施例。应理解，描述并示出这些实施例的每一组合和子组合将是过度重复且混淆的。因此，所有实施例可按任何方式和/或组合来组合，且包含图式的本说明书应解释为构成本文中所描述的实施例的所有组合和子组合以及进行和使用这些组合和子组合的方式和过程的完整书面描述，且应支持对任何此类组合或子组合的权利要求。
可对所附权利要求书中的元素中的任一个进行两个或更多个元素的等效取代，或可用单个元素来取代权利要求中的两个或更多个元素。尽管上文可将元素描述为以某些组合起作用且甚至最初如此要求，但应明确地理解，在一些情况下，可从组合中删除来自所要求保护的组合的一个或多个元素，且所要求保护的组合可针对子组合或子组合的变化。
本领域的技术人员应了解，本实施例不限于上文已特别示出和描述的内容。根据以上教示，在不脱离所附权利要求书的情况下，各种修改和变化是可能的。

Claims (10)

1.一种电动车辆(EV)太阳能充电***，其包括：
光伏太阳能输入，其呈DC电形式，经由DC/DC转换***将电力传输到电动车辆以调整到所需电压；
所述DC/DC转换***将电力直接传输到所述EV上的被配置成对所述电动车辆供电的电池组***；
所述电通过所述EV的DC输入端口传输到所述EV，所述DC输入端口可以是EV充电插头中的DC连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电动车辆太阳能充电***，其中还通过由PV太阳能或电网充电的电池或能量存储装置提供DC输入，所述电池或所述能量存储装置按需要经由DC/DC转换***将电力传输到电动车辆；
所述DC/DC转换***将电力直接传输到所述EV上的被配置成对所述电动车辆供电的电池组***；
由所述DC/DC转换器修改的来自所述电池或能量存储装置的所述电与来自PV太阳能面板的DC/DC转换电在可用的情况下组合；
总电通过所述EV的DC输入端口传输到所述EV，所述DC输入端口可以是EV充电插头中的所述DC连接。
3.根据权利要求1和权利要求2所述的电动车辆太阳能充电***，其中AC输入被提供到所述***，在AC/DC转换器中被转换成DC并且被传输到电动车辆；
来自所述AC/DC转换器的所述电与来自根据权利要求1所述的PV太阳能面板的DC/DC转换修改后的电在可用的情况下组合；
来自所述AC/DC转换器的所述电与来自根据权利要求2所述的电池或能量存储装置的DC/DC转换修改后的电在可用的情况下组合；
所述总电通过所述EV的DC输入端口传输到所述EV，所述DC输入端口可以是EV充电插头中的所述DC连接。
4.根据权利要求1、2和3所述的电动车辆太阳能充电***，其中DC输出是由所述***在电压增大或减小的DC/DC转换之后提供的，或AC/DC转换在DC/DC转换器中进一步修改以匹配EV电池组的所要输入。
5.根据权利要求4所述的DC/DC转换器，其为双向逆变器。
6.根据权利要求1、2、4和5所述的电动车辆太阳能充电***，其进一步包括AC电源以通过所述电动车辆的AC输入端口将电力提供到所述电动车辆，所述AC输入端口可以是EV充电插头中的AC连接；
当由PV太阳能和/或电池或能量存储源供应的DC电不足时，通过所述AC输入端口供应AC电力；
送至EV输入端口的AC电力与DC电力之间的控制能经由电流监测器和固态继电器进行。
7.根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5和6所述的电动车辆太阳能充电***，其进一步包括第二EV充电插头，其中AC电源被引导到所述第二EV充电插头的所述AC充电端口，且在所述AC电源未被用于对第一EV充电时，通过第二EV的所述电池的车载AC/DC充电器对所述第二EV的所述电池充电。
8.根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6和7所述的电动车辆太阳能充电***，其进一步包括控制器以控制各种电源的切换、在AC充电与DC充电之间切换、在所述第一EV与所述第二EV之间切换所述AC源，且匹配所述EV电池组的所要输入电平。
9.根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6、7和8所述的电动车辆太阳能充电***，其中所述光伏***包含快速关机优化器；
所述快速关机优化器能将来自太阳能电池阵列的受限DC输入提供到所述***。
10.在上文权利要求1至9的所有所述权利要求中，用所述电生成为DC或易于整流或转换成DC的任何现场发电电力***取代PV太阳能发电***，所述现场发电电力***例如为地热的、风力涡轮机、水电发电的等。
CN202280040225.2A 2021-06-09 2022-06-02 电动车辆太阳能充电*** Pending CN117999187A (zh)

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