CN117996862B - Unit output determining method, device, equipment and medium based on emergency standby - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of power grid emergency dispatching, in particular to a unit output determining method, device, equipment and medium based on emergency standby. The method comprises the following steps: constructing frequency limit constraints of each period after the emergency dispatch is started; taking the cost of a unit and an interruptible load as a first target, and constructing an emergency standby reservation optimization model based on frequency limit constraint; solving the model to obtain emergency reserve reserved by the unit and the interruptible load in each period; determining output constraint by taking the running cost of the unit as a second target and determining a multi-period power generation plan model by taking emergency reserve reserved by the unit in each period; and solving the model to obtain the planned output result of the unit. According to the embodiment, the frequency limit constraint of each time period is constructed, so that the frequency recovery effect of the emergency dispatch is effectively ensured. On the basis of analyzing the possible missing power of each period, the emergency reserve of each period is optimized and reserved, the reserve result is considered in the multi-period power generation plan, and the calculation efficiency of the power generation plan is not affected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power grid emergency dispatching, in particular to a unit output determining method, device, equipment and medium based on emergency standby.
Background
With the continuous progress of new energy power generation technology, new energy grid connection becomes an important means for solving environmental pollution and energy shortage. However, the large-scale grid connection of new energy also increases the risk of grid frequency instability. In order to ensure the stability of the power grid frequency, when the power shortage occurs, the system spare capacity needs to be started to compensate the shortage. Current power systems typically purchase unit backup capacity from the generator-side unit to schedule when a shortage occurs or purchase interruptible load from the demand side to invoke as backup capacity. However, when the unit and the interruptible load participate in the call at the same time, how to cooperatively determine the unit output for emergency standby of the unit and the interruptible load is a technical problem which needs to be solved currently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method, a device, equipment and a medium for determining the output of a unit based on emergency standby, so as to solve the problem of how to cooperatively determine the output of the unit for the emergency standby of the unit and the interruptible load.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a unit output determining method based on emergency standby, the method including: constructing frequency limit constraints of each period after the emergency dispatch is started; taking the cost of a unit and an interruptible load as a first target, and constructing an emergency standby reservation optimization model based on frequency limit constraint; solving an emergency reserve optimization model to obtain emergency reserve reserved by the unit and the interruptible load in each period; determining output constraint by taking the running cost of the unit as a second target and emergency reserve reserved by the unit in each time period, and determining a multi-time period power generation plan model based on the second target and the output constraint; and solving the multi-period power generation planning model to obtain the planned output result of the unit.
According to the emergency standby-based unit output determining method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the frequency limit value of a plurality of time points can be determined by constructing the frequency limit value constraint of each period after the emergency dispatch is started, so that the frequency recovery effect of the emergency dispatch can be effectively ensured. Meanwhile, the emergency reserve reservation optimization model is constructed, so that the reserve of the unit and the interruptible load during the cooperative emergency scheduling can be solved and determined; therefore, on the basis of analyzing the possible missing power of each period, the emergency reserve of each period can be optimized, the emergency reserve optimizing result of each period is considered in the multi-period power generation plan, and the calculation efficiency of the power generation plan is not affected.
In an alternative embodiment, constructing a frequency limit constraint for each period after initiation of the conforming emergency, includes: calculating the frequency increment value of each period after the emergency dispatch is started based on the system inertia, the maximum power deficiency value, the limit value coefficient and the divided period; the frequency limit constraint for each time period is determined based on a sum of the conforming emergency minimum and the frequency increment value for each time period.
In the embodiment, the frequency limit constraint of each time period is determined by calculating the frequency increment value of each time period and the sum of the emergency dispatch minimum value and the frequency increment value of each time period, so that the frequency limit of each time point is in a progressive relationship, the continuous recovery of the frequency of the power grid is ensured, and the condition that the frequency is lower than the target frequency for a long time can be prevented.
In an alternative embodiment, with the cost of the unit and interruptible load as a first goal, constructing an emergency reserve reservation optimization model based on frequency limit constraints, comprising: constructing a first objective function with minimum cost of providing emergency back-up for the unit and interruptible load; constructing a unit and emergency standby calling output constraint of interruptible load; constructing emergency standby limit constraint based on the relation between the emergency standby output and the maximum power loss value; constructing a frequency constraint based on the frequency response time-domain differential equation and the frequency limit constraint; and constructing an emergency reserve reservation optimization model based on the first objective function, the emergency reserve calling output constraint, the emergency reserve limit constraint and the frequency constraint.
In an alternative embodiment, constructing an emergency back-up call output constraint for a unit and interruptible load includes: constructing an emergency standby calling output constraint of the interruptible load based on the response time of the interruptible load; and constructing emergency standby calling output constraint of the unit based on the response time and the climbing speed of the unit.
In the embodiment, when the emergency standby reservation optimization model is constructed, the emergency standby calling output constraint, the emergency standby limit constraint and the frequency constraint are considered, and meanwhile, when the emergency standby calling output constraint is constructed, the response time of the interruptible load and the unit and the climbing rate of the unit are considered, so that the emergency standby is performed based on the result obtained by solving the model, and the quick recovery of the system frequency can be realized.
In an alternative embodiment, taking the running cost of the unit as a second target, determining an output constraint by using emergency reserve reserved by the unit in each period, and determining a multi-period power generation plan model based on the second target and the output constraint, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: constructing a second objective function with minimum unit operation cost; constructing unit constraint based on emergency reserve reserved by the unit in each period and planned output; constructing a system balance constraint, a unit climbing constraint and a network constraint; a multi-period power generation planning model is determined based on the second objective function, the unit constraint, the system balance constraint, the unit hill climbing constraint, and the network constraint.
In an alternative embodiment, the system balance constraint is determined based on a relationship between a difference between the load power and the new energy unit power and the unit planned output; the unit climbing constraint is determined based on the climbing rate and the landslide rate of the unit; the network constraints are determined based on the line flow constraints.
In the embodiment, when the multi-period power generation plan model is constructed, unit constraint, system balance constraint, unit climbing constraint and network constraint are considered, so that the power generation plan obtained by solving the model ensures the normal output operation of the unit.
In an alternative embodiment, the emergency reserve reservation optimization model is solved by adopting a solving mode of a quadratic convex programming problem, and the multi-period power generation planning model is solved by adopting a solving mode of a linear programming problem.
In this embodiment, although the emergency standby reservation optimization model adopts a solution mode of the quadratic convex programming problem to solve, the model is standby optimization in a single period, and the calculation scale is small.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a unit output determining device based on emergency standby, the device comprising: the constraint construction module is used for constructing frequency limit constraint of each period after the emergency dispatch is started; the optimization model construction module is used for constructing an emergency reserve optimization model based on frequency limit constraint by taking the cost of the unit and the interruptible load as a first target; the first solving module is used for solving the emergency standby reservation optimizing model to obtain an emergency standby reserved by the unit and the interruptible load in each period; the plan model construction module is used for determining output constraint by taking the running cost of the unit as a second target and emergency reserve reserved by the unit in each period, and determining a multi-period power generation plan model based on the second target and the output constraint; and the second solving module is used for solving the multi-period power generation planning model to obtain the planned output result of the unit.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer device comprising: the emergency standby-based unit output determining method according to the first aspect or any one of the embodiments corresponding to the first aspect is implemented by the processor, and the memory and the processor are in communication connection with each other.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the emergency backup-based unit output determining method of the first aspect or any of its corresponding embodiments.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining unit output based on emergency back-up according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are schematic diagrams of backup call output curves for a unit and interruptible load according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of yet another emergency backup-based unit output determination method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a frequency variation process under different schemes according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the frequency variation results at different inertias according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are schematic diagrams of total emergency back-up and cost at different inertias according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating the frequency variation results for different emergency power cutbacks in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b) are schematic diagrams of total emergency back-up and cost at different inertia for different missing powers according to embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of an emergency backup-based unit output determination device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an emergency backup-based unit output determination method embodiment, it being noted that the steps illustrated in the flowchart of the figures may be performed in a computer system, such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that, although a logical sequence is illustrated in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in a different order than that illustrated herein.
In this embodiment, a method for determining unit output based on emergency standby is provided, which may be used for electronic devices, such as a computer, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, etc., fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining unit output based on emergency standby according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, where the flowchart includes the following steps:
Step S101, constructing frequency limit constraint of each period after the emergency dispatch is started. Specifically, after the new energy is connected to the grid, in the power grid with high new energy ratio, the power change rate is obviously increased due to fluctuation of the output of the new energy unit, system disturbance such as single machine fault and the like, and in the case that the output of the new energy is seriously insufficient, the system power is deficient, and the emergency scheduling process needs to be started at the moment. After the emergency dispatch is started, in order to ensure the emergency treatment capacity of the power grid, the frequency limit constraint of each period is constructed in the embodiment. The required frequency limit requirement is determined at a plurality of fixed time points after the emergency dispatch is started.
And S102, constructing an emergency standby reservation optimization model based on frequency limit constraint by taking the cost of the unit and the interruptible load as a first target. Specifically, the unit mainly refers to a non-new energy unit, such as a thermal power unit, a gas unit and the like. The interruptible load refers to an interruptible or reducible load, and when the interruptible load is adopted to carry out emergency standby reservation, the interruptible load can be interrupted or reduced to achieve the effect of reserving standby calling output. The costs of the unit and the interruptible load in this embodiment mainly include costs generated when the unit and the interruptible load are reserved for standby, and the costs can be the smallest when constructing an emergency standby reservation optimization model.
And step S103, solving an emergency standby reservation optimization model to obtain the emergency standby reserved by the unit and the interruptible load in each period. Specifically, when solving the model, a reserved standby with the minimum cost can be determined under the limit value of the corresponding constraint, so that a solving result is obtained. It should be noted that, since the frequency limit constraint is constructed in a time-division manner, the reserved reserve obtained is also a reserved reserve result of the unit and the interruptible load in different time-division manners.
And step S104, taking the running cost of the unit as a second target, determining the output constraint by using the emergency reserve reserved by the unit in each period, and determining the multi-period power generation plan model based on the second target and the output constraint. Specifically, the unit operation cost refers to the cost generated when the unit is operated to output. When constructing the multi-period power generation planning model, the minimum unit operation cost can be targeted.
And step S105, solving the multi-period power generation planning model to obtain a planned output result of the unit. Specifically, by solving the multi-period power generation planning model, the normal planned output of the unit in a plurality of periods without starting the emergency dispatch can be obtained.
According to the emergency standby-based unit output determining method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the frequency limit value of a plurality of time points can be determined by constructing the frequency limit value constraint of each period after the emergency dispatch is started, so that the frequency recovery effect of the emergency dispatch can be effectively ensured. Meanwhile, the emergency reserve reservation optimization model is constructed, so that the reserve of the unit and the interruptible load during the cooperative emergency scheduling can be solved and determined; therefore, on the basis of analyzing the possible missing power of each period, the emergency reserve of each period can be optimized, the emergency reserve optimizing result of each period is considered in the multi-period power generation plan, and the calculation efficiency of the power generation plan is not affected.
In this embodiment, a unit output determining method based on emergency standby is provided, and the process includes the following steps:
Step S201, constructing frequency limit constraints of each period after the emergency dispatch is started.
Specifically, the step S201 includes:
and step 2011, calculating the frequency increment value of each period after the emergency dispatch is started based on the system inertia, the maximum power deficiency value, the limiting value coefficient and the dividing period.
Step S2012, determining the frequency limit constraint of each period based on the sum of the emergency schedule minimum value and the frequency increment value of each period.
Wherein, after the emergency dispatch is started, the method determinesIndividual time points/>The frequency limit may be expressed as follows:
In the method, in the process of the invention, The frequency limit value of the emergency dispatch is the minimum value which is reached by the frequency of each moment point after the emergency call is started; /(I)For the number of segment moments,/>Is the frequency limit for each instant.
The specific limit value setting method is determined by adopting the following formula:
Wherein: the frequency limit value after emergency standby is called for the power grid, namely the minimum value of emergency dispatching, such as 49.0Hz (GB/T40596-2021 specifies that the running frequency of the system cannot be suspended below 49.0Hz for a long time), and a is a value coefficient which can be set according to the power grid specification. H is system inertia; p c is the system power maximum loss value. /(I) Indicating the frequency increment value for each period. It should be noted that, the maximum system power deficiency value may be determined according to the fluctuation intensity of the new energy unit and the maximum single machine fault.
Step S202, an emergency reserve reservation optimization model is built based on frequency limit constraint by taking the cost of a unit and an interruptible load as a first target.
Specifically, the step S202 includes:
Step S2021, constructing a first objective function with minimum cost for providing emergency back-up for the unit and interruptible load; in particular, the main bodies involved in emergency standby in this embodiment are the units and interruptible loads, so the optimization objective considers that the standby cost of reserving the units and interruptible loads is minimum, i.e., the cost of providing emergency standby is minimum. Since the standby cost information is mainly obtained through the linear quotation information in the currently popular power market frame, a single cost model is used in determining the cost in this embodiment. In other embodiments, when the secondary cost model parameters are provided, the appropriate expansion can be performed on the basis of a single cost model. The first objective function obtained by adopting the single cost model in this embodiment is expressed by adopting the following formula:
Where c i,p、cj,p represents the standby cost of interruptible load i and unit j, u i represents the reserved standby of interruptible load i, and u j represents the reserved standby of unit j, respectively.
Step S2022, constructing a unit and emergency standby calling output constraint capable of interrupting loads; specifically, according to the operation characteristics of the unit and the interruptible load, when emergency standby calling is carried out, certain response time is needed for the unit and the interruptible load, meanwhile, when the emergency standby calling is carried out, the unit can be fully called after a period of climbing time is needed, and the interruptible load can be instantaneously cut off without climbing. Thus, the emergency back-up call output curves for the unit and interruptible load are shown in fig. 2 (a) and 2 (b).
Based on the call-out force curve, the above step S2022 includes:
Step a1, constructing emergency standby calling output constraint of the interruptible load based on response time of the interruptible load; specifically, when an emergency call is made based on an interruptible load, a response time is required, and no climbing is required. Whereby constraints can be built directly based on response times. Based on the output curve, if the reserved reserve of the interruptible load i is u i, when the emergency scheduling is performed, the load interruption is realized after the response time t i,p, that is, the reserve output reaches u i, and the calling output p i,t of the interruptible load i at the time t in the process is as follows:
And a step a2, constructing emergency standby calling output constraint of the unit based on the response time and the climbing speed of the unit. Specifically, when emergency call is made based on the unit, response time is required, and a climbing rate is also required, so that constraint needs to be built by combining the response time and the climbing rate. Based on the output curve, the reserve reserved for the unit j is u j, when the emergency dispatching is performed, after the response time t j,s, climbing is started until the reserve output reaches u j, and the time t j,e when the reserve output reaches u j is:
where g j is the ramp rate of unit j.
In the process, the calling output p j,t of the unit j at the time t is as follows:
Step S2023, constructing an emergency standby limit constraint based on the relationship between the emergency standby output and the maximum power loss value; specifically, the emergency reserve output needs to be greater than or equal to the current system maximum power deficiency value, so the emergency reserve limit constraint is expressed by adopting the following formula:
Step S2024, constructing a frequency constraint based on the frequency response time domain differential equation and the frequency limit constraint; specifically, when the emergency scheduling is needed, namely after the system is disturbed, the frequency response time domain differential equation is as follows:
Wherein: h is system inertia; For the system frequency at the time t, P c is the maximum system power deficiency value, and P i,t is the standby calling output of the interruptible load i participating in emergency dispatching at the time t; p j,t is the standby calling output of the unit j participating in the emergency dispatch at the time t.
Based on the frequency response time domain differential equation, substituting the emergency standby calling output constraint obtained in step S2022, and integrating the two sides of the equation to obtain the following time-interval equation:
in this mode, the time of day Grid frequency/>Greater than the required limit/>I.e. frequency limit/>, in the constructed frequency limit constraintThe method is specifically expressed by the following formula:
Step S2025, constructing an emergency standby reservation optimization model based on the first objective function, the emergency standby call output constraint, the emergency standby limit constraint, and the frequency constraint.
Step S203, solving an emergency standby reservation optimization model to obtain an emergency standby reserved by the unit and the interruptible load in each period; specifically, by means of model solving, emergency standby capacity which needs to be reserved for each period of machine set and interruptible load respectively can be obtained on the basis of analyzing the possible maximum power deficiency value of each period in the future. The calculated emergency reserve capacity is reserved in a multi-period power generation plan. Thus, the model solution can be applied to a multi-period power generation plan. In addition, it should be noted that, in the constructed constraint, the equation corresponding to the frequency constraint is a quadratic constraint, and the model is known to be convex planning from the quadratic term coefficient of the constraint, so that mature quadratic convex planning optimization solving software such as CPLEX can be adopted to solve, and standby distribution results of the unit and the interruptible load are obtained.
And S204, determining output constraint by taking the unit operation cost as a second target and emergency standby reserved by the unit in each period, and determining a multi-period power generation plan model based on the second target and the output constraint.
Specifically, the step S204 includes:
step S2041, constructing a second objective function with minimum unit operation cost; specifically, when the power generation plan is solved, the solution is mainly performed for the power generation plan of the unit, so that the aim of the model mainly considers that the running cost of the unit is minimum. Thus, the second objective function is expressed by the following formula:
Wherein: t represents a scheduling plan period, typically 96 days 1; g represents a set of units; p jt represents the output of the unit j in the period t; The running cost of the unit j in the period t is a piecewise linear function of the output force and the electric energy price declared by the unit.
Step S2042, constructing unit constraint based on emergency reserve and planned output reserved by the unit in each period; in particular, the set constraint may also be referred to as a set output limit constraint, i.e. the set output is not greater than its maximum output limit, taking into account the back-up invocation output. Thus, the unit constraint is expressed by the following formula:
Wherein, P j,min、Pj,max is the minimum and maximum output of the unit j, u jt is the standby calling output of the unit j in the period t, and can be obtained from the solving result of the step S203; the maximum output force and the minimum output force are respectively the maximum output force and the minimum output force which can be achieved under the normal operation condition of the unit, and can be obtained from the operation parameters of the unit.
S2043, constructing a system balance constraint, a unit climbing constraint and a network constraint; the system balance constraint is determined based on the relation between the difference between the load power and the new energy unit power and the unit planned output; the unit climbing constraint is determined based on the climbing rate and the landslide rate of the unit; the network constraints are determined based on the line flow constraints.
Specifically, the system balance constraint is the power balance of the system, whereby the system balance constraint is expressed using the following formula:
Wherein D represents a load set, and W represents a new energy unit set; p dt represents the predicted power of the load d in the t period; p wt represents the predicted power of the new energy unit w in the period t. Wherein the load D comprises an interruptible load, i.e. the interruptible load is part of the load D.
The required output can be achieved after a period of climbing time is required when the unit outputs, so that the climbing constraint of the unit needs to be considered when the unit outputs are determined. The climbing constraint of the unit is expressed by the following formula:
Wherein: p Uj is the maximum ramp rate of unit j, and P Dj is the maximum landslide rate of unit j. The maximum climbing rate and the maximum landslide rate can be obtained from the operation parameters of the unit.
According to the power flow calculation algorithm, the network constraint can be expressed by the following formula:
Wherein: for lines or sections/> Load flow limit of/>For unit j to line or section/>G ld is the load d versus line or section/>Power transfer distribution factor of/>For new energy w to line or section/>Is a power transfer distribution factor of (a).
Step S2044, determining a multi-period power generation planning model based on the second objective function, the unit constraint, the system balance constraint, the unit climbing constraint and the network constraint.
And step S205, solving a multi-period power generation planning model to obtain a planned output result of the unit. Specifically, by solving the model, the normal planned output of each unit in each time period under the condition of not starting the emergency dispatch can be obtained when the reserved standby for the emergency dispatch is considered. According to the constraint and the second objective function, the constructed multi-period power generation planning model is a linear model, so that mature linear programming optimization solving software such as CPLEX can be adopted for solving, and a unit planning output result is obtained.
According to the emergency standby-based unit output determining method provided by the embodiment of the invention, in the frequency limit constraint of each time period after the start of the constructed emergency schedule, the frequency limit of each moment point is in a progressive relationship, so that the continuous recovery of the frequency of the power grid is ensured, and the situation that the frequency is lower than the target frequency for a long time can be prevented. Meanwhile, the established emergency reserve optimizing model increases the response time and the corresponding frequency change condition for calling the emergency reserve of each main body, and realizes the quick recovery of the system frequency. In addition, although the solving of the emergency standby reserved optimization model is a secondary constraint planning problem and has higher computational complexity than linear planning, the model is single-period standby optimization and has small computational scale.
As a specific application embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the unit output determining method based on emergency standby is implemented by the following flow:
And S1, constructing a segmentation frequency limit constraint of the emergency scheduling process. Please refer to step S101 in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 in detail, which is not described herein.
And S2, constructing a single-period emergency standby reservation optimization model, and solving emergency standby which needs to be reserved in each period of obtaining the unit and the interruptible load. Please refer to step S102 and step S103 in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 in detail, which will not be described herein.
And S3, constructing a multi-period power generation planning model considering emergency standby reservation, and solving to obtain unit planning output. Please refer to step S104 and step S105 in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 in detail, which will not be described herein.
In order to verify the effectiveness of the unit output determining method based on emergency standby, in the embodiment, the calculation simulation verification is performed based on local power grid data with a certain new energy accounting for a relatively high proportion, and in the calculation system, the unit installation capacity of the wind turbine is 1500MW and the unit installation capacity of the thermal power generator is 3500MW. The interruptible load and the unit are involved in the emergency dispatch, and the parameters are shown in tables 1 and 2, wherein the inertia of the system is 16GWs, and the maximum emergency power shortage is 400MW.
TABLE 1 interruptible load participation in Emergency Schedule
Table 2 Unit participating in Emergency Schedule
Because the example is small compared to the actual interconnected large grid, the emergency dispatch segment frequency limit set in this embodiment is lower than the actual grid operation specification, as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 segment frequency limits
In order to verify the practicability of the system scheduling process that the load coordination can be interrupted and the unit can participate in scheduling, the effect of the segmentation frequency limit of the emergency scheduling is analyzed. The present embodiment compares the alternate call results of whether the segmentation frequency limit is considered in an emergency situation. The specific scheme is as follows:
scheme one: only standby costs are considered, and standby optimization of resource response time and segmentation frequency limits is not considered.
Scheme II: with the method proposed in this embodiment, the resource response time and the segmentation frequency limit are considered.
The frequency change process obtained by optimizing the two schemes is shown in fig. 4. According to the graph, under the condition that the response time and the segmentation frequency limit value of the resources are not considered, the emergency standby reservation is mainly based on the cost of the resources, so that the climbing rate cannot be balanced rapidly, the system frequency and the recovery time cannot be controlled effectively, and the running risk of the system is increased. The strategic impact in systems of different inertia and emergency power is analyzed in detail later.
The system emergency reserve results are obtained by considering the different changes of the system inertia from 7GWs to 37GWs, and as shown in table 4, the magnitude of the system inertia has a significant effect on the emergency reserve, and more emergency reserve needs to be reserved when the system inertia is smaller.
TABLE 4 Emergency Standby results at different inertias
The frequency course at different inertia is shown in fig. 5, as can be seen: (1) When the inertia of the system is small, the descending and ascending of the frequency are steeper, the lowest point of the frequency is lower, and when the inertia is 7GWs and 12GWs, the limit value setting of the time points before 10s and the like is effective, so that more standby is reserved for the system, the descending amplitude of the frequency of the system is reduced, and the safety of a power grid is improved. (2) When the inertia of the system is large, the rising and falling of the frequency are gentle, the reserve needed to be reserved is reduced, but if the reserve reserved is too small, the frequency recovery time can be long, when the inertia is 37GWs, the frequency limit value of the 13s time point is effective, and the reserve is abundant to ensure the quick recovery of the system frequency.
To sum up, the segment frequency limit can play a role in the amplitude and time of frequency recovery for systems in different inertia states.
Fig. 6 (a) and 6 (b) show the total standby and total cost reservation for different inertias, it can be seen that the system needs to reserve more fast response resources, especially in the case of smaller inertias, if the interruptible load is not considered, the required standby and cost will increase significantly, and in the case of lower inertias such as 7GWs the emergency standby is insufficient and frequency recovery cannot be achieved.
To determine the impact of the maximum emergency power loss, i.e. the maximum power loss, on the reserve reservation, the system emergency reserve reservation results were obtained by calculating the different changes of the maximum emergency power loss from 300MW to 600MW, as shown in table 5, from which it can be seen that the emergency reserve increases with increasing considered power loss.
Table 5 emergency standby results considering different emergency power loss
The frequency course at different missing powers is shown in fig. 7, as can be seen: (1) Under the condition that the inertia of the system is unchanged, the constraint action points are all frequency limit values of 10s time points, and the change of the action points is small; (2) The greater the missing power considered, the lower the nadir position of the frequency, the greater the reserve, and the rate of rise and fall. Different from the condition of insufficient inertia, the increase of the missing power needs to reserve more interruptible loads to quickly respond, and the system power deficiency is made up as soon as possible.
Fig. 8 (a) and 8 (b) show the total standby and total cost reservation cases at different missing powers, and it can be considered that the interruptible load can effectively reduce the required standby and cost, and when the missing power is large, the emergency standby is insufficient due to the limit of the climbing capability of the conventional unit, so that the frequency recovery cannot be realized.
The embodiment also provides a unit output determining device based on emergency standby, which is used for realizing the embodiment and the preferred implementation mode, and is not described in detail. As used below, the term "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. While the means described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.
The embodiment provides a unit output determining device based on emergency standby, as shown in fig. 9, including:
a constraint construction module 91, configured to construct a frequency limit constraint of each period after the emergency dispatch is started;
An optimization model construction module 92, configured to construct an emergency standby reservation optimization model based on frequency limit constraints with costs of the unit and the interruptible load as a first target;
The first solving module 93 is used for solving the emergency standby reservation optimizing model to obtain emergency standby reserved by the unit and the interruptible load in each period;
the plan model construction module 94 is configured to determine an output constraint with the unit running cost as a second target and with emergency reserve reserved by the unit in each period, and determine a multi-period power generation plan model based on the second target and the output constraint;
And the second solving module 95 is used for solving the multi-period power generation planning model to obtain the planned output result of the unit.
In an alternative embodiment, the constraint building module is specifically configured to: calculating the frequency increment value of each period after the emergency dispatch is started based on the system inertia, the maximum power deficiency value, the limit value coefficient and the divided period; the frequency limit constraint for each time period is determined based on a sum of the conforming emergency minimum and the frequency increment value for each time period.
In an alternative embodiment, the optimization model construction module includes: the objective function construction module is used for constructing a first objective function with minimum cost for providing emergency standby for the unit and the interruptible load; the first constraint construction module is used for constructing emergency standby calling output constraints of the unit and the interruptible load; the second constraint construction module is used for constructing emergency standby limit constraint based on the relation between the emergency standby output and the maximum power loss value; the third constraint construction module is used for constructing a frequency constraint based on the frequency response time domain differential equation and the frequency limit constraint; the model construction submodule is used for constructing an emergency standby reservation optimization model based on the first objective function, the emergency standby calling output constraint, the emergency standby limit constraint and the frequency constraint.
In an alternative embodiment, the first constraint building module is specifically configured to: constructing an emergency standby calling output constraint of the interruptible load based on the response time of the interruptible load; and constructing emergency standby calling output constraint of the unit based on the response time and the climbing speed of the unit.
In an alternative embodiment, the planning model construction module is specifically configured to: constructing a second objective function with minimum unit operation cost; constructing unit constraint based on emergency reserve reserved by the unit in each period and planned output; constructing a system balance constraint, a unit climbing constraint and a network constraint; a multi-period power generation planning model is determined based on the second objective function, the unit constraint, the system balance constraint, the unit hill climbing constraint, and the network constraint.
In an alternative embodiment, the system balance constraint is determined based on a relationship between a difference between the load power and the new energy unit power and the unit planned output; the unit climbing constraint is determined based on the climbing rate and the landslide rate of the unit; the network constraints are determined based on the line flow constraints.
In an alternative embodiment, the emergency reserve reservation optimization model is solved by adopting a solving mode of a quadratic convex programming problem, and the multi-period power generation planning model is solved by adopting a solving mode of a linear programming problem.
Further functional descriptions of the above respective modules and units are the same as those of the above corresponding embodiments, and are not repeated here.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment, which is provided with the emergency standby-based unit output determining device shown in the figure 9.
Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 10, the computer device includes: one or more processors 10, memory 20, and interfaces for connecting the various components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. The various components are communicatively coupled to each other using different buses and may be mounted on a common motherboard or in other manners as desired. The processor may process instructions executing within the computer device, including instructions stored in or on memory to display graphical information of the GUI on an external input/output device, such as a display device coupled to the interface. In some alternative embodiments, multiple processors and/or multiple buses may be used, if desired, along with multiple memories and multiple memories. Also, multiple computer devices may be connected, each providing a portion of the necessary operations (e.g., as a server array, a set of blade servers, or a multiprocessor system). One processor 10 is illustrated in fig. 10.
The processor 10 may be a central processor, a network processor, or a combination thereof. The processor 10 may further include a hardware chip, among others. The hardware chip may be an application specific integrated circuit, a programmable logic device, or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device, a field programmable gate array, a general-purpose array logic, or any combination thereof.
Wherein the memory 20 stores instructions executable by the at least one processor 10 to cause the at least one processor 10 to perform a method for implementing the embodiments described above.
The memory 20 may include a storage program area that may store an operating system, at least one application program required for functions, and a storage data area; the storage data area may store data created from the use of the computer device of the presentation of a sort of applet landing page, and the like. In addition, the memory 20 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some alternative embodiments, memory 20 may optionally include memory located remotely from processor 10, which may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
Memory 20 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory; the memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as flash memory, hard disk, or solid state disk; the memory 20 may also comprise a combination of the above types of memories.
The computer device also includes a communication interface 30 for the computer device to communicate with other devices or communication networks.
The embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer readable storage medium, and the method according to the embodiments of the present invention described above may be implemented in hardware, firmware, or as a computer code which may be recorded on a storage medium, or as original stored in a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine readable storage medium downloaded through a network and to be stored in a local storage medium, so that the method described herein may be stored on such software process on a storage medium using a general purpose computer, a special purpose processor, or programmable or special purpose hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a flash memory, a hard disk, a solid state disk or the like; further, the storage medium may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above. It will be appreciated that a computer, processor, microprocessor controller or programmable hardware includes a storage element that can store or receive software or computer code that, when accessed and executed by the computer, processor or hardware, implements the methods illustrated by the above embodiments.
Portions of the present invention may be implemented as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which when executed by a computer, may invoke or provide methods and/or aspects in accordance with the present invention by way of operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the form of computer program instructions present in a computer readable medium includes, but is not limited to, source files, executable files, installation package files, etc., and accordingly, the manner in which the computer program instructions are executed by a computer includes, but is not limited to: the computer directly executes the instruction, or the computer compiles the instruction and then executes the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reads and executes the instruction, or the computer reads and installs the instruction and then executes the corresponding installed program. Herein, a computer-readable medium may be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium that can be accessed by a computer.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for determining unit output based on emergency standby, the method comprising:
Constructing frequency limit constraints of each period after the emergency dispatch is started;
taking the cost of a unit and an interruptible load as a first target, and constructing an emergency standby reservation optimization model based on the frequency limit constraint;
solving the emergency standby reservation optimization model to obtain emergency standby reserved by the unit and the interruptible load in each period;
determining output constraint by taking the running cost of the unit as a second target and emergency reserve reserved by the unit in each time period, and determining a multi-time period power generation plan model based on the second target and the output constraint;
solving the multi-period power generation planning model to obtain a planned output result of the unit;
taking the cost of a unit and an interruptible load as a first target, constructing an emergency standby reservation optimization model based on the frequency limit constraint, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
constructing a first objective function with minimum cost of providing emergency back-up for the unit and interruptible load;
constructing a unit and emergency standby calling output constraint of interruptible load;
constructing emergency standby limit constraint based on the relation between the emergency standby output and the maximum power loss value;
Constructing a frequency constraint based on the frequency response time-domain differential equation and the frequency limit constraint;
And constructing an emergency reserve reservation optimization model based on the first objective function, the emergency reserve calling output constraint, the emergency reserve limit constraint and the frequency constraint.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein constructing a frequency limit constraint for each time period after initiation of the conforming emergency, comprises:
Calculating the frequency increment value of each period after the emergency dispatch is started based on the system inertia, the maximum power deficiency value, the limit value coefficient and the divided period;
The frequency limit constraint for each time period is determined based on a sum of the conforming emergency minimum and the frequency increment value for each time period.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein constructing the emergency back-up call output constraints for the unit and interruptible load comprises:
Constructing an emergency standby calling output constraint of the interruptible load based on the response time of the interruptible load;
and constructing emergency standby calling output constraint of the unit based on the response time and the climbing speed of the unit.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein determining the output constraint with the unit running cost as a second target and with the emergency reserve reserved for each period of the unit, determining the multi-period power generation planning model based on the second target and the output constraint, comprises:
constructing a second objective function with minimum unit operation cost;
Constructing unit constraint based on emergency reserve reserved by the unit in each period and planned output;
constructing a system balance constraint, a unit climbing constraint and a network constraint;
and determining a multi-period power generation plan model based on the second objective function, the unit constraint, the system balance constraint, the unit climbing constraint and the network constraint.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the system balance constraint is determined based on a relationship between a difference between load power and new energy unit power and unit planned output; the unit climbing constraint is determined based on the climbing rate and the landslide rate of the unit; the network constraints are determined based on line flow constraints.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the emergency reserve reservation optimization model is solved by adopting a solving mode of a quadratic convex programming problem, and the multi-period power generation programming model is solved by adopting a solving mode of a linear programming problem.
7. A unit output determining device based on emergency standby, the device comprising:
the constraint construction module is used for constructing frequency limit constraint of each period after the emergency dispatch is started;
the optimization model construction module is used for constructing an emergency reserve optimization model based on the frequency limit constraint by taking the cost of the unit and the interruptible load as a first target;
the first solving module is used for solving the emergency standby reservation optimizing model to obtain emergency standby reserved by the unit and the interruptible load in each period;
The plan model construction module is used for determining output constraint by taking the running cost of the unit as a second target and emergency reserve reserved by the unit in each period, and determining a multi-period power generation plan model based on the second target and the output constraint;
The second solving module is used for solving the multi-period power generation planning model to obtain a planned output result of the unit;
taking the cost of a unit and an interruptible load as a first target, constructing an emergency standby reservation optimization model based on the frequency limit constraint, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
constructing a first objective function with minimum cost of providing emergency back-up for the unit and interruptible load;
constructing a unit and emergency standby calling output constraint of interruptible load;
constructing emergency standby limit constraint based on the relation between the emergency standby output and the maximum power loss value;
Constructing a frequency constraint based on the frequency response time-domain differential equation and the frequency limit constraint;
And constructing an emergency reserve reservation optimization model based on the first objective function, the emergency reserve calling output constraint, the emergency reserve limit constraint and the frequency constraint.
8. A computer device, comprising:
A memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory having stored therein computer instructions, the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the emergency backup-based crew output determination method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the emergency backup-based crew output determination method according to any of claims 1 to 6.
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