CN117976943B - Fuel cell voltage detection circuit and method - Google Patents
Fuel cell voltage detection circuit and method Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell voltage detection circuit and a method, and belongs to the technical field of fuel cells. The fuel cell includes: a stack including a plurality of battery cells connected in series between an anode and a cathode of the stack; each battery unit is divided into a plurality of battery unit groups in turn; the fuel cell voltage detection circuit includes: the voltage dividing units are connected in series between the anode and the cathode of the electric pile and are respectively arranged corresponding to each battery unit group; the connecting nodes between two adjacent battery unit groups are connected with the first detection ends; the connecting nodes between two adjacent voltage dividing units are connected with the second detection ends; the corresponding adjacent two battery cell groups and the first detection end and the second detection end which are connected with the adjacent two voltage dividing units form a detection end group; the detection module is used for detecting the voltage difference between the first detection end and the second detection end in each detection end group. The invention is beneficial to conveniently and rapidly acquiring the voltage distribution of the electric pile.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technologies, and in particular, to a fuel cell voltage detection circuit and method.
Background
In the current fuel cell with a multi-cell series structure, a method of independently detecting each cell (or each cell group) is generally adopted for cell voltage detection. Because the voltage span between the anode and the cathode of the electric pile is larger, the voltage difference of the connection points between adjacent battery units at different positions in the electric pile is also larger, and the voltage of each connection point is difficult to measure conveniently. Therefore, in the related art, a detection loop is generally connected in parallel across each battery cell (or each battery cell group), and the voltage thereon is determined by detecting the voltage difference across the battery cell (or the battery cell group). However, after the voltage values are measured by a plurality of battery cells or a plurality of battery cell groups, the overall voltage distribution of the electric pile can be known, the detection process is complex, and the measurement speed is not suitable for the requirement of rapid acquisition of the dynamic change of the electric pile.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fuel cell voltage detection circuit and a method thereof, so as to conveniently and rapidly acquire the voltage distribution of a fuel cell stack.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell voltage detection circuit, the fuel cell including: a stack including a plurality of battery cells connected in series between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the stack; each battery unit is sequentially divided into a plurality of battery unit groups, and each battery unit group comprises at least one battery unit;
the fuel cell voltage detection circuit includes:
The voltage dividing units are connected in series between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electric pile and are respectively arranged corresponding to the battery cell groups;
The connecting nodes between every two adjacent battery unit groups are connected with one first detection end;
The connecting nodes between every two adjacent voltage dividing units are connected with one second detection end; the detection device comprises a plurality of battery cell groups, a plurality of voltage dividing units, a plurality of detection terminals, a plurality of voltage dividing units and a plurality of voltage dividing units, wherein the same first detection terminal is connected with the two adjacent battery cell groups, and the same second detection terminal is connected with the two adjacent voltage dividing units corresponding to the two adjacent battery cell groups to form a detection terminal group;
The detection module is respectively connected with each first detection end and each second detection end; the detection module is used for detecting the voltage difference between the first detection end and the second detection end in each detection end group.
Optionally, when the battery unit group includes k battery units, the impedance of the voltage division unit corresponding to the battery unit group is k times of a preset impedance, and k is a positive integer.
Optionally, the impedances of the voltage dividing units corresponding to the battery cell groups including the same number of battery cells are equal.
Optionally, the voltage dividing unit includes: a resistor;
or the voltage dividing unit includes: a plurality of resistors connected in series, parallel, or a combination of series and parallel.
Optionally, the detection module includes:
The detection units are respectively arranged corresponding to the detection end groups; the detection units are respectively connected with the first detection end and the second detection end in the corresponding detection end group; the detection unit is used for detecting the voltage difference between the first detection end and the second detection end which are connected.
Optionally, the detection unit includes: the first light emitting diode is connected between the first detection end and the second detection end in the detection end group corresponding to the detection unit.
Optionally, the detection unit further includes: the second light-emitting diode is connected with the first light-emitting diode in anti-parallel;
And/or the number of the groups of groups,
The current limiting resistor is connected between the first light emitting diode and the first detection end or between the first light emitting diode and the second detection end.
Optionally, the detection unit includes a voltage sensor connected between the first detection end and the second detection end in the detection end group corresponding to the detection unit.
Optionally, the detection module includes:
At least one gating unit, one gating unit is connected with at least two groups of detection end groups;
At least one voltage sensor correspondingly connected with each gating unit; the gating unit is used for controlling the voltage sensors connected with the gating unit to be communicated when the detection end components connected with the gating unit are connected.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a fuel cell voltage detection method, which is applied to the fuel cell voltage detection circuit provided in any embodiment of the present invention; the fuel cell voltage detection method includes:
for any one of the second detection ends: determining the voltage of the second detection end according to the voltage of the positive electrode of the electric pile relative to the negative electrode of the electric pile and the proportion that the sum of the impedance of each voltage division unit between the second detection end and the negative electrode of the electric pile occupies the sum of the impedance of all the voltage division units;
Acquiring a voltage difference between the first detection end and the second detection end in at least part of the detection end groups;
and determining the voltage distribution of the electric pile according to the voltage of each second detection end and the acquired voltage difference.
In the fuel cell voltage detection circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of voltage division units which are connected in series are arranged between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell stack and correspond to a plurality of cell units, so that the voltage division of the whole stack voltage can be realized, and the reference voltage of each first detection end is provided through each second detection end; therefore, the detection module can characterize the voltage of the first detection end by detecting the voltage difference between the first detection end and the second detection end. Therefore, the voltage measurement at the two ends of each battery unit group can be skipped, and the rapid acquisition of the overall voltage distribution of the electric pile can be realized by acquiring the voltage difference between the first detection end and the second detection end in at least part of the detection end groups; and secondly, the first detection ends at different positions can adopt the same voltage measuring device, so that the precision can be avoided from being replaced due to different measuring ranges of the voltage measuring device, the error caused by different measuring ranges of the voltage measuring device is reduced, and the detection precision and the reliability of the detection result are ensured. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention can conveniently and rapidly acquire the voltage distribution of the fuel cell stack.
It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the description that follows.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell voltage detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another fuel cell voltage detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a voltage detection circuit of a fuel cell according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a voltage detection circuit of a fuel cell according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method for detecting a voltage of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fuel cell voltage detection circuit which can conveniently and rapidly acquire the voltage distribution of a fuel cell stack. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a voltage detection circuit of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the fuel cell includes: a galvanic pile 10. The stack 10 includes a plurality of battery cells C connected in series between the positive electrode of the stack 10 and the negative electrode of the stack 10. Each battery cell C is divided into a plurality of battery cell groups 11 in sequence; each battery cell group 11 includes at least one battery cell C therein. The battery unit group 11 includes one battery unit C or a plurality of battery units C in succession, and the specific division manner may be determined according to actual requirements. In fig. 1, each battery cell group 11 includes one battery cell C therein as an example; in fig. 2, two battery cells C are exemplarily included in each battery cell group 11. However, the above-described division is not intended to limit the present invention, and in practical applications, the number of battery cells C in different battery cell groups 11 may be the same or different. For example, the voltage fluctuation is frequent, the state of the battery cells C is unstable, an area where the voltage condition needs to be carefully focused, the number of battery cells C included in each battery cell group 11 may be set to be small; for small voltage fluctuation, the state of the battery cells C is stable, and an area where the voltage condition is not carefully focused is not required, and a large number of battery cells C included in each battery cell group 11 may be provided. Illustratively, the positive electrode of the stack 10 outputs a positive voltage Ustk, and the negative electrode of the stack 10 is grounded; the fuel cell may be a hydrogen fuel cell.
The fuel cell voltage detection circuit includes: a plurality of voltage dividing units 20, a plurality of first detecting terminals P1, a plurality of second detecting terminals P2, and a detecting module 30. Wherein, a plurality of voltage dividing units 20 are connected in series between the positive and negative poles of the stack 10; the voltage dividing units 20 are disposed corresponding to the battery cell groups 11, for example, one-to-one corresponding to each battery cell group 11. The connection node between every two adjacent battery cell stacks 11 is connected to a first detection terminal P1, that is, a first detection terminal P1 is led out between every two adjacent battery cell stacks 11. The connection node between every two adjacent voltage dividing units 20 is connected to a second detection end P2, that is, a second detection end P2 is led out between every two adjacent voltage dividing units 20. Wherein, the battery unit group 11 corresponds to the voltage division unit 20 one by one, and the first detection end P1 corresponds to the second detection end P2 one by one; the same first detection end P1 connected to the adjacent two battery cell groups 11 and the same second detection end P2 connected to the adjacent two voltage dividing units 20 corresponding to the adjacent two battery cell groups 11 form one detection end group. The detection module 30 is respectively connected with each first detection end P1 and each second detection end P2; the detection module 30 is configured to detect a voltage difference between the first detection terminal P1 and the second detection terminal P2 in each detection terminal group.
Illustratively, the detection principle of the voltage detection circuit is:
The voltage distribution of each second detection end P2 can be obtained by acquiring the whole stack voltage of the electric stack 10 (i.e., the voltage of the positive electrode of the electric stack 10 relative to the negative electrode of the electric stack 10) and the impedance distribution and the proportion of each voltage dividing unit 20; based on the voltage division effect of each voltage division unit 20 on the whole stack voltage, the voltage of each second detection end P2 can be used as a reference voltage to represent the target voltage expected to be reached by each corresponding first detection end P1; by acquiring the voltage difference between the first detection end P1 and the second detection end P2 in any detection end group, the difference between the voltage of the first detection end P1 and the reference voltage can be intuitively known, and the detection of the voltage of the first detection end P1 can be conveniently and rapidly realized. For example, the impedance of each voltage dividing unit 20 may be determined according to the number of the battery cells C in each corresponding battery cell group 11 and the ideal voltage condition of each battery cell C, so that the reference voltage of the second detection terminal P2 may represent the target voltage value that the corresponding first detection terminal P1 should reach when each battery cell C is operating normally. For example, when it is desirable that the voltages between both ends of each battery cell C are equal, the resistances of the voltage dividing units 20 corresponding to the same number of battery cells C may be set equal; alternatively, the number ratio of the battery cells C in the different battery cell groups 11 is set to be equal to the impedance ratio of the voltage dividing unit 20 corresponding to the different battery cell groups 11. The actual impedance value of the voltage dividing units may be set according to the requirements, for example, in order to reduce the leakage current generated by the battery unit group 11 by-passing the voltage dividing units 20 during the operation of the electric pile 10, the impedance of each voltage dividing unit 20 may be set larger, so long as the impedance relationship between different voltage dividing units 20 can meet the requirements. When the voltage difference between the first detection end P1 and the second detection end P2 exceeds the allowable deviation range, it can be determined which side of the first detection end P1 has the failed battery cell C according to the actual voltage difference, which is favorable for determining the approximate voltage distribution of the electric pile 10, and thus the fault location is quickly realized. The voltage distribution of each second detection end P2 is used as a reference scale, in the dynamic change process of the output voltage of the electric pile 10, the voltage value of each second detection end P2 changes synchronously along with the change of the whole pile voltage, the target voltage which is required to be reached by the corresponding first detection end P1 under the current operation condition of the electric pile 10 is always represented, and the general voltage distribution of the electric pile 10 can be determined according to the voltage difference in at least part of detection end groups. In practical applications, the voltage difference between the first detection end P1 and the second detection end P2 in some or all detection end groups can be obtained simultaneously or in a time-sharing manner according to requirements, and specific obtaining timing and modes are not limited herein. The impedance determination method of the voltage dividing unit 20 may be determined according to other conditions, and is not limited herein.
For example, the allowable deviation ranges between the voltages of the first detecting terminals P1 and the corresponding reference voltages may be the same or different, and preferably the same, so as to simplify the detecting process and the judging logic, avoid erroneous judgment, and generally, the battery cells C in the electric pile 10 require consistent characteristics, and the allowable deviation ranges corresponding to the first detecting terminals P1 are set to be the same and meet the actual operation requirements. The arrangement of this embodiment can enable the detection module 30 to use voltage measurement devices with the same measuring range (or the same precision/the same model) to detect the voltage difference between the first detection end P1 and the second detection end P2 in each detection end group, which is beneficial to considering both detection precision and detection cost. Specifically, in the related art, since the voltage span between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the stack 10 is larger, the voltage of the connection point of the adjacent battery unit C close to the negative electrode of the stack 10 is close to 0V, the voltage of the connection point of the adjacent battery unit C close to the positive electrode of the stack 10 is close to positive voltage Ustk (for example, several hundred volts may be reached), while the voltage fluctuation allowed by the single battery unit C in the normal operating range may be in mV level, if the voltage of each connection point is detected by using the same voltage measuring device, in order to ensure that the voltage of each connection point is measurable, a voltage measuring device with a larger measuring range needs to be selected, then a choice may need to be made in terms of detection precision, it is difficult to ensure the detection precision at the position where the voltage is smaller and the detection precision of the voltage deviation may increase the cost if a device with a large measuring range with higher precision is adopted; if a plurality of voltage measuring devices with different measuring ranges are adopted to respectively detect the voltages of the connection points, the accuracy of the voltage detecting devices with different measuring ranges is different, and accurate detection of the voltages of the connection points at all positions is difficult to realize. The embodiment is equivalent to directly detecting the voltage value of the first detection terminal P1, and converting the voltage value into a voltage difference between the first detection terminal P1 and the second detection terminal P2; the voltage at each second detecting terminal P2 corresponds to the target voltage at the first detecting terminal P1 through the voltage division of each voltage division unit 20. That is, what is detected by the embodiment of the present invention is the difference between the actual voltage and the target voltage of each first detection end P1, which is equivalent to unifying the voltage measurement requirements at different positions of the stack 10 to the same range, providing conditions for setting the same voltage measurement devices for the first detection ends P1 at different positions, and being beneficial to reducing the detection errors caused by different ranges of the voltage measurement devices; in addition, compared with the voltage of the first detection end P1 relative to the cathode of the electric pile 10, the voltage range of the first detection end P1 relative to the second detection end P2 is smaller, and can not reach hundreds of volts, so that the voltage measuring devices with higher precision can be selected, or the cost for unifying the voltage measuring devices to the same measuring precision can be reduced, and the detection precision and the detection cost can be both considered.
The voltage difference between the first detection end P1 and the second detection end P2 acquired by the detection module 30 may be a specific voltage difference or a specific difference range. The detection result can be directly transmitted in the form of voltage data, and/or the detection result can be displayed based on a specific identification signal (such as an acousto-optic form, etc.), so that the detection result is more visual. For example, a multi-segment deviation range may be set for the voltage difference between the first detection end P1 and the second detection end P2, and different identifications, such as different colors of light or different buzzes, are displayed for different deviation ranges. For example, the voltage detection circuit may further include a control module for performing subsequent analysis processing on each voltage data, for example, calculating the voltage of the first detection terminal P1 according to the voltage of the second detection terminal P2 and the voltage difference, so as to determine the voltage distribution of the electric pile 10. The voltage detection circuit is illustratively maintained in operation during stack operation to enable real-time tracking of dynamic changes in the voltage of the fuel cell stack 10.
In the fuel cell voltage detection circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of voltage division units 20 connected in series are arranged between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell stack 10 and correspond to a plurality of cell units 11, so that the voltage division of the whole stack voltage can be realized, and the reference voltage of each first detection end P1 is provided through each second detection end P2; therefore, the detection module 30 can characterize the voltage of the first detection terminal P1 by detecting the voltage difference between the first detection terminal P1 and the second detection terminal P2. In this way, the voltage measurement at two ends of each battery unit group 11 can be skipped, and the rapid acquisition of the overall voltage distribution of the electric pile 10 can be realized by acquiring the voltage difference between the first detection end P1 and the second detection end P2 in at least part of the detection end groups; secondly, the first detection ends P1 at different positions can adopt the same voltage measuring device, so that the precision choice is avoided due to different measuring ranges of the voltage measuring device, the error caused by different measuring ranges of the voltage measuring device is reduced, and the detection precision and the reliability of the detection result are ensured. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention can conveniently and rapidly acquire the voltage distribution of the fuel cell stack.
Specifically, it is possible to set up: the cathode of the first battery cell group 11 is connected with the cathode of the electric pile 10, and the anode of the last battery cell group 11 is connected with the anode of the electric pile 10; the positive electrode of each battery cell stack 11 is connected to the negative electrode of the next battery cell stack 11 except for the last battery cell stack 11 to achieve serial connection of each battery cell stack 11. The positive electrodes of each battery unit group 11 except the last battery unit group 11 can be connected with a first detection end P1, and the total number of the first detection ends P1 is one less than the total number of the battery unit groups 11. Correspondingly, the first connection end of the first voltage division unit 20 is connected with the cathode of the electric pile 10, the second connection end of the last voltage division unit 20 is connected with the anode of the electric pile 10, and the second connection end of each voltage division unit 20 is connected with the first connection end of the next voltage division unit 20 except the last voltage division unit 20 so as to realize the serial connection of the voltage division units 20; and, the total number of the second detecting terminals P2 is also one less than the total number of the battery cell groups 11. Illustratively, the first detection terminal P1, where the positive electrode of the first battery cell group 11 is connected to the negative electrode of the second battery cell group 11, corresponds to the second detection terminal P2, where the second connection terminal of the first voltage dividing unit 20 is connected to the first connection terminal of the second voltage dividing unit 20, and so on.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a voltage detection circuit of a fuel cell according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 3, the voltage dividing unit 20 may alternatively be composed of a resistor R on the basis of the above embodiments. For example, the voltage dividing unit 20 may include: a resistor R is connected between the first and second connection terminals of the voltage dividing unit 20. Or the voltage dividing unit 20 may include: between the first connection terminal and the second connection terminal of the voltage dividing unit 20, a plurality of resistors R are connected in series, parallel, or a combination of series and parallel. The specific arrangement mode of the voltage dividing unit 20 can be arbitrarily set according to the needs, so long as the impedance of the voltage dividing unit 20 finally meets the requirements. For example, since the precision of the voltage dividing resistor is limited, if a high precision resistor is used, the cost is increased, and the resistor in the voltage dividing unit 20 may be configured to include a fixed resistor and an adjustable resistor, and the fixed resistor and the adjustable resistor are connected in series to form the voltage dividing unit 20, wherein the resistance value of the fixed resistor is greater than the maximum resistance value of the adjustable resistor, and the resistance of each voltage dividing unit 20 may be calibrated by adjusting each adjustable resistor, for example, the resistances of two voltage dividing units 20 corresponding to two battery cell groups 11 including the same number of battery cells C are adjusted to be consistent.
Illustratively, each cell C in the stack 10 is a cell C with uniform characteristics, and ideally, voltages at both ends of each cell C are equal, and voltages at all parts in the stack 10 are uniformly distributed. When the battery cell group 11 includes k battery cells C, the impedance of the voltage dividing unit 20 corresponding to the battery cell group 11 is k times the preset impedance, and k is a positive integer. That is, the impedance distribution rule of the voltage dividing units 20 is the same as the ideal voltage distribution rule of the battery unit 11, so that the voltage of each second detecting terminal P2 can represent the target voltage to be reached by the corresponding first detecting terminal P1 after the voltage is divided by each voltage dividing unit 20. The value of the preset impedance can be set according to actual requirements.
Alternatively, the impedances of the voltage dividing units 20 corresponding to the respective cell groups 11 including the same number of the cells C may be set to be equal on the basis of the above-described embodiments. In other words, for any two battery cell groups 11, if the number of battery cells C in the two battery cell groups 11 is the same, the impedances of the two voltage dividing units 20 corresponding to the two battery cell groups 11 are the same. For example, each of the battery cell groups 11 may include one battery cell C therein, and the impedances of the respective voltage dividing units 20 are equal accordingly. In this way, the voltage of the connection node between every two adjacent battery units C can be measured, and the accuracy of the voltage detection of the fuel cell is guaranteed. Meanwhile, since the impedances of the voltage division units 20 are equal, the voltage division units 20 can be formed by adopting the same resistor, and the failure of the detection result caused by the error of the resistor installation position in the circuit installation process can be avoided.
The fuel cell voltage detection process will be described below with reference to fig. 4, taking as an example that each of the cell groups 11 includes one cell C and each of the voltage dividing units 20 includes one resistor R. Specifically, each cell is labeled C1, C2, …, cn in sequence along the negative to positive direction of the stack 10; sequentially marking the resistors as R1, R2, … and Rn, and sequentially marking the voltage differences between the first detection end and the second detection end in each detection end group as U1, U2 and … Un-1; n is a positive integer. In the embodiment of the present invention, for the series-connected battery cells C in the fuel cell stack 10, series resistors are provided in parallel, and the resistance value of each resistor is the same and corresponds to each battery cell C; the first detection end led out between every two adjacent battery units C is connected with the second detection end led out between every two adjacent resistors through a detection module. The voltage distribution of the electric pile 10 can be obtained by measuring the total voltage of the electric pile 10 and measuring the voltage difference between the corresponding nodes of the series battery unit C and the series resistor by taking the series resistor as the total voltage division standard of the whole pile. Dividing the output voltage of the entire stack 10 by resistors connected in series, and detecting a voltage difference between a node (first detection terminal) between each of the battery cells C and a node (second detection terminal) between the corresponding resistors; thus, detecting the voltage difference between the first detection end and the second detection end is equivalent to detecting the difference between the average voltage value of the battery cells at both sides of the first detection end and the average voltage value of the resistor serving as the voltage division standard, so that the voltage distribution of the electric pile 10 can be obtained quickly without measuring the voltage of each battery cell C.
For example, the whole pile 10 is formed by connecting 400 battery units C in series, and 400 resistors R are correspondingly arranged; only the voltage difference U200 between the first detection end and the second detection end in the positive voltage Ustk and the 200 th detection end group is measured, the voltage difference between the first 200 battery cells C and the second 200 battery cells C can be obtained, and the voltage of the first 200 battery cells C or the second 200 battery cells C is not required to be measured successively. Similarly, the voltage at a specific position can be detected according to the actual requirement, so that the voltage distribution of the whole electric pile 10 can be rapidly detected.
The detection principle of the detection circuit is described in the above embodiments, and several specific configurations that the detection module 30 may have are described below by way of example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In practical applications, only the detection module 30 can collect or display the voltage difference between the first detection end P1 and the second detection end P2 in each detection end group.
Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, optionally, the detection module 30 includes: the plurality of detection units 31 are respectively arranged corresponding to the detection end groups. The detection unit 31 is respectively connected with a first detection end P1 and a second detection end P2 in the corresponding detection end group; the detecting unit 31 is configured to detect a voltage difference between the first detecting terminal P1 and the second detecting terminal P2 to which it is connected. Thus, the individual detection of each detection end group can be realized, and the condition that the detection unit 31 performs detection simultaneously is provided, so that the detection efficiency is improved, and the quick tracking of the voltage of the electric pile 10 is realized. There are various methods of setting the detection unit 31, and several of them will be described below.
In one embodiment, optionally, the detecting unit 31 includes a voltage sensor connected between the first detecting terminal P1 and the second detecting terminal P2 in the detecting terminal group corresponding to the detecting unit 31. The voltage sensor may output voltage data to the control module for further processing.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, in another embodiment, optionally, the detection unit 31 includes: the first light emitting diode D1 is connected between the first detection end P1 and the second detection end P2 in the detection end group corresponding to the detection unit 31. By arranging the detection unit 31 to include a diode circuit outputting a lamp light signal, the detection result of the detection unit 31 is more intuitive, and the visualization of the detection result is realized. For example, the starting voltage of the first light emitting diode D1 may be selected according to actual requirements, for example, the starting voltage of the first light emitting diode D1 is set to a voltage difference allowable deviation threshold, and when the first light emitting diode emits light, it indicates that the voltage difference between the first detection terminal P1 and the second detection terminal P2 exceeds the allowable deviation range, which indicates that the battery cell C in the stack 10 has a fault.
Further, the detecting unit 31 may further include: the second light emitting diode D2 is connected with the first light emitting diode D1 in anti-parallel; that is, the anode of the first light emitting diode D1 is connected to the cathode of the second light emitting diode D2, and the cathode of the first light emitting diode D1 is connected to the anode of the second light emitting diode D2. By this arrangement, the voltage difference between the first detecting terminal P1 and the second detecting terminal P2 in any direction can be detected. As shown in fig. 5, when the voltage of the first detecting end P1 is greater than the voltage of the second detecting end P2 and the voltage difference exceeds the allowable deviation range of the direction, the first light emitting diode D1 emits light; when the voltage of the first detection end P1 is smaller than the voltage of the second detection end P2 and the voltage difference exceeds the allowable deviation range of the direction, the second light emitting diode D2 emits light; when neither the first led D1 nor the second led D2 emits light, it indicates that the voltages of the first detection terminal P1 and the second detection terminal P2 are close, and the voltage difference is within the allowable deviation range. The light emitting colors of the first light emitting diode D1 and the second light emitting diode D2 may be the same or different. In practical applications, other correspondence between the light emission rule and the voltage difference may be set, so long as the voltage difference relationship between the first detection end P1 and the second detection end P2 can be represented.
Further, the detecting unit 31 may further include: the current limiting resistor Rx is used as a protection circuit. The current limiting resistor Rx may be connected between the first led D1 and the first detecting terminal P1, or between the first led D1 and the second detecting terminal P2.
The above embodiments exemplify that the detection module 30 includes a plurality of independent detection units 31, but are not limiting to the present invention. In other embodiments, a small number of detection devices may be optionally included in the detection module 30, so as to detect each detection end group in a time-sharing gating manner, so as to reduce the number of devices in the voltage detection circuit, reduce the circuit size and the cost.
For example, the detection module may include: at least one gating unit, and at least one voltage sensor provided corresponding to the at least one gating unit. Wherein, a gating unit is connected with at least two groups of detection end groups, and the gating unit is used for controlling the voltage sensor connected with the gating unit when each detection end group connected with the gating unit is connected; at the same time, the same gating unit controls a first detection end P1 and a second detection end P2 in a group of detection end groups to be connected to a voltage sensor connected with the gating unit so as to realize detection of a voltage difference between the first detection end P1 and the second detection end P2. The working states of the gating unit and the voltage sensor can be controlled by the control module. The number of the gating units can be set according to the number of the battery unit groups 11, the number of signal channels of the control module and the number of gating channels of the gating units, so long as each detection end group has a corresponding gating unit, the detection of the voltage difference can be realized. The gating unit comprises, for example, a multiplexer. When the detection module 30 includes a plurality of gating units, part or all of the gating units can be controlled to be in an operating state at the same time according to requirements.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a fuel cell voltage detection method which is applied to the fuel cell voltage detection circuit provided by any embodiment of the invention and has corresponding beneficial effects. Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method for detecting a voltage of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 6, the method includes the steps of:
S110, aiming at any second detection end: and determining the voltage of the second detection end according to the voltage of the positive electrode of the electric pile relative to the negative electrode of the electric pile and the proportion that the sum of the impedance of each voltage division unit between the second detection end and the negative electrode of the electric pile occupies the sum of the impedance of all the voltage division units.
The voltage of the positive electrode of the pile relative to the negative electrode of the pile is detected, which corresponds to the detection of the whole pile voltage. The impedance of each voltage division unit can be determined according to the number of the battery units in the corresponding battery unit group and the ideal voltage condition of each battery unit, and the voltage division of the whole pile is carried out through each voltage division unit connected in series, which is equivalent to providing a certain voltage division standard of the whole pile, and the reference voltage corresponding to each first detection end is synchronously provided in the process of dynamic change of the whole pile voltage. Wherein the voltage of the second detection end is actually equivalent to the voltage of the second detection end relative to the cathode of the electric pile; according to the position of the second detection end in the whole series of voltage dividing units, the closer the second detection end is to the anode of the electric pile under the same whole pile voltage, the more the voltage dividing units between the second detection end and the cathode of the electric pile are, and the larger the voltage of the second detection end is. In the design process of the detection circuit, the impedance of each voltage division unit and the impedance ratio between different voltage division units can be selected according to the design requirement; after the circuit connection is completed, the impedance value of each voltage division unit can be marked on the surface of the voltage division unit and/or stored in a control module connected with the detection circuit. The cathode of the electric pile is grounded, the voltage of the cathode is the voltage of a ground signal, a voltage detection device for monitoring the whole pile voltage (or the positive voltage output by the anode of the electric pile) can be arranged in the fuel cell, the control module can read data acquired by the voltage detection device to acquire the whole pile voltage, or when the voltage detection device provides an indication, a detector can also directly read and acquire the voltage value. Or the detection module can be provided with a whole-stack voltage detection device which is connected with the anode and the cathode of the electric pile and used for detecting the whole-stack voltage.
S120, obtaining the voltage difference between the first detection end and the second detection end in at least part of the detection end groups.
The voltage difference between the first detection end and the second detection end can be a voltage difference or a difference range, and can be embodied in the form of voltage data or an acousto-optic signal. The detection personnel can determine the detection result according to the analysis result of the control module on the voltage data output by the detection module and/or according to the display state of the acousto-optic signal output by the detection module.
S130, determining the voltage distribution of the electric pile according to the voltage of each second detection end and each acquired voltage difference.
Illustratively, the voltage of the first sensing terminal may be determined based on the voltage difference and the voltage of the second sensing terminal; and determining the voltage distribution of the electric pile according to the voltage of each first detection end.
According to the fuel cell voltage detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the reference voltage of each first detection end is provided through a plurality of voltage division units connected in series; therefore, the voltage of the first detection end can be represented by detecting the voltage difference between the first detection end and the second detection end. In this way, the voltage measurement at the two ends of each battery unit group can be skipped, and the rapid acquisition of the overall voltage distribution of the electric pile can be realized by acquiring the voltage difference between the first detection end and the second detection end in at least part of the detection end groups.
It should be appreciated that various forms of the flows shown above may be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention may be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, so long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention are achieved, and the present invention is not limited herein.
The above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives are possible, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell voltage detection circuit, characterized in that the fuel cell comprises: a stack including a plurality of battery cells connected in series between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the stack; each battery unit is sequentially divided into a plurality of battery unit groups, and each battery unit group comprises at least one battery unit;
the fuel cell voltage detection circuit includes:
The voltage dividing units are connected in series between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electric pile and are respectively arranged corresponding to the battery cell groups;
The connecting nodes between every two adjacent battery unit groups are connected with one first detection end;
The connecting nodes between every two adjacent voltage dividing units are connected with one second detection end; the detection device comprises a plurality of battery cell groups, a plurality of voltage dividing units, a plurality of detection terminals, a plurality of voltage dividing units and a plurality of voltage dividing units, wherein the same first detection terminal is connected with the two adjacent battery cell groups, and the same second detection terminal is connected with the two adjacent voltage dividing units corresponding to the two adjacent battery cell groups to form a detection terminal group;
The detection module is respectively connected with each first detection end and each second detection end; the detection module is used for detecting the voltage difference between the first detection end and the second detection end in each detection end group.
2. The fuel cell voltage detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein when the cell group includes k cells, the impedance of the voltage dividing unit corresponding to the cell group is k times a preset impedance, and k is a positive integer.
3. The fuel cell voltage detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the impedance of each of the voltage dividing units corresponding to each of the cell groups including the same number of the cells is equal.
4. A fuel cell voltage detection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the voltage dividing unit includes: a resistor;
or the voltage dividing unit includes: a plurality of resistors connected in series, parallel, or a combination of series and parallel.
5. The fuel cell voltage detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the detection module includes:
The detection units are respectively arranged corresponding to the detection end groups; the detection units are respectively connected with the first detection end and the second detection end in the corresponding detection end group; the detection unit is used for detecting the voltage difference between the first detection end and the second detection end which are connected.
6. The fuel cell voltage detection circuit according to claim 5, wherein the detection unit includes: the first light emitting diode is connected between the first detection end and the second detection end in the detection end group corresponding to the detection unit.
7. The fuel cell voltage detection circuit according to claim 6, wherein the detection unit further comprises: the second light-emitting diode is connected with the first light-emitting diode in anti-parallel;
And/or the number of the groups of groups,
The current limiting resistor is connected between the first light emitting diode and the first detection end or between the first light emitting diode and the second detection end.
8. The fuel cell voltage detection circuit according to claim 5, wherein the detection unit includes a voltage sensor connected between the first detection terminal and the second detection terminal in the detection terminal group corresponding to the detection unit.
9. The fuel cell voltage detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the detection module includes:
At least one gating unit, one gating unit is connected with at least two groups of detection end groups;
At least one voltage sensor correspondingly connected with each gating unit; the gating unit is used for controlling the voltage sensors connected with the gating unit to be communicated when the detection end components connected with the gating unit are connected.
10. A fuel cell voltage detection method, characterized by being applied to the fuel cell voltage detection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9; the fuel cell voltage detection method includes:
for any one of the second detection ends: determining the voltage of the second detection end according to the voltage of the positive electrode of the electric pile relative to the negative electrode of the electric pile and the proportion that the sum of the impedance of each voltage division unit between the second detection end and the negative electrode of the electric pile occupies the sum of the impedance of all the voltage division units;
Acquiring a voltage difference between the first detection end and the second detection end in at least part of the detection end groups;
and determining the voltage distribution of the electric pile according to the voltage of each second detection end and the acquired voltage difference.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102484271A (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2012-05-30 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Control Device And Control Method For Fuel Cell System |
| CN207116584U (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2018-03-16 | 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 | A kind of all-vanadium flow battery energy-storage module device |
| CN216052091U (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-03-15 | 江苏兴邦能源科技有限公司 | Inspection and detection equipment for fuel cell stack voltage |
| CN114755481A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-07-15 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell voltage inspection device and fuel cell voltage inspection method |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102484271A (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2012-05-30 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Control Device And Control Method For Fuel Cell System |
| CN207116584U (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2018-03-16 | 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 | A kind of all-vanadium flow battery energy-storage module device |
| CN114755481A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-07-15 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell voltage inspection device and fuel cell voltage inspection method |
| CN216052091U (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-03-15 | 江苏兴邦能源科技有限公司 | Inspection and detection equipment for fuel cell stack voltage |
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