CN117973886A - Comprehensive energy system collaborative planning operation method and system for hydrogen-containing energy full link - Google Patents
Comprehensive energy system collaborative planning operation method and system for hydrogen-containing energy full link Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for collaborative planning operation of a comprehensive energy system of a full link containing hydrogen energy. The method is suitable for medium-long term planning operation analysis, can effectively promote cross-region and cross-season optimal configuration of the heterogeneous energy, and realizes high-efficiency consumption of renewable energy and economic low-carbon operation of an energy system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive energy planning, and particularly relates to a comprehensive energy system collaborative planning operation method and system of a hydrogen-containing energy full link.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
With the large-scale renewable energy source access, the comprehensive energy source system faces serious challenges such as insufficient renewable energy source digestion capability, poor flexibility and the like. Hydrogen is used as a high-density energy source, has the advantages of flexible storage and conversion, high combustion heat value, low carbon, cleanness and the like, and is regarded as an important carrier for realizing low-carbon conversion of energy sources. The integration of the hydrogen energy link can meet the long-time scale energy storage and cross-space energy flow requirements of an energy system, and promote the efficient absorption and flexibility improvement of renewable energy sources.
The complete hydrogen energy link comprises links such as production, compression, storage, transmission, application and the like, the planning research of the comprehensive energy system related to hydrogen energy at present is mostly concentrated on the analysis of specific links in the hydrogen energy link, only single links or partial links are involved, modeling of the complete hydrogen energy link and detailed analysis of each link are absent, in addition, the economic benefits of hydrogen waste heat utilization and hydrogen production byproducts are not fully considered, and the utilization efficiency of hydrogen in the energy system is underestimated. How to reasonably plan the capacity of the hydrogen energy equipment in the comprehensive energy system, optimize the operation schedule of the hydrogen energy equipment to promote the hydrogen energy to be utilized across space time, and realize the multi-energy coordinated operation of the comprehensive energy system becomes a key problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a comprehensive energy system collaborative planning operation method and system of a hydrogen-containing energy full link, which are suitable for medium-long term planning operation analysis, can effectively promote cross-region and cross-season optimal configuration of different energy sources, and realize efficient consumption of renewable energy sources and economic low-carbon operation of an energy system.
According to some embodiments, the present invention employs the following technical solutions:
A comprehensive energy system collaborative planning operation method of a full link containing hydrogen energy comprises the following steps:
Introducing waste heat utilization of an electrolytic tank, a hydrogen turbine and a fuel cell in the production, compression, storage, transportation and application links of hydrogen energy, and constructing a hydrogen energy full-link model by considering the benefits of byproducts in the hydrogen production process of the electrolytic tank;
According to the hydrogen energy full-link model, the coupling relation of three energy sources of electricity, heat and hydrogen is considered, and a comprehensive energy system model of the hydrogen energy full-link is constructed;
Setting constraint conditions, taking the total cost and the total carbon emission of the minimized comprehensive energy system model as objective functions, optimizing each objective function independently, substituting the optimal solution into other objective functions, determining the value range of each objective function, selecting a main objective function, setting gridding scores for other objective functions, and calculating corresponding epsilon constraints until a pareto optimal solution set is obtained, and obtaining the optimal capacity configuration and time-by-time operation result of the comprehensive energy system.
As an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen energy full link model includes an electrolyzer model, a hydrogen turbine model, a fuel cell model, a hydrogen storage, a compressor model, and a hydrogen energy pipeline transport model, wherein:
The model of the electrolytic cell considers water consumption, electricity consumption, waste heat utilization and byproduct benefits in the production process of the electrolytic cell;
A fuel cell model taking into account fuel cell generated power and generated heat power;
the hydrogen storage and compressor model considers two hydrogen storage devices, namely a hydrogen storage tank and a salt cavern hydrogen storage, and the hydrogen storage is connected with the compressor;
The hydrogen energy pipeline transmission model assumes the possibility of newly building a hydrogen energy transmission pipeline between adjacent comprehensive energy systems, and takes the minimum value of the sum of products of the hydrogen transmission quantity of each transmission pipeline and the length of the transmission pipeline as an objective function.
As a further embodiment, the hydrogen energy full link model includes operational constraints of an electrolyzer, a hydrogen turbine, and a fuel cell.
As an alternative embodiment, the integrated energy system model further comprises a thermal power plant, a wind power plant, a photovoltaic plant, an energy storage device, an electric power transmission line, an electric load demand and a thermal energy related device model, wherein the thermal power plant model comprises a minimum/maximum power output limit constraint, a climbing constraint, a minimum start/stop time constraint and a heat generation constraint of a cogeneration unit;
the wind energy unit and the photovoltaic unit model comprise total power output constraints;
The energy storage equipment considers two energy storage equipment, namely battery energy storage and pumped storage;
The power transmission line comprises a power transmission line capacity expansion model;
Thermal energy related plant models include electric boiler models and thermal storage tank models.
As an alternative embodiment, the total cost of the system includes various capital costs, operating costs, and benefits from selling hydrogen and by-products of hydrogen production; and calculating the total carbon emission according to the carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit and the generating capacity of the unit.
As further embodiments, constraints include system thermal energy balance constraints, hydrogen energy balance constraints, standby constraints, and low carbon constraints.
As an alternative embodiment, the specific process of optimizing each objective function individually and substituting the optimal solution into other objective functions to determine the value range of each objective function includes: taking the first function as a single objective function to perform optimization solution, and sequentially bringing the obtained optimal solution into each objective function to obtain a corresponding objective function value; and then, carrying out optimization solving on the single objective function by using other objective functions, repeating the steps until all the objective functions are solved, finishing to obtain a payment table, and obtaining the minimum value and the maximum value of each objective function based on the payment table to obtain the value range of the objective function.
As an alternative implementation mode, according to a target scene, constraint conditions are set, the influence of renewable energy quota system, cost and carbon emission on a planning operation result is determined, the weight occupied by each objective function in target optimization is calculated to form a final objective function, and based on system parameters, the model is solved to obtain comprehensive energy system optimal capacity configuration and time-by-time operation result of the corresponding scene.
A comprehensive energy system collaborative planning operation system of a full link containing hydrogen energy, comprising:
The hydrogen energy full-link model construction module is configured to introduce waste heat utilization of an electrolytic tank, a hydrogen turbine and a fuel cell in the production, compression, storage, transportation and application links of hydrogen energy, and take the benefit of byproducts in the hydrogen production process of the electrolytic tank into consideration to construct a hydrogen energy full-link model;
The comprehensive energy system model building module is configured to build a comprehensive energy system model of the hydrogen-containing energy full link by considering the coupling relation of three energy sources of electricity, heat and hydrogen according to the hydrogen energy full link model;
The solving module is configured to set constraint conditions, take the total cost and the total carbon emission of the minimum comprehensive energy system model as objective functions, independently optimize each objective function, substitute the optimal solution into other objective functions, determine the value range of each objective function, select the main objective function, set gridding scores for other objective functions and calculate corresponding epsilon constraints until the pareto optimal solution set is obtained, and obtain the optimal capacity configuration and the time-by-time operation result of the comprehensive energy system.
An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor and computer instructions stored on the memory and running on the processor, which when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the above method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The invention provides a full-link hydrogen energy refined model covering links such as production, compression, storage, transportation, application and the like, which considers the waste heat utilization of an electrolytic tank, a hydrogen turbine and a fuel cell and the economic benefit brought by hydrogen production byproducts, and can accurately simulate the utilization efficiency of hydrogen in an energy system.
2) The invention provides a comprehensive energy system model of a full-link containing hydrogen energy, which is based on a traditional electric power system model, a full-link refining model of hydrogen energy and a heat energy related equipment model, and considers the flexibility of system operation, hydrogen energy pipeline planning and equipment waste heat utilization. The model can be used for analyzing the action details of each link of the hydrogen energy link and related equipment in the comprehensive energy system and the coupling relation of energy flows such as electricity, hydrogen, heat and the like.
3) The invention provides a comprehensive energy system collaborative planning operation method of a hydrogen energy full link, and single-objective and multi-objective optimization is carried out.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a hydrogen energy full link basic structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the basic architecture of a hydrogen energy-containing full-link integrated energy system;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a multi-objective Paretop optimization based on the modified epsilon constraint method.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Example 1
A comprehensive energy system collaborative planning operation method of a full link containing hydrogen energy includes the steps of carrying out full link fine modeling of the hydrogen energy covering five links of production, compression, storage, transportation and application, and establishing mathematical models of an electrolytic tank, a compressor, a hydrogen storage device, a hydrogen turbine, a fuel cell and a hydrogen transmission pipeline; based on a refined hydrogen energy full-link model and considering the coupling relation of three energy sources of electricity, heat and hydrogen, constructing a comprehensive energy system basic framework of the hydrogen energy full-link; and establishing a comprehensive energy system collaborative planning operation model of the full link containing hydrogen energy, considering single-objective optimization or multi-objective optimization by combining different conditions, and solving by utilizing GUROB I solver to obtain the optimal capacity configuration and time-by-time operation result of the comprehensive energy system. The embodiment comprehensively considers the influence of the hydrogen energy full link on the planning operation of the comprehensive energy system. The method can effectively promote the cross-space-time optimal configuration of the heterogeneous energy of the system, promote the capacity of absorbing renewable energy sources and realize the economic low-carbon flexible operation of the comprehensive energy system.
The details are described below.
Mainly comprises the following steps:
1. Establishing hydrogen energy full-link refined model
The full-link refined model of the hydrogen energy is provided in consideration of links such as production, compression, storage, transportation, application and the like of the hydrogen energy. Wherein the electrolytic tank utilizes surplus wind power and photoelectricity to prepare green hydrogen. The generated hydrogen can be used as a raw material to meet the requirements of chemical industry, steel and transportation industry on green hydrogen in areas. In consideration of time-varying and uncertainty of renewable energy sources, the hydrogen storage device is utilized to store and release hydrogen at different time periods in combination with a compressor to adjust hydrogen supply and demand balance. In addition to directly meeting the hydrogen demand, applications for hydrogen energy include hydrogen-to-electricity conversion using hydrogen turbines or fuel cells to achieve clean power. And the hydrogen energy pipeline is utilized for transmission, so that the spatial configuration of energy sources is optimized. In addition, the benefit of hydrogen energy is comprehensively considered, the full-link model of hydrogen energy introduces the waste heat utilization of an electrolytic tank, a hydrogen turbine and a fuel cell, and the economic benefit brought by byproduct oxygen in the hydrogen production process of the electrolytic tank is considered. The basic structure of the hydrogen energy full link proposed in this embodiment is shown in fig. 1.
(1) Electrolytic tank model
As a basis for the production link, the electrolyzer is a key device in the hydrogen energy link, the basic principle of which is to use electrodeionization water to produce pure hydrogen and by-product oxygen. In the embodiment, the water consumption, electricity consumption, waste heat utilization and byproduct benefits in the production process of the electrolytic cell are comprehensively considered, and a basic model of the electrolytic cell is established as follows:
βe2h＝3600/LHV (2)
The input electric power of the electrolytic cell considered in the embodiment comes from surplus renewable energy sources of the integrated energy system, and is constrained by the formula (1). Wherein N r represents the total number of the comprehensive energy systems, k represents a certain comprehensive energy system, T represents a time period, and T represents a certain moment. Representing the electric power input by the electrolytic cell of the integrated energy system k at the time t,/>And/>Respectively representing wind energy and photovoltaic capacity factors of the comprehensive energy system k at the time t,/>And/>Total machine capacity of wind energy units and photovoltaic units respectively representing integrated energy system k,/>And/>And respectively representing the output power of the wind energy unit and the photovoltaic unit of the comprehensive energy system k at the time t. Beta e2h represents the energy conversion coefficient of electric energy to hydrogen energy, LHV represents the low heating value of hydrogen energy,/>The quality of hydrogen energy produced by the electrolytic cell at time t by the integrated energy system k is shown. /(I)And/>Respectively representing the electric efficiency and the thermal efficiency of the electrolytic tank,/>The heat generation power of the electrolytic cell at the time t of the integrated energy system k is shown. Q represents the total amount of hydrogen produced by all cells. C w represents the cost of consuming water for all cells, E o and/>Representing oxygen and hydrogen sales benefits,/>And/>Represents the water consumption coefficient and the oxygen production coefficient of the electrolytic tank, p w,/>And/>Represents the price per kilogram of water, oxygen and hydrogen,/>The hydrogen demand of the integrated energy system k at time t is indicated.
(2) Hydrogen turbine engine model
Hydrogen turbines are important energy devices that promote electric energy-thermal energy-hydrogen energy coupling, and their technical parameters and basic models are similar to gas turbine units, and the cost difference between them mainly derives from the added external Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) device that is used to reduce combustion emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx). The established hydrogen turbine basic model is as follows:
Wherein the method comprises the steps of Represents the power generated by the hydrogen turbine of the integrated energy system k at the time t,/>The quality of hydrogen energy consumed by the hydrogen turbine at the time t of the integrated energy system k is shown. /(I)And/>Respectively the electrical efficiency and the thermal efficiency of the hydrogen turbine,The heat generation power of the hydrogen turbine at the time t of the integrated energy system k is shown.
(3) Fuel cell model
The fuel cell and the hydrogen turbine belong to hydrogen power generation equipment, and the basic principle is that electric energy is generated through electron movement during oxidation-reduction reaction, and heat energy is recovered through a heat collecting device, so that the cogeneration is realized. The fuel cell basic model is built as follows:
Wherein the method comprises the steps of Representing the power generated by the fuel cell of the integrated energy system k at the time t,/>The mass of the hydrogen energy consumed by the fuel cell at time t is shown by the integrated energy system k. /(I)And/>Respectively representing the electrical and thermal efficiency of the fuel cell,/>The heat generation power of the fuel cell at the time t of the integrated energy system k is shown.
(4) Hydrogen storage and compressor model
The hydrogen storage device can stabilize supply and demand fluctuation across time scales as seasonal energy storage, and is key equipment for realizing medium and long-term utilization of hydrogen energy and multi-energy coordination. The hydrogen density is lower, and the storage volume can be greatly reduced by utilizing the compressor, wherein the compressor is connected with the hydrogen storage device, and the hydrogen storage, filling and discharging of the hydrogen are limited by the power of the compressor. The embodiment considers two hydrogen storage technologies, namely a hydrogen storage tank and a salt cavern hydrogen storage, and the technical parameters are similar, and the main difference is cost. The basic model for the connection of hydrogen storage and the compressor is established as follows:
Wherein the method comprises the steps of And/>Respectively representing the hydrogen charging/discharging quality of the ith hydrogen storage device of the comprehensive energy system k at the t moment,/>Hydrogen upper limit of compressor matched with ith hydrogen storage device of comprehensive energy system k at t moment is expressed, and hydrogen upper limit of compressor matched with ith hydrogen storage device of comprehensive energy system k at t moment is expressed as followsIndicating the upper limit of the hydrogen capacity of the ith hydrogen storage device of the comprehensive energy system k at the t moment,/>Representing the storage state of the ith hydrogen storage device of the comprehensive energy system k at the t moment,/>And/>The i-th hydrogen storage devices respectively represent hydrogen charging/discharging efficiency,Representing the power consumption coefficient of the compressor,/>Indicating the compressor consumption of the integrated energy system k at time t.
(5) Hydrogen energy pipeline transmission model
In order to analyze the effect of hydrogen energy transmission among regional comprehensive energy systems, the embodiment performs planning optimization of hydrogen energy pipeline transmission in post-processing optimization. Assuming that the possibility of newly building a hydrogen energy transmission pipeline exists between adjacent comprehensive energy systems, taking the minimum value of the sum of products of the hydrogen transmission quantity of each transmission pipeline and the length of the transmission pipeline as an objective function, a specific model is built as follows:
Wherein χ represents an objective function of hydrogen energy pipeline planning optimization, namely the sum of products of hydrogen energy transmission quantity and hydrogen energy pipelines, l j,k represents the length of the hydrogen energy pipeline between the integrated energy system j and the integrated energy system k, and the direction from the integrated energy system j to the integrated energy system k is defined as positive. Represents the amount of hydrogen transferred from the integrated energy system j to the integrated energy system k at time t,/>Represents a set of hydrogen energy conduits connected to the integrated energy system k. /(I)The hydrogen load of the integrated energy system k at time t is shown. N HS represents the number of kinds of hydrogen storage. Equation (20) represents the hydrogen balance inside the integrated energy system taking into account the pipeline transportation of hydrogen.
(6) Operational constraints for electrolysis cells, hydrogen turbines and fuel cells
Wherein X represents a set of equipment (including an electrolytic tank, a hydrogen turbine and a fuel cell),The electrical power of the integrated energy system k device X at time t is shown. /(I)And/>The online capacity, the starting capacity and the stopping capacity of the comprehensive energy system k equipment X at the time t are respectively represented. /(I)And/>The total capacity, newly installed capacity and existing capacity of the integrated energy system k device X are respectively represented. /(I)And/>Respectively represent the minimum/maximum output ratio of X equipment,/>And/>Respectively represent the maximum upward/downward slope rate of X equipment,/>And/>Respectively representing the maximum start/stop climbing rate of the X equipment. /(I)And/>Representing the minimum on/off time of the X device, respectively.
2. Comprehensive energy system model of hydrogen-containing energy full link
The method and the device are used for constructing a comprehensive energy system model of the hydrogen-containing full link based on the hydrogen-containing full link refinement model and by considering the coupling relation of three energy sources of electricity, heat and hydrogen, and the model considers the flexibility of system operation, hydrogen energy pipeline planning and equipment waste heat utilization, and can be used for analyzing the action details of each link of the hydrogen-containing full link and related equipment in the comprehensive energy system and the coupling relation of energy flows of electricity, hydrogen, heat and the like.
Besides the equipment such as an electrolytic tank, a compressor, a hydrogen storage device, a hydrogen turbine, a fuel cell, a hydrogen transmission pipeline and the like which are covered by the hydrogen energy full-link refinement model, the model also comprises electric energy related equipment: traditional thermal power generating units (coal-fired units, cogeneration units and gas units), wind energy units, photovoltaic units, traditional energy storage equipment (batteries and pumped storage), power transmission lines and heat energy related equipment: an electric boiler and a heat storage tank. Considering the coupling relation of three energy sources of electricity, heat and hydrogen, the electric energy balance in the system also considers the electric load caused by the operation of an electric boiler, an electrolytic tank and a compressor and the power output of a hydrogen turbine and a fuel cell, and the heat energy balance considers the heat generation of the electric boiler and a cogeneration unit and also utilizes the waste heat of the electrolytic tank, the hydrogen turbine and the fuel cell to meet the heat requirement. The basic architecture of the comprehensive energy system of the hydrogen-containing energy full link provided by the embodiment is shown in fig. 2.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: 1. electric energy related equipment model
(1) Thermal power generating unit model
① Minimum/maximum power output limit constraint
The comprehensive energy system considers three thermal power units, including a coal-fired unit, a cogeneration unit and a gas unit, and the cogeneration unit can generate heat to meet the heat requirement of the comprehensive energy system while generating electricity.And/>The total power output and the online capacity at the moment t of the i-th type thermal power generating unit of the comprehensive energy system k are shown. /(I)And/>The total installed capacity, the existing installed capacity and the non-negative newly installed capacity of the i-th type thermal power generating unit in the integrated energy system k are shown. Hourly output/>The total installed capacity should not be exceeded. /(I)And/>The starting capacity and the stopping capacity of the ith type thermal power generating unit t of the integrated energy system k are shown. /(I)And/>The capacity of the total assembly machine of the i-th type thermal power generating unit in the comprehensive energy system k cannot be exceeded. /(I)And/>The minimum and maximum output ratios of the i-th type thermal power generating unit in the comprehensive energy system k are respectively.
② Climbing constraint
Wherein,And/>Respectively representing the maximum upward/downward ramp rates in the i-th type thermal power generating unit. /(I)And/>Is the maximum start-stop climbing rate of the i-th thermal power generating unit.
③ Minimum on/off time constraint
Wherein,And/>Respectively representing the minimum start/stop time of the i-th thermal power generating unit in the comprehensive energy system k.
④ Heat generation constraint of cogeneration unit
Wherein,And/>The electric power and the thermal power of the cogeneration unit at time t in the integrated energy system k are respectively represented. /(I)And/>Respectively, the electric efficiency and the thermal efficiency of the cogeneration unit.
(2) Wind energy unit and photovoltaic unit model
Wherein,And/>The total power output of the comprehensive energy system k wind energy units and the photovoltaic units at the moment t is respectively; /(I)And/>Is the hourly capacity factor at the moment t of the wind energy unit and the photovoltaic unit of the comprehensive energy system k; /(I)And/>Is the total capacity of the wind energy unit and the photovoltaic unit in the comprehensive energy system k. /(I)And/>Is a non-negative new installed capacity of the wind energy unit and the photovoltaic unit in the comprehensive energy system k. /(I)And/>Is the existing capacity of the wind energy unit and the photovoltaic unit in the integrated energy system k.
(3) Energy storage model
Wherein,And/>The maximum power and energy capacity limits corresponding to the i-th type of energy storage of the integrated energy system k are respectively represented, and the embodiment considers two common energy storage technologies of battery energy storage and pumped storage. /(I)And/>Respectively representing the charge/discharge power at the i-th type energy storage t of the integrated energy system k.
Equation (43) represents the energy balance of the energy storage system, whereAnd/>The charge/discharge efficiency and the energy loss (self-discharge) rate of the i-th class of energy storage are respectively represented. v ES,i and/>Representing the minimum and maximum levels of energy remaining in the class i energy storage, respectively. A ES,i is the annual energy throughput of class i energy storage. /(I)The standby capacity of the i-th type energy storage t moment of the integrated energy system k is shown.
(4) Power transmission line capacity expansion model
Wherein P j,k represents the electric power transmitted at time t by the transmission line connecting the integrated energy system j and the integrated energy system k, the present embodiment provides that the transmission from the integrated energy system j to the integrated energy system k is in the positive direction.L j,k、Lj,k and/>Representing the total transmission capacity, the newly added transmission capacity, the existing transmission capacity, and the total transmission capacity upper limit of the transmission line, respectively.
2. Thermal energy related equipment model
(1) Electric boiler model
Wherein,And/>Respectively representing the electric power and the thermal power of the electric boiler of the comprehensive energy system k at the time t,/>Representing the total capacity of the integrated energy system k-electric boiler. /(I)And/>Representing the minimum and maximum electric power ratios of the electric boiler, respectively. /(I)Representing the thermal efficiency of an electric boiler,/>And/>Indicating the maximum upward/downward ramp rates of the electric boilers, respectively.
(2) Heat storage tank model
Wherein,And/>The maximum power and energy capacity limits corresponding to the heat storage tanks of the integrated energy system k are respectively indicated. /(I)And/>And respectively representing the charging/discharging power of the heat storage tank of the comprehensive energy system k at the time t. Formula (59) represents the energy balance of the heat storage tank, wherein/> And/>The charge/discharge efficiency and the energy loss rate of the heat storage tank are shown, respectively.
3. Comprehensive energy system collaborative planning operation method for hydrogen-containing energy full link
As shown in fig. 3, the method of the present embodiment performs a single objective optimization to minimize the overall system cost and the total carbon emissions and a multi-objective pareto optimization based on the modified epsilon constraint method, setting up a series of different collaborative planning operation scenarios. According to capacity configuration and time-by-time operation results obtained from different scenes, the influence of all links of the hydrogen energy full link on cost and carbon emission and the change relation of the cost and the carbon emission of the comprehensive energy system are analyzed, and the capacity configuration and operation optimization scheme of the comprehensive energy system of the hydrogen energy full link obtained by the method is verified, so that the flexibility and renewable energy consumption capacity of the system can be effectively improved, and the low-carbon economic operation of the comprehensive energy system is realized.
1. Objective function
The present embodiment proposes that the objective function of the model be to minimize the overall system cost and to minimize the total carbon emissions. The total cost of the system includes investment costs, operating costs, and benefits from the sales of hydrogen and by-products of hydrogen production. The total carbon emission is calculated by the carbon emission factor and the generating capacity of the traditional thermal power generating unit. The single-objective optimization or the multi-objective optimization is considered by combining different scenes, and the multi-objective optimization of the pareto optimization is realized by adopting an improved epsilor constraint method.
(1) Minimizing total cost of system
The total cost of the minimized system C total is taken as an objective function, and the total cost of the minimized system C total comprises the traditional thermal power unit cost C TU, the wind power unit cost C WT, the photovoltaic unit cost C PV, the energy storage cost C ES, the electrolyzer cost C EC, the hydrogen turbine cost C HT, the fuel cell cost C FC, the hydrogen storage cost C HS, the compressor cost C COP, the electric boiler cost C EB, the heat storage tank cost C HES, the transmission line cost C L and the benefits R brought by selling hydrogen and selling oxygen.
Ctotal＝CTU+CWT+CPV+CES+CEC+CHT+CFC+CHS+CCOP+CEB+CHES+CL-R
(60)
/>
Wherein a TU,i、fTU,i andRespectively represents the investment cost, the fixed operation cost and the start-stop cost of the i-th type traditional thermal power generating unit,/>And the variable operation cost of the i-th type traditional thermal power unit in the comprehensive energy system k is represented. a WT and f WT represent the investment cost and the fixed operating cost of the wind energy plant, respectively, and a PV and f PV represent the investment cost and the fixed operating cost of the photovoltaic plant, respectively. /(I)And/>Respectively representing the power type investment cost and the energy type investment cost of the i-th energy storage, and c ES,i represents the operation cost of the i-th energy storage. a EC and f EC represent the investment cost and the fixed operating and maintenance cost of the electrolyzer, respectively. a HT、fHT、cHT Respectively represent the investment cost, the fixed operation and maintenance cost, the variable operation cost and the start-stop cost of the hydrogen turbine. a FC and f FC represent the investment cost and the fixed operating cost of the fuel cell, respectively. a HS,i and f HS,i represent the investment cost and fixed operating cost of the i-th hydrogen storage, respectively. a COP and f COP represent the investment cost and the fixed operating cost of the compressor associated with the class i hydrogen storage, respectively. a EB and f EB represent the investment cost and the fixed operating cost of the electric boiler, respectively. a HES and f HES represent the investment cost and the fixed operation and maintenance cost of the heat storage tank, respectively, and c HES represents the operation cost of the charge/discharge power of the heat storage tank. /(I)Representing the investment costs of the transmission lines connecting the integrated energy system j and the integrated energy system k.
(2) Minimizing total carbon emissions
With the minimized total carbon emission EC total as an objective function, the total carbon dioxide emission is calculated by the carbon dioxide emission coefficient of the traditional thermal power unitAnd calculating the generating capacity of the unit.
(3) Multi-objective pareto optimization
The multi-objective pareto optimization contemplated by this embodiment is optimized with a view to minimizing the overall system cost and minimizing the total carbon emissions, and utilizes an improved epsilon constraint method to obtain the pareto front.
The objective function of the multi-objective optimization problem is generally expressed as:
min{f1(x),f2(x),...,fn(x)} (75)
Firstly, the value range of each objective function needs to be calculated, the minimum value can be obtained by independently optimizing the objective function, but the maximum value needs to be obtained by forming a payment table. First, f 1 (x) is taken as a single objective function to optimize and solve, and an optimal solution is obtained Sequentially bringing in f 1(x),f2(x),...,fn (x) to obtain corresponding objective function valuesThen f 2 (x) is used for optimizing and solving the single objective function firstly, and the steps are repeated until all objective functions are solved; the pay table (payoff table) is collated as follows:
And obtaining the minimum value f i min and the maximum value f i max of each objective function based on the payment table, and obtaining the value range of the objective function. Selecting a main objective function f k (x) according to decision preference, setting a gridding fraction q i for other objective functions and calculating the corresponding epsilon constraint as follows:
εij＝fi max-j·(fi max-fi min)/qi j＝1,2,...,qi (7)
The original multi-objective optimization function can be changed into a form of a single objective function and inequality constraint as follows:
where j=1, 2,..q 1;l＝1,2,…,q2;…;m＝1,2,...,qn. And (3) adding the pareto optimal solution set if the optimal solution obtained by each time of adjusting epsilon ij in the formula (78) is within a feasible range. The final pareto optimal solution set is the pareto front.
2. Constraint conditions
(1) System power balance constraint
Wherein,The electrical load of the integrated energy system k at time t is shown.
(2) System thermal energy balance constraint
Wherein,The heat rejection power of the integrated energy system k at time t is shown.
(3) System hydrogen energy balance constraint
/>
(4) System standby constraints
Wherein,And e WT and e PV respectively represent output prediction errors of the wind energy unit and the photovoltaic unit.
(5) Low-carbon policy constraints
The low-carbon policy contemplated by this embodiment is the renewable energy quota system (RPS, renewable portfolio standard) to represent the proportion of renewable energy that meets the power demand.
Where Γ represents the overall RPS target of the integrated energy system interconnect system and Φ k is the relaxation variable created for the energy storage device of the integrated energy system k. When the RPS constraint is introduced, the charge and discharge power of the energy storage device is positive at the same time, because the energy loss generated in the process can promote the consumption of renewable energy sources. Thus, this embodiment introduces Φ k to counteract the effects of such "energy loss" in the RPS constraints.
3. Solving for
Firstly, acquiring data required by solving a model, wherein the data comprise technical parameters, existing capacity and investment parameter data of a traditional thermal power unit, a wind energy unit, a photovoltaic unit, a traditional energy storage, an electrolytic tank, a hydrogen turbine, a fuel cell, a hydrogen storage device, a compressor, an electric boiler, a heat storage tank, a transmission line and a hydrogen energy pipeline, capacity factors of the wind energy unit and the photovoltaic unit of each comprehensive energy system and load curves of different energy forms. Based on the data, the embodiment sets a series of single-objective optimization or multi-objective optimization different conditions for analyzing the effects of different links of the hydrogen energy full link in the comprehensive energy system and the influence of renewable energy quota system, cost and carbon emission on planning operation results aiming at the comprehensive energy system collaborative planning operation model of the hydrogen energy full link. The embodiment utilizes GUROBI solver to solve the model to obtain the optimal capacity configuration and the time-by-time operation result of the comprehensive energy system of the corresponding scene.
Example two
A comprehensive energy system collaborative planning operation system of a full link containing hydrogen energy, comprising:
The hydrogen energy full-link model construction module is configured to introduce waste heat utilization of an electrolytic tank, a hydrogen turbine and a fuel cell in the production, compression, storage, transportation and application links of hydrogen energy, and take the benefit of byproducts in the hydrogen production process of the electrolytic tank into consideration to construct a hydrogen energy full-link model;
The comprehensive energy system model building module is configured to build a comprehensive energy system model of the hydrogen-containing energy full link by considering the coupling relation of three energy sources of electricity, heat and hydrogen according to the hydrogen energy full link model;
The solving module is configured to set constraint conditions, take the total cost and the total carbon emission of the minimum comprehensive energy system model as objective functions, independently optimize each objective function, substitute the optimal solution into other objective functions, determine the value range of each objective function, select the main objective function, set gridding scores for other objective functions and calculate corresponding epsilon constraints until the pareto optimal solution set is obtained, and obtain the optimal capacity configuration and the time-by-time operation result of the comprehensive energy system.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. which do not require the inventive effort by those skilled in the art, are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A comprehensive energy system collaborative planning operation method of a full link containing hydrogen energy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Introducing waste heat utilization of an electrolytic tank, a hydrogen turbine and a fuel cell in the production, compression, storage, transportation and application links of hydrogen energy, and constructing a hydrogen energy full-link model by considering the benefits of byproducts in the hydrogen production process of the electrolytic tank;
According to the hydrogen energy full-link model, the coupling relation of three energy sources of electricity, heat and hydrogen is considered, and a comprehensive energy system model of the hydrogen energy full-link is constructed;
Setting constraint conditions, taking the total cost and the total carbon emission of the minimized comprehensive energy system model as objective functions, optimizing each objective function independently, substituting the optimal solution into other objective functions, determining the value range of each objective function, selecting a main objective function, setting gridding scores for other objective functions, and calculating corresponding epsilon constraints until a pareto optimal solution set is obtained, and obtaining the optimal capacity configuration and time-by-time operation result of the comprehensive energy system.
2. The method for collaborative planning operation of a hydrogen-containing energy full-link integrated energy system of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen-containing energy full-link model comprises an electrolyzer model, a hydrogen turbine model, a fuel cell model, a hydrogen storage and compressor model, and a hydrogen energy pipeline transmission model, wherein:
The model of the electrolytic cell considers water consumption, electricity consumption, waste heat utilization and byproduct benefits in the production process of the electrolytic cell;
A fuel cell model taking into account fuel cell generated power and generated heat power;
the hydrogen storage and compressor model considers two hydrogen storage devices, namely a hydrogen storage tank and a salt cavern hydrogen storage, and the hydrogen storage devices are connected with a compressor;
The hydrogen energy pipeline transmission model assumes the possibility of newly building a hydrogen energy transmission pipeline between adjacent comprehensive energy systems, and takes the minimum value of the sum of products of the hydrogen transmission quantity of each transmission pipeline and the length of the transmission pipeline as an objective function.
3. A method of collaborative planning operation of a hydrogen-containing energy full-link integrated energy system as set forth in claim 2 wherein the hydrogen-containing energy full-link model includes operational constraints of an electrolyzer, a hydrogen turbine and a fuel cell.
4. The method for collaborative planning operation of a comprehensive energy system of a full link containing hydrogen energy according to claim 1, wherein the comprehensive energy system model comprises a thermal power plant, a wind power plant, a photovoltaic plant, an energy storage device, an electric power transmission line, a full link model of hydrogen energy and a thermal energy related device model, wherein the thermal power plant model comprises a minimum/maximum power output limit constraint, a climbing constraint, a minimum start/stop time constraint and a heat generation constraint of a cogeneration plant;
the wind energy unit and the photovoltaic unit model comprise total power output constraints;
The energy storage equipment considers two energy storage equipment, namely battery energy storage and pumped storage;
The power transmission line comprises a power transmission line capacity expansion model;
Thermal energy related plant models include electric boiler models and thermal storage tank models.
5. The method for collaborative planning operation of a hydrogen-energy-containing full-link integrated energy system according to claim 1, wherein the total cost of the system includes various unit investment costs, operation and maintenance costs and profits, the profits being from byproducts generated by selling hydrogen and producing hydrogen; and calculating the total carbon emission according to the carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit and the generating capacity of the unit.
6. The method for collaborative planning operation of a hydrogen-containing energy full-link integrated energy system according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the constraints include a system thermal energy balance constraint, a hydrogen energy balance constraint, a standby constraint and a low-carbon constraint.
7. The method for collaborative planning operation of a comprehensive energy system of a full link containing hydrogen energy according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the specific process of optimizing each objective function individually and substituting the optimal solution into other objective functions to determine the value range of each objective function comprises: taking the first function as a single objective function to perform optimization solution, and sequentially bringing the obtained optimal solution into each objective function to obtain a corresponding objective function value; and then, carrying out optimization solving on the single objective function by using other objective functions, repeating the steps until all the objective functions are solved, finishing to obtain a payment table, and obtaining the minimum value and the maximum value of each objective function based on the payment table to obtain the value range of the objective function.
8. The method for collaborative planning operation of a comprehensive energy system of a full link containing hydrogen energy according to claim 1, wherein constraint conditions are set according to target scenes, influences of a multi-renewable energy quota system, cost and carbon emission on a planning operation result are determined, weights occupied by all objective functions in target optimization are calculated to form final objective functions, and the models are solved based on system parameters to obtain optimal capacity configuration and time-by-time operation results of the comprehensive energy system of the corresponding scenes.
9. A comprehensive energy system collaborative planning operation system of a full link containing hydrogen energy is characterized by comprising:
The hydrogen energy full-link model construction module is configured to introduce waste heat utilization of an electrolytic tank, a hydrogen turbine and a fuel cell in the production, compression, storage, transportation and application links of hydrogen energy, and take the benefit of byproducts in the hydrogen production process of the electrolytic tank into consideration to construct a hydrogen energy full-link model;
The comprehensive energy system model building module is configured to build a comprehensive energy system model of the hydrogen-containing energy full link by considering the coupling relation of three energy sources of electricity, heat and hydrogen according to the hydrogen energy full link model;
The solving module is configured to set constraint conditions, take the total cost and the total carbon emission of the minimum comprehensive energy system model as objective functions, independently optimize each objective function, substitute the optimal solution into other objective functions, determine the value range of each objective function, select the main objective function, set gridding scores for other objective functions and calculate corresponding epsilon constraints until the pareto optimal solution set is obtained, and obtain the optimal capacity configuration and the time-by-time operation result of the comprehensive energy system.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor and computer instructions stored on the memory and running on the processor, which when executed by the processor, perform the steps in the method of any one of claims 1-8.
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