CN117963922A - Vertical drying kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process - Google Patents
Vertical drying kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical engineering, in particular to a vertical drying kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process, which comprises the following steps of: s1: lime and coke are selected as raw materials; s2: pretreating raw materials, and mixing lime and coke according to a certain proportion; s3: feeding the mixed raw materials into a vertical drying kiln; s4: the dried raw materials enter a sintering kiln for sintering treatment; s5: the sintered material is sent into a side-blown smelting furnace after being cooled; s6: the temperature, the pressure and the smelting time are precisely controlled; s7: and cooling and crushing the calcium carbide discharged from the side-blown smelting furnace. According to the invention, by adopting the efficient grading temperature control drying technology, the environment-friendly oxygen-enriched sintering process and the optimized smelting process, the energy efficiency and the product quality of calcium carbide production are obviously improved, the environmental pollution is greatly reduced, and the comprehensive optimization of the production process is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of calcium carbide production, in particular to a vertical drying kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process.
Background
The invention relates to the field of chemical engineering and material science, in particular to a process technology used in the process of producing calcium carbide (calcium carbide), wherein the calcium carbide is taken as an important chemical raw material, is widely applied to the production of various chemicals, comprises the preparation of acetylene gas and various organic compounds, and faces various challenges of low energy efficiency, heavy environmental pollution, unstable product quality and the like in the traditional calcium carbide production process.
Along with the progress of industrial technology and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, the traditional calcium carbide production mode has hardly met the requirements of modern industry, wherein the energy consumption problem and the environmental impact in the production process are particularly concerned, in the traditional production process, the energy consumption of the drying, sintering and smelting steps is high, the emission is difficult to effectively control, the environment is greatly burdened, and in addition, certain problems such as low production efficiency caused by insufficient raw material pretreatment, uneven product granularity and the like exist in the raw material treatment and the quality control of products.
Therefore, a novel calcium carbide production technology is urgently needed to improve energy efficiency, reduce environmental impact and ensure product quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: the vertical type drying kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process solves the problems that in the conventional production process, the energy consumption of drying, sintering and smelting steps is high, the emission is difficult to effectively control, and a large burden is caused to the environment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a vertical drying kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process comprises the following steps:
S1: lime and coke are selected as raw materials;
s2: pretreating raw materials, and mixing lime and coke according to a certain proportion;
s3: sending the mixed raw materials into a vertical drying kiln, and drying by adopting a grading temperature control drying technology;
S4: the dried raw materials enter a sintering kiln for sintering treatment, and the oxygen enrichment technology is adopted to improve the sintering efficiency;
s5: the sintered material is sent into a side-blown smelting furnace for smelting after being cooled;
s6: a control system is adopted in the smelting process to accurately control the temperature, the pressure and the smelting time;
s7: and cooling and crushing the calcium carbide discharged from the side-blown smelting furnace to obtain finished calcium carbide.
The above-mentioned scheme is based on and is a preferable scheme of the above-mentioned scheme: the step S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
s11: the calcium content in the selected lime chemical components is not less than 90%;
S12: the sulfur content of the selected coke is not more than 0.5%, the fixed carbon content of the high-quality coke is not less than 80%, and the water content of the high-quality coke is controlled below 24%.
The above-mentioned scheme is based on and is a preferable scheme of the above-mentioned scheme: the pretreatment of the raw materials in the step S2 comprises the following steps:
S21: lime pretreatment, namely mechanically crushing selected lime to reduce the granularity to 10-30mm, and screening the crushed lime by a vibrating screen to remove ultra-fine and ultra-coarse particles;
S22: pretreating the coke, drying the selected coke by using a rotary or fluidized bed dryer at the temperature of 100-150 ℃ until the water content of the coke is reduced to not more than 10%, and then treating the coke by using a pulverizer to adjust the granularity of the coke to 10-40mm.
The above-mentioned scheme is based on and is a preferable scheme of the above-mentioned scheme: the ratio of lime to coke in the S2 is 2:1 to 4:1.
The above-mentioned scheme is based on and is a preferable scheme of the above-mentioned scheme: the step S3 specifically comprises the following steps:
S31: raw material conveying, namely conveying pretreated and mixed lime and coke into a vertical drying kiln;
s32: the drying kiln is divided into three temperature control areas, including a primary drying area, a main drying area and a cooling area;
in the primary drying area, the temperature of drying is controlled to be 100-150 ℃;
In the trunk area, the temperature of drying is raised to 200-250 ℃;
In the cooling area, the temperature of drying is controlled to be 50-100 ℃;
s33: the duration of the whole drying process is 1-3 hours;
S34: the water content of the dried raw materials is reduced to below 2%, and unqualified materials automatically flow back to an inlet of a drying kiln for secondary drying treatment.
The above-mentioned scheme is based on and is a preferable scheme of the above-mentioned scheme: the step of performing sintering in S4 includes:
s41: the lime and coke mixture after drying treatment is sent into a sintering kiln through an automatic conveying system, and the conveying system is provided with a dust collecting and controlling device;
S42: controlling oxygen input through controlling an oxygen-enriched nozzle in the sintering kiln, wherein the purity of the input oxygen is more than 95%;
S43: the temperature of the sintering kiln is controlled between 1200 and 1400 ℃, and the time of the whole sintering process is 4 to 6 hours.
The above-mentioned scheme is based on and is a preferable scheme of the above-mentioned scheme: the step S5 specifically comprises the following steps:
S51: the sintered material firstly enters a special cooling area, the cooling area adopts a forced air cooling technology, and the temperature is controlled at 100-200 ℃ during cooling;
S52: the cooled material is sent into a side-blown smelting furnace through an automatic conveying system;
S53: in a side-blown smelting furnace, smelting the materials at 1800-2200 ℃ for 4-8 hours,
S54: the melted calcium carbide is discharged from the furnace and reduced to ambient temperature by a cooling belt.
The above-mentioned scheme is based on and is a preferable scheme of the above-mentioned scheme: the control system adopted in the step S6 is a PLC control system.
The above-mentioned scheme is based on and is a preferable scheme of the above-mentioned scheme: the step S7 specifically comprises the following steps:
s71: the calcium carbide discharged from the side-blown smelting furnace firstly passes through a cooling zone, a high-efficiency fan system is used for cooling in the cooling zone, the wind speed of a fan is controlled to be 5-10 m/s, natural air is used as a cooling medium, the temperature of the calcium carbide is reduced to 100 ℃, and the whole cooling process is controlled to be 30-60 minutes, so that the calcium carbide is ensured to be uniformly cooled;
S72: transferring the cooled calcium carbide to a temporary storage area through a vibration conveyor belt, wherein the stacking height of the calcium carbide is not more than 5 meters and the stacking density is 0.8-1.2 tons/cubic meter during storage;
S73: and (3) conveying the cooled calcium carbide into a pulverizer for pulverizing treatment, wherein the rotational speed of the pulverizer is set to be 2000-3000 rpm, and the pulverizing time is set to be 5-10 minutes, so as to obtain the finished product calcium carbide with the granularity of 2-5 mm.
In order to solve the problems that in the conventional production process, the energy consumption of the drying, sintering and smelting steps is high, the emission is difficult to be effectively controlled, and a large burden is caused to the environment, the invention has the following advantages:
the vertical drying kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process of the invention not only reduces the energy consumption in the traditional production process, but also effectively reduces the emission of harmful gas and dust by adopting the graded temperature control drying technology and the oxygen-enriched sintering process, in addition, the optimized smelting process further reduces the energy consumption, and simultaneously reduces the generation of smoke dust and other pollutants, the improvements have important significance for meeting more strict environmental protection standards,
According to the vertical type drying kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process, through a refined raw material pretreatment and control strategy, the production efficiency and the product quality are remarkably improved, the raw material screening and proportioning are accurate, the efficient drying treatment is carried out, the uniform reaction of the raw materials in the sintering and smelting processes is ensured, the yield and the quality of calcium carbide are improved, in addition, the granularity uniformity of the calcium carbide product is ensured in the accurate crushing and screening processes, and the requirements of different application scenes are met.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a process flow for practicing the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the vertical type drying kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process comprises the following steps:
S1: lime and coke are selected as raw materials;
s2: pretreating raw materials, and mixing lime and coke according to a certain proportion;
s3: sending the mixed raw materials into a vertical drying kiln, and drying by adopting a grading temperature control drying technology;
S4: the dried raw materials enter a sintering kiln for sintering treatment, and the oxygen enrichment technology is adopted to improve the sintering efficiency;
s5: the sintered material is sent into a side-blown smelting furnace for smelting after being cooled;
s6: a control system is adopted in the smelting process to accurately control the temperature, the pressure and the smelting time;
s7: and cooling and crushing the calcium carbide discharged from the side-blown smelting furnace to obtain finished calcium carbide.
S1 specifically comprises:
S11: the calcium content in the selected chemical components of the lime is 97%, the lime has no obvious impurities and uniform color, and the lime can be efficiently converted into lime in subsequent processing;
s12: the sulfur content of the selected coke is 0.2%, the fixed carbon content of the high-quality coke is 90%, and the water content is controlled to be 20%.
The pretreatment of the raw materials in S2 comprises the following steps:
S21: lime pretreatment, namely mechanically crushing selected lime to reduce the granularity to 20mm, screening the crushed lime by a vibrating screen to remove ultra-fine and ultra-coarse particles, and ensuring the granularity uniformity;
s22: the coke is pretreated, the selected coke is dried by a rotary dryer at 130 ℃ until the water content is reduced to 5%, and then the coke is treated by a pulverizer to adjust the granularity to 20mm.
The ratio of lime to coke in S2 is 3:1.
S3 specifically comprises:
S31: raw material conveying, namely conveying pretreated and mixed lime and coke into a vertical drying kiln;
s32: the drying kiln is divided into three temperature control areas, including a primary drying area, a main drying area and a cooling area;
In the primary drying area, the temperature of drying is controlled to be 130 ℃ so as to remove free moisture in the raw materials;
In the trunk area, the temperature of drying is raised to 230 ℃ to accelerate the evaporation of water and the drying of materials;
In the cooling area, the temperature of drying is controlled to be 80 ℃ so as to slowly reduce the temperature of the raw materials and avoid damage caused by thermal stress;
S33: the duration of the whole drying process is 2 hours, the drying process is adjusted according to the initial humidity and temperature of the raw materials, and the internal environment of the drying kiln is kept at slight negative pressure in the process, so that dust and gas leakage are prevented, and the uniformity and the efficiency of the drying process are ensured;
s34: the water content of the dried raw materials is reduced to 1%, and unqualified materials automatically flow back to an inlet of a drying kiln for secondary drying treatment.
The sintering process in S4 includes:
s41: the dried mixture of lime and coke is sent into the sintering kiln through an automatic conveying system, and the conveying system is provided with a dust collecting and controlling device so as to prevent the loss of raw materials and environmental pollution in the transportation process;
s42: the oxygen-enriched nozzle is controlled to control the input of oxygen, the purity of the input oxygen is 98%, so that the sintering efficiency is improved, the flow of the oxygen is regulated according to the size of the sintering kiln and the amount of raw materials, and the uniformly distributed oxygen flow is ensured;
s43: the temperature of the sintering kiln is controlled at 1300 ℃ to realize efficient sintering reaction, the time of the whole sintering process is 5 hours, and the sintering process is optimized according to the types and the quantity of raw materials.
Sintering is a heat treatment process at high temperature, and is mainly used for converting loose or powdery raw materials into compact and uniform block bodies, the sintering can enable particles of the raw materials to be combined, the mechanical strength and structural stability of the material are enhanced, and the microstructure and pore distribution of the raw materials are improved through sintering, so that the reactivity and efficiency of the raw materials in the smelting process are enhanced.
S5 specifically comprises the following steps:
S51: the sintered material enters a special cooling area firstly, the cooling area adopts a forced air cooling technology, and the temperature is controlled at 150 ℃ during cooling, so that the temperature of the material is slowly reduced, and physical stress and structural change caused by rapid cooling are prevented;
s52: the cooled materials are sent into a side-blown smelting furnace through an automatic conveying system, and the conveying system is provided with a dust suppression and material loss control mechanism so as to ensure the integrity and cleanliness of the materials in the transportation process;
S53: in a side-blown smelting furnace, smelting materials at the temperature of 2000 ℃ for 6 hours;
the side-blown smelting furnace adopts a high-efficiency side-blown technology, high-temperature air or oxygen is injected into the smelting furnace through a side nozzle, the uniformity and the efficiency of the smelting process are promoted, the gas flow and the injection angle are regulated according to the characteristics of materials in the furnace so as to optimize the smelting process,
S54: the calcium carbide after smelting is discharged from the furnace and is reduced to the ambient temperature by a cooling belt, so that preparation is made for the next crushing and finished product treatment.
The control system adopted in S6 is a PLC control system, is used for monitoring key parameters such as furnace temperature, pressure, gas flow rate and the like in real time, and automatically adjusts to maintain the optimal operation condition, and the specific application comprises:
And (3) temperature control: the PLC receives signals from a thermocouple or other temperature sensors, monitors the temperature of the smelting furnace in real time, and automatically adjusts the power of a heating element (such as an electric heater or a gas burner) according to set temperature parameters so as to keep the temperature in the smelting furnace within a preset range;
Process monitoring and adjustment: the PLC also monitors other critical parameters, such as furnace pressure and smelting time, and by real-time monitoring and adjustment of these parameters, the PLC ensures the stability and efficiency of the smelting process, automatically taking protective measures, such as shutting down the heating system or activating an alarm, when an abnormal condition (e.g. excessive temperature or pressure) is detected.
S7 specifically comprises the following steps:
s71: the calcium carbide discharged from the side-blown smelting furnace firstly passes through a cooling zone, a high-efficiency fan system is used for cooling in the cooling zone, the wind speed of a fan is controlled to be 7 m/s, natural air is used as a cooling medium, the temperature of the calcium carbide is reduced to 100 ℃, and the whole cooling process is controlled to be 45 minutes, so that the calcium carbide is uniformly cooled;
s72: transferring the cooled calcium carbide to a temporary storage area through a vibration conveyor belt, wherein the stacking height of the calcium carbide is 3 meters, and the stacking density is 1 ton/cubic meter during storage so as to prevent crushing or structural damage caused by self weight;
S73: delivering the cooled calcium carbide into a pulverizer for pulverizing, setting the rotational speed of the pulverizer to 2500 rpm and the pulverizing time to 8 minutes to obtain the finished calcium carbide with the granularity of 3mm, screening the pulverized calcium carbide to separate out the part which does not meet the granularity requirement, and carrying out final quality detection on the screened calcium carbide, wherein the final quality detection comprises humidity and chemical component analysis so as to ensure that the calcium carbide meets the production standard.
Example 2
S1: selecting lime with calcium content of 95% and high-quality coke with sulfur content not more than 0.3%, fixed carbon content of 85% and water content controlled at 22%;
S2: mechanically crushing lime to 10mm granularity, sieving by a vibrating screen to remove out-of-specification particles, drying coke by a fluidized bed dryer at 100 ℃ until the water content is reduced to 10%, and then crushing to 10mm granularity;
S3: lime and coke are mixed according to the proportion of 2:1, and are sent into a vertical drying kiln, and are dried in the kiln which is divided into a primary drying area of 100 ℃, a main drying area of 200 ℃ and a cooling area of 50 ℃, and the whole process lasts for 1 hour until the water content of the raw materials is reduced to 1.5%;
S4: sending the dried mixture into a sintering kiln through an automatic conveying system, inputting oxygen with the purity of 96% under the condition of controlling an oxygen-enriched nozzle, controlling the temperature of the sintering kiln at 1200 ℃, and continuously carrying out the whole sintering process for 4 hours;
S5: feeding the sintered material into a special cooling area, adopting forced air cooling technology, controlling the temperature to be 100 ℃, and then feeding the material into a side-blown smelting furnace through an automatic conveying system;
s6: smelting the materials in a side-blown smelting furnace at 1800 ℃ for 4 hours, wherein a PLC control system is adopted by a control system to ensure accurate temperature, pressure and smelting time control;
S7: the smelted calcium carbide firstly passes through a cooling area and is cooled by a fan system, the air speed of the fan is controlled at 5 m/s, the calcium carbide is cooled to 100 ℃ for 30 minutes, then the calcium carbide is transferred to a temporary storage area through a vibration conveyor belt, the stacking height of the calcium carbide is 4m, the density is 0.8 ton/cubic meter during the storage period, and finally the calcium carbide is sent to a pulverizer and is pulverized for 5 minutes at the rotating speed of 2000 rpm, so that the finished calcium carbide with the granularity of 2mm is obtained.
Example 3
S1: selecting lime with 93 percent of calcium and high-quality coke with sulfur content not more than 0.5 percent, fixed carbon content of 80 percent and water content of 24 percent;
S2: mechanically crushing lime to 30mm granularity, sieving by a vibrating screen to remove out-of-specification particles, drying coke by a fluidized bed dryer at 150 ℃ until the water content is reduced to 7%, and then crushing to 40mm granularity;
S3: lime and coke are mixed according to the ratio of 4:1 and are sent into a vertical drying kiln, and are dried in the kiln which is divided into a primary drying zone of 150 ℃, a main drying zone of 250 ℃ and a cooling zone of 100 ℃, and the whole process lasts for 3 hours until the water content of the raw materials is reduced to 2%;
S4: sending the dried mixture into a sintering kiln through an automatic conveying system, and under the condition of controlling an oxygen-enriched nozzle, inputting oxygen with the purity of 95%, wherein the temperature of the sintering kiln is controlled at 1400 ℃, and the whole sintering process lasts for 6 hours;
s5: the sintered material enters a special cooling area, the temperature is controlled at 200 ℃ by adopting a forced air cooling technology, and then the material is sent into a side-blown smelting furnace through an automatic conveying system.
S6: smelting the materials in a side-blown smelting furnace at 2200 ℃, wherein the smelting process time is 8 hours, and a PLC control system is adopted by a control system to ensure accurate temperature, pressure and smelting time control;
S7: the smelted calcium carbide firstly passes through a cooling area and is cooled by a fan system, the air speed of the fan is controlled at 10 m/s, the temperature of the calcium carbide is reduced to 100 ℃ for 60 minutes, then the calcium carbide is transferred to a temporary storage area through a vibration conveyor belt, the stacking height of the calcium carbide is 5m, the density is 1.2 tons/cubic meter during the storage period, and finally the calcium carbide is sent to a pulverizer and is pulverized for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 3000 rpm, so that the finished calcium carbide with the granularity of 5mm is obtained.
TABLE 1 comparison of calcium carbide production Performance parameters
From table 1 above, it can be seen that example 1 provides the best energy efficiency and product quality, although its energy consumption is at a moderate level in the three examples, the overall efficiency is highest because of its more efficient pretreatment, drying, sintering and smelting steps, ultimately yielding a better quality product (3 mm particle size calcium carbide).
Table 2 comparison of finished carbide Performance
| Performance index | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Particle size (mm) | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Purity (%) | 95 | 93 | 91 |
| Melting point (. Degree. C.) | 2160 | 2145 | 2130 |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.1 |
| Specific gravity (g/cm 3) | 2.4 | 2.35 | 2.3 |
| Chemical Activity (reaction Rate) | High (5 min) | Middle (7 min) | Low (10 min) |
| Hydrolysis Rate (Rate constant, min -1) | 0.04 | 0.035 | 0.03 |
| Temperature range (DEG C) | 0-50 | 5-45 | 10-55 |
As can be seen from Table 2 above, the calcium carbide produced in example 1 performs best in various performance specifications, it has a moderate particle size (3 mm), highest purity (95%), highest melting point (2160 ℃ C.), and optimum hardness (3.5 Mohs) and specific gravity (2.4 g/cm 3), which make it very desirable in various industrial applications, especially where higher purity and thermal stability are required; the calcium carbide produced in the example 2 is slightly inferior to the calcium carbide produced in the example 1 in various indexes, and although the granularity is slightly larger (4 mm), the purity (93%) and the melting point (2145 ℃) are slightly lower, the calcium carbide is still suitable for most applications, especially for the occasion with less strict requirement on the granularity of the calcium carbide; the calcium carbide produced in example 3 performed the worst among all the criteria, with the largest particle size (5 mm), lowest purity (91%), lowest melting point (2130 ℃), which may not be as desirable in most industrial applications, however, it may still be suitable for certain specific environments, especially where particle size and purity requirements are low.
Overall, the calcium carbide produced in example 1 is excellent in various applications due to its excellent combination of properties, and is the first choice in three examples.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The vertical drying kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1: lime and coke are selected as raw materials;
s2: pretreating raw materials, and mixing lime and coke according to a certain proportion;
s3: sending the mixed raw materials into a vertical drying kiln, and drying by adopting a grading temperature control drying technology;
S4: the dried raw materials enter a sintering kiln for sintering treatment, and the oxygen enrichment technology is adopted to improve the sintering efficiency;
s5: the sintered material is sent into a side-blown smelting furnace for smelting after being cooled;
s6: a control system is adopted in the smelting process to accurately control the temperature, the pressure and the smelting time;
s7: and cooling and crushing the calcium carbide discharged from the side-blown smelting furnace to obtain finished calcium carbide.
2. The vertical drying kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 specifically comprises:
s11: the calcium content in the selected lime chemical components is not less than 90%;
S12: the sulfur content of the selected coke is not more than 0.5%, the fixed carbon content of the high-quality coke is not less than 80%, and the water content of the high-quality coke is controlled below 24%.
3. The vertical kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process according to claim 2, wherein the step of pretreating the raw material in S2 comprises:
S21: lime pretreatment, namely mechanically crushing selected lime to reduce the granularity to 10-30mm, and screening the crushed lime by a vibrating screen to remove ultra-fine and ultra-coarse particles;
S22: pretreating the coke, drying the selected coke by using a rotary or fluidized bed dryer at the temperature of 100-150 ℃ until the water content of the coke is reduced to not more than 10%, and then treating the coke by using a pulverizer to adjust the granularity of the coke to 10-40mm.
4. The vertical kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process according to claim 3, wherein the ratio of lime to coke in the S2 is 2:1 to 4:1.
5. The vertical drying kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process according to claim 4, wherein the step S3 specifically comprises:
S31: raw material conveying, namely conveying pretreated and mixed lime and coke into a vertical drying kiln;
s32: the drying kiln is divided into three temperature control areas, including a primary drying area, a main drying area and a cooling area;
in the primary drying area, the temperature of drying is controlled to be 100-150 ℃;
In the trunk area, the temperature of drying is raised to 200-250 ℃;
In the cooling area, the temperature of drying is controlled to be 50-100 ℃;
s33: the duration of the whole drying process is 1-3 hours;
S34: the water content of the dried raw materials is reduced to below 2%, and unqualified materials automatically flow back to an inlet of a drying kiln for secondary drying treatment.
6. The vertical kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process according to claim 5, wherein the sintering treatment in S4 comprises:
s41: the lime and coke mixture after drying treatment is sent into a sintering kiln through an automatic conveying system, and the conveying system is provided with a dust collecting and controlling device;
S42: controlling oxygen input through controlling an oxygen-enriched nozzle in the sintering kiln, wherein the purity of the input oxygen is more than 95%;
S43: the temperature of the sintering kiln is controlled between 1200 and 1400 ℃, and the time of the whole sintering process is 4 to 6 hours.
7. The vertical drying kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process according to claim 6, wherein the step S5 specifically comprises:
S51: the sintered material firstly enters a special cooling area, the cooling area adopts a forced air cooling technology, and the temperature is controlled at 100-200 ℃ during cooling;
S52: the cooled material is sent into a side-blown smelting furnace through an automatic conveying system;
S53: in a side-blown smelting furnace, smelting the materials at 1800-2200 ℃ for 4-8 hours,
S54: the melted calcium carbide is discharged from the furnace and reduced to ambient temperature by a cooling belt.
8. The vertical drying kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process according to claim 7, wherein the control system adopted in the step S6 is a PLC control system.
9. The vertical drying kiln sintering combined oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting process according to claim 8, wherein the step S7 specifically comprises:
s71: the calcium carbide discharged from the side-blown smelting furnace firstly passes through a cooling zone, a high-efficiency fan system is used for cooling in the cooling zone, the wind speed of a fan is controlled to be 5-10 m/s, natural air is used as a cooling medium, the temperature of the calcium carbide is reduced to 100 ℃, and the whole cooling process is controlled to be 30-60 minutes, so that the calcium carbide is ensured to be uniformly cooled;
S72: transferring the cooled calcium carbide to a temporary storage area through a vibration conveyor belt, wherein the stacking height of the calcium carbide is not more than 5 meters and the stacking density is 0.8-1.2 tons/cubic meter during storage;
S73: and (3) conveying the cooled calcium carbide into a pulverizer for pulverizing treatment, wherein the rotational speed of the pulverizer is set to be 2000-3000 rpm, and the pulverizing time is set to be 5-10 minutes, so as to obtain the finished product calcium carbide with the granularity of 2-5 mm.
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