CN117956032A - Data transmission system and method based on Internet of things - Google Patents

Data transmission system and method based on Internet of things Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117956032A
CN117956032A CN202410120705.0A CN202410120705A CN117956032A CN 117956032 A CN117956032 A CN 117956032A CN 202410120705 A CN202410120705 A CN 202410120705A CN 117956032 A CN117956032 A CN 117956032A
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data
transmission
storage space
temporary storage
internet
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袁斌
涂聪辉
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Changjiang New Silk Road Data Technology Development Co ltd
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Changjiang New Silk Road Data Technology Development Co ltd
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Abstract

The application discloses a data transmission system and a data transmission method based on the Internet of things, which belong to the technical field of data transmission of equipment of the Internet of things and comprise the following steps: the receiving end of the server receives first collected data distributed in the temporary storage space; establishing a plurality of groups of transmission channels, and determining a communication mode between the transmission channels and the temporary storage space in the first acquired data transmission process; feeding back the communication mode determined in the first acquired data transmission process to a transmission end in a binary signal mode; and judging the switching frequency in the data transmission process according to the stored binary signal, and selecting the verification mode of the receiving end according to the switching frequency. In the implementation process of the technical scheme of the application, the effect of adjusting the transmission channels according to the data is realized by establishing a plurality of groups of transmission channels and determining the communication mode of the transmission channels and the temporary storage space, the transmission efficiency of the data is improved, the communication mode in the transmission process is stored in the form of binary signals, and the verification mode of the receiving end is adjusted.

Description

Data transmission system and method based on Internet of things
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of data transmission of Internet of things equipment, in particular to a data transmission system and a data transmission method based on the Internet of things.
Background
In recent years, the internet of things technology has been widely used, but in the application process of the internet of things technology, a large number of processes of data acquisition, data transmission and data processing are involved, and along with the increasing demand for intelligence, the internet of things has become a popular technology in the industrial field and is gradually applied to intelligent households.
In the use process of the internet of things equipment, data acquisition is required to be carried out through a large number of acquisition equipment, the data is transmitted to a processing terminal after the acquisition is completed, the acquired data is analyzed and processed, various control signals are generated and transmitted to other equipment, in order to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the control signals, the transmission of the acquired data is critical, the probability of data loss is reduced in the data transmission process is required to be considered, the data transmission speed is also required to be considered, the timeliness is improved, and the control signals are prevented from being generated and transmitted to other equipment in time.
At present, two methods exist in the data transmission process, namely, data acquired by different acquisition devices are simultaneously transmitted to a processing terminal, so that the data transmission speed can be improved, and a plurality of data streams can be simultaneously transmitted, so that the data throughput of a system is improved, and the data transmission delay is reduced; the other is merging transmission (also called serial transmission), namely, all the data acquired by the acquisition equipment are merged into one data stream for transmission, so that bandwidth resources and transmission cost can be saved, the merging transmission can simplify the design of a system, the complexity of the system is reduced, and the method also has some defects, such as more data quantity in one data stream, transmission delay, higher instantaneous performance requirement and higher hardware cost, when the performance of the hardware is insufficient to meet the transmission requirement, the system is down, the data is easy to be abnormal, and the current lack of a data transmission method can consider the advantages and the requirements of parallel transmission and merging transmission, and simultaneously improves the reliability of the system.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a data transmission system and a data transmission method based on the internet of things to solve the above problems.
It should be noted that the above information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background of the inventive concept and, therefore, it may contain information that does not constitute prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above problems existing in the prior art, the present application aims to solve the problems: the data transmission system and the data transmission method based on the Internet of things achieve the effect of improving transmission efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a data transmission method based on the Internet of things comprises the following steps:
The receiving end of the server receives first collected data distributed in the temporary storage space, wherein the first collected data are collected by the collecting equipment, the temporary storage space is electrically connected with the collecting equipment, and the receiving request action of the server runs at a frequency consistent with the distribution action of the temporary storage space;
Establishing a plurality of groups of transmission channels, and determining a communication mode between the transmission channels and the temporary storage space in the first acquired data transmission process;
feeding back the communication mode determined in the first acquired data transmission process to a transmission end in a binary signal mode, and storing all binary signals in the process;
And judging the switching frequency in the data transmission process according to the stored binary signal, and selecting the verification mode of the receiving end according to the switching frequency.
In the implementation process of the technical scheme of the invention, the effect of adjusting the transmission channels according to the data is realized by establishing a plurality of groups of transmission channels and determining the communication mode of the transmission channels and the temporary storage space, the transmission efficiency of the data is improved, the communication mode in the transmission process is stored in the form of binary signals, and the verification mode of the receiving end is adjusted.
Further, the data storage mode of the temporary storage space is first in first out, that is, the first collected data of the temporary storage space is output to the transmission channel first, and the allocation action of the temporary storage space is consistent with the receiving request action of the server, that is, after the temporary storage space starts to store the data, the server can send the receiving request signal only when the temporary storage space has no data or the stored data does not reach the allocation standard, the server keeps silent, and further the allocation action of the temporary storage space stops, so that the allocation action of the temporary storage space is consistent with the receiving request action of the server.
Further, determining a communication mode of the transmission channel and the temporary storage space in the first acquired data transmission process includes:
Randomly grouping first acquired data which is currently required to be transmitted in a temporary storage space by adopting a data grouping model, and generating grouping transmission data;
Determining data characteristics of the packet transmission data, and quantizing the data characteristics to obtain data characteristic quantized values of the packet transmission data;
Carrying out statistical characteristic calculation on the generated data characteristic quantized values to obtain the confidence coefficient of each data;
Randomly placing the first data into one of the transmission channels, setting a fluctuation threshold value, and comparing the first data with the confidence level of the latter data in sequence from the first data;
And carrying out transmission channel allocation on the first acquired data according to the confidence coefficient comparison result.
Further, the data grouping model comprises one or more of a K-means clustering model, a hierarchical clustering model, a density clustering model, a mixed model clustering model and the like.
Further, a method for carrying out data characteristic quantization on the packet transmission data adopts a characteristic quantization model.
Further, the confidence coefficient calculating method is a variance absolute difference method, namely, variance values of all data are calculated, absolute difference calculation is carried out on the variance values and each data, and the obtained absolute difference is the confidence coefficient of each data.
Further, when the confidence difference does not exceed the fluctuation threshold, the next data is allocated to the same channel as the previous data; when the confidence difference exceeds the fluctuation threshold, the next data is assigned to a different channel than the previous data.
Further, the binary signal includes 1 and 0, wherein 1 indicates that the transmission channel is switched, and 0 indicates that the transmission channel is not switched.
Further, the switching frequency refers to the proportion of 1 representing the switching generated by the transmission channel in all binary signals in the stored binary signals.
A data transmission system based on the internet of things, the system comprising:
The data receiving module is used for receiving first collected data distributed in the temporary storage space by a receiving end of the server, wherein the first collected data are collected by the collecting equipment, the temporary storage space is electrically connected with the collecting equipment, and the receiving request action of the server runs at a frequency consistent with the distribution action of the temporary storage space;
The transmission mode selection module is used for establishing a plurality of groups of transmission channels and determining a communication mode between the transmission channels and the temporary storage space in the first acquired data transmission process;
The communication mode feedback module is used for feeding back the communication mode determined in the first acquisition data transmission process to the transmission end in a binary signal mode and storing all binary signals in the process;
And the verification mode selection module is used for judging the switching frequency in the data transmission process according to the stored binary signal and selecting the verification mode of the receiving end according to the switching frequency.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows: according to the data transmission system and the data transmission method based on the Internet of things, the effect of adjusting the transmission channels according to the data is achieved by establishing a plurality of groups of transmission channels and determining the communication modes of the transmission channels and the temporary storage space, the data transmission efficiency is improved, the communication modes in the transmission process are stored in the form of binary signals, and the verification mode of the receiving end is adjusted.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present application has other objects, features and advantages. The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a data transmission method based on the internet of things in the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of module configuration of a data transmission system based on the internet of things in the present application;
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present application, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
Embodiment one:
As shown in fig. 1, the application provides a data transmission method based on the internet of things, which comprises the following steps:
Step 101: the receiving end of the server receives first collected data distributed in the temporary storage space, wherein the first collected data are collected by the collecting equipment, the temporary storage space is electrically connected with the collecting equipment, and the receiving request action of the server runs at a frequency consistent with the distribution action of the temporary storage space;
The acquisition equipment refers to equipment with a data acquisition function, such as various sensors for sensing and measuring various physical quantities in the environment, such as temperature, humidity, pressure, acceleration and the like, in the application process of the Internet of things; the camera is used for collecting images and video data; the RFID reader is used for reading and writing information on the RFID label; the intelligent ammeter is used for collecting and monitoring the use condition of electric energy; the intelligent wearable device is used for collecting data of a human body; the intelligent household equipment is used for collecting household environment data and equipment states; industrial control equipment for industrial automation, production process monitoring, etc., and in this embodiment, the type and model of the collection equipment are not limited;
In this embodiment, the collecting device is generally integrated with or electrically connected to a temporary storage space, where the temporary storage space is used to temporarily store operation data of the collecting device and is used as first collected data to be transmitted from a transfer station in a received process, so that in a data transmission process, the first collected data sequentially enters the temporary storage space according to a collection sequence, then the temporary storage space distributes the first collected data into a transmission channel according to a signal sent by a server, and after the server receives the data, the data is transmitted, the temporary storage space is set to store the operation data of the collecting device, and in the transmission process, the first collected data can pass through the temporary storage space and leave a transmission record, and no additional record is needed in the transmission channel, and only the transmission record is stored in the temporary storage space, so that the system calculation force resource is saved while the subsequent tracing is facilitated, and meanwhile, the transmission pressure can be relieved, the transmission delay is reduced, and the risk of data loss is reduced;
The data storage mode of the temporary storage space is first in first out, namely, first acquired data entering the temporary storage space is output to a transmission channel firstly, so that disorder of the data is prevented, the allocation action of the temporary storage space is consistent with the receiving request action of a server, after the temporary storage space starts to store the data, the server can send the receiving request signal only when the temporary storage space has no data or the stored data does not reach the allocation standard, the server can keep silent, the allocation action of the temporary storage space is stopped, the allocation action of the temporary storage space is consistent with the receiving request action of the server, collision is prevented in the data transmission process, the data stays in the transmission channel and is not normally received, and the part of data is lost or damaged;
in this embodiment, the server may exist in a plurality of locations, for example, a data transmitting end, a data receiving end, etc., and the server refers to a hardware module having functions of data receiving, processing, storing, etc., and is not an existing server terminal;
it should be noted that, in the art, the data is generally transmitted in a binary form, so various data involved in this embodiment are binary numbers, and will not be described in detail later;
Step 102: establishing a plurality of groups of transmission channels, and determining a communication mode between the transmission channels and the temporary storage space in the first acquired data transmission process;
The transmission of data needs to rely on transmission channels, so that the transmission channels need to be established before the data is transmitted, and in order to improve the transmission efficiency, multiple groups of transmission channels are generally required to be established, so that one or more groups of transmission channels are selected to be transmitted simultaneously when the data is transmitted;
Since the first collected data will first pass through the temporary storage space, the transmission channel needs to be connected with the temporary storage space, in this embodiment, the transmission channel is wirelessly connected with the temporary storage space, wherein the wireless connection mode includes various wireless local area networks, bluetooth, zi gBee, Z-Wave, mobile communication, etc., and the embodiment is not limited;
In order to realize data transmission, a communication mode between a transmission channel and a temporary storage space needs to be determined, namely, a transmission mode of first acquired data temporarily stored in the temporary storage space, existing transmission modes comprise modes of parallel transmission, serial transmission, broadcast transmission, multicast transmission, indirect transmission and the like, which are all determined before data transmission, and when the distribution and the type of the data change, the transmission mode needs to be determined again to improve the data transmission efficiency.
Step 201: randomly grouping first acquired data which is currently required to be transmitted in a temporary storage space by adopting a data grouping model, and generating grouping transmission data;
The data grouping model is a model capable of partially or completely grouping a known data set, and generally includes a plurality of input terminals for inputting data to be grouped, in this embodiment, the data to be grouped is first collected data currently required to be transmitted in a temporary storage space, so that the input terminals of the data grouping model are electrically connected with the temporary storage space, and the first collected data in the temporary storage space is input into the data grouping model;
Meanwhile, the data grouping model is also provided with an output end, the output end is used for outputting grouped data, a processor for identifying and analyzing input data is arranged in the data grouping model, corresponding constraint and a control end for adjusting constraint are arranged in the data grouping model, the constraint is used for limiting the operation of the data grouping model so as to realize corresponding functions, such as unique constraint, reference integrity constraint, data type constraint and the like, and the constraint adjustment, deletion, addition and the like are performed through the constraint control end;
In this embodiment, the data grouping model may be one or more of a K-means clustering model, a hierarchical clustering model, a density clustering model, and a hybrid model clustering, so as to implement grouping of the first collected data, generate grouping transmission data, and perform grouping and retransmission on the first collected data, so that system resources required in each stage of transmission can be reduced, because in a subsequent transmission mode selection process, a corresponding transmission mode selection is required according to characteristics of the data, the first collected data before grouping is more, the data is in a stripe unit, and a large amount of system resources are required to be consumed for traversing each data in serial transmission or parallel transmission, and the first collected data after grouping is in a group unit, so that a better clustering effect can be provided in the selection of the transmission mode, thereby reducing system performance requirements in the transmission process;
Step 202: determining data characteristics of the packet transmission data, and quantizing the data characteristics to obtain data characteristic quantized values of the packet transmission data;
in order to select a proper transmission mode for the packet transmission data, besides considering the maximum bearing range of hardware performance, the characteristics of the data, namely the data characteristics of the packet transmission data, are required to be considered, and in order to facilitate operation, the data characteristics of the packet transmission data are required to be quantized, so that the data characteristics of the packet transmission data are convenient to understand and analyze;
specifically, the method for performing data feature quantization on the packet transmission data by adopting a feature quantization model can be specifically referred to the prior art or the chinese patent of invention with publication number CN113408552a, and is not described in detail in this embodiment;
step 203: carrying out statistical characteristic calculation on the generated data characteristic quantized values to obtain the confidence coefficient of each data;
After the data characteristic quantized values are generated, statistical characteristic calculation is needed, the confidence coefficient of each data is calculated according to the statistical characteristic of the data characteristic quantized values, the confidence coefficient calculating method is a variance absolute difference method, namely, the variance values of all the data are calculated, the variance values and each data are subjected to absolute difference calculation, and the obtained absolute difference is the confidence coefficient of each data;
Step 204: randomly placing the first data into one of the transmission channels, setting a fluctuation threshold value, and comparing the first data with the confidence level of the latter data in sequence from the first data;
Before selecting a data transmission mode, a first data is randomly placed in one transmission channel, and meanwhile, a fluctuation threshold value is set, wherein the fluctuation threshold value can be set by itself or can be set automatically for a server according to the data distribution condition, and then confidence comparison is carried out on the first data and the next data in sequence, so that whether the confidence difference value between adjacent data exceeds the fluctuation threshold value is judged;
step 205: carrying out transmission channel allocation on the first acquired data according to the confidence coefficient comparison result;
after confidence comparison, confidence difference values, namely confidence comparison results, exist between adjacent data, and the transmission channel distribution of the data can be realized through the confidence difference values, specifically, when the confidence difference values do not exceed a fluctuation threshold value, the next data is distributed to the same channel as the last data; when the confidence difference exceeds the fluctuation threshold, the next data is distributed to a channel which is different from the previous data;
in the data transmission process, the data input and output are carried out according to a certain order, so that the fluctuation between adjacent data can influence the selection of the transmission mode, when the fluctuation between the adjacent data is large, if two data are distributed into the same transmission channel during transmission, not only can the data quantity of the transmission channel be distributed unevenly, but also negative conditions such as loss, messy codes and the like can be easily generated in the data with large fluctuation at a receiving end can be caused, therefore, the distribution of the transmission channel is realized by adopting a confidence comparison mode, the fluctuation of the adjacent data in the same transmission channel is smaller as much as possible, the transmission efficiency is improved, and the probability of abnormal data in the transmission process is reduced;
it should be noted that, besides adopting the mode of comparing confidence degrees of adjacent data, the data can be grouped, namely, the confidence degree difference between adjacent groups is judged, and the transmission mode is selected according to the confidence degree difference between adjacent groups, so that the method is applicable to scenes with smaller data volume.
Step 103: feeding back the communication mode determined in the first acquired data transmission process to a transmission end in a binary signal mode, and storing all binary signals in the process;
After determining the communication mode, a control signal is generated, wherein the control signal has two states, namely a channel holding state and a channel switching state, and when the confidence difference value does not exceed the fluctuation threshold value, the channel holding state is generated, and the state is realized by a binary signal 1; when the confidence difference exceeds the fluctuation threshold, a channel switching state is generated, the state is realized by a binary signal 0, all binary signals in the process are stored, and the switching frequency of the whole data is conveniently judged through the stored binary signals, so that the verification requirement of a receiving end is determined;
step 104: and judging the switching frequency in the data transmission process according to the stored binary signal, and selecting the verification mode of the receiving end according to the switching frequency.
In the above process, channel switching occurs in the data transmission process, when the transmission channel is switched, the fluctuation between adjacent data is larger than the fluctuation threshold, and when the switching frequency in the whole process is too high, the strong instability of the whole data is reflected, so that a verification mode with strong strength is required to be selected at the receiving end, and the verification mode with strong strength synchronously causes higher hardware performance requirements; when the switching frequency in the whole process is lower, the stability of the whole data is higher, and the transmission channel is not required to be frequently switched in the transmission process, so that a verification mode with smaller force is only required to be adopted at the receiving end;
The switching frequency is calculated by the method that, in the binary signals, the number of states 1 (i.e. the switching is generated) is the proportion of all binary signals, the higher the number is, the higher the switching frequency is, in this embodiment, when the switching frequency is greater than or equal to 0.5 or less than 0.5, the verification mode of the receiving end is replaced;
The verification method includes Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), parity check, message authentication code check (MAC), and the like, and one or a combination of multiple methods may be selected in practical application, which is not limited in this embodiment.
Embodiment two:
as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, a data transmission system based on the internet of things is provided, where the system uses the method in the first embodiment, and the system includes:
The data receiving module is used for receiving first collected data distributed in the temporary storage space by a receiving end of the server, wherein the first collected data are collected by the collecting equipment, the temporary storage space is electrically connected with the collecting equipment, and the receiving request action of the server runs at a frequency consistent with the distribution action of the temporary storage space;
The transmission mode selection module is used for establishing a plurality of groups of transmission channels and determining a communication mode between the transmission channels and the temporary storage space in the first acquired data transmission process;
The communication mode feedback module is used for feeding back the communication mode determined in the first acquisition data transmission process to the transmission end in a binary signal mode and storing all binary signals in the process;
And the verification mode selection module is used for judging the switching frequency in the data transmission process according to the stored binary signal and selecting the verification mode of the receiving end according to the switching frequency.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The data transmission method based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
The receiving end of the server receives first collected data distributed in the temporary storage space, wherein the first collected data are collected by the collecting equipment, the temporary storage space is electrically connected with the collecting equipment, and the receiving request action of the server runs at a frequency consistent with the distribution action of the temporary storage space;
Establishing a plurality of groups of transmission channels, and determining a communication mode between the transmission channels and the temporary storage space in the first acquired data transmission process;
feeding back the communication mode determined in the first acquired data transmission process to a transmission end in a binary signal mode, and storing all binary signals in the process;
And judging the switching frequency in the data transmission process according to the stored binary signal, and selecting the verification mode of the receiving end according to the switching frequency.
2. The data transmission method based on the internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the data storage mode of the temporary storage space is first in first out, namely, the first acquired data of the temporary storage space is output to the transmission channel, the allocation action of the temporary storage space is consistent with the receiving request action of the server, namely, after the temporary storage space starts to store the data, the server can send the receiving request signal when the temporary storage space has no data or the stored data does not reach the allocation standard, the server can keep silent, and then the temporary storage space stops the allocation action, so that the allocation action of the temporary storage space is consistent with the receiving request action of the server.
3. The data transmission method based on the internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the determining a communication mode of the transmission channel and the temporary storage space in the first acquired data transmission process comprises the following steps:
Randomly grouping first acquired data which is currently required to be transmitted in a temporary storage space by adopting a data grouping model, and generating grouping transmission data;
Determining data characteristics of the packet transmission data, and quantizing the data characteristics to obtain data characteristic quantized values of the packet transmission data;
Carrying out statistical characteristic calculation on the generated data characteristic quantized values to obtain the confidence coefficient of each data;
Randomly placing the first data into one of the transmission channels, setting a fluctuation threshold value, and comparing the first data with the confidence level of the latter data in sequence from the first data;
And carrying out transmission channel allocation on the first acquired data according to the confidence coefficient comparison result.
4. The data transmission method based on the internet of things according to claim 3, wherein: the data grouping model comprises one or more of a K-means clustering model, a hierarchical clustering model, a density clustering model, a mixed model clustering model and the like.
5. The data transmission method based on the internet of things according to claim 3, wherein: and a method for carrying out data characteristic quantization on the packet transmission data adopts a characteristic quantization model.
6. The data transmission method based on the internet of things according to claim 3, wherein: the confidence coefficient calculating method is a variance absolute difference method, namely, the variance value of all data is calculated, the variance value and each data are subjected to absolute difference calculation, and the obtained absolute difference is the confidence coefficient of each data.
7. The data transmission method based on the internet of things according to claim 3, wherein: when the confidence difference value does not exceed the fluctuation threshold value, the next data is distributed to the same channel as the last data; when the confidence difference exceeds the fluctuation threshold, the next data is assigned to a different channel than the previous data.
8. The data transmission method based on the internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the binary signal includes 1 and 0, where 1 indicates that the transmission channel is switched and 0 indicates that the transmission channel is not switched.
9. The data transmission method based on the internet of things according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the switching frequency refers to the proportion of 1 representing the switching generated by the transmission channel in all binary signals in the stored binary signals.
10. A data transmission system based on the internet of things, for implementing the data transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the system comprises:
The data receiving module is used for receiving first collected data distributed in the temporary storage space by a receiving end of the server, wherein the first collected data are collected by the collecting equipment, the temporary storage space is electrically connected with the collecting equipment, and the receiving request action of the server runs at a frequency consistent with the distribution action of the temporary storage space;
The transmission mode selection module is used for establishing a plurality of groups of transmission channels and determining a communication mode between the transmission channels and the temporary storage space in the first acquired data transmission process;
The communication mode feedback module is used for feeding back the communication mode determined in the first acquisition data transmission process to the transmission end in a binary signal mode and storing all binary signals in the process;
And the verification mode selection module is used for judging the switching frequency in the data transmission process according to the stored binary signal and selecting the verification mode of the receiving end according to the switching frequency.
CN202410120705.0A 2024-01-26 2024-01-26 Data transmission system and method based on Internet of things Pending CN117956032A (en)

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CN202410120705.0A CN117956032A (en) 2024-01-26 2024-01-26 Data transmission system and method based on Internet of things

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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