CN117948163A - Supporting frame for preventing tunnel from collapsing - Google Patents
Supporting frame for preventing tunnel from collapsing Download PDFInfo
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- CN117948163A CN117948163A CN202410346315.5A CN202410346315A CN117948163A CN 117948163 A CN117948163 A CN 117948163A CN 202410346315 A CN202410346315 A CN 202410346315A CN 117948163 A CN117948163 A CN 117948163A
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- pressure release
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- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a supporting frame for preventing collapse of a tunnel, and relates to the technical field of building protection. The invention comprises two support bases and a median bottom plate, wherein the two support bases and the median bottom plate are arranged on the ground of a tunnel: the bearing part comprises a plurality of telescopic assemblies used for adapting to the width of the bottom of the tunnel, a plurality of bearing assemblies are arranged between the two supporting bases and the middle position base plate, each bearing assembly comprises two clamping plates fixedly arranged on the two supporting bases, a pouring panel is fixedly arranged on the middle position base plate, and each pouring panel and the corresponding clamping plate are respectively clamped and poured, so that a prefabricated panel is arranged. The advantages are that: according to the invention, the tunnel can be integrally supported by adopting an internal support and integral pouring mode, the support stability is higher, the integral settlement of the tunnel can be effectively avoided by adopting a multistage pressure release and shock absorption measure, the collapse of the tunnel when the local pressure of the tunnel is excessively increased can be avoided by adopting an independent pressure release and support mode, and the integral support effect is stronger.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building protection, in particular to a supporting frame for preventing collapse of a tunnel.
Background
In the construction of urban rail transit, the tunnel is usually required to be excavated, and in the process of excavating the tunnel, a supporting frame is usually adopted to support the tunnel so as to prevent the tunnel from collapsing in the construction process in order to ensure the stability of the tunnel and prevent the tunnel from collapsing;
In the prior art, a plurality of supporting frames are adopted to support a tunnel, for example, chinese patent No. ZL202122348928.7 discloses a highway tunnel construction safety supporting and protecting frame, which comprises symmetrically arranged fixed plates, wherein hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the upper surfaces of the fixed plates, supporting boxes are fixedly connected at the extending ends of the hydraulic cylinders, and a plurality of arc plates for supporting the tops of the tunnels are fixedly connected on the surfaces of the supporting boxes away from the fixed plates;
the above device still has the following disadvantages:
1. when the device supports a building, the width of the whole support cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the width of the tunnel ground, so that the support frame cannot be accurately attached to the building for supporting, and the support frame cannot be integrally connected with the building, and the whole support effect is poor;
2. When the device supports a building, the device cannot weaken and support the whole supporting frame when the supporting frame is subjected to vibration settlement, and when the supporting frame is subjected to larger settlement vibration, the bottom of the supporting frame is pressed through da Yi to be damaged;
3. When the device supports a building, the supporting frame cannot be defensively protected when the supporting frame is subjected to external large instantaneous pressure, so that the supporting frame is easy to generate rigid damage when being pressed greatly, and the device has certain limitation;
it is therefore desirable to design a tunnel collapse resistant support frame to address the above issues.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a tunnel collapse prevention support frame, which solves the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: supporting frame for preventing tunnel collapse:
Including setting up two support bases and median floor on tunnel ground:
The bearing part comprises a plurality of telescopic assemblies used for adapting to the width of the bottom of the tunnel, a plurality of bearing assemblies are arranged between the two supporting bases and the middle position base plate, each bearing assembly comprises two clamping plates fixedly arranged on the two supporting bases, a pouring panel is fixedly arranged on the middle position base plate, and a prefabricated panel is fixedly clamped and poured between each pouring panel and the corresponding clamping plate;
the anti-sedimentation part comprises two installation round grooves formed in two supporting bases, a deflection shaft is rotatably arranged in each installation round groove, and a plurality of sedimentation assemblies for bearing and releasing sedimentation pressure are arranged in each supporting base;
the support part comprises an inner support ring frame fixedly arranged between two support bases, a plurality of outer support rings are fixedly arranged between two deflection shafts, and a plurality of regulating mechanisms for weakening thermal expansion and contraction are arranged between two outer support rings at adjacent positions;
each outer support ring is provided with a plurality of support parts and a plurality of pressure release parts;
The support part comprises a support base fixedly arranged on the inner support ring frame, a support shaft is arranged on the support base in a clamping manner, a positioning mechanism is arranged between the support shaft and the support base, a support seat is fixedly arranged on the support shaft, a pouring groove for pouring concrete is formed in the support seat, and an embedded mechanism is arranged on the support seat;
The pressure release part comprises a pressure release seat which is slidably arranged on the outer support ring, a plurality of pouring circular grooves for pouring concrete are formed in the pressure release seat, and a triggering support mechanism is arranged between the pressure release seat and the inner support ring frame.
Preferably, the telescopic assembly comprises a middle plate fixedly installed in the middle bottom plate, two telescopic plates are slidably installed in the middle bottom plate, a plurality of extrusion spring rods are fixedly installed between the telescopic plates and the middle plate, and pouring mechanisms are installed between the supporting base and the two telescopic plates.
Preferably, the pouring mechanism comprises a stuffing box fixedly arranged on the supporting base, a clamping opening matched with the expansion plate is formed in the stuffing box, a pouring cavity for filling concrete is formed in the expansion plate, and a pouring pipe for pouring concrete is fixedly arranged on the stuffing box;
The width of the prefabricated panel is set according to the distance suitability between the middle-position bottom plate and the stuffing box, and the prefabricated panel is matched with a plurality of pouring panels to form the ground in the tunnel of the support frame.
Preferably, the sedimentation assembly comprises a bearing slide plate which is slidably arranged in a supporting base, a high-strength rubber plate matched with the deflection shaft is fixedly arranged on the bearing slide plate, the high-strength rubber plate is used for bearing primary sedimentation pressure of the deflection shaft, a lower pressing plate is slidably arranged in the supporting base, a plurality of upper damping springs are fixedly arranged between the upper side of the bearing slide plate and the top wall of the supporting base, a plurality of lower damping springs are fixedly arranged between the lower part of the bearing slide plate and the lower pressing plate, and a plurality of lower damping springs and a plurality of upper damping springs are matched for bearing secondary sedimentation pressure of the deflection shaft, and a curing mechanism is arranged in the supporting base.
Preferably, the curing mechanism comprises a plurality of support rods fixedly installed on a lower pressing plate, the lower part of the lower pressing plate is filled with thermosetting resin solution, a plurality of liquid guide pipes used for flowing the thermosetting resin solution are fixedly installed on the lower pressing plate, a control button matched with the lower pressing plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support base, a heating plate matched with the control button is fixedly installed on the lower pressing plate, and the heating plate is used for heating the thermosetting resin solution to enable the thermosetting resin solution to be cured, integrally curing and condensing the inside of the support base and integrally bearing the three-stage sedimentation pressure of the deflection shaft.
Preferably, the regulating mechanism comprises a middle shaft fixedly arranged on the inner support ring frame, and a zooming spring rod is fixedly arranged between the left side and the right side of the support shaft and the corresponding outer support ring, and can stretch and contract to adapt to yield deformation of the outer support ring under the condition of heating or cooling.
Preferably, the positioning mechanism comprises two mounting plates fixedly mounted on the support shaft, threaded holes are formed in the two mounting plates, two threaded grooves are formed in the support base, and expansion bolts are mounted between the corresponding threaded holes and the threaded grooves in a threaded manner.
Preferably, the embedded mechanism comprises two puncture sheet plates fixedly arranged on the support seat, a plurality of fixing drills are fixedly arranged on the support seat, and the puncture sheet plates and the fixing drills are used for penetrating into the top wall of the tunnel to increase the connection integrity between the support seat and the tunnel.
Preferably, the trigger supporting mechanism comprises two limiting arc plates fixedly installed on the outer supporting ring, two impact arc plates matched with the limiting arc plates are fixedly installed on the pressure release seat, two touch mechanisms are installed between the inner supporting ring frame and the pressure release seat, a plurality of hydraulic seats are fixedly installed on the inner supporting ring frame, and supporting discs matched with the pressure release seats are fixedly installed at the driving ends of each hydraulic seat.
Preferably, the touch mechanism comprises a pressure release box fixedly mounted on the inner support ring frame, a yielding steel plate is fixedly mounted in the pressure release box, certain yielding deformation can occur when the yielding steel plate is subjected to large transient load pressure, a plurality of pressure release rods are fixedly mounted between the yielding steel plate and the pressure release seat, a plurality of trigger rods are fixedly mounted at the lower part of the yielding steel plate, a plurality of trigger buttons matched with the corresponding trigger rods are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the pressure release box, and the trigger buttons are started under the triggering of the trigger rods and used for controlling the starting of the corresponding hydraulic seats.
The invention provides a supporting frame for preventing tunnel collapse. The beneficial effects are as follows:
1. When the invention is used for protecting a building, the whole width of the supporting frame can be flexibly adjusted according to the width of the bottom of the tunnel, so that the invention is convenient for adapting to the supporting of various tunnels, and the integral connection and fixation are carried out by adopting a concrete pouring mode after the adjustment, so that the connection stability is higher.
2. When the building is protected, the permanent inner ground of the tunnel can be directly manufactured by adopting the mode of prefabricating the splice joint at the upper part and integrally pouring on the bottom support, so that the building has higher stability, and is convenient for the subsequent construction of the tunnel.
3. When the invention is used for protecting a building, the arrangement of the internal structure of the support base can form a multi-stage sedimentation pressure release shock absorption measure of primary sedimentation pressure bearing, secondary sedimentation pressure bearing and tertiary sedimentation pressure bearing for the whole frame, and the support base can be used for carrying out graded release on the sedimentation pressure received by the support base, so that the overall anti-sedimentation effect is better.
4. When the invention is used for protecting a building, the penetrating sheet plate and the plurality of fixing drills are adopted to penetrate deeply and the concrete is used for integral pouring, so that the connection integrity between the plurality of outer support rings and the top wall of the tunnel can be effectively improved, the support strength of the tunnel can be greatly improved, and the support effect is better.
5. When the invention is used for protecting a building, the pressure born by the top of the tunnel can be released and borne in a targeted manner by adopting a mode of instantaneous bearing of a plurality of groups of pressure release seats, so that collapse of the tunnel when the partial pressure is excessively exerted can be effectively avoided, and the pressure release effect is better.
In summary, the tunnel can be integrally supported by adopting the internal support and integral pouring mode, the supporting stability is higher, the integral settlement of the tunnel can be effectively avoided by adopting the multistage pressure release and shock absorption measures, the collapse can be avoided when the local pressure of the tunnel is excessively increased by adopting the independent pressure release and supporting mode, and the integral supporting effect is stronger.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a supporting frame for preventing collapse of a tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the connection structure between the two bases of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the upper structure of the middle floor of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the carrier of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the upper structure of the support base of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the support base of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the inner support ring frame and the plurality of outer support rings of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the structure of the two outer support rings of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the upper structure of the cradle of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the upper structure of the pressure relief seat of FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the structure between the two pressure release cartridges in FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the pressure relief cartridge of FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is an exploded view of the upper connection structure of the bracket base and the pressure release base of FIG. 8;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the inner structures of the outer support ring and the pressure release seat.
In the figure: 1 supporting base, 2 middle position bottom plate, 3 pouring panel, 4 inner supporting ring frame, 5 outer supporting ring, 6 prefabricated panel, 7 deflection shaft, 8 expansion plate, 9 clamping plate, 10 stuffing box, 11 pouring pipe, 12 extrusion spring bar, 13 middle position plate, 14 installation round groove, 15 bearing slide plate, 16 lower damping spring, 17 upper damping spring, 18 liquid guide pipe, 19 supporting rod, 20 lower pressure plate, 21 control button, 22 pressure release seat, 23 supporting seat, 24 supporting base, 25 supporting shaft, 26 mounting plate, 27 expansion bolt, 28 puncture plate, 29 fixing drill rod, 30 pouring round groove, 31 limit arc plate, 32 impact arc plate, 33 pressure release box, 34 hydraulic seat, 35 supporting disc, 36 pressure release rod, 37 yield steel plate, 38 triggering rod, 39 triggering button, 40 heating plate, 41 middle position shaft and 42 expansion spring bar.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a supporting frame for preventing collapse of a tunnel comprises two supporting bases 1 and a median bottom plate 2 which are arranged on the ground of the tunnel, wherein initial positions of the supporting bases 1 and the median bottom plate 2 are pre-buried at the lower part of the ground of the tunnel, and concrete is adopted for pouring all around, so that the supporting bases 1 and the median bottom plate 2 form a whole, and the overall stability of the supporting frame base is improved:
Referring to fig. 1-4, the bearing part is used for carrying out overall bearing and supporting on the bottom of the supporting frame, so that the stability of overall supporting is improved;
the bearing part comprises a plurality of telescopic components for adapting to the width of the bottom of the tunnel, the telescopic components comprise a middle plate 13 fixedly arranged in the middle bottom plate 2, and two telescopic plates 8 are slidably arranged in the middle bottom plate 2;
A pouring mechanism is arranged between the two support bases 1 and the two expansion plates 8, the pouring mechanism comprises a stuffing box 10 fixedly arranged on the support bases 1, a clamping opening matched with the expansion plates 8 is formed in the stuffing box 10, a pouring cavity for filling concrete is formed in the expansion plates 8, and a pouring pipe 11 for pouring concrete is fixedly arranged on the stuffing box 10;
when the support is carried out, the expansion plate 8 is pulled out from the middle bottom plate 2 according to the width of the bottom of the tunnel and is clamped into the stuffing box 10 in the support base 1, so that the expansion plate can be matched with the bottom of the tunnel with different widths better;
A plurality of extrusion spring rods 12 are fixedly arranged between the two expansion plates 8 and the middle plate 13, the extrusion spring rods 12 are in a compressed state in an initial state, and when the extrusion spring rods are pulled out, the compression state is released and the expansion is reset, so that external thrust can be applied to the expansion plates 8, and the expansion plates 8 are moved outwards more conveniently and more easily;
If the distance at the bottom of the tunnel is shorter, the distance of the expansion plate 8 moving outwards is shorter, the stretching distance of the extrusion spring rod 12 is also relatively shorter, the extrusion spring rod 12 is not converted into a normal state from a compressed state, namely when the tunnel distance is shorter, the expansion plate 8 moves outwards to be clamped with the stuffing box 10, the extrusion spring rod 12 is still in a compressed state, and at the moment, the extrusion spring rod 12 can continuously exert external thrust on the expansion plate 8, so that the clamping with the stuffing box 10 is tighter;
after the telescopic plate 8 is clamped, an external concrete pipe can pass through the pouring pipe 11 and concrete is poured, so that the stuffing box 10 and the telescopic plate 8 are filled with concrete, and after the concrete is solidified, the stuffing box 10, the support base 1, the telescopic plate 8 and the middle base plate 2 form a whole, so that the overall stability of the base is further improved;
The width of the prefabricated panel 6 is adaptively set according to the distance between the middle position bottom plate 2 and the stuffing box 10, and the prefabricated panel 6 is matched with the pouring panels 3 to form the ground in the tunnel of the supporting frame;
A plurality of bearing assemblies are arranged between the two support bases 1 and the middle position base plate 2, each bearing assembly comprises two clamping plates 9 fixedly arranged on the two support bases 1, a pouring panel 3 is fixedly arranged on the middle position base plate 2, and a prefabricated panel 6 is clamped and poured between each pouring panel 3 and the corresponding clamping plate 9;
The pouring panel 3 is matched with the prefabricated panel 6 and is integrally spliced and poured, the permanent inner ground can be directly manufactured at the bottom of the tunnel, the stability is higher, the subsequent disassembly is not needed, and the subsequent construction in the tunnel is facilitated.
1-2 And 5-6, the anti-sedimentation part is used for weakening and counteracting vibration sedimentation suffered by the supporting frame, so that the base is prevented from being damaged due to larger sedimentation pressure;
The anti-sedimentation part comprises two installation round grooves 14 which are formed in the two support bases 1, and a deflection shaft 7 is rotatably installed in each installation round groove 14;
A plurality of sedimentation assemblies for bearing and releasing sedimentation pressure are arranged in each support base 1, each sedimentation assembly comprises a bearing slide plate 15 which is slidably arranged in each support base 1, a high-strength rubber plate matched with the deflection shaft 7 is fixedly arranged on each bearing slide plate 15, and each high-strength rubber plate is used for bearing the primary sedimentation pressure of the corresponding deflection shaft 7;
When the sedimentation pressure at the top of the tunnel is conducted to the deflection shaft 7 through the outer support ring 5, the deflection shaft 7 moves downwards and extrudes the high-strength rubber plate when receiving redundant sedimentation pressure, and the high-strength rubber plate can preliminarily release the sedimentation pressure to weaken the primary sedimentation pressure;
a lower pressing plate 20 is slidably mounted in the supporting base 1, a plurality of upper damping springs 17 are fixedly mounted between the upper side of the bearing slide plate 15 and the top wall of the supporting base 1, a plurality of lower damping springs 16 are fixedly mounted between the lower part of the bearing slide plate 15 and the lower pressing plate 20, and the plurality of lower damping springs 16 and the plurality of upper damping springs 17 are matched for bearing the secondary sedimentation pressure of the deflection shaft 7;
When the redundant sedimentation pressure exceeds the pressure-bearing limit of the high-strength rubber plate greatly, the pressure drives the bearing slide plate 15 to move downwards as a whole, the plurality of lower damping springs 16 at the lower part are extruded downwards when the bearing slide plate 15 moves downwards, the plurality of upper damping springs 17 are stretched downwards at the same time, the sedimentation pressure is released again after the plurality of lower damping springs 16 and the plurality of upper damping springs 17 are matched with each other, and the secondary sedimentation pressure is weakened;
A curing mechanism is arranged in the support base 1 and comprises a plurality of support rods 19 fixedly arranged on a lower pressing plate 20, the lower part of the lower pressing plate 20 is filled with thermosetting resin solution, a plurality of liquid guide pipes 18 for flowing the thermosetting resin solution are fixedly arranged on the lower pressing plate 20, and a control button 21 matched with the lower pressing plate 20 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the support base 1;
When the excessive settlement pressure exceeds the total bearing limit of the plurality of lower damping springs 16 and the plurality of upper damping springs 17, namely the external settlement pressure is excessive, the bearing slide plate 15 contacts the supporting rod 19 and drives the lower pressing plate 20 to move downwards at the moment, and the thermosetting resin solution at the lower part of the lower pressing plate 20 flows back to the upper part of the lower pressing plate 20 through the plurality of liquid guide pipes 18 and is filled;
the heating plate 40 matched with the control button 21 is fixedly arranged on the lower pressing plate 20, when the lower pressing plate 20 moves downwards to be in contact with the control button 21, the heating plate 40 can start to heat the thermosetting resin solution to solidify the thermosetting resin solution, and the inside of the support base 1 can be integrally solidified and condensed to integrally bear the three-stage sedimentation pressure of the deflection shaft 7.
Referring to fig. 7 to 8, the support part comprises an inner support ring frame 4 fixedly installed between two support bases 1, a plurality of outer support rings 5 are fixedly installed between two deflection shafts 7, and a plurality of regulating mechanisms for weakening thermal expansion and contraction are installed between two outer support rings 5 at adjacent positions;
the deflection shaft 7 is used for adapting and supporting the width adjustment of the base 1, so that the outer support ring 5 and the inner support ring frame 4 can support the tunnel more integrally and stably;
The plurality of outer support rings 5 are integrally matched with the inner support ring frame 4 and used for integrally supporting the top of the tunnel, so that the top of the tunnel is better supported;
The regulating mechanism comprises a middle shaft 41 fixedly arranged on the inner support ring frame 4, a telescopic spring rod 42 is fixedly arranged between the left side and the right side of the support shaft 41 and the corresponding outer support ring 5, and the telescopic spring rod 42 can extend and retract to adapt to yield deformation of the outer support ring 5 under the condition of heating or cooling;
When the outer support ring 5 is subjected to cold and hot changes of the external environment, a certain degree of shrinkage or stretching can occur, so that the expansion spring rod 42 can be stretched or extruded, and the outer support ring 5 cannot yield and break under the conditions of thermal expansion and cold contraction;
Referring to fig. 7-13, each outer support ring 5 is provided with a plurality of support parts and a plurality of pressure release parts, and the support parts are used for integrally connecting the support frame with the tunnel, so that the support stability of the tunnel is improved;
The pressure release part is used for carrying out targeted pressure release on the instantaneous pressure received by the tunnel and triggering and supporting the pressed part so as to prevent the tunnel from collapsing due to the larger instantaneous pressure;
referring to fig. 7-9 and 13, the supporting part comprises a supporting base 24 fixedly installed on the inner supporting ring frame 4, a supporting shaft 25 is installed on the supporting base 24 in a clamping manner, a positioning mechanism is installed between the supporting shaft 25 and the supporting base 24, a supporting seat 23 is fixedly installed on the supporting shaft 25, and an embedded mechanism is installed on the supporting seat 23;
the positioning mechanism comprises two mounting plates 26 fixedly mounted on a supporting shaft 25, threaded holes are formed in the two mounting plates 26, two thread grooves are formed in the supporting base 24, and expansion bolts 27 are mounted between the corresponding threaded holes and the thread grooves in a threaded manner;
The expansion bolts 27 pass through the threaded holes on the mounting plate 26 and are screwed into the threaded grooves in the supporting base 24, so that the supporting shaft 25 and the supporting base 24 are integrally connected, and the connection stability among the outer supporting ring 4, the supporting base 23 and the inner supporting ring frame 4 is further improved;
The embedded mechanism comprises two puncture sheet plates 28 fixedly mounted on the supporting seat 23, a plurality of fixing drills 29 are fixedly mounted on the supporting seat 23, and the puncture sheet plates 28 and the fixing drills 29 are used for penetrating into the top wall of the tunnel to increase the connection integrity between the supporting seat 23 and the tunnel.
The puncture sheet plate 28 and the fixing rods 29 are embedded into the top of the tunnel, so that the connection integrity between the outer support rings 4 and the top wall of the tunnel can be effectively improved, the support strength of the tunnel can be greatly improved, and the support effect is better;
The support seat 23 is provided with a pouring groove for pouring concrete, after the support seat 23 is inserted into the top of the tunnel, the pouring of the concrete can be carried out in the pouring groove, the support seat 23 and the top of the tunnel are integrally poured and connected, the stability is further improved, and the integral support effect is improved;
Referring to fig. 8 and 10-14, the pressure release part comprises a pressure release seat 22 slidably mounted on the outer support ring 5, a plurality of pouring round grooves 30 for pouring concrete are formed in the pressure release seat 22, after the pressure release seat 22 is attached to the top of the tunnel, pouring concrete into the pouring round grooves 30, and integrally pouring and connecting the pressure release seat 22 with the top of the tunnel, so that the pressure release seat 22 can better weaken and release the instantaneous pressure of the top of the tunnel;
A trigger supporting mechanism is arranged between the pressure release seat 22 and the inner supporting ring frame 4 and comprises two limiting arc plates 31 fixedly arranged on the outer supporting ring 5, and two impact arc plates 32 matched with the limiting arc plates 31 are fixedly arranged on the pressure release seat 22;
When the pressure release seat 22 receives instantaneous pressure, the pressure release seat moves inwards in the outer support ring 5 and drives the impact arc plate 32 to move inwards, so that a certain reaction time can be provided for the instantaneous pressure, and friction between the pressure release seat 22 and the outer support ring 5 is utilized to weaken and offset to a certain extent, so that the outer support ring 5 is prevented from being damaged by the instantaneous pressure directly;
the limiting arc plate 31 is used for limiting and supporting the pressure release seat 22, so that the pressure release seat 22 is prevented from being excessively pressed to impact and damage the inner supporting ring frame 4;
Two touch mechanisms are arranged between the inner support ring frame 4 and the pressure release seat 22, each touch mechanism comprises a pressure release box 33 fixedly arranged on the inner support ring frame 4, a yielding steel plate 37 is fixedly arranged in the pressure release box 33, and certain yielding deformation can occur to the yielding steel plate 37 when the yielding steel plate is subjected to larger transient load pressure;
A plurality of pressure release rods 36 are fixedly arranged between the yielding steel plate 37 and the pressure release seat 22, when the pressure release seat 22 receives instantaneous pressure, the corresponding pressure release rods 36 are driven to move downwards and squeeze the yielding steel plate 37, and when the yielding steel plate 37 is pressed, yielding deformation of the downward movement occurs at the corresponding position;
The lower part of the yielding steel plate 37 is fixedly provided with a plurality of trigger rods 38, and the bottom of the pressure release box 33 is fixedly provided with a plurality of trigger buttons 39 matched with the corresponding trigger rods 38;
When the yielding steel plate 37 moves downwards, the corresponding trigger rod 38 is driven to move downwards, so that the extrusion trigger button 39 moves downwards to trigger and start;
the inner support ring frame 4 is fixedly provided with a plurality of hydraulic seats 34, the driving end of each hydraulic seat 34 is fixedly provided with a support disc 35 matched with the pressure release seat 22, and a trigger button 39 is started under the triggering of a trigger rod 38 and is used for controlling the corresponding hydraulic seat 34 to be started;
When the trigger button 39 is triggered, the corresponding hydraulic seat 34 is controlled to be started, so that the supporting disc 35 is pushed to move upwards to support the pressure release seat 22, and the pressure release seat 22 can be stably supported by instantaneous pressure, so that the pressure release seat 22 is prevented from being damaged due to overlarge pressure.
The specific installation steps of the invention are as follows:
When the support frame is installed, both the support base 1 and the middle position bottom plate 2 are pre-buried at the lower part of the tunnel ground, and concrete is adopted for casting all around, so that the support base 1 and the middle position bottom plate 2 form a whole;
Pulling out the expansion plate 8 from the middle bottom plate 2 according to the width of the bottom of the tunnel, clamping the expansion plate 8 into the stuffing box 10 in the supporting base 1, enabling an external concrete pipe to pass through the pouring pipe 11 and pouring concrete, enabling the stuffing box 10 and the expansion plate 8 to be filled with concrete, and forming a whole among the stuffing box 10, the supporting base 1, the expansion plate 8 and the middle bottom plate 2 after the concrete is solidified;
Then, selecting a prefabricated panel 6 with a proper width according to the distance between the middle-position bottom plate 2 and the stuffing box 10, and pouring and clamping the prefabricated panel 6 integrally between the clamping plates 9 and the pouring panels 3, wherein a plurality of pouring panels 3 are matched with the prefabricated panel 6, so that a permanent inner ground can be directly manufactured at the bottom of the tunnel;
The deflection angle of the deflection shaft 7 is adjusted according to the suitability of the width and the top radian of the tunnel, so that the outer support ring 5 and the inner support ring frame 4 can support the tunnel more integrally and stably, the connection integrity between the outer support rings 4 and the top wall of the tunnel is improved by penetrating the insides of the puncture sheet plates 28 and the fixing drills 29 into the top of the tunnel, and after the support seat 23 is inserted into the top of the tunnel, concrete pouring can be performed in a pouring groove, and the support seat 23 and the top of the tunnel are connected integrally;
And then the pressure release seats 22 on the outer support ring 4 are attached to the top of the tunnel, concrete is poured into the pouring circular groove 30, and the pressure release seats 22 are integrally poured and connected with the top of the tunnel, so that the integral support of the support frame to the top of the tunnel is completed.
The concrete pressure release mode of the support frame is as follows:
Sedimentation pressure release:
When the sedimentation pressure at the top of the tunnel is conducted to the deflection shaft 7 through the outer support ring 5, the deflection shaft 7 moves downwards and extrudes the high-strength rubber plate when receiving redundant sedimentation pressure, and the high-strength rubber plate can preliminarily release the sedimentation pressure to weaken the primary sedimentation pressure;
When the redundant sedimentation pressure exceeds the pressure-bearing limit of the high-strength rubber plate greatly, the pressure drives the bearing slide plate 15 to move downwards integrally, the bearing slide plate 15 presses the lower damping springs 16 and stretches the upper damping springs 17 when moving downwards, the sedimentation pressure can be released again after the plurality of lower damping springs 16 and the plurality of upper damping springs 17 are matched with each other, and the secondary sedimentation pressure is weakened;
When the excessive sedimentation pressure exceeds the bearing limit of the plurality of lower damping springs 16 and the plurality of upper damping springs 17, namely the external sedimentation pressure is excessive, the bearing slide plate 15 contacts the supporting rod 19 and drives the lower pressing plate 20 to move downwards at the moment, and the thermosetting resin solution at the lower part of the lower pressing plate 20 flows back to the upper part of the lower pressing plate 20 through the plurality of liquid guide pipes 18 and is filled;
When the lower pressing plate 20 moves downwards to be in contact with the control button 21, the heating plate 40 can start to heat the thermosetting resin solution to solidify the thermosetting resin solution, so that the inside of the supporting base 1 can be solidified and condensed integrally to bear the three-stage sedimentation pressure of the deflection shaft 7 integrally.
Instantaneous contact pressure relief:
The instantaneous pressure on the top of the tunnel is conducted into the corresponding pressure release seat 22 in a targeted manner, when the pressure release seat 22 receives the instantaneous pressure, the instantaneous pressure moves in the outer support ring 5 and drives the impact arc plate 32 to move inwards, so that the instantaneous pressure can be reacted to a certain extent, and the friction between the pressure release seat 22 and the outer support ring 5 is utilized to weaken and offset to a certain extent, so that the outer support ring 5 is prevented from being damaged by the instantaneous pressure directly;
When the pressure release seat 22 receives instantaneous pressure, the corresponding pressure release rod 36 is driven to move downwards and extrude the yielding steel plate 37, yield deformation of the corresponding position of the yielding steel plate 37 is generated when the yielding steel plate 37 is pressed, and the corresponding trigger rod 38 is driven to move downwards when the yielding steel plate 37 moves downwards, so that the trigger button 39 is extruded downwards;
When the trigger button 39 is triggered, the corresponding hydraulic seat 34 is controlled to be started, so that the supporting disc 35 is pushed to move upwards to support the pressure release seat 22, and the pressure release seat can be stably supported by instantaneous pressure, so that the pressure release seat is prevented from being damaged due to overlarge pressure.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a supporting frame that tunnel prevented collapsing which characterized in that:
Comprises two supporting bases (1) and a median bottom plate (2) which are arranged on the ground of a tunnel:
The bearing part comprises a plurality of telescopic assemblies used for adapting to the width of the bottom of the tunnel, a plurality of bearing assemblies are arranged between the two supporting bases (1) and the middle-position base plate (2), each bearing assembly comprises two clamping plates (9) fixedly arranged on the two supporting bases (1), a pouring panel (3) is fixedly arranged on the middle-position base plate (2), and a prefabricated panel (6) is fixedly clamped and poured between each pouring panel (3) and the corresponding clamping plate (9);
The anti-sedimentation part comprises two installation round grooves (14) which are formed in two supporting bases (1), a deflection shaft (7) is rotatably arranged in each installation round groove (14), and a plurality of sedimentation assemblies for bearing and releasing sedimentation pressure are arranged in each supporting base (1);
The support part comprises an inner support ring frame (4) fixedly arranged between two support bases (1), a plurality of outer support rings (5) are fixedly arranged between two deflection shafts (7), and a plurality of regulating mechanisms for weakening expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold are arranged between the two outer support rings (5) at adjacent positions;
A plurality of supporting parts and a plurality of pressure release parts are arranged on each outer supporting ring (5);
The support part comprises a support base (24) fixedly arranged on the inner support ring frame (4), a support shaft (25) is arranged on the support base (24) in a clamping manner, a positioning mechanism is arranged between the support shaft (25) and the support base (24), a support seat (23) is fixedly arranged on the support shaft (25), a pouring groove for pouring concrete is formed in the support seat (23), and an embedded mechanism is arranged on the support seat (23);
the pressure release part comprises a pressure release seat (22) which is slidably arranged on the outer support ring (5), a plurality of pouring round grooves (30) for pouring concrete are formed in the pressure release seat (22), and a triggering support mechanism is arranged between the pressure release seat (22) and the inner support ring frame (4).
2. A tunnel collapse prevention support frame according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic assembly comprises a middle plate (13) fixedly mounted in a middle bottom plate (2), two telescopic plates (8) are slidably mounted in the middle bottom plate (2), a plurality of extrusion spring rods (12) are fixedly mounted between the two telescopic plates (8) and the middle plate (13), and pouring mechanisms are mounted between the two support bases (1) and the two telescopic plates (8).
3. The tunnel collapse prevention support frame according to claim 2, wherein the pouring mechanism comprises a stuffing box (10) fixedly installed on a support base (1), a clamping opening matched with a telescopic plate (8) is formed in the stuffing box (10), a pouring cavity for filling concrete is formed in the telescopic plate (8), and a pouring pipe (11) for pouring concrete is fixedly installed on the stuffing box (10);
The width of the prefabricated panel (6) is set according to the distance adaptability between the middle-position bottom plate (2) and the stuffing box (10), and the prefabricated panel (6) is matched with a plurality of pouring panels (3) to form the ground in the tunnel of the support frame.
4. The tunnel collapse prevention support frame according to claim 1, wherein the settlement assembly comprises a bearing slide plate (15) slidably mounted in a support base (1), a high-strength rubber plate matched with the deflection shaft (7) is fixedly mounted on the bearing slide plate (15), the high-strength rubber plate is used for bearing primary settlement pressure of the deflection shaft (7), a lower pressing plate (20) is slidably mounted in the support base (1), a plurality of upper damping springs (17) are fixedly mounted between the upper side of the bearing slide plate (15) and the top wall of the support base (1), a plurality of lower damping springs (16) are fixedly mounted between the lower part of the bearing slide plate (15) and the lower pressing plate (20), a plurality of lower damping springs (16) and a plurality of upper damping springs (17) are matched for bearing secondary settlement pressure of the deflection shaft (7), and a curing mechanism is mounted in the support base (1).
5. The tunnel collapse prevention support frame according to claim 4, wherein the curing mechanism comprises a plurality of support rods (19) fixedly installed on a lower pressing plate (20), thermosetting resin solution is filled in the lower portion of the lower pressing plate (20) in the support base (1), a plurality of liquid guide pipes (18) for flowing the thermosetting resin solution are fixedly installed on the lower pressing plate (20), a control button (21) matched with the lower pressing plate (20) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the support base (1), a heating plate (40) matched with the control button (21) is fixedly installed on the lower pressing plate (20), and the heating plate (40) is used for heating and curing the thermosetting resin solution and integrally curing and condensing the inside of the support base (1) for integrally bearing the three-stage sedimentation pressure of the deflection shaft (7).
6. A tunnel collapse prevention support frame according to claim 1, wherein the regulating mechanism comprises a middle shaft (41) fixedly mounted on the inner support ring frame (4), and a telescopic spring rod (42) is fixedly mounted between the left side and the right side of the support shaft (41) and the corresponding outer support ring (5), and the telescopic spring rod (42) can be extended and contracted to adapt to the yielding deformation of the outer support ring (5) under the condition of heating or cooling.
7. The tunnel collapse prevention support frame according to claim 1, wherein the positioning mechanism comprises two mounting plates (26) fixedly mounted on the support shaft (25), threaded holes are formed in the two mounting plates (26), two thread grooves are formed in the support base (24), and expansion bolts (27) are mounted between the corresponding threaded holes and the thread grooves in a threaded manner.
8. The tunnel collapse prevention support frame according to claim 1, wherein the embedded mechanism comprises two puncture sheet plates (28) fixedly mounted on the support base (23), a plurality of fixing drills (29) are fixedly mounted on the support base (23), and the puncture sheet plates (28) and the fixing drills (29) are used for penetrating into the tunnel top wall to increase the connection integrity between the support base (23) and the tunnel.
9. The tunnel collapse prevention support frame according to claim 1, wherein the trigger support mechanism comprises two limiting arc plates (31) fixedly mounted on the outer support ring (5), two impact arc plates (32) matched with the limiting arc plates (31) are fixedly mounted on the pressure release seat (22), two touch mechanisms are mounted between the inner support ring frame (4) and the pressure release seat (22), a plurality of hydraulic seats (34) are fixedly mounted on the inner support ring frame (4), and a support disc (35) matched with the pressure release seat (22) is fixedly mounted on the driving end of each hydraulic seat (34).
10. A tunnel collapse prevention support frame according to claim 9, wherein the touch mechanism comprises a pressure release box (33) fixedly mounted on the inner support ring frame (4), a yielding steel plate (37) is fixedly mounted in the pressure release box (33), a plurality of pressure release rods (36) are fixedly mounted between the yielding steel plate (37) and the pressure release seat (22) when the yielding steel plate (37) is subjected to a large transient load pressure, a plurality of trigger buttons (39) matched with the corresponding trigger rods (38) are fixedly mounted at the lower part of the yielding steel plate (37), and the trigger buttons (39) are started under the triggering of the trigger rods (38) and used for controlling the starting of the corresponding hydraulic seats (34).
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| CN202410346315.5A CN117948163B (en) | 2024-03-26 | 2024-03-26 | Supporting frame for preventing tunnel from collapsing |
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| CN202410346315.5A CN117948163B (en) | 2024-03-26 | 2024-03-26 | Supporting frame for preventing tunnel from collapsing |
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