CN117929930A - Method for improving fault positioning accuracy of medium-voltage distribution network overhead line based on traveling wave method - Google Patents
Method for improving fault positioning accuracy of medium-voltage distribution network overhead line based on traveling wave method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fault positioning precision improving method of a medium-voltage distribution network overhead line based on a traveling wave method, which comprises the steps of selecting a sample line; measuring the length parameter of the selected sample line; selecting a sample line serial traveling wave as a sample traveling wave, and performing spectrum analysis to obtain a main frequency; calculating the wave velocity of the down-going wave of the sample frequency; repeating the steps to obtain wave speed correction basic data; correcting a 'frequency-wave speed' graph; judging whether traveling waves are connected in series outside the section, if so, the line is an existing reference signal line, and if not, the line is a reference signal-free line; and respectively correcting the full-length parameters of the lines according to the classified different types of lines. The beneficial effects are as follows: fully considers the influence of line basic length information and the wave speed of traveling wave transmission in a wire on positioning precision by L and L in a traveling wave double-end positioning methodAnd correcting to improve the accuracy of traveling wave double-end positioning, accurately positioning the fault point position of the medium-voltage distribution network line, and reducing the line inspection time of the fault after the line fault.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fault positioning of medium-voltage distribution network overhead lines, in particular to a method for improving fault positioning accuracy of a medium-voltage distribution network overhead line based on a traveling wave method.
Background
The medium-voltage distribution network mainly comprises two large-voltage-class lines of 10kV and 6kV, is directly connected with users, is an important guarantee that the users obtain safe, reliable and continuous power supply, and is important for meeting the continuously-growing power demand due to the fact that the power demand is growing increasingly along with the development of economy. The medium-voltage distribution line plays an important role in the power supply system in industrial and mining enterprises, can transmit larger power, meets the operation requirements of various equipment in the industrial and mining enterprises, and can transmit power at a longer distance, so that the coverage range of the power supply system is wider, and continuous and stable production of the industrial and mining enterprises is fully ensured.
However, because the voltage of the medium voltage distribution network power line is higher, the erection environment is complex, the insulation requirement of the line is higher, the difficulty and cost of line construction and maintenance are increased to a certain extent, meanwhile, because of the equipment diversity and the complexity of the production environment of industrial and mining enterprises, the medium voltage distribution network line also faces some challenges in operation, such as equipment overload, short circuit, grounding and other faults, after the faults, how to quickly troubleshoot the fault point, shorten the power failure time, fully guarantee the production requirement, and the medium voltage distribution network line is one of the directions of key attack of line operation and maintenance teams.
The traveling wave method has the advantage of being not influenced by factors such as a grounding mode, a line structure and the like, is widely applied to the field of power line fault positioning, and forms a corresponding national standard GB/T35721-2017 power transmission line distributed fault diagnosis system.
By combining with analysis of the traveling wave double-end positioning principle, the existing traveling wave double-end positioning method is used for double-end positioning on the premise that the default line basic information and the wave speed information are accurate, namely, a double-end positioning formula:
default to known fixed parameters, guarantee only/> Accuracy of measurement, realization of distance/>, between fault point and monitoring terminalIn actual engineering, the measurement accuracy errors of tens of meters are difficult to achieve, particularly in medium-voltage distribution network lines, the accuracy of basic information such as the total length of the lines is extremely low, even the basic information is not few due to the fact that more lines are long in time, complex in structure, late in transformation and the like.
In summary, the technical problems to be solved are as follows:
1) The line basic information precision is insufficient or the line basic information is lack to the negative effect that the positioning precision brings, join in marriage network line structure complicacy, the circuit coverage area is wide, and the circuit is often because of actual power consumption demand or protection demand reforms, leads to the information change of circuit length great, in the actual engineering, partial circuit is because of the long time of age, the operation and maintenance is difficult etc. factors, can't provide basic information such as circuit length, brings very big challenges for the double-end travelling wave positioning method;
2) The wave speed is variable quantity, is greatly influenced by line parameters, and accurately determines the traveling wave transmission speed is one of the problems to be solved by the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving fault positioning accuracy of a medium-voltage distribution network overhead line based on a traveling wave method, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for improving fault positioning accuracy of a medium-voltage distribution network overhead line based on a traveling wave method comprises the following steps:
step1: selecting a medium-voltage network overhead line with easily-measured line length parameters as a sample line;
Step2: measuring the length parameter of the selected sample line, and recording as ；
Step3: selecting a fault traveling wave current signal which is serially connected outside a sample line monitoring section as basic sample data for next analysis, and performing FFT (fast Fourier transform) spectrum analysis on the traveling wave current waveform to obtain the traveling wave current "Curve, selecting the frequency with highest amplitude as the main frequency/>, of the sample travelling wave signal；
Step4: according to the length of the sample lineMeasuring dominant frequency/>Time difference/>, of arrival of sample traveling wave at both side monitoring terminalsCalculate the dominant frequency/>The actual wave speed on overhead line is/>；
Step5: repeating Step 3-Step 4, selecting multiple times of different fault traveling wave current signals to obtain multiple main frequenciesCorresponding actual wave speed/>, of overhead line；
Step6: by using the theoretical travelling wave velocity curve of overhead linesBased on a plurality of main frequencies/>, in Step5Corresponding actual wave speed/>, of overhead lineCorrecting the traveling wave velocity curve to obtain a corrected curve/>, wherein the corrected curve is taken as a basic correction parameter；
Step7: dividing the line into two types according to the historical faults of the line, if the line has the serial traveling wave generated by the operation in the station, the line is an existing reference signal line, and if the line does not have the serial traveling wave generated by the operation in the station, the line is a reference signal-free line;
step8: and respectively correcting the full-length parameters of the lines according to the different types of lines classified by Step 7.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Further, in Step1, a medium voltage network overhead line with easily measured line length parameters is selected as a sample line according to the number of line towers.
Still further, the total number of sample line towers selected in Step1≤30。
Further, laser ranging or RTK ranging is used to measure the selected sample line length parameters in Step 2.
Further, step5 calculates the wave velocity set of each frequency as a function of the sample line；
Taking two adjacent points in the wave velocity set N of each frequency calculated by the dependence of the sample line；
According to the theoretical transmission speed curveObtaining the theoretical traveling wave velocity point under the same frequency, and recording as；
Calculated byTwo-point linear equation slope/>；
To be used forThe point with lower middle frequency is the reference point,/>Is a slope,/>Constructing an equation;
According to Two-point construction of two-point perpendicular bisector equation/>Equation/>The method comprises the following steps:
Calculation equation And equation/>Coincident point/>The corrected frequency-wave speed point is obtained;
repeating the above steps to obtain multiple corrected frequency-wave speed points to form corrected frequency-wave speed curve 。
Further, in Step7, if the line has a traveling serial wave generated by an in-station operation, the line is an existing reference signal line, and if the line does not have a traveling serial wave generated by an in-station operation, the line is a no reference signal line, and the in-station operation includes but is not limited to: reclosing and switching.
Further, in Step8, if the line has a scene of a traveling wave in which the operation in the station is performed, the correction method is as follows:
Obtaining a traveling wave signal spectrogram through FFT spectrum analysis, and selecting the frequency with the largest spectrogram amplitude as a main frequency ；
According to the modified frequency-wave velocity curveAcquiring an actual wave velocity corresponding to the traveling wave signal；
According to the time difference of the serial traveling wave acquired by the monitoring terminalCalculating a line length parameter:，/> namely, the corrected line total length/> 。
Further, in Step8, if the line does not have a scene of the traveling wave in the station operation, the correction method is as follows:
selecting a traveling wave signal without a fault in an interval of the reference signal line for the first time;
Obtaining a traveling wave signal spectrogram through FFT spectrum analysis, and selecting the frequency with the largest spectrogram amplitude as a main frequency ；
According to the modified frequency-wave velocity curveAcquiring an actual wave velocity corresponding to the traveling wave signal；
With existing inaccurate full-length information of the lineBased on the method, the position/>, away from the monitoring terminal, of the fault point is calculated by combining a double-end positioning algorithm；
On-site line inspection, determining the actual position of a fault point, wherein the actual distance between the fault point and a monitoring terminal is as follows；
According to the line inspection result, combining the full-length information of the inaccurate line, and obtaining the actual length information of the line in an equal ratio relation:
In the middle of The traveling wave head time acquired by the monitoring terminals at two sides is respectively;
namely, the corrected line total length/> 。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: compared with the existing travelling wave double-end positioning means, the invention fully considers the influence of the line basic length information and the travelling wave speed transmitted in the wire on the positioning precision by L and L in the travelling wave double-end positioning methodAnd correcting to improve the accuracy of traveling wave double-end positioning, accurately positioning the fault point position of the medium-voltage distribution network line, and reducing the line inspection time of the fault after the line fault.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of double-ended traveling wave positioning;
FIG. 2 is an uncorrected prior art overhead line traveling wave velocity A figure;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for improving fault location accuracy of a medium-voltage distribution network overhead line based on a traveling wave method;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a curve fitting method.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
For the purpose of clearly explaining the technical scheme, a brief explanation is made on a double-end traveling wave positioning technology, the traveling wave double-end positioning technology depends on traveling wave current signals acquired by a line distributed fault monitoring terminal, the monitoring terminal is arranged on a line body at intervals, the traveling wave signals with time scales are acquired, the traveling wave signals are uploaded to a server, and the server realizes accurate positioning of fault points according to traveling wave head time.
Referring to fig. 1, a double-end traveling wave positioning schematic diagram is shown, in which it is assumed that the total length of a line between a monitoring terminal a and a monitoring terminal B is L, and the point S is locatedThe time of failure happens, and the time of the wave head of the A monitoring terminal is/>B monitoring terminal wave head time is/>The distance from the monitoring terminal a to the fault point S is:
In the above formula: Is the wave velocity of the traveling wave.
As shown in fig. 3, the fault positioning precision improving method for the medium-voltage network overhead line based on the traveling wave method is to sum L in the above method by a certain methodCorrection is performed to improve the accuracy of the traveling wave double-end positioning, and the method is described in detail below:
Step1: because the monitoring terminal is used by a large area and a plurality of lines, the medium-voltage distribution network overhead line with easily-measured line length parameters is selected as a sample line according to the number of the line towers, and the total number of the selected sample line towers is recommended ≤30；
Step2: measuring the length parameter of the selected sample line, and recording as；
Step3: selecting a fault traveling wave current signal which is serially connected outside a sample line monitoring section as basic sample data for next analysis, and performing FFT (fast Fourier transform) spectrum analysis on the traveling wave current waveform to obtain the traveling wave current ""Curve (i.e. the proportion of all frequency signals constituting the travelling wave current), then selecting the frequency with highest amplitude as the main frequency/>, of the sample travelling wave signal；
Step4: according to the length of the sample lineMeasuring dominant frequency/>Time difference/>, of arrival of sample traveling wave at both side monitoring terminalsCalculate the dominant frequency/>The actual wave speed on overhead line is/>；
Step5: repeating Step 3-Step 4, selecting multiple times of different fault traveling wave current signals to obtain multiple main frequenciesCorresponding actual wave speed/>, of overhead line；
Step6: by using the theoretical travelling wave velocity curve of overhead linesBased on this, as shown in FIG. 2, the main frequencies/>, in Step5, are then usedCorresponding actual wave speed/>, of overhead lineCorrecting the traveling wave velocity curve to obtain a corrected curve/>, wherein the corrected curve is taken as a basic correction parameter；
Step7: dividing the line into two types according to the historical faults of the line, if the line has the serial traveling wave generated by the operation in the station, the line is an existing reference signal line, and if the line does not have the serial traveling wave generated by the operation in the station, the line is a reference signal-free line;
step8: and respectively correcting the full-length parameters of the lines according to the different types of lines classified by Step 7.
The operation steps "Step1-Step6" aim to correct the actual transmission curve of the traveling waves with different frequencies on the overhead line by increasing the traveling wave transmission speedIn the way, the positioning precision is improved; the operation steps Step7-Step8 aim at correcting the imprecise length parameters of the line or the length information of the line with unknown length through the corrected traveling wave velocity, and improving the positioning accuracy through improving the accuracy of the whole length L of the line.
Further: laser ranging or RTK ranging is used in Step2 to measure the selected sample line length parameters.
As a further explanation of the above technical solution, it is aimed at correcting the theoretical traveling wave transmission speed in combination with the actual measured speed, the theoretical transmission speed profileStep5 calculates the wave velocity set of each frequency as the wave velocity set according to the sample line；
For convenience of explanation and understanding, two adjacent points in the wave velocity set N of each frequency calculated by relying on the sample line are takenAs an example;
1) According to the theoretical transmission speed curve Obtaining the theoretical traveling wave velocity point under the same frequency, and recording as；
2) Calculated byTwo-point linear equation slope/>；
3) To be used forThe point of lower medium frequency is the reference point (here, assume/>Then byFor reference),/>Is a slope,/>Constructing an equation;
4) According to Two-point construction of two-point perpendicular bisector equation/>Equation/>The method comprises the following steps:
5) Calculation equation And equation/>Coincident point/>The corrected frequency-wave speed point is obtained;
6) Repeating the above steps to obtain multiple corrected frequency-wave speed points to form corrected frequency-wave speed curve As shown in fig. 4.
As a further optimization of the above technical solution, step7, if the line has a traveling-in wave generated by an in-station operation, the line is an existing reference signal line, and if the line does not have a traveling-in wave generated by an in-station operation, the line is a no-reference signal line, and the in-station operation includes but is not limited to: reclosing and switching.
According to different line types, the processing is respectively carried out to realize the correction or measurement of the full length L parameter of the line, the line is divided into an existing reference signal line and a reference signal-free line according to the description in the Step7, and the two types of lines are respectively processed:
① Existing reference signal line
For the scene of the traveling wave in the station operation such as reclosing and switching of the line, the correction method is as follows:
1) Obtaining a traveling wave signal spectrogram through FFT spectrum analysis, and selecting the frequency with the largest spectrogram amplitude as a main frequency ；
2) According to the modified frequency-wave velocity curveAcquiring an actual wave velocity corresponding to the traveling wave signal；
3) According to the time difference of the serial traveling wave acquired by the monitoring terminalCalculating a line length parameter: namely, the corrected line total length/> 。
② No reference signal line
For the scene that the line does not have the traveling wave in the series generated by the station operation such as reclosing and switching, the correction method is as follows:
1) Selecting a traveling wave signal of a fault in a primary occurrence interval of a reference signal-free line (namely, a line between two monitoring terminals);
2) Obtaining a traveling wave signal spectrogram through FFT spectrum analysis, and selecting the frequency with the largest spectrogram amplitude as a main frequency ；
3) According to the modified frequency-wave velocity curveAcquiring an actual wave velocity/>, corresponding to the traveling wave signal；
4) With existing inaccurate full-length information of the lineBased on the method, the position/>, away from the monitoring terminal, of the fault point is calculated by combining a double-end positioning algorithm；
5) On-site line inspection, determining the actual position of a fault point, wherein the actual distance between the fault point and a monitoring terminal is as follows；
6) According to the line inspection result, combining the full-length information of the inaccurate line, and obtaining the actual length information of the line in an equal ratio relation:
In the middle of The traveling wave head time acquired by the monitoring terminals at two sides is respectively;
namely, the corrected line total length/> 。
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The method for improving the fault positioning accuracy of the medium-voltage distribution network overhead line based on the traveling wave method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step1: selecting a medium-voltage network overhead line with easily-measured line length parameters as a sample line;
Step2: measuring the length parameter of the selected sample line, and recording as ；
Step3: selecting a fault traveling wave current signal which is serially connected outside a sample line monitoring section as basic sample data for next analysis, and performing FFT (fast Fourier transform) spectrum analysis on the traveling wave current waveform to obtain the traveling wave current "Curve, selecting the frequency with highest amplitude as the main frequency/>, of the sample travelling wave signal；
Step4: according to the length of the sample lineMeasuring dominant frequency/>Time difference/>, of arrival of sample traveling wave at both side monitoring terminalsCalculate the dominant frequency/>The actual wave speed on overhead line is/>；
Step5: repeating Step 3-Step 4, selecting multiple times of different fault traveling wave current signals to obtain multiple main frequenciesCorresponding actual wave speed/>, of overhead line；
Step6: by using the theoretical travelling wave velocity curve of overhead linesBased on a plurality of main frequencies in Step5Corresponding actual wave speed/>, of overhead lineCorrecting the traveling wave velocity curve to obtain a corrected curve/>, wherein the corrected curve is taken as a basic correction parameter；
Step7: dividing the line into two types according to the historical faults of the line, if the line has the serial traveling wave generated by the operation in the station, the line is an existing reference signal line, and if the line does not have the serial traveling wave generated by the operation in the station, the line is a reference signal-free line;
step8: and respectively correcting the full-length parameters of the lines according to the different types of lines classified by Step 7.
2. The method for improving fault positioning accuracy of the medium-voltage distribution network overhead lines based on the traveling wave method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the medium-voltage distribution network overhead lines with easily measured line length parameters are selected as sample lines according to the number of line towers in Step 1.
3. The method for improving fault location precision of medium-voltage distribution network overhead line based on traveling wave method according to claim 2, wherein the total number of sample line towers selected in Step1 is as follows≤30。
4. The method for improving fault location precision of the medium-voltage network overhead line based on the traveling wave method according to claim 1, wherein the laser ranging or the RTK ranging is adopted in Step2 to measure the length parameter of the selected sample line.
5. The method for improving fault location precision of medium-voltage network overhead line based on traveling wave method as claimed in claim 1, wherein Step5 calculates wave velocity set of each frequency as a result of the sample line；
Taking two adjacent points in the wave velocity set N of each frequency calculated by the dependence of the sample line；
According to the theoretical transmission speed curveObtaining the theoretical traveling wave velocity point under the same frequency, and recording as；
Calculated byTwo-point linear equation slope/>；
To be used forThe point with lower middle frequency is the reference point,/>For the slope, construct equation/>；
According toTwo-point construction of two-point perpendicular bisector equation/>Equation/>The method comprises the following steps:
；
Calculation equation And equation/>Coincident point/>The corrected frequency-wave speed point is obtained;
repeating the above steps to obtain multiple corrected frequency-wave speed points to form corrected frequency-wave speed curve 。
6. The method for improving fault location accuracy of a medium voltage network overhead line based on a traveling wave method according to claim 1, wherein in Step7, if a line has a traveling wave in a serial connection generated by an in-station operation, the line is an existing reference signal line, and if the line does not have the traveling wave in the serial connection generated by the in-station operation, the line is a no reference signal line, and the in-station operation includes but is not limited to: reclosing and switching.
7. The method for improving fault location precision of a medium-voltage network overhead line based on a traveling wave method according to claim 1, wherein if a scene of a serial traveling wave generated by in-station operation exists in a line in Step8, the correction method is as follows:
Obtaining a traveling wave signal spectrogram through FFT spectrum analysis, and selecting the frequency with the largest spectrogram amplitude as a main frequency ；
According to the modified frequency-wave velocity curveAcquiring an actual wave velocity/>, corresponding to the traveling wave signal；
According to the time difference of the serial traveling wave acquired by the monitoring terminalCalculating a line length parameter: /(I)，Namely, the corrected line total length/>。
8. The method for improving fault location precision of a medium-voltage network overhead line based on a traveling wave method according to claim 1, wherein if a scene of a serial traveling wave generated by in-station operation does not exist in a Step8, the correction method is as follows:
selecting a traveling wave signal without a fault in an interval of the reference signal line for the first time;
Obtaining a traveling wave signal spectrogram through FFT spectrum analysis, and selecting the frequency with the largest spectrogram amplitude as a main frequency ；
According to the modified frequency-wave velocity curveAcquiring an actual wave velocity/>, corresponding to the traveling wave signal；
With existing inaccurate full-length information of the lineBased on the method, the position/>, away from the monitoring terminal, of the fault point is calculated by combining a double-end positioning algorithm；
；
On-site line inspection, determining the actual position of a fault point, wherein the actual distance between the fault point and a monitoring terminal is as follows；
According to the line inspection result, combining the full-length information of the inaccurate line, and obtaining the actual length information of the line in an equal ratio relation:
；
In the middle of The traveling wave head time acquired by the monitoring terminals at two sides is respectively;
namely, the corrected line total length/> 。
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