CN117923294A - Offshore deployment method for large-scale bottom-supported marine equipment - Google Patents

Offshore deployment method for large-scale bottom-supported marine equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117923294A
CN117923294A CN202211299231.8A CN202211299231A CN117923294A CN 117923294 A CN117923294 A CN 117923294A CN 202211299231 A CN202211299231 A CN 202211299231A CN 117923294 A CN117923294 A CN 117923294A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
equipment
hoisting
wharf
cable
sea
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202211299231.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王秀波
隋宇巍
秦同杰
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760 RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CSIC
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760 RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CSIC
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Publication date
Application filed by 760 RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CSIC filed Critical 760 RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CSIC
Priority to CN202211299231.8A priority Critical patent/CN117923294A/en
Publication of CN117923294A publication Critical patent/CN117923294A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/12—Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
    • B66C13/08—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • B66C23/44—Jib-cranes adapted for attachment to standard vehicles, e.g. agricultural tractors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of marine equipment, in particular to a near-shore deployment method of large-scale bottom-supported marine equipment. The method comprises the steps of using an automobile crane with proper tonnage as hoisting equipment, and hoisting large-scale bottom-supported marine equipment from a wharf to a specified position in the sea near the wharf; the combined connection of a cable, a hanging strip and a shackle is used as a hoisting rigging; tying a hanging belt at a proper position on the cable as a lifting point; a group of floating balls are tied on the shackle. The method can safely arrange the large-scale bottom-supported marine equipment at a specified position in the sea near the wharf, can avoid the shackle from falling down under the action of gravity to hit the equipment after the hoisting is completed, and can also avoid the hanging belt from being wound on the equipment under the action of ocean currents. After the offshore deployment is completed, the hanging strip can be easily taken down from the hanging hook at the wharf to complete unhooking work. After the offshore test is completed, the equipment can be conveniently hoisted to the wharf from the sea.

Description

Offshore deployment method for large-scale bottom-supported marine equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine equipment, in particular to a near-shore deployment method of large-scale bottom-supported marine equipment.
Background
Marine equipment testing is an important approach to marine observation, scientific investigation and equipment performance testing. In order to ensure that the marine equipment is in a normal working state in the test process, generally, before the formal sea test, the marine equipment needs to be subjected to a shallow sea test, namely, the offshore joint debugging and partial functional test of the equipment are completed. At this time, the above test is performed by placing the apparatus in the sea area near the wharf.
In the offshore test process of marine equipment, the offshore deployment of the marine equipment is an important link, and directly influences whether the offshore test of the equipment can be performed. Particularly, the arrangement of large-scale marine equipment has certain difficulty and risk, each influencing factor in the process needs to be fully considered, the arrangement scheme is optimized, the offshore operation is reduced as much as possible, and the specific operation is completed on the premise of ensuring the safety.
According to the offshore deployment method of the large-scale bottom-supported marine equipment, aiming at the shallow sea test link of the marine equipment, equipment is hoisted to a designated position point in the sea from the shore, and after the offshore test is completed, the equipment can be conveniently recovered to a wharf from the sea.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a offshore deployment method of large-scale bottom-mounted marine equipment so as to implement shallow sea test of the large-scale marine equipment.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for offshore deployment of large-scale bottoming marine equipment, including:
And selecting an automobile crane with proper tonnage as hoisting equipment for hoisting large-scale bottoming ocean equipment from a wharf to a specified position in the ocean near the wharf. The truck crane with proper tonnage is characterized in that the hoisting load meets the extension length of a crane arm, so that the equipment can be hoisted to a specified position in the sea. The appointed position in the sea refers to a position point which is flat at the sea bottom and is convenient for an automobile crane to carry out deployment, recovery and hoisting, and is selected by carrying out sea depth scanning near a wharf through a marine depth finder before a test.
The lifting rigging between the automobile crane lifting hook and the large-scale bottom-supported marine equipment is the combined connection of a cable, a sling and a shackle.
The hoisting rigging is connected in the following way:
One end of the 4 hanging strips is respectively connected to 4 lifting lugs of the hoisted marine equipment bracket, the other 1 hanging strip is used as a switching hanging strip to penetrate into the eyes at the other end of the 4 hanging strips, and the two eyes of the hanging strips are sleeved on the shackle body. Penetrating a rope end ferrule of a bearing cable into the shackle body; and 1 short hanging strip meeting the hoisting requirement is tied at a proper position of the cable as a lifting point, and the cable is directly used for tying the hanging strip on the short hanging strip.
One end of the mooring rope is provided with a spliced rope end ferrule, so that the mooring rope can be conveniently sleeved on the shackle body, and the potential safety hazard caused by the fact that the rope buckle is easy to loosen when the mooring rope is tied is reduced; the wear-resistant protective sleeve is wrapped outside the rope end ferrule, the breaking force of the wear-resistant protective sleeve meets the requirement of safe hoisting equipment, and the length of the wear-resistant protective sleeve meets the requirement that after the equipment is hoisted to a specified position point in the sea, residual mooring ropes on the shore can be firmly coiled on wharf mooring posts.
In the proper position of the cable, the length of the cable left between the lifting hook and the sea surface after the equipment is lifted to the seabed can be adjusted to the wharf direction after the lifting arm rotates, and an operator can complete unhooking operation on the wharf.
All the hanging strips are short hanging strips with tonnage meeting the hoisting requirement, so that the hanging strips are prevented from being wound under the action of water flow after the equipment is placed on the seabed.
A group of floating balls are tied on the shackle body, the buoyancy of the floating ball group is enough to enable the shackle and the hanging belt to be in a suspension state in seawater when the equipment reaches the sea floor, so that the shackle is prevented from falling down to the equipment after a bearing cable is loosened, the hanging belt is prevented from falling down to the equipment in the bracket, and difficulty occurs when the hanging belt is lifted again.
With the above-described method according to an embodiment of the present invention, large-scale bottoming marine equipment can be safely deployed to a designated location offshore. The mooring rope between the lifting hook and the equipment is long enough, so that the offshore lifting work can be completed, the lifting arm rotates to the wharf direction, the unhooking work is completed on the wharf, the unhooking operation of personnel in an offshore ship is avoided, and the operation safety is improved; the hanging strip is tied on the cable, so that the hanging strip can be easily taken down from the lifting hook after the lifting operation is finished, and the difficulty in taking down the cable which is tightly fastened on the lifting hook due to stress after the cable is lifted is avoided by simply tying the cable on the lifting hook; the hanging belt is directly tied on the cable by using the cable itself, so that the strength requirement of the hoisting process is ensured; after the hanging of the floating ball group on the shackle is finished, the shackle falls down under the action of gravity to smash the equipment in the bracket, and the hanging belt in the sea can be prevented from being wound on the equipment under the action of ocean current.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a deployment process for large-scale bottoming marine equipment in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Symbol description: 1 marine equipment; 2, hanging strips at the equipment end; 3, switching the hanging belt; 4, shackle; 5 rope end loop; 6, floating ball groups; 7 ropes; 8 a sling tied on the cable; 9 lifting hooks; 10 an automobile crane.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment uses a suitably tonnage truck crane to deploy a large-scale undersea rig on the ocean floor near the dock. In this example, the ocean equipment is deployed in a volume of 4m and a weight of about 3 tons, is hoisted into the ocean at a lateral distance of about 10m from the quay by a crane, and is deployed to the ocean floor at a depth of about 20 m.
Before deployment, the marine depth measuring instrument is used for measuring the sea water depth in the sea area near the wharf, and a position point which is flat and convenient to deploy is selected.
The longer the boom is extended, the lower the hoisting capacity of the crane, so that the tonnage of the selected truck crane needs to be large enough to meet the requirement of hoisting equipment. In this example, a truck crane with a tonnage of 100 tons was selected.
Because the crane hook and the steel cable are easy to be corroded by seawater, the seawater cannot be directly introduced, and the hoisting equipment is deeper in water, the hoisting operation cannot be completed by only using the crane hook and the steel cable of the automobile crane. The invention uses a bearing cable as a part of the hoisting rigging, thereby avoiding the crane hook and the steel cable from immersing in seawater.
The breaking force of the cable is large enough, so that on one hand, hoisting failure caused by cable breakage in the hoisting process can be avoided; on the other hand, when recovering the equipment, the equipment is placed on the seabed for a long time and can be buried by the sludge, so that a large force is required for lifting the equipment from the seabed during lifting, and therefore, a sufficient margin is required for breaking force when selecting the mooring line. In this example, a cable of polymeric material with a breaking force of 42.5 tons was used.
In the hoisting operation, the length of a cable between the lifting hook and the equipment not only meets the requirement of hoisting the cable to a specified position point in the sea, but also can finish unhooking operation at the wharf after the hoisting operation is finished and the crane boom of the automobile is rotated to the wharf direction, so that unhooking operation at the sea is avoided, and potential safety hazards are reduced.
Unhooking operation is required to be completed after the equipment is arranged on the seabed. If the load-bearing cable is directly tied on the lifting hook, the cable can be tightly tied on the lifting hook after the lifting is finished due to the large dead weight of the equipment, and the load-bearing cable is difficult to take down. Therefore, one sling is tied on the bearing cable and hung on the lifting hook, so that the sling can be easily taken down after the lifting is finished, and unhooking operation is completed. In order to ensure the safety of the hoisting process, other ropes are not used for tying the hanging belt, and the hanging belt is tied on the hanging belt directly by using a hoisting cable.
One end of the cable is a spliced rope end ferrule, the wear-resistant protective sleeve is wrapped outside the rope end ferrule, the rope end ferrule can be directly sleeved on the shackle body, the potential safety hazard caused by the fact that the rope is easy to produce rope buckle looseness when the rope is tied on the shackle is removed, and the wear-resistant protective sleeve is wrapped outside the rope end ferrule, so that the potential safety hazard caused by wear of the cable is reduced.
In the invention, a shackle is used as a connecting part to connect a bearing cable and a sling at the equipment end. Because the dead weight of the larger shackle is larger, the buoyancy that needs the floating ball to float is also larger, therefore, the selected shackle is not suitable to be too large, under the premise that the tonnage meets the hoisting requirement, the inner space of the shackle is enough to penetrate and tie the bearing cable rope end ferrule and a group of suspender lifting lugs into the floating ball group rope, and 25 tons of bow shackles are selected in the embodiment.
Because the space in the shackle is limited, the lifting lugs of the four hanging strips cannot be simultaneously accommodated, one hanging strip is used for transferring, the hanging strip penetrates into the ring eyes of the four hanging strips, and the ring eyes of the transferring hanging strips penetrate into the shackle body.
According to the invention, a group of floating balls are tied on the shackle, the shackle and the suspender in water are floated by the buoyancy of the floating balls, so that the shackle is prevented from falling down and being crashed on equipment under the action of self gravity after a bearing cable is loose after hoisting is finished, and the suspender is prevented from being wound on the equipment under the action of water flow and is difficult to hoist again.
In this embodiment, the test crane is carried out at the quay before the equipment is lifted into the sea. After all hoisting rigging is connected, a crane operator starts a crane to slightly lift the equipment, and whether the whole equipment is in a balanced state or not after the bottom end of the equipment is lifted off the ground is observed, and whether a mooring rope is safe or not is observed. And after the test crane passes, performing offshore deployment operation of the equipment.
After the equipment is laid on the sea, the crane boom is rotated to the wharf direction, the hanging strip is taken down, and the rest part of the bearing cable (containing the hanging strip) is firmly wound on the wharf bollard. The cable is wrapped by the wear-resistant material, so that the cable is prevented from being affected by ocean currents, rubbed with a wharf and worn.
After the offshore test is completed, equipment recovery is performed. And unwinding the cable wound on the wharf bollard. Hanging the lifting lug of the hanging strip on the lifting hook of the automobile crane, rotating the lifting arm to the direction of the position point in the sea where the equipment is placed, slowly lifting, firstly hanging the equipment away from the sea bottom, and then hanging the equipment to a wharf.
To sum up, in this embodiment, the large-scale bottom-sitting marine equipment can be safely deployed to a specified position in the sea near the wharf, so that the shackle can be prevented from falling down under the action of gravity to be hit the equipment after the hoisting is completed, and the in-sea hanging belt can be prevented from being wound on the equipment under the action of ocean currents. After the offshore deployment is completed, the hanging strip can be easily taken down from the hanging hook at the wharf to complete unhooking work. After the offshore test is completed, the equipment can be conveniently hoisted to the wharf from the sea.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the foregoing examples, but all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, which modifications are also to be considered as protective scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method for laying large-scale bottom-supported marine equipment offshore is characterized by using an automobile crane as hoisting equipment for hoisting the large-scale bottom-supported marine equipment from a wharf to a specified position in the sea near the wharf; the combined connection of a cable, a hanging strip and a shackle is used as a hoisting rigging between a lifting hook of an automobile crane and a large-sized bottom-supported marine device to be hoisted; tying a hanging belt at a proper position on the cable as a lifting point; a group of floating balls are tied on the shackle.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the truck crane tonnage is sufficient to deploy the bottoming marine installation to a designated location in the jetty offshore.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined position in the sea near the wharf is a position point which is flat and convenient to be laid on the sea floor selected by using a marine depth finder to scan the sea depth near the wharf before the test.
4. The cable of claim 1, wherein one end of the cable is a plug-in rope end ferrule, and the wear-resistant protective sleeve is wrapped outside the rope end ferrule; the breaking force meets the requirement of safe hoisting equipment; the length is satisfied that after the equipment is laid to the appointed position point in the sea, the residual mooring rope on the shore can be firmly coiled on the wharf mooring post.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the tying of the slings in place on the cables means that after hoisting the equipment to the sea floor, the tying points of the slings on the cables and the length of the rest of the cables on the sea surface are such that unhooking operations can be completed on the quay after the boom is rotated to the quay direction.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hoisting rigging is connected in the following manner: one end of each of the 4 hanging strips is respectively connected to a lifting lug of the equipment, the other 1 hanging strip is used for penetrating into the eye at the other end of the 4 hanging strips, and two eyes of the hanging strips are penetrated on the shackle body; penetrating a rope end ferrule of a cable into the shackle body; and 1 sling is tied on the other end of the cable at a proper position.
7. Hoisting rigging according to claim 1, wherein all of the harnesses used are short harnesses having tonnage meeting hoisting requirements.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the set of floating balls tethered to the shackle are of a buoyancy sufficient to suspend the shackle and a harness attached to the marine equipment in water after deployment of the apparatus to the seafloor.
CN202211299231.8A 2022-10-14 2022-10-14 Offshore deployment method for large-scale bottom-supported marine equipment Pending CN117923294A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211299231.8A CN117923294A (en) 2022-10-14 2022-10-14 Offshore deployment method for large-scale bottom-supported marine equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211299231.8A CN117923294A (en) 2022-10-14 2022-10-14 Offshore deployment method for large-scale bottom-supported marine equipment

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117923294A true CN117923294A (en) 2024-04-26

Family

ID=90749505

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202211299231.8A Pending CN117923294A (en) 2022-10-14 2022-10-14 Offshore deployment method for large-scale bottom-supported marine equipment

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117923294A (en)

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