CN117906683B - Sensor for measuring double parameters of temperature and electrolyte density of storage battery and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Sensor for measuring double parameters of temperature and electrolyte density of storage battery and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117906683B CN117906683B CN202410308722.7A CN202410308722A CN117906683B CN 117906683 B CN117906683 B CN 117906683B CN 202410308722 A CN202410308722 A CN 202410308722A CN 117906683 B CN117906683 B CN 117906683B
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000985 reflectance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000579 plumbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/3206—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres at discrete locations in the fibre, e.g. using Bragg scattering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/24—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by observing the transmission of wave or particle radiation through the material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/484—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring electrolyte level, electrolyte density or electrolyte conductivity
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of storage battery monitoring devices, and provides a storage battery temperature and electrolyte density double-parameter measuring sensor and a measuring method thereof, wherein the measuring method comprises the following steps: a glass tube; a capillary tube disposed within the glass tube; the single-mode fiber is fixed on the gold-plated reflecting surface in the capillary tube, is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the capillary tube, has a distance of 250-350 mu m with the single-mode fiber, and forms an open type Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) structure together with the capillary tube, the single-mode fiber and the gold-plated reflecting surface; the Bragg grating is arranged in the glass tube, one end of the Bragg grating is coupled with one end of the single-mode fiber, which is far away from the gold-plated reflecting surface, through the coupler, and the Bragg grating is packaged in the glass tube, and the top of the glass tube is provided with an air discharge tube. According to the technical scheme, the temperature and the electrolyte density can be monitored in real time, the dual-parameter measurement of the temperature and the electrolyte density of the storage battery is realized, the measurement accuracy is high, the sensor is not easy to be interfered by external factors, and the sensor can be placed in the storage battery for long-term use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of storage battery monitoring devices, in particular to a storage battery temperature and electrolyte density double-parameter measuring sensor and a measuring method thereof.
Background
The lead-acid battery has covered the industry, agriculture, communication and national defense of China by virtue of the advantages of stable operation, simple control, low cost, environmental protection compared with other types of batteries, and the like, and is an indispensable green power supply in national economy production. The use of batteries also presents some safety issues. In the related art, the use safety of the storage battery is generally monitored by respectively monitoring the voltage, the body temperature and the like. However, during operation of the battery or in a state of overcharge or the like, the temperature is excessively high or the electrolyte density is abnormal, and explosion, fire, or the like is liable to occur. Therefore, it is important to monitor the battery temperature and electrolyte density simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide the double-parameter measuring sensor for the temperature and the electrolyte density of the storage battery and the measuring method thereof, which can monitor the temperature and the electrolyte density in real time, can realize the double-parameter measurement of the temperature and the electrolyte density of the storage battery, has high measuring accuracy of the temperature and the density, is not easy to be interfered by external factors, and can be put into the storage battery for long-term use.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dual parameter measurement sensor for battery temperature and electrolyte density, comprising: a glass tube; a capillary tube disposed within the glass tube; a single mode fiber fixed within the capillary; the gold-plated reflecting surface is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the capillary tube, the distance between the gold-plated reflecting surface and the single-mode fiber is 250-350 mu m, and the capillary tube, the single-mode fiber and the gold-plated reflecting surface form an open Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) structure; the Bragg grating is arranged in the glass tube, one end of the Bragg grating is coupled with one end of the single-mode fiber, which is far away from the gold-plated reflecting surface, through a coupler, and the Bragg grating is packaged in the glass tube, and an air outlet tube is arranged at the top of the glass tube.
According to the technical scheme, electrolyte can be sucked into the capillary tube by utilizing the capillary effect of the capillary tube and enter the FPI structure, so that when the fiber bragg grating demodulator emits incident light, a reflection spectrum reflected by the electrolyte can be obtained, the reflection spectrum comprises a Bragg grating reflection spectrum and an FPI reflection spectrum, the temperature can be monitored in real time, the density of the electrolyte with temperature interference eliminated, and the accuracy is high. The gold-plated reflecting surface is adopted in the open FPI structure, so that the reflectivity is improved, a stronger reflection spectrum can be obtained, and the density information is more accurately analyzed.
The distance between the gold-plated reflecting surface and the single mode fiber is generally set to 300 μm.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the upper and lower ends of the capillary tube are respectively provided with an opening.
In the technical scheme, the upper end and the lower end of the capillary tube are respectively provided with the opening, so that the capillary effect can be better formed, electrolyte is easier to suck, and the FP cavity is filled with the electrolyte.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the sensor for measuring two parameters of temperature and electrolyte density of the storage battery further comprises: the filter screen is arranged at the bottom of the glass tube and is arranged at intervals with the gold-plated reflecting surface and the other end of the Bragg grating.
In the technical scheme, through the design of the filter screen, lead compounds can be filtered out in the process of electrolyte suction, and the lead compounds are effectively prevented from entering the sensor and interfering with the measurement result.
In any one of the above embodiments, preferably, the sensor for measuring two parameters of the temperature of the battery and the density of the electrolyte further includes: the bubble isolation cap is arranged on the bottom surface of the glass tube and is positioned below the filter screen.
In this technical scheme, through the design of bubble isolation cap, can keep apart the rising bubble that produces in the charge-discharge process, the bubble isolation cap adopts the glass material preparation, utilizes its gravity effect, can immerse the sensor in the electrolyte.
In any one of the above embodiments, preferably, the sensor for measuring two parameters of the temperature of the battery and the density of the electrolyte further includes: and the floating ball is arranged at the top of the glass tube.
In the technical scheme, the sensor can be vertically immersed in the electrolyte by arranging the floating ball above the glass tube and combining the gravity action of the bubble isolation cap, and the outlet of the air discharge tube can be exposed to the air, so that the electrolyte is sucked from the bottom of the glass tube.
In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, a surface of the bragg grating is provided with an electrolyte corrosion resistant coating layer, and a spectral ratio of the coupler is 50:50.
In the technical scheme, the surface of the Bragg grating is provided with the electrolyte corrosion resistant coating layer, the fiber core is not in direct contact with the solution, the reflection spectrum of the Bragg grating does not drift in the density measurement process, the temperature can be determined by utilizing the peak wavelength of the grating, and the electrolyte density can be corrected by the temperature.
The technical scheme of the second aspect of the invention provides a method for measuring double parameters of the temperature and the electrolyte density of a storage battery, wherein the method adopts the double parameters of the temperature and the electrolyte density of the storage battery in the technical scheme, the sensor is sequentially connected with a fiber grating demodulator and a computer, the sensor is arranged in the electrolyte of the storage battery, a light source in the fiber grating demodulator emits incident light, the incident light is reflected in the sensor, and the reflected light returns to the fiber grating demodulator for demodulation, and the measuring method comprises the following steps:
Receiving a reflection spectrum, and analyzing and determining the peak wavelength of the current grating;
determining the current temperature of the storage battery according to the current grating peak wavelength and a pre-stored relation diagram of the grating peak wavelength and the temperature;
Demodulating the reflection spectrum according to a demodulation formula, and calculating and determining the refractive index of the current electrolyte, wherein the demodulation formula is as follows: n= [ lambda kλk-1/(λk-λk-1) ]/2L,
Wherein n is characterized by refractive index, λ is characterized by wavelength, and L is characterized by initial cavity length of the FPI;
determining the current refractive index error according to the current temperature of the storage battery and a pre-stored relation diagram of the refractive index error and the temperature;
Correcting the refractive index of the current electrolyte according to the error amount of the current refractive index, and determining the accurate refractive index of the current electrolyte;
And determining the density of the current electrolyte according to the accurate refractive index of the current electrolyte and a pre-stored relation diagram of the refractive index and the density.
In this technical scheme, because the surface of Bragg grating is equipped with the coating, fine core does not directly contact solution, and the reflection spectrum of Bragg grating does not take place to drift to, can confirm current battery temperature according to grating peak wavelength earlier, the temperature determination's precision is high, simultaneously, is favorable to correcting the density, improves density measurement's precision. After the current temperature of the storage battery is determined, the refractive index error caused by the temperature can be determined according to the temperature, and the refractive index demodulated by the reflection spectrum is corrected, so that the refractive index is more accurate, the density of the current electrolyte can be accurately determined, the monitoring accuracy is improved, and the safety monitoring is better realized.
In the above technical solution, preferably, a pre-stored relation chart of refractive index and density is specifically obtained by configuring a plurality of groups of sulfuric acid solutions with different densities as detection samples, and determining the densities of the sulfuric acid solutions by using a densitometer; respectively placing the sensors in detection samples in an environment with the temperature of 21 ℃, standing for five minutes, and preserving the reflection spectrum; demodulating the reflection spectrum according to a demodulation formula, and calculating and determining the refractive index of the sulfuric acid solution; and drawing a relation chart of refractive index and density according to the refractive index and density data of a plurality of groups of sulfuric acid solutions, and pre-storing the relation chart.
In the technical scheme, sensors are respectively placed in detection samples in an environment with the temperature of 21 ℃, reflection spectra under different densities are stored, drift of the reflection spectrum wavelength is observed on a 1535-1565 nm wave band, and the interference period of the reflection spectra is found to be reduced along with the increase of the density. Because the surface of the Bragg grating is provided with the coating layer, the fiber core is not directly contacted with the solution, so that the reflection spectrum of the Bragg grating does not drift in the density measurement process. The relationship between the density and the refractive index measured in an environment with a temperature of 21 ℃ can be obtained by demodulating the reflection spectrum by using a demodulation formula.
In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the pre-stored grating peak wavelength versus temperature graph is obtained specifically by the following steps,
Placing the sensor in a constant temperature heating furnace, keeping the temperature at 3 ℃ for 10 minutes every time when the temperature rises, keeping a mercury thermometer close to the sensor, and storing the reflection spectrum of the mercury thermometer;
determining a plurality of groups of grating peak wavelengths according to reflection spectrums at different temperatures;
And drawing a relation diagram of the grating peak wavelength and the temperature according to the multiple groups of grating peak wavelength and the temperature data, and pre-storing the relation diagram.
In the technical scheme, the drift of the reflection spectrum wavelength is observed on a 1525-1565 nm wave band, when the temperature is increased from 34 ℃ to 51 ℃, the reflection wavelength of the FBG is shifted rightwards, the peak wavelength of the FPI structure is shifted leftwards, and the peak wavelength of the FBG is changed regularly along with the temperature increase, so that the temperature can be determined by the grating peak wavelength by utilizing a relation diagram of the grating peak wavelength and the temperature.
In any one of the above technical solutions, preferably, the pre-stored map of refractive index error amount versus temperature is obtained specifically by the following steps,
Measuring reflection spectrums at a plurality of groups of different temperatures by taking 3 ℃ as a step length;
demodulating the reflection spectrum of the FPI at different temperatures according to a demodulation formula to obtain refractive index error amount data at different temperatures;
and drawing a relation diagram of the refractive index error amount and the temperature according to the plurality of groups of refractive index error amount and temperature data, and pre-storing the relation diagram.
According to the technical scheme, the reflection spectrums of the FPI at different temperatures are demodulated according to the demodulation formula to obtain the refractive index error amount data at different temperatures, so that a relation diagram of the refractive index error amount and the temperature can be obtained, the refractive index error amount can be determined by the temperature by utilizing the relation diagram of the refractive index error amount and the temperature, the refractive index can be calibrated, the temperature interference is eliminated, and the electrolyte density can be determined more accurately.
The invention provides a double-parameter measuring sensor for the temperature of a storage battery and the density of electrolyte and a measuring method thereof, which have the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) The sensor and the method for measuring the temperature and the electrolyte density of the storage battery can simultaneously realize the measurement of the temperature and the electrolyte density of the storage battery, have high measurement accuracy of the temperature and the density, are not easy to be interfered by external factors, and can be put into the storage battery for long-term use.
(2) The capillary structure adopted by the dual-parameter measuring sensor for the temperature and the electrolyte density of the storage battery has a self-priming effect, so that the electrolyte is easy to enter the FP cavity, and accurate measurement is realized.
(3) According to the dual-parameter measuring sensor and the measuring method for the temperature of the storage battery and the density of the electrolyte, the Bragg grating reflection spectrum and the FPI reflection spectrum are obtained through the same incident light, the temperature can be accurately analyzed through the Bragg grating reflection spectrum, meanwhile, the density of the electrolyte is accurately determined through the FPI reflection spectrum and the temperature, the problem of temperature interference is solved, and high-accuracy measurement of the density of the electrolyte can be realized.
(4) The dual-parameter measuring sensor for the temperature and the electrolyte density of the storage battery can play a role in protecting and isolating external interference factors such as bubbles and plumbides generated in the charging and discharging process of the battery through the unique design of the filter screen, the bubble isolation cap and the like, and ensure the service life and the measuring accuracy of the sensor. The FPI structure adopts a gold-plated reflecting surface, so that the reflectivity can be improved, and a stronger reflection spectrum can be obtained.
(5) The main material of the double-parameter measuring sensor for the temperature and the electrolyte density of the storage battery is silicon dioxide, has stable structure and strong acid and alkali resistance, and can be used in the storage battery for a long time.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a dual-parameter measurement sensor for temperature and electrolyte density of a storage battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the optical transmission principle of a dual-parameter measurement sensor for temperature and electrolyte density of a storage battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a measurement implementation structure of a dual-parameter measurement sensor for temperature and electrolyte density of a storage battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows reflectance spectra of multiple sets of sulfuric acid solutions of different densities;
FIG. 5 shows refractive index versus density;
FIG. 6 shows reflection spectra under different temperature environments;
FIG. 7 shows a graph of grating peak wavelength versus temperature;
Fig. 8 shows a graph of refractive index error amount versus temperature;
Figure 9 shows a LabView-based cell monitoring interface diagram,
The correspondence between the reference numerals and the components in fig. 1 and 2 is:
10. The sensor comprises a storage battery temperature and electrolyte density double-parameter measuring sensor, a 102 glass tube, a 104 FPI structure, a 1042 capillary tube, a 1044 single-mode fiber, a 1046 gold-plated reflecting surface, a 106 Bragg grating, a 108 coupler, a 110 air outlet pipe, a 112 filter screen, a 114 bubble isolation cap, a 116 floating ball, a 118 open port, a 20 fiber grating demodulator and a 30 computer.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
A battery temperature and electrolyte density dual-parameter measurement sensor and a measurement method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 9.
As shown in fig. 1, a battery temperature and electrolyte density dual-parameter measurement sensor 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: glass tube 102, capillary tube 1042, single mode fiber 1044, gold plated reflective surface 1046, bragg grating 106, and the like. The capillary tube 1042 is arranged in the glass tube 102, the single-mode fiber 1044 is fixed in the capillary tube 1042, the gold-plated reflecting surface 1046 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the capillary tube 1042, the distance between the gold-plated reflecting surface 1046 and the single-mode fiber 1044 is 250-350 mu m, an open FPI structure 104 is formed, the upper end and the lower end of the capillary tube 1042 are respectively provided with an open port 118, a capillary effect is generated, the density of electrolyte can be analyzed by utilizing the FPI reflection spectrum, and in addition, the gold-plated reflecting surface 1046 is adopted in the open FPI structure 104, the reflectivity is improved, a stronger reflection spectrum can be obtained, and the density information can be analyzed more accurately. The Bragg grating 106 is arranged in the glass tube 102, one end of the Bragg grating 106 is coupled with one end of the single-mode fiber 1044 far away from the gold-plated reflecting surface 1046 through the coupler 108, the Bragg grating is packaged in the glass tube 102, the air exhaust pipe 110 is arranged at the top of the glass tube 102, the temperature of the storage battery can be analyzed by utilizing the Bragg grating 106 reflection spectrum, meanwhile, the temperature interference in the electrolyte density is eliminated by utilizing the temperature monitored in real time, and the accuracy is higher. The principle of light transmission of the battery temperature and electrolyte density dual parameter measurement sensor 10 is shown in fig. 2.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, openings 118 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the capillary tube 1042, respectively, so that a capillary effect is generated in the electrolyte, and the electrolyte is sucked into the FP cavity.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, a filter 112 is disposed at the bottom of the glass tube 102, and the filter 112 is disposed at a distance from the gold-plated reflecting surface 1046 and the other end of the bragg grating 106. Therefore, lead particles can be filtered in the process of electrolyte suction, so that the lead particles are effectively prevented from entering the sensor 10, and the measurement result is disturbed.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, a bubble isolation cap 114 is installed on the bottom surface of the glass tube 102, and the bubble isolation cap 114 is located below the filter mesh 112. Thus, rising bubbles generated during the charge and discharge process can be isolated, and the bubble isolation cap 114 is made of a glass material, and the sensor 10 can be immersed in the electrolyte by the action of gravity.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, a float ball 116 is installed on the top of the glass tube 102. Thus, the sensor 10 can be vertically immersed in the electrolyte and the outlet of the air discharge pipe 110 can be exposed to the air in favor of the suction of the electrolyte from the bottom of the glass tube 102 in combination with the gravity action of the bubble isolation cap 114.
Further, the center wavelength of the bragg grating 106 is 1530nm, or a similar wavelength may be adopted, the surface of the bragg grating 106 is provided with an electrolyte corrosion resistant coating layer, and the spectral ratio of the coupler 108 is 50:50. because the surface of the Bragg grating 106 is provided with the coating layer, the fiber core is not in direct contact with the solution, the reflection spectrum of the Bragg grating 106 does not drift in the density measurement process, the temperature can be determined by utilizing the peak wavelength of the grating, and the density of the electrolyte can be corrected by the temperature.
According to the method for measuring the temperature and the electrolyte density of the storage battery in the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 3, the sensor 10 for measuring the temperature and the electrolyte density of the storage battery is sequentially connected with the fiber grating demodulator 20 and the computer 30, the sensor 10 is placed in the electrolyte of the storage battery, the sensor 10 is vertically immersed in the electrolyte due to the buoyancy of the floating ball 116 and the gravity of the bubble isolation cap 114, the light source in the fiber grating demodulator 20 emits incident light, the incident light is reflected in the sensor 10, and the reflected light returns to the fiber grating demodulator 20 for demodulation. The measuring method comprises the following steps:
s202, receiving a reflection spectrum, and analyzing and determining the peak wavelength of the current grating;
s204, determining the current temperature of the storage battery according to the current grating peak wavelength and a pre-stored relation diagram of the grating peak wavelength and the temperature;
S206, demodulating the reflection spectrum according to a demodulation formula, and calculating and determining the refractive index of the current electrolyte, wherein the demodulation formula is as follows: n= [ lambda kλk-1/(λk-λk-1) ]/2L, where n is characterized by the refractive index, lambda is characterized by the wavelength, and L is characterized by the initial cavity length of the FPI;
s208, determining the current refractive index error amount according to the current temperature of the storage battery and a pre-stored relation diagram of the refractive index error amount and the temperature;
S210, correcting the refractive index of the current electrolyte according to the error amount of the current refractive index, and determining the accurate refractive index of the current electrolyte;
s212, determining the density of the current electrolyte according to the accurate refractive index of the current electrolyte and a pre-stored relation diagram of refractive index and density.
In this embodiment, because the surface of bragg grating is equipped with the coating, fine core does not directly contact solution, and the reflection spectrum of bragg grating does not take place to drift to, can confirm current battery temperature according to grating peak wavelength earlier, the temperature determination's precision is high, simultaneously, is favorable to correcting the density, improves density measurement's precision. After the current temperature of the storage battery is determined, the refractive index error caused by the temperature can be determined according to the temperature, and the refractive index demodulated by the reflection spectrum is corrected, so that the refractive index is more accurate, the density of the current electrolyte can be accurately determined, the monitoring accuracy is improved, and the safety monitoring is better realized.
Further, a pre-stored relation diagram of refractive index and density is specifically obtained by the steps of preparing a plurality of groups of sulfuric acid solutions with different densities as detection samples, and determining the densities of the sulfuric acid solutions by adopting a densimeter; respectively placing the sensors 10 in detection samples in an environment with the temperature of 21 ℃, standing for five minutes, and preserving the reflection spectrum; demodulating the reflection spectrum according to a demodulation formula, and calculating and determining the refractive index of the sulfuric acid solution; and drawing a relation chart of refractive index and density according to the refractive index and density data of a plurality of groups of sulfuric acid solutions, and pre-storing the relation chart.
Specifically, 7 sets of sulfuric acid solutions of different densities were configured as electrolyte sensors 10 to detect samples, and the densities of the solutions were determined using densitometers (Anton Paar DMA 35). The sensor 10 is placed in a detection sample in an environment with the temperature of 21 ℃ respectively, the detection sample is kept stand for five minutes, after the reflection spectrum is stored, the sensor 10 is taken out, the sensor 10 is dried, then other solution density measurements are carried out, the reflection spectrum under different densities is stored, and the drift of the reflection spectrum wavelength is observed on a 1535-1565 nm wave band, as shown in fig. 4. Because the surface of the Bragg grating is provided with the coating layer, the fiber core is not directly contacted with the solution, so that the reflection spectrum of the Bragg grating does not drift in the density measurement process. The reflectance spectrum is demodulated using a demodulation formula n= [ lambda kλk-1/(λk-λk-1) ]/2L, (where n is characterized by refractive index, lambda is characterized by wavelength, and L is characterized by initial cavity length of FPI), to obtain refractive index of sulfuric acid solution, and a graph of refractive index versus density is plotted corresponding to the measured density, as shown in fig. 5.
Further, a pre-stored relation diagram of grating peak wavelength and temperature is specifically obtained by placing the sensor 10 in a constant temperature heating furnace, keeping the temperature at 3 ℃ for 10 minutes every time, keeping a mercury thermometer close to the sensor 10, and storing the reflection spectrum; determining a plurality of groups of grating peak wavelengths according to reflection spectrums at different temperatures; and drawing a relation diagram of the grating peak wavelength and the temperature according to the multiple groups of grating peak wavelength and the temperature data, and pre-storing the relation diagram.
Specifically, the sensor 10 was placed in a constant temperature heating furnace, the temperature was kept at 3 ℃ for 10 minutes every time the temperature was raised, and a mercury thermometer was kept close to the sensor 10 to ensure the accuracy of the temperature. Observing the wavelength drift of the reflection spectrum on a wave band of 1525-1565 nm, as shown in fig. 6, when the temperature is increased from 34 ℃ to 51 ℃, the reflection wavelength of the FBG is shifted rightwards, the peak wavelength of the FPI structure is shifted leftwards, according to the data of a plurality of groups of grating peak wavelengths and the temperature, the relation diagram of the grating peak wavelengths and the temperature is drawn, and as shown in fig. 7, the peak wavelengths of the FBG are changed linearly along with the temperature.
Further, a pre-stored relation diagram of refractive index error amount and temperature is obtained by measuring reflection spectrums at different temperatures by taking 3 ℃ as a step length; demodulating the reflection spectrum of the FPI at different temperatures according to a demodulation formula to obtain refractive index error amount data at different temperatures; and drawing a relation diagram of the refractive index error amount and the temperature according to the plurality of groups of refractive index error amount and temperature data, and pre-storing the relation diagram.
Specifically, the response spectral responses at different temperatures in fig. 6 are demodulated to obtain the temperature-induced errors in the measured refractive index. From the plurality of sets of refractive index error amounts and temperature data, a map of refractive index error amounts versus temperature is drawn, as shown in fig. 8.
The method for measuring the temperature and the electrolyte density of the storage battery can be programmed by using LabView, and the sensor 10 is implanted into the storage battery, so that the temperature and the electrolyte density of the current lead-acid battery can be displayed on a LabView page, as shown in figure 9.
The steps in the method can be sequentially adjusted, combined and deleted according to actual needs.
The units in the device can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps of the various methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by a program that instructs associated hardware, the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium including Read-Only Memory (ROM), random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), programmable Read-Only Memory (Programmable Read-Only Memory, PROM), erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, EPROM), one-time programmable Read-Only Memory (OTPROM), electrically erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), compact disc Read-Only Memory (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory, CD-ROM) or other optical disk Memory, magnetic disk Memory, tape Memory, or any other medium that can be used for carrying or storing data.
In the present invention, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more, unless expressly defined otherwise. The terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; "coupled" may be directly coupled or indirectly coupled through intermediaries. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or units referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "particular embodiments," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A battery temperature and electrolyte density dual parameter measurement sensor comprising: a glass tube; a capillary tube disposed within the glass tube; a single mode fiber fixed within the capillary; the gold-plated reflecting surface is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the capillary tube, the distance between the gold-plated reflecting surface and the single-mode fiber is 250-350 mu m, and the capillary tube, the single-mode fiber and the gold-plated reflecting surface form an open Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) structure; the Bragg grating is arranged in the glass tube, one end of the Bragg grating is coupled with one end of the single-mode fiber, which is far away from the gold-plated reflecting surface, through a coupler and is packaged in the glass tube, the top of the glass tube is provided with an air outlet tube,
The upper end and the lower end of the capillary tube are respectively provided with an opening,
The filter screen is arranged at the bottom of the glass tube and is arranged at intervals with the gold-plated reflecting surface and the other end of the Bragg grating,
A bubble isolation cap which is arranged on the bottom surface of the glass tube and is positioned below the filter screen,
A floating ball arranged at the top of the glass tube,
The surface of the Bragg grating is provided with an electrolyte corrosion resistant coating, and the spectral ratio of the coupler is 50:50,
The temperature of the storage battery is obtained by analyzing the reflection spectrum of the Bragg grating, the refractive index is obtained by analyzing the reflection spectrum of the single-mode fiber, and the density of the electrolyte is determined according to the temperature and the refractive index of the storage battery.
2. The method for measuring the temperature and electrolyte density of the storage battery is characterized by adopting the sensor for measuring the temperature and electrolyte density of the storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is sequentially connected with a fiber grating demodulator and a computer, the sensor is arranged in the electrolyte of the storage battery, a light source in the fiber grating demodulator emits incident light, the incident light is reflected in the sensor, and the reflected light returns to the fiber grating demodulator for demodulation, and the measuring method comprises the following steps:
Receiving a reflection spectrum, and analyzing and determining the peak wavelength of the current grating;
determining the current temperature of the storage battery according to the current grating peak wavelength and a pre-stored relation diagram of the grating peak wavelength and the temperature;
Demodulating the reflection spectrum according to a demodulation formula, and calculating and determining the refractive index of the current electrolyte, wherein the demodulation formula is as follows: n= [ lambda kλk-1/(λk-λk-1) ]/2L,
Wherein n is characterized by refractive index, λ is characterized by wavelength, and L is characterized by initial cavity length of the FPI;
determining the current refractive index error according to the current temperature of the storage battery and a pre-stored relation diagram of the refractive index error and the temperature;
Correcting the refractive index of the current electrolyte according to the error amount of the current refractive index, and determining the accurate refractive index of the current electrolyte;
And determining the density of the current electrolyte according to the accurate refractive index of the current electrolyte and a pre-stored relation diagram of the refractive index and the density.
3. The method for measuring the temperature and the electrolyte density of the storage battery according to claim 2, wherein the pre-stored relation chart of the refractive index and the density is obtained by the following steps,
Preparing a plurality of groups of sulfuric acid solutions with different densities as detection samples, and determining the densities of the sulfuric acid solutions by adopting a densimeter;
Respectively placing the sensors in detection samples in an environment with the temperature of 21 ℃, standing for five minutes, and preserving the reflection spectrum;
Demodulating the reflection spectrum according to a demodulation formula, and calculating and determining the refractive index of the sulfuric acid solution;
and drawing a relation chart of refractive index and density according to the refractive index and density data of a plurality of groups of sulfuric acid solutions, and pre-storing the relation chart.
4. The method for measuring the temperature and the electrolyte density of the storage battery according to claim 2, wherein the pre-stored grating peak wavelength versus temperature chart is obtained by the following steps,
Placing the sensor in a constant temperature heating furnace, keeping the temperature at 3 ℃ for 10 minutes every time when the temperature rises, keeping a mercury thermometer close to the sensor, and storing the reflection spectrum of the mercury thermometer;
determining a plurality of groups of grating peak wavelengths according to reflection spectrums at different temperatures;
And drawing a relation diagram of the grating peak wavelength and the temperature according to the multiple groups of grating peak wavelength and the temperature data, and pre-storing the relation diagram.
5. The method for measuring the temperature and the electrolyte density of a storage battery according to claim 2, wherein the pre-stored map of the refractive index error amount versus the temperature is obtained by specifically,
Measuring reflection spectrums at a plurality of groups of different temperatures by taking 3 ℃ as a step length;
demodulating the reflection spectrum of the FPI at different temperatures according to a demodulation formula to obtain refractive index error amount data at different temperatures;
and drawing a relation diagram of the refractive index error amount and the temperature according to the plurality of groups of refractive index error amount and temperature data, and pre-storing the relation diagram.
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