CN117900377A - Multi-material point-by-point voxel coplanar forming additive manufacturing method and device - Google Patents

Multi-material point-by-point voxel coplanar forming additive manufacturing method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117900377A
CN117900377A CN202311752522.2A CN202311752522A CN117900377A CN 117900377 A CN117900377 A CN 117900377A CN 202311752522 A CN202311752522 A CN 202311752522A CN 117900377 A CN117900377 A CN 117900377A
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Prior art keywords
sand
pen
sanding
spreading
point
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CN202311752522.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨浩秦
单忠德
时皓铭
闫丹丹
罗磊
梁校
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Nanjing University Of Aeronautics And Astronautics Wuxi Research Institute
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University Of Aeronautics And Astronautics Wuxi Research Institute
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Priority to CN202311752522.2A priority Critical patent/CN117900377A/en
Publication of CN117900377A publication Critical patent/CN117900377A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for manufacturing multi-material voxel coplanar forming additive, which comprise a printer shell, a printer bracket, a sand spreader, a sand storage tank, a sand spreading arm, a sand spreading pen warehouse, a multi-material recycling groove and the like. According to the invention, the design casting mould is divided into multiple areas, and different material marks are given after slicing. When powder is paved, firstly, a layer of molding sand serving as a main material is paved on a printing platform by a sand paving device; then, the sand spreading arm drives the sand spreading pen to absorb excessive material molding sand in the second material area, and the required material molding sand is spread; after the suction and discharge of the second material area are finished, discharging the redundant materials in the sand-spreading pen and the pipeline thereof completely, and driving the sand-spreading pen to suck and discharge the third material area by the sand-spreading arm; and the like, finishing the laying of the material in the printing area. The device and the method can realize the rapid and integrated forming of the multi-material sand mould (core) and complete the manufacture of the multi-functional, multi-gradient and high-performance sand mould (core).

Description

Multi-material point-by-point voxel coplanar forming additive manufacturing method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sand mould additive manufacturing, in particular to a multi-material point-by-point voxel coplanar forming additive manufacturing method and device.
Background
The sand mould additive manufacturing technology is to spray an adhesive at a forming position, realize powder bonding through physical change, chemical reaction and the like, and stack layers to form a formed piece. However, most of sand mould additive manufacturing is formed by single material, and multi-material powder spreading is also used for realizing material change between different layers or spreading different materials by dividing the same layer in a simple area. The method can not realize fine laying of various materials in any shape, any position and any micro area, and can not realize complex sand molding of multifunctional, multi-gradient and composite materials. The existing multi-material sanding device and method have the following problems:
(1) Single-layer multi-material paving cannot be realized, and materials can be replaced only when a new layer is paved;
(2) When a single-layer multi-material is paved, only a large-area second material paving with a simple shape area can be realized, and multi-material paving with a complex shape and a fine structure cannot be formed;
(3) The device is complex and not flexible to operate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a multi-material point-by-point voxel coplanar forming additive manufacturing method and device, which can realize flexible and accurate multi-material laying and complex sand mold manufacturing of multi-functional, multi-gradient and composite materials.
A multi-material point-by-point voxel coplanar forming additive manufacturing method and device comprises a printer shell for protecting an internal structure; a printing platform capable of freely lifting; a printing nozzle for spraying adhesive; a sand spreader for spreading a main material; a sand spreading arm and a sand spreading pen for spreading other materials; recovery tank and the many materials recovery tank of recovery unnecessary material provide the sand storage jar and the many materials sand storage jar of material.
Further, the sanding arm can drive the sanding pen to move in the x, y and z directions and correspondingly rotate, and the moving range of the sanding pen covers the whole printing platform, the recycling tank, the multi-material recycling tank and the sanding pen warehouse. The sand spreading arm is internally provided with two pipelines, one is used for spreading sand, the other is used for sucking and discharging waste sand, and the sand spreading pipeline is provided with an ultrasonic vibrator at the part close to the sand spreading pen to assist the sand spreading pen to spread sand.
Further, the sand storage tank is used for storing molding sand of main materials, and the bottom of the sand storage tank is connected to a sand paving groove of the sand paving device through a pipeline; the sand spreader mainly comprises a sand spreading groove, a sand spreading roller and a sand spreader outer frame, and integrates sand spreading, compacting and scraping functions.
Further, the inner part of the sanding pen is divided into two pipelines which correspond to a sanding opening and a sand return opening which are arranged at the position of the pen point; the sand spreading port provides molding sand and auxiliary sand spreading through a vacuum sand feeding device and an ultrasonic vibrator; the sand return port is used for removing redundant molding sand through a vacuum sand feeding device; the shapes and the sizes of the sanding pen, the sanding opening and the sand returning opening are various types so as to adapt to different working conditions; the sanding pen and the sanding arm are fixed by mechanical and electric clamping, and positioning threads on the sanding pen are used for positioning the pipeline inside the sanding pen to correspond to the pipeline in the sanding arm correctly.
Further, the sanding pen warehouse is characterized in that the cutter is protected by the pen warehouse protective door, the external environment is isolated, and the pen warehouse protective door is opened only when the sanding pen is replaced; the sanding pen warehouse is internally provided with a sanding pen groove, and the sanding pen groove is internally provided with an electric clamping groove for placing sanding pens of different models.
Further, the multi-material sand storage tank is mainly divided into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a multi-material sand storage tank for storing molding sand of different materials, a gravity sensor is arranged in the tank for monitoring the quantity of sand in the tank and the quantity of sand discharged each time, and each tank is provided with an electromagnetic switch; the lower part is a sand mixing area, when a plurality of materials are required to be mixed, the materials with different proportions are placed in the sand mixing area, high-pressure air flow is introduced into the air holes, and the different materials are uniformly mixed; the multi-material sand storage tank conveys sand into a sand feeding pipeline of the sand paving arm through the vacuum sand feeding device.
A method and a device for manufacturing multi-material point-by-point voxel coplanar forming additive are characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: according to the casting three-dimensional digital model, designing a sand mould three-dimensional digital model, performing multi-region division, performing layered slicing treatment, endowing different material identifications (slicing thickness: 0.3-1 mm is adjustable), and transmitting slicing data to a control system;
Step 2: resetting all moving parts to zero, and feeding sand to the sand spreader by the sand storage tank;
Step 3: firstly, paving main material molding sand on a printing platform by a sand paving device, and scraping redundant molding sand into a recovery groove;
Step 4: the sand spreading arm drives the sand spreading pen to move in the second material area, the sand returning port of the sand spreading pen sucks out the spread first material molding sand and discharges the first material molding sand into the multi-material sand returning groove, and then the sand spreading port starts to spread the second material molding sand under the assistance of the second material molding sand supplied by the multi-material sand storage tank and the ultrasonic vibrator.
Step 5: after the molding sand of the second material is laid, the sand laying arm moves the sand laying pen to the multi-material recovery groove, the redundant second material in the pipeline is discharged cleanly, and the sand layer on the printing platform is scraped by the sand laying roller again;
Step 6: repeating the steps 4-5, and paving the rest other materials in the corresponding areas;
step 7: after the laying of the sand layer is completed, the printing nozzle sprays the adhesive at the required forming position, and after the adhesive spraying is completed, the printing platform descends by one layer thickness height;
step 8: repeating the steps 3-7 until sand mould printing is completed;
step 9: lifting the printing platform to the top, cleaning loose sand, and taking out the sand mold;
Step 10: the machine is shut down.
Further, the material includes not only molding sand but also ceramic powder, metal powder, plastic, nylon, and the like.
Furthermore, the minimum wall thickness of the rest materials laid by the sand pen in the step 4 is more than or equal to 0.5mm. According to different materials and the thickness of the sand layer, the sand spreading pen has different vacuum degree, moving speed and thickness extending into the sand layer.
Further, when the sand-spreading arm needs to be replaced, the sand-spreading arm places the sand-spreading pen which is currently clamped into the corresponding sand-spreading pen groove, the sand-spreading pen is clamped by the electric clamping groove, the sand-spreading pen is loosened by the electric clamping groove on the sand-spreading arm, the sand-spreading pen is removed after rotating for a circle, then the sand-spreading pen is moved to the position of the sand-spreading pen which needs to be installed, and the sand-spreading pen can be installed by operating in the reverse sequence according to the steps.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention can realize flexible and accurate laying of various materials, not only laying of different materials in a large range and multiple areas, but also laying of geometric shapes with small range, complex curved surfaces and variable sizes. Complex sand molds of multi-function, multi-gradient, composite materials with multiple materials can be formed. And the sand pen has a plurality of sand pens, can realize the requirements under different working conditions, and improves the laying efficiency and accuracy. The multi-material sand storage tank not only can store various materials, but also can realize uniform mixing of different materials and different proportions, and further increases the range of the materials. Based on the combined sand sucking and spreading device, the multi-material sand storage tank and the sand feeding device of the mechanical arm and the sand spreading pen, the pen library for providing sand spreading pens with various models, the sand mold forming method and the like, the sand mold forming device can realize the forming printing of various materials at any position on a sand mold, and realize the sand mold forming of multi-material structure interaction, complex geometric shape, multi-gradient and function.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the internal structure of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the internal structure of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the sand spreader of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a sanding pen library of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a multi-material sand storage tank of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-material sand storage tank of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a sanding pen of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
List of reference numerals:
1-printer housing, 2-printer support, 3-sand storage tank, 4-sand spreader, 401-sand spreading groove, 402-sand spreading roller, 403-sand spreading outer frame, 5-sand spreading arm, 6-sand spreading pen, 601-sand spreading port, 602-sand return port, 603-positioning screw thread, 7-sand spreading pen warehouse, 701-pen warehouse protective door, 702-sand spreading pen groove, 8-multi-material recovery groove, 9-printing platform, 10-recovery groove, 11-multi-material sand storage tank, 1101-air hole, 1102-multi-material sand storage groove, 1103-sand mixing area, 1104-gravity sensor, 1105-electromagnetic switch, 12-vacuum sand feeding device, 13-printing spray head and 14-sliding guide rail.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated in the following drawings and detailed description, which are to be understood as being merely illustrative of the invention and not limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
Fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3 are schematic views showing the overall appearance and the internal structure of a multi-material point-by-point voxel co-planar forming additive manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment. The printer mainly comprises a printer shell 1, a printer bracket 2, a sand storage tank 3, a sand spreader 4, a sand spreading arm 5, a sand spreading pen 6, a sand spreading pen warehouse 7, a multi-material recovery tank 8, a printing platform 9, a recovery tank 10, a multi-material sand storage tank 11, a vacuum sand feeder 12, a printing spray head 13 and a sliding guide rail 14.
The sanding arm 5 can drive the sanding pen 6 to move in the x, y and z directions and correspondingly rotate, and the movement range of the sanding pen covers the whole printing platform 9, the recycling tank 10, the multi-material recycling tank 8 and the sanding pen warehouse 7. Two pipelines are arranged in the sanding arm 5, one pipeline is used for feeding sand, the other pipeline is used for sucking and discharging waste sand, and an ultrasonic vibrator 501 is arranged at the part of the sand feeding pipeline close to the sanding pen 6 to assist the sanding pen 6 to sand.
The sand storage tank 3 is used for storing main materials, and the bottom of the sand storage tank is connected to a sand paving groove 401 of the sand paving device 4 through a pipeline; the sand spreader mainly comprises a sand spreading groove 401, a sand spreading roller 402 and a sand spreader outer frame 403, and integrates sand spreading, compacting and strickling functions.
The inner part of the sanding pen 6 is divided into two pipelines which correspond to a sanding port 601 and a sand return port 602 which are arranged at the position of the pen point; the shapes and the sizes of the sanding pen 6, the sanding port 601 and the sand return port 602 are various, so as to adapt to different working conditions; the sanding pen 6 and the sanding arm 5 are fixed by mechanical and electric clamping, and the positioning screw threads 603 on the sanding pen 6 are used for positioning the internal pipeline of the sanding pen 6 to correspond to the pipeline in the sanding arm 5 correctly.
The minimum wall thickness of the rest materials laid by the sanding pen 6 is more than or equal to 0.5mm. The sand pen 6 has different vacuum degree, moving speed and thickness extending into the sand layer according to different materials and sand layer thickness
The sanding pen container 7 is protected by a pen container protective door 701 to protect cutters from the external environment, and the pen container protective door 701 is opened only when the sanding pen 6 is replaced; the sanding pen warehouse 7 is internally provided with a sanding pen groove 702, and the sanding pen groove 702 is internally provided with an electric clamping groove for placing sanding pens 6 of different models.
When the sanding pen 6 needs to be replaced by the sanding arm 5, the sanding pen 6 which is currently clamped by the sanding arm 5 is placed in the corresponding sanding pen groove 702, the sanding pen 6 is clamped by the electric clamping groove, the sanding pen 6 is loosened by the electric clamping groove on the sanding arm 5, the sanding pen 6 is removed after rotating for one circle, then the sanding pen 6 is moved to the position of the sanding pen 6 which needs to be installed, and the novel sanding pen 6 can be installed by operating in reverse order according to the steps.
The multi-material sand storage tank 11 is mainly divided into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a multi-material sand storage tank 1102 for storing different materials, a gravity sensor 1104 is arranged in the tank for monitoring the quantity of sand in the tank and the quantity of sand discharged each time, and an electromagnetic switch 1105 is arranged in each tank; the lower part is a sand mixing area 1103, when a plurality of materials are required to be mixed, the materials with different proportions are placed in the sand mixing area 1103, and high-pressure air flow is introduced into the air hole 1101 to uniformly mix the different materials; the multi-material sand storage tank 11 conveys sand into a sand feeding pipeline of the sand paving arm 5 through the vacuum sand feeding device 12.
The method and the device can not only form various molding sand materials, but also form ceramic powder, metal powder, plastic, nylon and other materials.
The invention relates to a multi-material point-by-point voxel coplanar forming additive manufacturing method, which comprises the following implementation steps:
Step 1: according to the casting three-dimensional digital model, designing a sand mould three-dimensional digital model, performing multi-region division, performing layered slicing treatment, endowing different material identifications (slicing thickness: 0.3-1 mm is adjustable), and transmitting slicing data to a control system;
Step 2: resetting all moving parts to zero, and feeding sand to a sand spreader 4 by a sand storage tank 3;
step 3: the sand spreader 4 firstly spreads the molding sand of the main material on the printing platform 9 and scrapes the redundant molding sand into the recovery tank 10;
step 4: the sanding arm 5 drives the sanding pen 6 to move in the second material area, the sanding pen sand return port 602 sucks out the paved first material sand and discharges the paved first material sand into the multi-material sand return tank 5, and then the sanding port 601 starts paving the second material sand under the assistance of the second material sand and the ultrasonic vibrator supplied by the multi-material sand storage tank 11.
Step 5: after the molding sand of the second material is laid, the sand laying arm 5 moves the sand laying pen 6 to the multi-material recovery groove 8, the redundant second material in the pipeline is discharged cleanly, and the sand layer on the printing platform 9 is scraped by the sand laying roller 402 again;
Step 6: repeating the steps 4-5, and paving the rest other materials in the corresponding areas;
step 7: after the laying of the sand layer is completed, the printing nozzle 13 sprays the adhesive at the required forming position, and after the spraying of the adhesive is completed, the printing platform descends by one layer thickness height;
step 8: repeating the steps 3-7 until sand mould printing is completed;
step 9: lifting the printing platform to the top, cleaning loose sand, and taking out the sand mold;
Step 10: the machine is shut down.
The technical means disclosed by the scheme of the invention is not limited to the technical means disclosed by the embodiment, and also comprises the technical scheme formed by any combination of the technical features.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-material point-by-point voxel coplanar forming additive manufacturing device comprises a printer shell (1), a printer bracket (2), a sand storage tank (3) and a sand spreader (4); the method is characterized in that: the device also comprises a sanding arm (5), a sanding pen (6), a sanding pen warehouse (7), a multi-material recycling tank (8), a printing platform (9), a recycling tank (10), a multi-material sand storage tank (11), a vacuum sand feeder (12), a printing spray head (13) and a sliding guide rail (14); the recovery groove (10) is arranged on the side wall surface of the printing platform (9); a sliding guide rail (14) is arranged on the printer bracket (2) for the sand spreader (4) to move and spread sand; the printing spray head (13) is arranged on the sand spreader (4) and can move on the sand spreader (4); the sanding pen warehouse (7) is arranged on the inner side wall of the printer shell (1); the sanding arm (5) is arranged on the inner side wall of the printer shell (1) and is opposite to the sanding pen warehouse (7); the top of the inside of the printer shell (1) is respectively provided with a sand storage tank (3) and a multi-material sand storage tank (11); the multi-material recovery groove (8) is arranged below the sand spreading arm (5); the bottom of the sanding arm (5) is connected with a sanding pen (6).
2. The multi-material point-by-point voxel co-planar shaped additive manufacturing device of claim 1, wherein: the sanding arm (5) can drive the sanding pen (6) to move in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction and correspondingly rotate, and the movement range of the sanding pen covers the whole printing platform (9), the recycling tank (10), the multi-material recycling tank (8) and the sanding pen warehouse (7); the sand spreading arm (5) is internally provided with two pipelines, one pipeline is used for spreading sand, the other pipeline is used for sucking and discharging waste sand, the sand spreading pipeline is provided with an ultrasonic vibrator (501) at the part close to the sand spreading pen (6), and the sand spreading pen (6) is assisted to spread sand.
3. The multi-material point-by-point voxel co-planar shaped additive manufacturing method and apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the sand storage tank (3) is used for storing molding sand of main materials, and a pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the sand storage tank and is connected to a sand paving groove (401) of the sand paving device (4); the sand spreader mainly comprises a sand spreading groove (401), a sand spreading roller (402) and a sand spreader outer frame (403), and integrates sand spreading, compacting and strickling functions.
4. The multi-material point-by-point voxel co-planar shaped additive manufacturing device of claim 1, wherein: the inner part of the sanding pen (6) is provided with two pipelines which correspond to a sanding opening (601) and a sand return opening (602) which are arranged at the position of the pen point; the sand spreading port (601) provides molding sand and auxiliary sand spreading through the vacuum sand feeding device (12) and the ultrasonic vibrator (501); the sand return port (602) is used for removing redundant sand through a vacuum sand feeding device (12); the shapes and the sizes of the sanding pen (6), the sanding port (601) and the sand return port (602) are various, so as to adapt to different working conditions; the sanding pen (6) and the sanding arm (5) are fixed by mechanical and electric clamping, and positioning threads (603) on the sanding pen (6) are used for positioning the internal pipeline of the sanding pen (6) to correspond to the pipeline in the sanding arm (5) correctly.
5. The multi-material point-by-point voxel co-planar shaped additive manufacturing device of claim 1, wherein: the sanding pen warehouse (7) is characterized in that a cutter is protected by a pen warehouse protective door (701), the external environment is isolated, and the pen warehouse protective door (701) is opened only when the sanding pen (6) is replaced; the sanding pen warehouse (7) is internally provided with a sanding pen groove (702), and the sanding pen groove (702) is internally provided with an electric clamping groove for placing sanding pens (6) of different models.
6. The multi-material point-by-point voxel co-planar shaped additive manufacturing device of claim 1, wherein: the multi-material sand storage tank (11) is mainly divided into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is provided with a multi-material sand storage tank (1102) for storing molding sand of different materials, a gravity sensor (1104) is arranged in the tank for monitoring the quantity of sand in the tank and the quantity of sand discharged each time, and each tank is provided with an electromagnetic switch (1105); the lower part is a sand mixing area (1103), when a plurality of materials are required to be mixed, the materials with different proportions are placed in the sand mixing area (1103), high-pressure air flow is introduced into the air hole (1101), and the different materials are uniformly mixed; the multi-material sand storage tank (11) conveys sand into a sand feeding pipeline of the sand spreading arm (5) through the vacuum sand feeding device (12).
7. A method for manufacturing a multi-material point-by-point voxel coplanar forming additive, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step 1: according to the casting three-dimensional digital model, a sand mould three-dimensional digital model is designed, multi-region division is carried out, layering slicing treatment is carried out, different material marks are given, and slicing thickness is achieved: transmitting slice data to a control system at 0.3 mm-1 mm;
step 2: resetting all moving parts to zero, and feeding sand to a sand spreading device (4) by a sand storage tank (3);
Step 3: firstly, paving main material molding sand on a printing platform (9) by a sand paving device (4), and scraping redundant molding sand into a recovery groove (10);
Step 4: the sand spreading arm (5) drives the sand spreading pen (6) to move in the second material area, the sand spreading pen sand returning port (602) sucks out the spread first material sand and discharges the first material sand into the multi-material sand returning groove (8), and then the sand spreading port (601) starts to spread the second material sand under the assistance of the second material sand supplied by the multi-material sand storage tank (11) and the ultrasonic vibrator;
Step 5: after the molding sand of the second material is laid, the sand laying arm (5) moves the sand laying pen (6) to the multi-material recovery groove (8), the redundant second material in the pipeline is discharged cleanly, and the sand laying roller (402) scrapes the sand layer on the printing platform (9) again;
Step 6: repeating the steps 4-5, and paving the rest other materials in the corresponding areas;
step 7: after the sand layer is laid, the printing nozzle (13) sprays the adhesive at the required forming position, and after the adhesive spraying is finished, the printing platform descends by one layer thickness;
step 8: repeating the steps 3-7 until sand mould printing is completed;
step 9: lifting the printing platform to the top, cleaning loose sand, and taking out the sand mold;
Step 10: the machine is shut down.
8. A multi-material point-by-point voxel co-planar shaped additive manufacturing method of claim 7; the method is characterized in that: the material not only comprises molding sand, but also comprises ceramic powder, metal powder, plastic and nylon.
9. The multi-material point-by-point voxel co-planar shaped additive manufacturing method of claim 7, wherein: the minimum wall thickness of the rest materials paved by the sanding pen (6) in the step 4 is more than or equal to 0.5mm; according to different materials and sand layer thickness, the sand spreading pen (6) has different vacuum degree, moving speed and thickness extending into the sand layer for sucking sand and discharging sand.
10. The multi-material point-by-point voxel co-planar shaped additive manufacturing method of claim 7, wherein: step 4, when the sanding pen (6) needs to be replaced by the sanding arm (5), the sanding pen (6) which is currently clamped is placed in the corresponding sanding pen groove (702) by the sanding arm (5), the sanding pen (6) is clamped by the electric clamping groove, the sanding pen (6) is loosened by the electric clamping groove on the sanding arm (5), the sanding pen (6) is removed after rotating for a circle, then the sanding pen (6) is moved to the position of the sanding pen (6) which needs to be installed, and the novel sanding pen (6) can be installed by operating in the reverse sequence according to the steps.
CN202311752522.2A 2023-12-19 2023-12-19 Multi-material point-by-point voxel coplanar forming additive manufacturing method and device Pending CN117900377A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311752522.2A CN117900377A (en) 2023-12-19 2023-12-19 Multi-material point-by-point voxel coplanar forming additive manufacturing method and device

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311752522.2A CN117900377A (en) 2023-12-19 2023-12-19 Multi-material point-by-point voxel coplanar forming additive manufacturing method and device

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CN117900377A true CN117900377A (en) 2024-04-19

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