CN117868755A - Marine natural gas hydrate storage and production combined device and method - Google Patents
Marine natural gas hydrate storage and production combined device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117868755A CN117868755A CN202311308614.1A CN202311308614A CN117868755A CN 117868755 A CN117868755 A CN 117868755A CN 202311308614 A CN202311308614 A CN 202311308614A CN 117868755 A CN117868755 A CN 117868755A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Natural gas hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas hydrate exploitation, in particular to a marine natural gas hydrate storage and production combined device and a marine natural gas hydrate storage and production combined method. The first horizontal production well, the second horizontal production well and the third horizontal production well are sequentially arranged at intervals along the surface depth and are sequentially arranged in the hydrate layer, the mixed layer and the gaseous hydrocarbon layer respectively. Each horizontal exploitation well is communicated with the offshore drilling platform through a conveying pipeline, and a pressure pump is arranged at one end of each horizontal exploitation well, which is close to the conveying pipeline. When the natural gas is produced, the pressure in the well is reduced by adjusting the pressure pumps on different horizontal production wells, so that the purpose of producing the natural gas is achieved. Meanwhile, different horizontal wells are respectively arranged for different reservoirs so as to adapt to different exploitation methods, wherein a hydrate layer adopts a depressurization and replacement combined exploitation method; the mixed layer adopts a depressurization and heat injection combined mining method based on reservoir transformation; the gaseous hydrocarbon layer adopts a depressurization exploitation method, so that the exploitation efficiency of natural gas in the reservoir is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas hydrate exploitation, in particular to a marine natural gas hydrate storage and production combined device and a marine natural gas hydrate storage and production combined method.
Background
Natural gas hydrates, also known as "combustible ice," are a type of ice-like crystalline material formed from water molecules and natural gas molecules under specific low temperature, high pressure conditions. The natural gas hydrate of 1 cubic meter can release 160-180 cubic meters of natural gas under the standard state, and the global natural gas hydrate is equal to twice the total carbon content of the conventional fossil fuel found on the earth, so the natural gas hydrate is hopeful to change the existing energy structure mainly comprising non-clean energy such as coal, petroleum and the like, and the research on the exploitation of the natural gas hydrate is highly valued in all countries of the world at present.
At present, various mining methods are internationally implemented to perform natural gas hydrate test mining, wherein a depressurization method is widely applied due to the characteristics of low cost and high efficiency, and the pressure of a natural gas hydrate reservoir is reduced to enable the reservoir pressure to be below the natural gas hydrate phase equilibrium pressure so as to promote the decomposition of the natural gas hydrate, thereby realizing the mining of the natural gas hydrate. However, the conventional natural gas hydrate exploitation method at present has the defects of low energy exploitation rate and high energy consumption of a reservoir, and how to improve the exploitation level of the natural gas hydrate and realize the commercial exploitation of the natural gas hydrate becomes a hot topic of concern in various countries. In 2020, the second test production of the natural gas hydrate in south China sea shows that the saturation, the effective porosity and the permeability of the natural gas hydrate are obviously different along with the increase of the logging depth, so that the natural gas hydrate reservoir in south China sea is divided into a hydrate layer, a mixed layer and a gaseous hydrocarbon layer. At present, the conventional depressurization exploitation method cannot effectively adjust the different situations of different hydrate reservoirs, so that the exploitation rate of the hydrate reservoirs is low, and how to efficiently exploit the characteristics of the different hydrate reservoirs improves the exploitation rate of the hydrate reservoirs in the south China sea, realizes the breakthrough of the energy production level of the natural gas hydrate, and is a difficult problem to be solved in the current commercial exploitation of the hydrate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for producing marine natural gas hydrate storage layer by layer with higher production efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a marine natural gas hydrate reservoir production device, which comprises a first horizontal production well, a second horizontal production well, a third horizontal production well and an offshore drilling platform;
the first horizontal production well is arranged in a hydrate layer, the second horizontal production well is arranged in a mixed layer, the third horizontal production well is arranged in a gaseous hydrocarbon layer, and the first horizontal production well, the second horizontal production well and the third horizontal production well are sequentially arranged at intervals along the surface depth; the first horizontal production well, the second horizontal production well and the third horizontal production well are respectively communicated with the offshore drilling platform through conveying pipelines; a first pressure pump is arranged at one end, close to the conveying pipeline, of the first horizontal exploitation well, a second pressure pump is arranged at one end, close to the conveying pipeline, of the second horizontal exploitation well, and a third pressure pump is arranged at one end, close to the conveying pipeline, of the third horizontal exploitation well; and a plurality of wellbores are arranged on the bodies of the first horizontal production well, the second horizontal production well and the third horizontal production well.
Optionally, a first horizontal auxiliary well is arranged below the first horizontal production well at intervals, and a second horizontal auxiliary well is arranged below the second horizontal production well at intervals; the first horizontal auxiliary well and the second horizontal auxiliary well are respectively communicated with an offshore auxiliary platform through auxiliary conveying pipelines; the well bodies of the first horizontal auxiliary well and the second horizontal auxiliary well are respectively provided with a plurality of wellbores; the marine auxiliary platform is provided with a CO2 storage device, a fracturing fluid storage device and a heat storage material storage device, wherein the CO2 storage device is communicated with the first horizontal auxiliary well through an auxiliary conveying pipeline, the fracturing fluid storage device and the heat storage material storage device are respectively communicated with the second horizontal auxiliary well through the auxiliary conveying pipeline, and a plurality of fracturing filling nozzles are further arranged on the well body of the second horizontal auxiliary well.
Optionally, a fourth pressure pump is arranged at one end of the first horizontal auxiliary well close to the auxiliary conveying pipeline, and a fifth pressure pump is arranged at one end of the second horizontal auxiliary well close to the auxiliary conveying pipeline.
Optionally, the surface of the well body of the second horizontal auxiliary well is also provided with a hydraulic sensor, a microseismic system and an acoustic wave system.
Optionally, a flowmeter is arranged at the joint of the first horizontal production well and the conveying pipeline.
Optionally, the surface of the well body of the first horizontal exploitation well is also provided with a temperature measuring instrument, a laser radar and a pressure box, and the temperature measuring instrument, the laser radar and the pressure box are arranged at intervals.
Optionally, a data collection device is also included.
Optionally, a valve is arranged on the conveying pipeline.
The invention also provides a combined production method of the marine natural gas hydrate storage and production device, wherein the marine natural gas hydrate storage and production device is any one of the marine natural gas hydrate storage and production device, and the production method of the hydrate layer is depressurization and displacement combined production; the mining method of the mixed layer is depressurization and heat injection combined mining; the exploitation method of the gaseous hydrocarbon layer is a direct depressurization method; the hydrate layer, the mixed layer, and the gaseous hydrocarbon layer may be produced sequentially.
Optionally, the depressurization and displacement combined mining comprises the following steps:
s1, opening the first pressure pump of the first horizontal production well to perform depressurization production and collect natural gas;
s2, when the depressurization exploitation cannot continuously produce natural gas, the first pressure pump is closed, the CO2 storage device is opened, liquid CO2 is conveyed into the first horizontal auxiliary well through an auxiliary conveying pipeline, and the liquid CO2 is conveyed into a hydrate layer through the well hole on the first horizontal auxiliary well for substitution reaction;
the depressurization and heat injection combined mining comprises the following steps:
s1, opening the fracturing fluid storage device, conveying fracturing fluid to a fracturing filling nozzle on the second horizontal auxiliary well through the auxiliary conveying pipeline to fracture the mixed layer, and conveying propping agents to each fracture through the auxiliary conveying pipeline;
s2, after fracturing is completed, opening a heat storage material storage device, conveying the heat storage material into the second horizontal auxiliary well through the auxiliary conveying pipeline, and conveying the heat storage material into the mixed layer through the well hole on the second horizontal auxiliary well;
s3, opening the second pressure pump of the second horizontal exploitation well to reduce pressure, enabling the heat storage material in the reservoir to move towards the second horizontal exploitation well (2) under the action of pressure, enabling the heat storage material to be extruded by the reservoir to release heat in the moving process, monitoring the pressure and the temperature of the mixed layer through the data collecting device, and opening the valve on the conveying pipeline to collect natural gas when the pressure and the temperature reach the natural gas hydrate balance point;
the direct depressurization method comprises the following steps:
and S1, opening the third pressure pump of the third horizontal production well to perform depressurization production and collect natural gas.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following advantages:
according to the ocean natural gas hydrate reservoir production device and method, the first horizontal production well is arranged in the hydrate layer, the second horizontal production well is arranged in the mixed layer, the third horizontal production well is arranged in the gaseous hydrocarbon layer, and natural gas in reservoirs with three different depths can be produced by using different production methods respectively. Specifically, the first horizontal production well, the second horizontal production well and the third horizontal production well are sequentially arranged at intervals along the surface depth, so that different reservoirs can be prevented from affecting each other during production. In the exploitation process, each horizontal exploitation well is communicated with an offshore drilling platform through a conveying pipeline. A pressure pump is arranged at one end of each horizontal exploitation well close to the conveying pipeline; and a plurality of wellbores are arranged on the well body of each horizontal production well. Specifically, during exploitation, the pressure in the horizontal exploitation well is reduced by adjusting pressure pumps on different horizontal exploitation wells, so that the purpose of exploiting natural gas is achieved. Meanwhile, different horizontal wells are respectively arranged for different reservoirs so as to adapt to different exploitation methods, wherein the hydrate layer adopts a depressurization and replacement combined exploitation horizontal well device and method; the mixed layer adopts a depressurization and heat injection combined production horizontal well device and method based on reservoir transformation; the gaseous hydrocarbon layer adopts a depressurization exploitation horizontal well device and a depressurization exploitation horizontal well method, so that the exploitation efficiency of natural gas in the reservoir is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a marine natural gas hydrate reservoir production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first horizontal production well and a first horizontal auxiliary well in a hydrate layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second horizontal production well and a second horizontal auxiliary well in a mixed layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a third horizontal production well configuration in a gaseous hydrocarbon zone in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
1, a first horizontal production well; 11. a first pressure pump; 12. a first horizontal auxiliary well; 121. a fourth pressure pump; 13. a flow meter; 14. a temperature measuring instrument; 15. a laser radar; 16. a pressure cell; 2. a second horizontal production well; 21. a second pressure pump; 22. a second horizontal auxiliary well; 221. a fifth pressure pump; 222. fracturing a filling nozzle; 223. a hydraulic pressure sensor; 224. a microseismic system; 225. an acoustic wave system; 3. a third horizontal production well; 31. a third pressure pump; 4. an offshore drilling platform; 5. a wellbore; 6. an offshore auxiliary platform; 61. a CO2 storage device; 62. a fracturing fluid storage device; 63. a heat storage material storage device; 7. a data collection device; 8. and (3) a valve.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, a further description of the invention will be made. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as described herein; it will be apparent that the embodiments in the specification are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention.
The marine natural gas hydrate reservoir production device and the marine natural gas hydrate reservoir production method are described in detail by specific examples:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the marine natural gas hydrate reservoir production device provided by the invention comprises a first horizontal production well 1, a second horizontal production well 2, a third horizontal production well 3 and an offshore drilling platform 4;
the first horizontal production well 1 is arranged in a hydrate layer, the second horizontal production well 2 is arranged in a mixed layer, the third horizontal production well 3 is arranged in a gaseous hydrocarbon layer, and the first horizontal production well 1, the second horizontal production well 2 and the third horizontal production well 3 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the surface depth. The first horizontal production well 1, the second horizontal production well 2 and the third horizontal production well 3 are respectively communicated with the offshore drilling platform 4 through conveying pipelines. The first pressure pump 11 is arranged at one end of the first horizontal exploitation well 1 close to the conveying pipeline, the second pressure pump 21 is arranged at one end of the second horizontal exploitation well 2 close to the conveying pipeline, and the third pressure pump 31 is arranged at one end of the third horizontal exploitation well 3 close to the conveying pipeline. A plurality of wellbores 5 are arranged on the bodies of the first horizontal production well 1, the second horizontal production well 2 and the third horizontal production well 3.
The hydrate layer, the mixed layer and the gaseous hydrocarbon layer are distributed along the surface depth in sequence. Of course, there is also an overburden layer over the hydrate layer. In this embodiment, a monitoring device may be disposed on the upper soil layer to monitor the change condition of the upper soil layer, so as to prevent collapse and deformation. Specifically, the fiber bragg grating local displacement meter, the high-precision stress-strain sensor and the large-range settlement meter can be arranged on the upper surface of the upper soil layer, and the fiber bragg grating local displacement meter and the high-precision stress-strain sensor can continuously and effectively detect micro deformation and small deformation of the soil body and are used for detecting deformation and settlement conditions of the upper soil layer. The large-range settlement gauge can effectively collect large deformation of stratum and has an alarm function.
The above-mentioned horizontal directions of the first horizontal production well 1, the second horizontal production well 2 and the third horizontal production well 3 mean that the extending directions of the production wells are parallel to the sea level. Of course, it will be appreciated that a plurality of first horizontal production wells 1 may be provided in the hydrate layer, a plurality of second horizontal production wells 2 may be provided in the mixed layer, and a plurality of third horizontal production wells 3 may also be provided in the gaseous hydrocarbon layer, the plurality of horizontal wells being sequentially spaced apart along the depth of the earth surface. The first pressure pump 11 is arranged at one end, close to the conveying pipeline, of the first horizontal production well 1, the pressure in the production well can be reduced by adjusting the pressure pump, so that natural gas around the well body in the hydrate layer enters the production well through a plurality of wellbores 5 on the well body under the action of pressure difference, and the natural gas in the well is conveyed to the offshore drilling platform 4 through the conveying pipeline. The plurality of wellbores 5 may be evenly distributed along the circumference of the well body. Likewise, the second horizontal production well 2 in the mixed layer and the third horizontal production well 3 in the gaseous hydrocarbon layer can also produce natural gas by the same control method. In this embodiment, the first, second and third horizontal production wells 1, 2 and 3 may have the same structure, and the first, second and third pressure pumps 11, 21 and 31 may also have the same structure. Of course, it will be appreciated that the first pressure pump 11, the second pressure pump 21, and the third pressure pump 31 may be adjusted according to the characteristics of different reservoirs, so that the pressures in the first horizontal production well 1, the second horizontal production well 2, and the third horizontal production well 3 are different, so long as the natural gas can be collected to the greatest extent.
The plurality of conveying pipelines are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first horizontal production well 1, the second horizontal production well 2 and the third horizontal production well 3. That is, the first, second and third horizontal recovery wells 1, 2 and 3 are connected to the offshore drilling platform 4 through different transfer pipes, respectively, and a plurality of storage devices may be provided in the offshore drilling platform 4 for collecting natural gas in the hydrate layer, the mixed layer and the gaseous hydrocarbon layer, respectively. The pressure pump is arranged in the production well, and the starting and stopping of the horizontal production well can be controlled by adjusting the pressure, and the pressure in the well is adjusted. Furthermore, sand control screens can be additionally arranged in the wellbores 5 on each horizontal well, so that sand and stones in the reservoir can be prevented from entering the conveying pipeline to cause blockage.
When the production is required, a pressure pump on the horizontal production well is started, the pressure in the production well is regulated to be lower than the pressure in the reservoir, so that the natural gas in the reservoir enters the production well through the well hole 5 under the action of the pressure difference, and then the natural gas is conveyed to the offshore drilling platform 4 through a conveying pipeline.
According to the ocean natural gas hydrate reservoir layer production device and method, the first horizontal production well 1 is arranged in the hydrate layer, the second horizontal production well 2 is arranged in the mixed layer, and the third horizontal production well 3 is arranged in the gaseous hydrocarbon layer, so that natural gas in reservoirs with three different depths can be produced respectively. Specifically, the first horizontal production well 1, the second horizontal production well 2 and the third horizontal production well 3 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the surface depth, so that different reservoirs can not affect each other during production. In the exploitation process, a first horizontal exploitation well 1, a second horizontal exploitation well 2 and a third horizontal exploitation well 3 are respectively communicated with an offshore drilling platform 4 through a conveying pipeline, a first pressure pump 11 is arranged at one end, close to the conveying pipeline, of the first horizontal exploitation well 1, a second pressure pump 21 is arranged at one end, close to the conveying pipeline, of the second horizontal exploitation well 2, and a third pressure pump 31 is arranged at one end, close to the conveying pipeline, of the third horizontal exploitation well 3; a plurality of wellbores 5 are arranged on the bodies of the first horizontal production well 1, the second horizontal production well 2 and the third horizontal production well 3. Specifically, during exploitation, the pressure in the horizontal exploitation well is reduced by adjusting the pressure pumps on different horizontal exploitation wells, so that natural gas in a reservoir enters the exploitation well through the well holes on the surface of the exploitation well under the action of pressure difference, and then the natural gas in different exploitation wells is conveyed to the offshore drilling platform 4 for collection and utilization through conveying pipelines communicated with the exploitation well. Therefore, different exploitation wells are respectively arranged for different reservoirs so as to adapt to different exploitation methods, and further, the exploitation efficiency of natural gas in the reservoirs is improved.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a first horizontal auxiliary well 12 is provided at a lower interval of the first horizontal production well 1, and a second horizontal auxiliary well 22 is provided at a lower interval of the second horizontal production well 2. The first horizontal auxiliary well 12 and the second horizontal auxiliary well 22 are in communication with the offshore auxiliary platform 6 via auxiliary transfer pipes, respectively. A plurality of wellbores 5 are provided in the body of each of the first horizontal auxiliary well 12 and the second horizontal auxiliary well 22. The offshore auxiliary platform 6 is provided with a CO2 storage device 61, a fracturing fluid storage device 62 and a heat storage material storage device 63, the CO2 storage device 61 is communicated with the first horizontal auxiliary well 12 through an auxiliary conveying pipeline, the fracturing fluid storage device 62 and the heat storage material storage device 63 are respectively communicated with the second horizontal auxiliary well 22 through auxiliary conveying pipelines, and a plurality of fracturing filling nozzles 222 are further arranged on the well body of the second horizontal auxiliary well 22.
The first horizontal auxiliary well 12 is disposed in the hydrate layer and the second horizontal auxiliary well 22 is disposed in the mixed layer. The first horizontal auxiliary well 12 and the second horizontal auxiliary well 22 may be the same structure.
During the production process, when the first horizontal production well 1 is unable to continue producing natural gas or producing less natural gas, the first horizontal auxiliary well 12 may be activated to assist in continuing production. Specifically, the CO2 storage 61 on the offshore auxiliary platform 6 is opened, liquid CO2 is conveyed into the first horizontal auxiliary well 12 through the auxiliary conveying pipeline, then liquid CO2 is injected into the hydrate layer through the well hole 5 on the first horizontal auxiliary well 12, so that the pores of the hydrate layer are filled with CO2, then the pressure in the hydrate layer is regulated, specifically, a displacement reaction can be carried out between natural gas and CO2 in the hydrate layer under a set pressure condition by starting the pressure pump, and at the moment, natural gas can be continuously collected by regulating the pressure in the first horizontal production well 1.
Further, the CO2 hydrate reservoir formed after the replacement is completed has higher strength, namely a stable CO2 hydrate safety cover layer is formed, the formed safety cover layer can effectively bear the pressure of an overburden layer and a sea water layer, the phenomenon that the reservoir is settled or even collapses during subsequent exploitation is prevented, the infiltration of seawater above can be effectively reduced, the lower pore pressure of the reservoir is maintained, the gas production period during subsequent reservoir exploitation is prolonged, and the exploitation efficiency of the subsequent reservoir is improved.
It will be appreciated that the production method of the second horizontal production well 2 may be the same as that of the first horizontal production well 1, by adjusting the pressure pump on the well to create a pressure differential to force natural gas into the well and then collecting it through the transfer tubing to the offshore drilling platform 4. Specifically, the fracturing fluid storage 62 on the offshore assistance platform 6 is first opened, high pressure fracturing fluid is delivered to the second horizontal assistance well 22 through the assistance delivery conduit, and then delivered into the mixed layer through the frac fill jets 222 on the second horizontal assistance well 22. It will be appreciated that the frac fill ports 222 include a fracturing fluid port and a proppant port that when high pressure fracturing fluid is ejected through the fracturing fluid port causes the mixed layer to fracture to form a fracture. The proppants are then ejected through the proppant jets so that the fractures in the mixed layer are supported and thus more stable. Of course, it will be appreciated that a proppant storage device may be provided on the offshore auxiliary platform 6, with proppant being delivered into the second horizontal auxiliary well 22 via an auxiliary delivery conduit.
The fracturing fluid can be high-concentration concentrated seawater with the salinity of 8% -12%, can be extracted by evaporating and concentrating the seawater in the fracturing fluid storage device 62, and contains abundant ions, so that the secondary generation of hydrate can be inhibited.
The propping agent can be high-quality bauxite formed by sintering ceramics, and can enter cracks of the mixed layer along with high-pressure fracturing fluid, so that the cracks of fracturing can be supported, and the stability of the mixed layer is maintained.
After the fracturing is completed, the heat storage materials in the heat storage material storage device 63 on the offshore auxiliary platform 6 are conveyed into the second horizontal auxiliary well 22 through the auxiliary conveying pipeline, and then enter the mixed layer through the well holes 5 on the surface of the second horizontal auxiliary well 22. The pressure of the mixed layer is regulated, and the pressure can be specifically regulated through a pressure pump, so that the internal structure of the heat storage material is changed under the action of the pressure, heat is released, and the temperature of the mixed layer is increased. According to the phase equilibrium curve of the natural gas hydrate, when the pressure and temperature reach the natural gas hydrate phase equilibrium point, the natural gas hydrate starts to decompose, and thus the collection of natural gas can be started through the second horizontal production well 2. Thereby realizing the combined exploitation of depressurization and heat injection on the basis of reservoir transformation and effectively improving the gas production efficiency.
In some embodiments, the first horizontal auxiliary well 12 is provided with a fourth pressure pump 121 at an end thereof adjacent to the auxiliary transfer pipe, and the second horizontal auxiliary well 22 is provided with a fifth pressure pump 221 at an end thereof adjacent to the auxiliary transfer pipe.
The fourth pressure pump 121 and the fifth pressure pump 221 may adjust the pressure in the first horizontal auxiliary well 12 and the second horizontal auxiliary well 22, respectively. The pressure can be regulated by the fourth pressure pump 121 when the first horizontal production well 1 is damaged, whereby the first horizontal auxiliary well 12 is used instead of the first horizontal production well 1. Likewise, a second horizontal auxiliary well 22 may be used in place of the second horizontal production well 2.
Further, the surface of the well body of the second horizontal auxiliary well 22 is also provided with a hydraulic sensor 223, a microseismic system 224 and an acoustic wave system 225.
The hydraulic sensors 223 may be uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the fracturing filling nozzle 222 of the second horizontal auxiliary well 22 to monitor the hydraulic pressure change of the mixed layer during fracturing. The microseismic system 224 and the sonic system 225 may be placed on the exterior surface of the second horizontal auxiliary well 22 to monitor fracture development and propagation within the mixed layer during fracturing.
Further, a flowmeter 13 is arranged at the joint of the first horizontal production well 1 and the conveying pipeline.
The flow meter 13 may measure and record the amount of natural gas flow collected in the first horizontal production well 1 to determine if the first horizontal auxiliary well 12 needs to be activated. Of course, it will be appreciated that a flow meter 13 may be provided at the junction of the second horizontal production well 2 and the transfer conduit and a flow meter 13 may be provided at the junction of the third horizontal production well 3 and the transfer conduit to monitor the collection of natural gas within each horizontal production well.
In other embodiments, the surface of the well body of the first horizontal production well 1 is further provided with a temperature measuring instrument 14, a laser radar 15 and a pressure box 16, and the temperature measuring instrument 14, the laser radar 15 and the pressure box 16 are arranged at intervals. It will be appreciated, of course, that the thermometer 14, lidar 15 and pressure cell 16 may also be provided on the first horizontal auxiliary well 12 to monitor changes in the hydrate reservoir, although it may be used to replace the first horizontal production well 1 in the event of a failure of the first horizontal production well 1.
The temperature measuring instrument 14 adopts a wireless radio frequency technology as a communication mode, so that the temperature of each hydrate reservoir can be monitored more efficiently, and the temperature in the reservoir can be controlled more accurately to reach the phase equilibrium curve of natural gas. The lidar 15 is used to accurately obtain the deformation of the first horizontal production well 1 using laser scanning techniques. The pressure cell 16 may be used to determine the stress situation of the first horizontal production well 1. Thereby preventing the first horizontal production well 1 from being deformed and broken, and affecting the collection of natural gas. Of course, it will be appreciated that the above-described thermo detector 14, laser radar 15 and pressure cell 16 may be provided in each of the second horizontal production well 2, third horizontal production well 3, first horizontal auxiliary well 12 and second horizontal auxiliary well 22.
Further, the marine natural gas hydrate reservoir production device provided by the invention further comprises a data collection device 7.
The data collection device 7 may be a computer or other mobile terminal, as long as it can perform the functions of data collection and processing. The pressure and temperature of each reservoir can be monitored by the staff through the data collecting device 7, and according to the phase equilibrium curve of the natural gas hydrate, when the pressure and temperature reach the phase equilibrium point of the natural gas hydrate, the natural gas hydrate starts to decompose, and at the moment, each horizontal production well collects natural gas. Of course, the data collecting device 7 can also collect data transmitted by sensors such as a microseismic system, an acoustic system, a flowmeter and the like, so that changes of each horizontal well and each reservoir are monitored in real time, and construction safety is improved.
Further, a valve 8 is arranged on the conveying pipeline.
The operator can choose to turn on or off the collection of natural gas by opening or closing the valve 8 on the transfer line. The collection of natural gas from different reservoirs can also be selected by opening or closing valves 8 on the different transport lines. Of course, it is understood that the valve 8 may also be provided on the auxiliary conveying conduit.
The invention also provides a combined production method of the marine natural gas hydrate storage and production device, which comprises the marine natural gas hydrate storage and production device, wherein the production method of the hydrate layer is decompression and displacement combined production. The mining method of the mixed layer is depressurization and heat injection combined mining. The method of producing the gaseous hydrocarbon layer is a direct depressurization method. The hydrate layer, the mixed layer and the gaseous hydrocarbon layer may be produced sequentially.
The depressurization and displacement combined production refers to depressurization production of natural gas by the first horizontal production well 1 in the hydrate layer, and liquid CO2 released in the first horizontal auxiliary well 12 and the natural gas undergo a displacement reaction so as to decompose more natural gas, thereby improving the production efficiency.
The depressurization and heat injection combined exploitation refers to depressurization exploitation of natural gas by the second horizontal exploitation well 2 in the mixed layer, the heat storage material released in the second horizontal auxiliary well 22 changes its internal structure under the action of pressure to release heat, and more natural gas is decomposed when the pressure and the temperature reach the phase equilibrium curve of the natural gas, so that the exploitation efficiency is further improved.
The above-described direct depressurization method refers to the collection of natural gas directly from the third horizontal recovery well 3 in the gaseous hydrocarbon layer by adjusting the third pressure pump 31.
In this embodiment, the hydrate layer, the mixed layer, and the gaseous hydrocarbon layer may be produced sequentially. I.e. the hydrate layer is mined first, then the mixed layer is mined, and finally the gaseous hydrocarbon layer is mined. Of course, it is also possible to first produce the hydrate layer and then produce the mixed layer and the gaseous hydrocarbon layer simultaneously. The production of the hydrate layer can form a CO2 safety cover layer, and the three layers of hydrate layers and the horizontal well therein are not easy to deform and incline due to the good protection effect.
Specifically, the combined mining of depressurization and replacement comprises the following steps:
and S1, opening a first pressure pump 11 of the first horizontal production well 1 to perform depressurization production, gradually reducing the pressure of the hydrate layer under the action of pressure difference, when the pressure of the hydrate layer reaches the natural gas hydrate phase equilibrium pressure, decomposing the natural gas hydrate, collecting the decomposed natural gas into the first horizontal production well 1 through a well hole 5 on the surface of the first horizontal production well 1, opening a valve 8 on a conveying pipeline connected with the first horizontal production well 1, and finally collecting the natural gas into an offshore drilling platform 4.
And S2, when the depressurization exploitation cannot continuously produce natural gas, the first pressure pump 11 is closed, the CO2 storage device 61 is opened, liquid CO2 is conveyed into the first horizontal auxiliary well 12 through an auxiliary conveying pipeline, the liquid CO2 is conveyed into a hydrate layer through a borehole 5 on the first horizontal auxiliary well 12, the temperature of the hydrate layer is measured through a thermometer 14 on the surface of the first horizontal auxiliary well 12, the pressure is controlled by a fourth pressure pump 121 on the surface of the first horizontal auxiliary well 12 to be within the CO2 hydrate phase equilibrium pressure under the temperature, the replacement reaction of CO2 and natural gas hydrate is promoted, the replaced natural gas is collected into the first horizontal auxiliary well 1 through the borehole 5 on the surface of the first horizontal auxiliary well 1, and finally the replaced natural gas is collected into the offshore drilling platform 4 through the conveying pipeline.
The depressurization and heat injection combined mining comprises the following steps:
and S1, opening a fracturing fluid storage device 62, and conveying the fracturing fluid to a fracturing filling nozzle 222 on the second horizontal auxiliary well 22 through an auxiliary conveying pipeline so as to fracture the mixed layer. Therefore, the three hydrate layers are communicated, and propping agents are conveyed to the positions of all the cracks through the auxiliary conveying pipelines to support all the cracks, so that the cracks are more stable.
And S2, after the fracturing is completed, opening the heat storage material storage device 63, conveying the heat storage material into the second horizontal auxiliary well 22 through the auxiliary conveying pipeline, and conveying the heat storage material into the mixed layer through the well hole 5 on the second horizontal auxiliary well 22.
And S3, opening a second pressure pump 21 of the second horizontal exploitation well 2 to reduce pressure, and moving the heat storage material in the mixed layer to the direction of the second horizontal exploitation well 2 under the action of pressure, wherein the heat storage material is extruded by the storage layer in the moving process. Thereby the internal structure of the heat storage material is changed, heat is released, and the temperature in the mixed layer is gradually increased. The pressure and temperature of the mixed layer are monitored by means of a data collection device 7. According to the phase equilibrium curve of the natural gas hydrate, when the pressure and the temperature reach the phase equilibrium point of the natural gas hydrate, the natural gas hydrate starts to decompose, and as the three layers of reservoirs are communicated, the middle lower part of the hydrate layer and the middle upper part of the gaseous hydrocarbon layer also start to decompose natural gas, so that the valve 8 on the conveying pipeline is opened and all the gas generated around the horizontal exploitation well starts to be extracted until the exploitation target of the mixed layer is completed or the mixed layer cannot continuously produce natural gas, the valve 8 on the conveying pipeline is closed, and the exploitation of the next reservoir is carried out.
The direct depressurization method comprises the following steps:
and S1, opening a third pressure pump 31 of the third horizontal production well 3 to reduce the pressure, monitoring the pressure of the gaseous hydrocarbon layer through a pressure box 16 on the surface of the third horizontal production well 3, opening a valve 8 on a conveying pipeline connected with the gaseous hydrocarbon layer at the moment, and starting to extract natural gas around the third horizontal production well 3 until the hydrate production target of the current area is completed.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown and described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The marine natural gas hydrate reservoir production device is characterized by comprising a first horizontal production well (1), a second horizontal production well (2), a third horizontal production well (3) and an offshore drilling platform (4);
the first horizontal production well (1) is arranged in a hydrate layer, the second horizontal production well (2) is arranged in a mixed layer, the third horizontal production well (3) is arranged in a gaseous hydrocarbon layer, and the first horizontal production well (1), the second horizontal production well (2) and the third horizontal production well (3) are sequentially arranged at intervals along the surface depth; the first horizontal exploitation well (1), the second horizontal exploitation well (2) and the third horizontal exploitation well (3) are respectively communicated with the offshore drilling platform (4) through conveying pipelines; a first pressure pump (11) is arranged at one end, close to the conveying pipeline, of the first horizontal exploitation well (1), a second pressure pump (21) is arranged at one end, close to the conveying pipeline, of the second horizontal exploitation well (2), and a third pressure pump (31) is arranged at one end, close to the conveying pipeline, of the third horizontal exploitation well (3); and a plurality of wellbores (5) are arranged on the bodies of the first horizontal production well (1), the second horizontal production well (2) and the third horizontal production well (3).
2. The marine natural gas hydrate storage layer production device according to claim 1, wherein a first horizontal auxiliary well (12) is arranged below the first horizontal production well (1) at intervals, and a second horizontal auxiliary well (22) is arranged below the second horizontal production well (2) at intervals; the first horizontal auxiliary well (12) and the second horizontal auxiliary well (22) are respectively communicated with an offshore auxiliary platform (6) through auxiliary conveying pipelines; the well bodies of the first horizontal auxiliary well (12) and the second horizontal auxiliary well (22) are respectively provided with a plurality of wellbores (5); the marine auxiliary platform (6) is provided with a CO2 storage device (61), a fracturing fluid storage device (62) and a heat storage material storage device (63), the CO2 storage device (61) is communicated with the first horizontal auxiliary well (12) through an auxiliary conveying pipeline, the fracturing fluid storage device (62) and the heat storage material storage device (63) are respectively communicated with the second horizontal auxiliary well (22) through the auxiliary conveying pipeline, and a plurality of fracturing filling nozzles (222) are further arranged on the well body of the second horizontal auxiliary well (22).
3. The marine natural gas hydrate storage and production device according to claim 2, wherein a fourth pressure pump (121) is arranged at the end of the first horizontal auxiliary well (12) close to the auxiliary conveying pipeline, and a fifth pressure pump (221) is arranged at the end of the second horizontal auxiliary well (22) close to the auxiliary conveying pipeline.
4. The marine natural gas hydrate storage and production device according to claim 2, wherein the well body surface of the second horizontal auxiliary well (22) is further provided with a hydraulic sensor (223), a microseismic system (224) and an acoustic wave system (225).
5. Marine natural gas hydrate storage layer production device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first horizontal production well (1) is provided with a flow meter (13) at the connection with the transfer pipe.
6. The marine natural gas hydrate storage layer production device according to claim 1, wherein a thermo detector (14), a laser radar (15) and a pressure box (16) are further arranged on the surface of the well body of the first horizontal production well (1), and the thermo detector (14), the laser radar (15) and the pressure box (16) are arranged at intervals.
7. The marine natural gas hydrate storage and production device according to claim 1, further comprising a data collection device (7).
8. Marine natural gas hydrate storage and production device according to claim 1, characterized in that the delivery pipe is provided with a valve (8).
9. A combined production method of a marine natural gas hydrate storage and production device, which is characterized in that the marine natural gas hydrate storage and production device is a marine natural gas hydrate storage and production device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the production method of the hydrate layer is depressurization and displacement combined production; the mining method of the mixed layer is depressurization and heat injection combined mining; the exploitation method of the gaseous hydrocarbon layer is a direct depressurization method; the hydrate layer, the mixed layer, and the gaseous hydrocarbon layer may be produced sequentially.
10. The method of co-production of marine natural gas hydrate storage and co-production apparatus of claim 9, wherein the step of depressurizing, displacement co-production comprises the steps of:
s1, opening the first pressure pump (11) of the first horizontal production well (1) to perform depressurization production and collect natural gas;
s2, when the depressurization production cannot continuously produce natural gas, the first pressure pump (11) is closed, the CO2 storage device (61) is opened, liquid CO2 is conveyed into the first horizontal auxiliary well (12) through the auxiliary conveying pipeline, and liquid CO2 is conveyed into the hydrate layer through the well hole (5) on the first horizontal auxiliary well (12) for displacement reaction;
the depressurization and heat injection combined mining comprises the following steps:
s1, opening the fracturing fluid storage device (62), conveying fracturing fluid to the fracturing filling nozzle (222) on the second horizontal auxiliary well (22) through the auxiliary conveying pipeline to fracture the mixed layer, and conveying proppants to each fracture through the auxiliary conveying pipeline;
s2, after fracturing is completed, opening the heat storage material storage device (63), conveying the heat storage material into the second horizontal auxiliary well (22) through the auxiliary conveying pipeline, and conveying the heat storage material into the mixed layer through the well hole (5) on the second horizontal auxiliary well (22);
s3, opening the second pressure pump (21) of the second horizontal exploitation well (2) to reduce pressure, enabling the heat storage material in the reservoir to move towards the second horizontal exploitation well (2) under the action of pressure, enabling the heat storage material to be extruded by the reservoir to release heat in the moving process, monitoring the pressure and the temperature of the mixed layer through the data collecting device (7), and opening the valve (8) on the conveying pipeline to collect natural gas when the pressure and the temperature reach the natural gas hydrate phase balance point;
the direct depressurization method comprises the following steps:
s1, opening the third pressure pump (31) of the third horizontal production well (3) to perform depressurization production and collect natural gas.
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| EP2631422A2 (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-08-28 | Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna | Method of conjugated hydrocarbon gas extraction and storage CO2 in horizontal wellbores |
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| CN115929261A (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-04-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Marine natural gas hydrate multi-row horizontal well layered mining device and method |
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| EP2631422A2 (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-08-28 | Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna | Method of conjugated hydrocarbon gas extraction and storage CO2 in horizontal wellbores |
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