CN117866667B - Integrated anaerobic pyrolysis thermal gasification furnace - Google Patents
Integrated anaerobic pyrolysis thermal gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN117866667B CN117866667B CN202410276905.5A CN202410276905A CN117866667B CN 117866667 B CN117866667 B CN 117866667B CN 202410276905 A CN202410276905 A CN 202410276905A CN 117866667 B CN117866667 B CN 117866667B
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000034699 Vitreous floaters Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
- C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated anaerobic pyrolysis thermal gasification furnace, which particularly relates to the technical field of coal gasification, and comprises a gasification furnace, wherein a gas outlet is arranged at the top of the gasification furnace, a slag discharging component is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace, a steam pipe, a synthetic gas pipe and a coal powder input pipe are also arranged on the gas outlet, and an inward shrinking shielding structure is also arranged in the gasification furnace, so that a strong cyclone area and a cyclone edge area are formed by the cyclone by the inward shrinking shielding structure; the gasification furnace is also internally provided with a cyclone accelerating assembly. According to the invention, through the rotation of the rotary net drum, the rotation speed of the top air flow is accelerated, the rising speed of the vertical direction is not accelerated, at the moment, the residual coal dust particles which are not completely cracked in the fly ash are thrown into the receiving drum and gradually sink into the dense reaction zone for reaction until the coal dust is completely changed into the fly ash, the particle quality is reduced to the minimum, and the coal dust cannot be thrown out of the rotary net drum, so that the reaction efficiency on the coal dust is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal gasification, in particular to an integrated anaerobic pyrolysis thermal gasification furnace.
Background
The clean and efficient utilization of coal energy is promoted, in many carbon clean and efficient utilization technologies, coal classification conversion poly-generation technology regards coal as a common body of energy and resources, and through organically combining multiple technology processes (pyrolysis, gasification, combustion, synthesis and the like), the part with large difference of reactivity in the coal is classified and converted, so that the co-generation of gas fuel, liquid fuel, chemicals, heat, electricity and the like is realized in one system.
In the field of pulverized coal gasification, the coal catalytic gasification technology is an advanced third-generation coal gasification technology taking methane as a target product, and the technical principle is that coal gasification, shift, methanation and other reactions of coal and gasification medium take place simultaneously in one reactor under the action of a multifunctional catalyst.
In the gasification process of coal dust, the coal dust needs to be blown into a pyrolysis furnace, an oxidant nozzle and a steam nozzle simultaneously spray an oxidant and steam into the cyclone gasification furnace, the coal dust and the steam generate carbon-water gasification reaction in the anaerobic catalytic gasification furnace, mixed gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and the like are generated, purification and separation are carried out at the later stage, high-concentration methane is obtained, and circulating synthetic gas composed of the gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen and the like separated in the purification treatment process can be injected from the bottom of the gasification furnace so as to utilize the heat released by the reaction of the carbon monoxide and the hydrogen to provide heat required by the reaction for the carbon-water gasification reaction.
In order to ensure the full cracking of the coal powder, an upward cyclone airflow is required to be formed in the furnace by the oxidant nozzle, the steam nozzle, the synthesis gas nozzle and the like, so that the coal powder is driven to be fully and uniformly distributed in the furnace, the cracking effect is improved, and meanwhile, the airflow is required to ensure that the coal powder can be stored in the furnace for a certain time and then discharged or discharged along with the mixed gas, so that the full cracking of the coal powder is ensured.
During operation, coal dust is continuously input, small and cracked coal dust particles have upward movement trend under the action of cyclone air flow in the furnace, wherein the large and heavy coal dust particles can be thrown to the inner wall of the gasification furnace under the action of centrifugal force and can be kept in the furnace for a longer time to react until the cracking is completed to form small-particle coal dust, the small-particle coal dust is also driven upwards, and along with the continuation of the reaction, the small-particle fly ash (solid particles after the cracking of the coal dust are more easily driven by air flow because of the separation of cracking components, the density is lower than that of the coal dust), at the moment, if the cyclone air flow is larger, a lot of coal dust particles which are not completely cracked yet and have smaller volume are directly taken upwards to be separated from corresponding reaction areas and discharged together with output air, so that the treatment efficiency of equipment is reduced, and the cyclone air flow of a main reaction area in the furnace is not excessively large.
For a large-scale integrated gasifier, coal dust is continuously input, the total input amount is large, floating particles in the gasifier are gradually increased, and further generated fly ash is relatively more, the residence time of the fly ash in the gasifier is prolonged, the reaction space of uncleaved coal dust can be occupied, the pyrolysis reaction of new coal dust is influenced, and the use efficiency of equipment is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an integrated anaerobic pyrolysis thermal gasification furnace, which aims to solve the problems that: the increase of floating particles in the existing large-sized integrated gasifier can occupy the reaction space of uncleaved coal dust, affect the cracking reaction of new coal dust and reduce the service efficiency of equipment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an integrated anaerobic pyrolysis thermal gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace, wherein a gas outlet is arranged at the top of the gasification furnace, a slag discharging component is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace, a steam pipe, a synthetic gas pipe and a coal dust input pipe are further arranged on the gas outlet, a dense reaction area and a sparse reaction area are arranged in the gasification furnace, the synthetic gas pipe is connected with a plurality of cyclone branch pipes, each cyclone branch pipe is arranged below the dense reaction area, and when the cyclone branch pipe outputs synthetic gas, gas flows in the gasification furnace form cyclone;
The gasification furnace is internally provided with an inward shrinking shielding structure, the bottom of the inward shrinking shielding structure is provided with a shielding area with an inward shrinking diameter, and the shielding area is used for shielding air flow blown out of the cyclone branch pipe, so that the cyclone forms a strong cyclone area and a cyclone edge area;
Still be provided with the cyclone in the gasifier and accelerate the subassembly, the cyclone is accelerated the subassembly and is located sparse reaction zone, and the cyclone is accelerated the subassembly and is included rotatory net section of thick bamboo, and the outside fixedly connected with of rotatory net section of thick bamboo accepts a section of thick bamboo, accepts a section of thick bamboo and the inner wall normal running fit of gasifier, accepts the bottom of section of thick bamboo and be the opening, and rotatory net section of thick bamboo passes through actuating system's drive and rotates in the gasifier, and the rotational speed is greater than the cyclone speed that cyclone bleeder formed.
In a preferred embodiment, the pulverized coal input pipe is connected to the dense reaction zone, the synthetic gas pipe is communicated with each cyclone branch pipe through a distributing pipe, the distributing pipe is an annular pipeline, each cyclone branch pipe is obliquely upwards arranged inside the gasifier, the inner wall of the inward shrinking shielding structure is arranged to be conical, the inner wall of the rotary net barrel is fixedly connected with a plurality of flow poking convex strips, and a plurality of meshes are formed in the rotary net barrel.
In a preferred embodiment, the top of the rotary net barrel is provided with a first conical hopper, a second conical hopper is fixedly arranged in the rotary net barrel, the second conical hopper is positioned at the bottom of the first conical hopper, a bending flow channel is formed between the first conical hopper and the second conical hopper, after the air flow below the gasification furnace rises into the rotary net barrel, the air flow upwards flows out of the first conical hopper through the bending flow channel and is discharged through a coal gas outlet, a downward pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second conical hopper, and the downward pipe extends downwards to the upper part of the slag discharging assembly.
In a preferred embodiment, the flow width of the bending flow channel between the second conical hopper and the first conical hopper is smaller than the flow width between the rotary net drum and the second conical hopper, and an arc guide wall is arranged in the rotary net drum at a position corresponding to the top edge of the second conical hopper.
In a preferred embodiment, the second cone is provided with an ash blocking column inside, the ash blocking column is located at the center of the second cone, the outer wall of the ash blocking column is a smooth surface, the ash blocking column is fixedly connected with the lower pipe through a suspension strut member, the bottom of the suspension strut member is fixedly connected with the lower pipe, and the suspension strut member is an elastic component.
In a preferred embodiment, the ash blocking column is of a conical structure, the top diameter of the ash blocking column is larger than the bottom diameter of the ash blocking column, the top edge of the ash blocking column is fixedly connected with a plurality of micro-rotating blades, and when the ash blocking column rotates along with the rotary net barrel, the micro-rotating blades form downward air flow on the outer wall of the ash blocking column.
In a preferred embodiment, the driving system comprises a rotation driver, the top of the rotary net drum is fixedly connected with a driving shaft, the rotation driver is in transmission connection with the driving shaft, the rotation driver is used for driving the driving shaft to rotate, the driving system further comprises a lifting driver, the lifting driver is used for driving the rotation driver and the cyclone accelerating assembly to lift, and a sealing piece is arranged between the rotary net drum and the inner wall of the gasification furnace.
In a preferred embodiment, the top of the gasifier is fixedly provided with a radiator, the driving shaft is in contact with the radiator, a heat conduction connecting piece is arranged between the driving shaft and the cyclone accelerating assembly, a heat insulation layer is arranged in the second cone-shaped hopper, a movable groove is arranged in the ash blocking column, a movable ball is arranged in the movable groove, and the movable groove is a circular cavity with the diameter larger than that of the movable ball.
In a preferred embodiment, a gas shielding plate is arranged in the gasification furnace, the gas shielding plate is arranged in the gasification furnace in a rotating mode as shown in the figure, the gas shielding plate corresponds to the cyclone branch pipe, and when the gas shielding plate moves to the cyclone branch pipe, the output airflow of the cyclone branch pipe is shielded and redirected.
In a preferred embodiment, the gas shielding plate is connected to the swivel mount, the swivel mount is rotatably mounted in the gasifier, the drop tube penetrates the swivel mount downwards, a sliding key is fixedly mounted in the swivel mount, a long key groove is formed in the outer wall of the drop tube, and the sliding key is slidably mounted in the long key groove.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the cyclone is arranged to form a strong cyclone area and a cyclone edge area, the air flow kinetic energy of the cyclone edge area is smaller, large coal dust particles can gradually precipitate downwards, the retention time of the large coal dust is increased, the rotation speed of the top air flow is accelerated by the rotation of the rotary net drum, the vertical rising speed is not accelerated, at the moment, the residual coal dust particles which are not completely cracked in the fly ash are thrown into the receiving drum and gradually sink into the dense reaction area to react until the fly ash is completely changed into the fly ash, the particle quality is reduced to the minimum, and the particles cannot be thrown out in the rotary net drum, so that the reaction efficiency to the coal dust is greatly improved, the equipment energy consumption is reduced, and the use efficiency of the equipment is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the distribution of the internal area of the gasification furnace according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a part of the structure of fig. 3 according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is a top view of each cyclone branching pipe of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the cyclonic accelerating assembly of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the cyclonic acceleration assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the portion a of fig. 6 according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the ash blocking column of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a top view of the movable trough of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of the B section structure of fig. 6 according to the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the mask of the present invention.
The reference numerals are: 1. a gasification furnace; 11. a gas outlet; 12. a slag discharging component; 13. dense reaction zones; 14. a sparse reaction zone; 15. a strong cyclone zone; 16. a cyclonic edge region; 17. a retracted shielding structure; 2. a steam pipe; 3. synthesizing an air pipe; 31. a cyclone branching pipe; 32. a dispensing tube; 4. a pulverized coal input pipe; 5. a cyclone acceleration assembly; 51. rotating the net drum; 511. a flow-pulling convex strip; 52. a receiving cylinder; 53. a first cone hopper; 54. a second cone bucket; 541. a thermal insulation layer; 55. lowering the pipe; 56. a drive shaft; 57. a heat sink; 6. a drive system; 61. a rotary driver; 62. a lifting driver; 7. an air shielding plate; 71. rotating base; 72. a sliding key; 8. an ash blocking column; 81. a suspension strut member; 82. a movable groove; 83. a movable ball; 84. and (3) a micro-rotating blade.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein it is to be understood that the following detailed description is for the purpose of further illustrating the application only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application, as various insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the application to those skilled in the art can be made in light of the foregoing disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1 to 12 of the specification, an integrated anaerobic pyrolysis hot gas gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace 1, wherein a gas outlet 11 is arranged at the top of the gasification furnace 1, a slag discharging component 12 is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace 1, a steam pipe 2, a synthetic gas pipe 3 and a coal dust input pipe 4 are also arranged on the gas outlet 11, a dense reaction zone 13 and a sparse reaction zone 14 are arranged in the gasification furnace 1, wherein the dense reaction zone 13 is a main high-temperature zone, a corresponding heating structure is arranged, the coal dust input pipe 4 is directly connected into the dense reaction zone 13, with the increase of the height in the gasification furnace, the upper temperature is relatively low, and the air flow in the gasification furnace 1 is also relatively weakened, floaters in the zone are mainly coal dust particles which are smaller in size and are not completely cracked, therefore, the zone forms a sparse reaction zone 14, referring to fig. 4 and 5 of the specification, the synthetic gas pipe 3 is connected with a plurality of branch pipes 31, the synthetic gas pipe 3 is communicated with each cyclone 31 through a distribution pipe 32, the branch pipes 31 are annular, each cyclone 31 is arranged below the dense reaction zone 13, and each cyclone 31 is inclined in the cyclone reaction zone 31, and can be gradually gasified in the cyclone furnace 1, and the cyclone air flow is gradually upwards arranged in the cyclone gasification furnace 1, and the cyclone air flow is gradually upwards gasified in the cyclone gasification furnace 1, and the cyclone 1 is fully gasified, and the cyclone air is fully gasified in the cyclone reaction zone is formed;
the gasification furnace 1 is internally provided with an inward shrinking shielding structure 17, the bottom of the inward shrinking shielding structure 17 is provided with a shielding area with an inward shrinking diameter, the shielding area is used for shielding the air flow blown out by the cyclone branch pipe 31 to enable the cyclone to form a strong cyclone area 15 and a cyclone edge area 16, wherein the strong cyclone area 15 is an area which is not shielded, so that the kinetic energy of the cyclone air flow is large, larger pulverized coal particles can be forcefully thrown to the inner wall of the gasification furnace 1, the area close to the inner wall of the gasification furnace 1 is shielded by the inward shrinking shielding structure 17, the formed cyclone edge area 16 has smaller kinetic energy of the air flow, large pulverized coal particles can gradually precipitate downwards and gradually fall to the bottom of the inward shrinking shielding structure 17, the inner wall of the inward shrinking shielding structure 17 is in a conical shape, and the large pulverized coal particles are blown up again by the strong air flow at the edge after gradually sliding to the inner side edge of the inward shrinking shielding structure 17 through the inner wall of the inward shrinking shielding structure 17, so that the retention time of the large pulverized coal is increased, and the pulverized coal fully reacted and cracked;
The gasification furnace 1 is internally provided with a cyclone accelerating assembly 5, the cyclone accelerating assembly 5 is positioned in the sparse reaction zone 14, the cyclone accelerating assembly 5 is used for accelerating the cyclone speed, and specifically, referring to the accompanying drawings of the specification and fig. 2 and 6, the cyclone accelerating assembly 5 comprises a rotary net barrel 51, the rotary net barrel 51 is rotationally arranged inside the gasification furnace 1, a bearing barrel 52 is fixedly connected to the outer part of the rotary net barrel 51, the bearing barrel 52 is rotationally matched with the inner wall of the gasification furnace 1, the bottom of the bearing barrel 52 is an opening, the inner wall of the rotary net barrel 51 is fixedly connected with a plurality of stirring flow convex strips 511, a plurality of meshes are arranged on the rotary net barrel 51, the rotary net barrel 51 is driven by a driving system 6 to rotate in the gasification furnace 1, and the rotating speed is larger than the cyclone speed formed by the cyclone branch pipe 31, so that the stirring flow convex strips 511 drive the air flow inside the rotary net barrel 51 to accelerate, and the rotating speed of the tail end of the air flow is accelerated again in the sparse reaction zone 14.
It should be noted that, the rotating mesh drum 51 is disposed corresponding to the boundary area between the strong cyclone area 15 and the cyclone edge area 16, since the cyclone speed in the dense reaction area 13 is not increased, most of the coal dust in the dense reaction area 13 can float and rise along with the airflow to fully react into fly ash, and many small-sized coal dust particles which are not completely cracked remain in the fly ash, so that the rotating speed of the top airflow is accelerated (the rising speed in the vertical direction is not accelerated) by the rotation of the rotating mesh drum 51, at this time, the residual coal dust particles which are not completely cracked in the fly ash are thrown into the receiving drum 52 and gradually sink into the dense reaction area 13 to react until the coal dust is completely changed, the particle quality is minimized, and the coal dust particles are not thrown out in the rotating mesh drum 51, thereby greatly improving the reaction efficiency to the coal dust, reducing the energy consumption of the equipment and improving the use efficiency of the equipment.
Further, because the reaction efficiency is improved, the amount of fly ash is relatively large, and if the fly ash is discharged through the gas outlet 11, the difficulty of the separation task in the later stage is increased, therefore, this embodiment also provides a scheme that most fly ash is left in the gasifier 1, specifically, referring to fig. 3 and 6 of the specification, the top of the rotary net drum 51 is provided with a first conical hopper 53, the inside of the rotary net drum 51 is fixedly provided with a second conical hopper 54, the second conical hopper 54 is located at the bottom of the first conical hopper 53, a bending flow channel is formed between the first conical hopper 53 and the second conical hopper 54, after the air flow below the gasifier 1 rises into the rotary net drum 51, the air flow flows upward from the first conical hopper 53 through the bending flow channel and is discharged through the gas outlet 11, the bottom of the second conical hopper 54 is fixedly connected with a down pipe 55, and the down pipe 55 extends downward to the upper part of the slag discharging assembly 12.
It should be noted that, the flow width of the bending flow channel between the second cone 54 and the first cone 53 (the width of the flow area of the air flow on a vertical section) is smaller than the flow width between the rotary net drum 51 and the second cone 54, and the circular arc guiding wall is disposed in the rotary net drum 51 corresponding to the top edge of the second cone 54, so that the bending area of the bending flow channel is smoother, the obstruction to the fly ash is reduced, the fly ash left in the rotary net drum 51 flows into the second cone 54 through the bending flow channel, the flow velocity of the air flow in the second cone 54 increases sharply due to the decrease of the flow width of the bending flow channel, most of the air flow continuously flows into the second cone 54 under the action of inertia, and the air flow flows out from the port of the first cone 53 through the turn, so that most of the fly ash is left in the second cone 54 and guided by the down tube 55, so that the fly ash moves gradually into the assembly 12, the carrying difficulty of the fly ash is reduced, the carrying output of the fly ash is reduced, the later stage slag discharging operation is further improved, and the practicability of the equipment is further improved.
Further, referring to fig. 6 of the specification, an ash blocking column 8 is disposed in the second cone 54, the ash blocking column 8 is located at the center of the second cone 54, the outer wall of the ash blocking column 8 is a smooth surface, the ash blocking column 8 is fixedly connected with the drop tube 55 through a suspension strut member 81, the bottom of the suspension strut member 81 is fixedly connected with the drop tube 55, the suspension strut member 81 is an elastic component, and it is noted that when fly ash rushes into the second cone 54, the fly ash can impact on the ash blocking column 8, most of kinetic energy disappears, and the fly ash gradually slides down, thereby being more beneficial to the collection of the fly ash.
Further, the ash blocking column 8 is of a conical structure, the top diameter of the ash blocking column 8 is larger than the bottom diameter of the ash blocking column 8, the top edge of the ash blocking column 8 is fixedly connected with a plurality of micro-rotating blades 84, and when the ash blocking column 8 rotates along with the rotary net drum 51, the micro-rotating blades 84 form downward air flow on the outer wall of the ash blocking column 8, so that fly ash can slide down more easily.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3 of the specification, the driving system 6 includes a rotation driver 61, the top of the rotation net drum 51 is fixedly connected with a driving shaft 56, the rotation driver 61 is in transmission connection with the driving shaft 56, the rotation driver 61 is used for driving the driving shaft 56 to rotate, it is to be noted that in the embodiment, as the pulverized coal is gradually input and the cinder is gradually increased, under the condition that the internal space of the gasification furnace 1 is unchanged, solids are gradually increased, the gas space is compressed, the pressure will change, and in part of the process, the pressure of a main reaction area in the gasification furnace 1 needs to be kept stable, therefore, referring to fig. 3 of the specification, the driving system 6 further includes a lifting driver 62, the lifting driver 62 is used for driving the rotation driver 61 and the cyclone accelerating assembly 5 to lift, a sealing member is arranged between the rotation net drum 51 and the inner wall of the gasification furnace 1, and a certain resistance is formed for the rising airflow, therefore, the space under the cyclone accelerating assembly 5 can be further increased, the reaction area can be further adjusted by adjusting the height of the cyclone accelerating assembly 5, and the reaction area can be further adjusted, and the reaction area is also thinned, and the reaction area is not 14 is greatly improved.
Further, referring to fig. 3 of the specification, a radiator 57 is fixedly installed at the top of the gasifier 1, a driving shaft 56 contacts with the radiator 57, a heat conducting connection member is arranged between the driving shaft 56 and the cyclone accelerating assembly 5, and a heat insulating layer 541 is arranged inside the second cone 54, so that the temperature in the rotary net drum 51 and the second cone 54 is relatively low, and when the fly ash enters the second cone 54 along with the air flow, the temperature of the air flow and the fly ash can be reduced, the floating activity of particles is reduced, and the fly ash is easier to precipitate in the second cone 54.
Further, referring to fig. 9 and 10 of the specification, a movable groove 82 is formed in the ash blocking column 8, a movable ball 83 is formed in the movable groove 82, the movable groove 82 is a circular cavity with a diameter larger than that of the movable ball 83, when the ash blocking column 8 rotates along with the rotary net drum 51, the movable ball 83 moves at the edge of the movable groove 82 under the action of centrifugal force and inertia, so that the ash blocking column 8 is driven to slightly shake, fly ash can be prevented from accumulating on the surface of the ash blocking column 8, and the working efficiency of the device is guaranteed.
In the above embodiment, each cyclone branch pipe 31 forms a cyclone in the gasifier 1, and because the gas outlet of each cyclone branch pipe 31 is uniform and identical, the movement of the cyclone circumference and the vertical direction is relatively stable, the floating of the coal dust is also relatively stable, the coal dust particles floating to the edge of the gasifier 1 are unfavorable to sink, therefore, referring to fig. 3 to 5 of the specification, the gasifier 1 is internally provided with the gas shielding plate 7, the structure of the gas shielding plate 7 is shown in fig. 12, the gas shielding plate 7 is rotatably arranged in the gasifier 1, the gas shielding plate 7 is arranged corresponding to the cyclone branch pipe 31, when the gas shielding plate 7 moves to the cyclone branch pipe 31, the output air flow of the cyclone branch pipe 31 is shielded and redirected, and then the cyclone branch pipe 31 can be shielded one by one in the process of rotating the gas shielding plate 7, so that the air flow of the cyclone is relatively unstable on the premise that the cyclone can be kept to form in the gasifier 1, the air flow is strong and weak on the premise of weak air flow, the precipitation of large coal dust particles is favorable to the coal dust particles, and then the gas flow is large, when the air flow is large, the air flow is increased, and then the air blowing time of the coal dust in the gasifier 1 is increased, and the cracking time of the coal dust is increased.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5 of the specification, the gas shielding plate 7 is connected to the swivel base 71, the swivel base 71 is rotatably installed in the gasifier 1, the down tube 55 penetrates the swivel base 71 downward, a sliding key 72 is fixedly installed in the swivel base 71, a long key groove is formed in the outer wall of the down tube 55, the sliding key 72 is slidably installed in the long key groove, and then the rotation of the down tube 55 can be utilized to drive the gas shielding plate 7 to rotate.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. An integrated anaerobic pyrolysis thermal gasification furnace which is characterized in that: the gasification furnace comprises a gasification furnace (1), wherein a gas outlet (11) is formed in the top of the gasification furnace (1), a slag discharging component (12) is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace (1), a steam pipe (2), a synthetic gas pipe (3) and a coal dust input pipe (4) are further arranged on the gas outlet (11), a dense reaction zone (13) and a sparse reaction zone (14) are formed in the gasification furnace (1), a plurality of cyclone branch pipes (31) are connected to the synthetic gas pipe (3), each cyclone branch pipe (31) is arranged below the dense reaction zone (13), and a cyclone is formed in the gasification furnace (1) through gas flow when the cyclone branch pipes (31) output synthetic gas;
The gasification furnace (1) is internally provided with an inward shrinking shielding structure (17), the bottom of the inward shrinking shielding structure (17) is provided with a shielding area with an inward shrinking diameter, and the shielding area is used for shielding air flow blown out by a cyclone branch pipe (31) so that a strong cyclone area (15) and a cyclone edge area (16) are formed by the cyclone;
The gasification furnace is characterized in that a cyclone accelerating assembly (5) is further arranged in the gasification furnace (1), the cyclone accelerating assembly (5) is located in the sparse reaction zone (14), the cyclone accelerating assembly (5) comprises a rotary net barrel (51), a receiving barrel (52) is fixedly connected to the outer part of the rotary net barrel (51), the receiving barrel (52) is in running fit with the inner wall of the gasification furnace (1), the bottom of the receiving barrel (52) is an opening, the rotary net barrel (51) rotates in the gasification furnace (1) through the driving of a driving system (6), and the rotating speed is greater than that of a cyclone branching pipe (31);
The dense reaction zone (13) is a high-temperature zone, a heating structure is arranged in the dense reaction zone (13), the sparse reaction zone (14) is positioned above the dense reaction zone (13), the pulverized coal input pipe (4) is connected into the dense reaction zone (13), the synthetic gas pipe (3) is communicated with each cyclone branched pipe (31) through a distribution pipe (32), the distribution pipe (32) is an annular pipeline, each cyclone branched pipe (31) is obliquely upwards arranged in the gasification furnace (1), the inner wall of the inward shrinking shielding structure (17) is arranged into a cone shape, the inner wall of the rotary net barrel (51) is fixedly connected with a plurality of flow stirring convex strips (511), and a plurality of meshes are formed in the rotary net barrel (51);
The top of rotatory net section of thick bamboo (51) is provided with first toper fill (53), the inside fixed mounting of rotatory net section of thick bamboo (51) has second toper fill (54), second toper fill (54) are located the bottom of first toper fill (53), be formed with the runner of buckling between first toper fill (53) and the second toper fill (54), gasifier (1) below air current rises to rotatory net section of thick bamboo (51) in, upwards flows from first toper fill (53) through above-mentioned runner of buckling, discharges through gas outlet (11) again, the bottom fixedly connected with of second toper fill (54) is put down pipe (55), it extends to the top of sediment subassembly (12) downwards to lower pipe (55).
2. An integrated anaerobic pyrolysis thermal gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the flow width of the bending flow channel between the second conical hopper (54) and the first conical hopper (53) is smaller than the flow width between the rotary net drum (51) and the second conical hopper (54), and an arc guide wall is arranged in the rotary net drum (51) at a position corresponding to the top edge of the second conical hopper (54).
3. An integrated anaerobic pyrolysis thermal gasification furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inside of second cone fill (54) is provided with and keeps off ash column (8), it is located the center department of second cone fill (54) to keep off ash column (8), the outer wall that keeps off ash column (8) is smooth surface, it is through hanging bracing piece (81) and drop tube (55) fixed connection to keep off ash column (8), the bottom and the drop tube (55) fixed connection of hanging bracing piece (81), hang bracing piece (81) and be elastomeric element.
4. An integrated anaerobic pyrolysis thermal gasification furnace according to claim 3 wherein: the ash blocking column (8) is of a conical structure, the top diameter of the ash blocking column (8) is larger than the bottom diameter of the ash blocking column (8), a plurality of micro-rotating blades (84) are fixedly connected to the top edge of the ash blocking column (8), and the micro-rotating blades (84) form downward airflow on the outer wall of the ash blocking column (8) when the ash blocking column (8) rotates along with the rotary net drum (51).
5. An integrated anaerobic pyrolysis thermal gasification furnace according to claim 4, wherein: the driving system (6) comprises a rotation driver (61), the top of the rotary net drum (51) is fixedly connected with a driving shaft (56), the rotation driver (61) is in transmission connection with the driving shaft (56), the rotation driver (61) is used for driving the driving shaft (56) to rotate, the driving system (6) further comprises a lifting driver (62), the lifting driver (62) is used for driving the rotation driver (61) and the cyclone accelerating assembly (5) to lift, and a sealing piece is arranged between the rotary net drum (51) and the inner wall of the gasification furnace (1).
6. An integrated anaerobic pyrolysis thermal gasification furnace according to claim 5, wherein: the top fixed mounting of gasifier (1) has radiator (57), drive shaft (56) and radiator (57) contact, be provided with the heat conduction connecting piece between drive shaft (56) and cyclone acceleration subassembly (5), the inside of second cone-shaped fill (54) is provided with insulating layer (541), the inside of keeping off ash column (8) is provided with movable groove (82), the inside of movable groove (82) is provided with movable ball (83), movable groove (82) are the circular cavity that the diameter is greater than movable ball (83).
7. The integrated anaerobic pyrolysis gasifier according to claim 6, wherein: be provided with in gasifier (1) and hide gas board (7), it sets up in gasifier (1) to hide gas board (7) rotation, it corresponds cyclone lateral pipe (31) to hide gas board (7) setting, hide gas board (7) and shelter from the outgoing air flow of redirecting to this cyclone lateral pipe (31) when moving to cyclone lateral pipe (31) department.
8. The integrated anaerobic pyrolysis gasifier according to claim 7, wherein: the gas shielding plate (7) is connected to the swivel base (71), the swivel base (71) is rotatably installed in the gasifier (1), the descending pipe (55) downwards penetrates through the swivel base (71), a sliding key (72) is fixedly installed in the swivel base (71), a long key groove is formed in the outer wall of the descending pipe (55), and the sliding key (72) is slidably installed in the long key groove.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB840700A (en) * | 1958-06-20 | 1960-07-06 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | A method of gasifying pulverised coal |
| CN105199782A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Gasification agent, strong-rotating pulverized coal and fly ash mixed-burning gasifier device and method |
| CN108410506A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-17 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | A kind of anaerobic catalytic gasification stove, catalytic gasification system and coal methanation process |
| CN210915953U (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-07-03 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Fluidized bed gasification furnace and coal gasification system |
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2024
- 2024-03-12 CN CN202410276905.5A patent/CN117866667B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB840700A (en) * | 1958-06-20 | 1960-07-06 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | A method of gasifying pulverised coal |
| CN105199782A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Gasification agent, strong-rotating pulverized coal and fly ash mixed-burning gasifier device and method |
| CN108410506A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-17 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | A kind of anaerobic catalytic gasification stove, catalytic gasification system and coal methanation process |
| CN210915953U (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-07-03 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Fluidized bed gasification furnace and coal gasification system |
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