CN117864307A - Automatic brake control method and device for cable anchoring machine - Google Patents
Automatic brake control method and device for cable anchoring machine Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000010405 clearance mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic brake control method and device of an anchor cable machine, wherein the anchor cable machine is electrically connected with a monitoring system, and the method comprises the following steps of S1: inputting parameters of the anchor cable machine through a monitoring system and setting a threshold corresponding to the parameters; s2: starting the anchor cable machine to release or retract the cable; s3: the monitoring system judges the rotation direction of the winding drum of the cable machine and monitors the rotation speed, the release or recovery length and the tension of the cable machine in real time, if any numerical value of the rotation speed, the release or recovery length and the tension exceeds a set threshold value, the monitoring system controls the cable machine to brake, otherwise, the cable machine returns to the step S2. The invention monitors the winding and unwinding speed, the winding and unwinding length and the pulling force of the anchor cable machine in real time and automatically brakes and controls the anchor cable machine, thereby improving the efficiency and the safety of ship operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of brake control of cable anchoring machines, in particular to an automatic brake control method and device of a cable anchoring machine.
Background
The anchor cable machine is a machine for winding and unwinding anchors and anchor chains on a ship, and uses manpower, a steam engine, an electric motor, a hydraulic motor and the like as power. The driving mode can be divided into: manual, electric, hydraulic. Is usually installed on the deck of the first building of the ship, and has the main function of fixing the ship at a certain position on the sea and preventing drifting or out of control. At sea, the wind wave is big, the water is urgent, the ship is likely to drift or run away at any time, and the anchor cable machine can fix the ship in position through tying the anchor chain, thereby guaranteeing the safety of the ship. Furthermore, the mooring line machine may also be used for cable operations, towing operations, etc. when the vessel is moored. Thus, the mooring line machine is one of the indispensable important devices on the ship and plays a vital role.
The deck mechanical control system of the traditional anchor cable machine has the defects of frequent failure, low efficiency, prominent hidden danger, low efficiency and easy misoperation because a driver needs to operate the ship and communicate through communication means such as broadcasting, high frequency or manual communication and the like.
Patent number 202110763826.3 discloses a marine large-scale anchor windlass, relates to ocean engineering equipment technical field. The marine large anchor winch comprises a bottom plate, wherein a fixing plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate, a left side plate is fixedly arranged at the left end of the top of the bottom plate, a right side plate is fixedly arranged at the right end of the top of the bottom plate, a wire collecting mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate, a cleaning mechanism is arranged at the top of the bottom plate, the wire collecting mechanism comprises a motor, a wire collecting roller and a protective cover, the motor is fixedly arranged at the left end of the top of the bottom plate, the left end of the motor is close to the front side, the wire collecting roller is rotatably arranged at the upper right end of the left side plate through a rotating rod, and the right end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected with the upper left end of the right side plate. This marine large-scale anchor winch, through receiving line mechanism cooperation clearance mechanism, when receiving line roller rotates, clearance mechanism work is clear away the debris that smuggles secretly on the traction line of receiving line roller outside roll-up, has avoided debris to be mingled with on the traction line of roll-up, makes anchor winch's load increase, all causes the damage to device and traction line, and when this technical scheme failed to realize anchor cable machine's automatic brake.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the automatic brake control method and the device for the cable anchoring machine, which can monitor the winding and unwinding speed, the winding and unwinding length and the tension of the cable anchoring machine in real time and control the automatic brake of the cable anchoring machine, prevent accidents caused by failure of the cable anchoring machine, and improve the efficiency and the safety of ship operation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an automatic brake control method for an anchor cable machine, wherein an anchor cable machine is electrically connected with a monitoring system, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: inputting parameters of the anchor cable machine through a monitoring system and setting a threshold corresponding to the parameters;
s2: starting the anchor cable machine to release or retract the cable;
s3: the monitoring system judges the rotation direction of the winding drum of the cable machine and monitors the rotation speed, the release or recovery length and the tension of the cable machine in real time, if any numerical value of the rotation speed, the release or recovery length and the tension exceeds a set threshold value, the monitoring system controls the cable machine to brake, otherwise, the cable machine returns to the step S2.
In the technical scheme, the monitoring system is electrically connected with the driver of the anchor cable machine, the anchor cable machine can be controlled by manpower actively, the monitoring system can also be used for controlling automatically, model parameters of the anchor cable machine are input through the monitoring system, a dangerous threshold value is set through the monitoring system, when the anchor cable machine exceeds the set threshold value, the monitoring system can make dangerous early warning and automatically control the anchor cable machine to brake, and the situation that the anchor cable machine is out of control due to overload or the cable is pulled too much to break can be avoided.
In a preferred embodiment, in order to calculate the release or recovery length of the cable, said parameters comprise, in said step S1, the cable length, the cable diameter and the diameter of the reel of the mooring line machine, and in order to control the operation of the mooring line machine within safe limits, said thresholds comprise a cable release length limit, a cable recovery length limit, a maximum rotational speed, a maximum dynamic tension and a maximum static tension.
In order to avoid the situation that the rotation speed of the cable anchoring machine is too fast to be out of control, in the step S3, the monitoring system monitors the rotation speed of the cable anchoring machine in real time, when the rotation speed of the cable anchoring machine exceeds the maximum rotation speed, the monitoring system gives out an overspeed alarm and gives out a braking instruction to the cable anchoring machine, and otherwise, the cable anchoring machine continues to release or recover the cable.
In order to avoid that the cable exceeds the releasing or recovering range, in the step S3, the monitoring system monitors the rotation number of the reel of the cable machine in real time and calculates the releasing or recovering length of the cable according to the cable diameter and the reel diameter of the cable machine, when the releasing or recovering length of the cable exceeds the limiting value of the releasing length or the limiting value of the recovering length of the cable, the monitoring system sends out a rope releasing and recovering alarm and sends out a braking instruction to the cable machine, otherwise, the cable machine continues to release or recover the cable.
In order to avoid damage to the driver caused by overload of the driver, in the step S3, a monitoring system monitors the dynamic tension of the driver on the anchor cable machine in real time, and when the dynamic tension exceeds the maximum dynamic tension, the monitoring system sends out an overload alarm and adjusts the rotation speed of the anchor cable machine according to the load condition.
In a preferred scheme, in the step S3, the monitoring system monitors the static tension of the reel of the cable anchoring machine in real time, and when the static tension exceeds the maximum static tension, the monitoring system gives an alarm of overlarge tension and gives a cable releasing instruction to the cable anchoring machine so as to prevent the cable from being broken due to overlarge tension.
As a preferable scheme, the braking process of the mooring line machine in the step S3 is as follows: when the monitoring system sends a braking instruction to the anchor cable machine, the anchor cable machine brakes after 0s-5s, and the situation that the static tension is too large due to frequent triggering caused by instant external force can be effectively avoided through delayed braking.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the automatic brake control device of the cable anchoring machine comprises a tension measuring pin shaft, a rotating speed measuring module and a monitoring system, wherein the tension measuring pin shaft is arranged on a brake mechanism of the cable anchoring machine and used for collecting shearing force on the brake mechanism, the rotating speed measuring module is arranged on a winding drum of the cable anchoring machine and used for collecting rotating speed of the winding drum of the cable anchoring machine, and the monitoring system is respectively connected with the tension measuring pin shaft, the rotating speed measuring module and the cable anchoring machine.
In the technical scheme, the tension measuring pin shaft is used for measuring the static tension of the cable, the maximum static tension value can be set by referring to the tension limit of the cable, the rotating speed measuring module accurately analyzes the rotating speed of the winding drum through pulses, and when the winding drum of the anchor cable machine is overspeed, the monitoring system can send out overspeed alarm and cut off the operation of the winding drum, and the braking mechanism is closed, so that the safety of the anchor cable machine is ensured.
As a preferred scheme, the monitoring system comprises an encoder and a PLC counting module, wherein the encoder is arranged at the shaft end of the winding drum of the cable anchoring machine and is connected with the PLC counting module to calculate the rotation number of the winding drum of the cable anchoring machine, the encoder outputs pulse signals to the PLC counting module, and the PLC counting module processes the pulse signals to judge the rotation direction of the winding drum and the addition and subtraction direction of pulse counting.
As a preferable scheme, the pressure sensor is arranged on the driver of the anchor cable machine and used for collecting dynamic tension, and when the driver exceeds the maximum dynamic tension, the monitoring system adjusts the speed of the driver to avoid overload of the driver.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the operation state of the anchor cable machine is monitored in real time through the monitoring system, the automatic control of the anchor cable machine is realized through the preset threshold value, the danger early warning and emergency response are timely made, and the operation safety of the anchor cable machine is ensured.
2. The monitoring system can monitor the length of the cable released or recovered by the cable anchoring machine, and accurately control the length of the cable to a preset value, so that the efficiency of ship operation is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an automatic brake control method of the mooring line machine of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the mooring line machine;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control panel of the monitoring system.
In the figure: a cable anchoring machine reel 1; a driver 2; a brake mechanism 3; a tension measurement pin 4; a rotation speed measuring module 5.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the actual product dimensions; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted. The positional relationship depicted in the drawings is for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the present patent.
The same or similar reference numbers in the drawings of embodiments of the invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "long", "short", etc., that indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but it is not indicated or implied that the apparatus or element to be referred must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are merely for exemplary illustration and should not be construed as limiting the present patent, and it is possible for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, there is provided an automatic brake control method of an anchor line machine, to which a monitoring system is electrically connected, the method comprising the steps of:
s1: inputting parameters of the anchor cable machine through a monitoring system and setting a threshold corresponding to the parameters;
s2: starting the anchor cable machine to release or retract the cable;
s3: the monitoring system judges the rotation direction of the winding drum 1 of the cable machine and monitors the rotation speed, the release or recovery length and the tension of the cable machine in real time, if any numerical value of the rotation speed, the release or recovery length and the tension exceeds a set threshold value, the monitoring system controls the cable machine to brake, otherwise, the cable machine returns to the step S2.
In this embodiment, the mooring line machine is based on a combination of conveyor belts, gears and traction mechanisms of the mechanical system. Small-size anchor rope machine: typically powered by an electric motor or small diesel engine, and driven by a simple gearbox (e.g., worm gear) to drive the anchors and cables. The anchor chains of these devices may be directly connected to anchors and cables without complex mechanical structures. Medium-sized anchor rope machine: for a slightly larger vessel, the mooring line machine may operate with a motor and gear drive. In certain situations, such as for example, a marine police vessel used by the military, a human-assisted system may be provided to facilitate anchoring. Large-scale anchor rope machine: for larger vessels, the mooring line machine is typically hydraulically driven. The system converts the pressure of hydraulic oil generated by the plunger pump into power and pushes the anchor chain to move through the hydraulic motor. In addition, some modern large-scale mooring line machines may incorporate electronic control systems to enable automated operation.
In this embodiment, the monitoring system is installed in the ship cab, and is provided with a remote control panel for information display and man-machine interaction, and the monitoring system integrates a PLC for signal processing.
In particular, in step S1, the parameters include cable length, cable diameter and anchor drum 1 diameter, and the thresholds include cable release length limit, cable recovery length limit, maximum rotational speed, maximum dynamic tension and maximum static tension.
In the embodiment, the monitoring system can monitor the length, the rotating speed, the dynamic tension and the static tension of the anchor cable machine in real time, compare the set threshold value to analyze the working state of the anchor cable machine and make emergency response in time.
Specifically, in step S3, the monitoring system monitors the rotation speed of the cable-anchoring machine in real time, when the rotation speed of the cable-anchoring machine exceeds the maximum rotation speed, the monitoring system sends out an overspeed alarm and sends out a braking instruction to the cable-anchoring machine, otherwise, the cable-anchoring machine continues to release or recover the cable.
In this embodiment, the shaft end of the cable anchoring machine reel 1 is provided with an incremental encoder, the encoder outputs an a/B2 path pulse signal and transmits the pulse signal to the PLC high-speed counting module unit, the PLC internal pulse processing program section processes the pulse signal, and the monitoring system achieves a rotation speed (RPM) measurement processing function by presetting corresponding parameters (parameters such as the number of pulses of the encoder, a sampling period, a mean buffer zone coefficient and the like) for a rotation speed measurement processing function, and when the current value of the rotation speed is greater than the maximum rotation speed, an overspeed alarm is triggered, the operation of the reel is cut off, and the brake mechanism 3 is closed, so that the system safety is ensured.
Specifically, in the step S3, the monitoring system monitors the number of rotations of the cable-anchoring machine drum 1 in real time and calculates the cable release or recovery length according to the cable diameter and the cable-anchoring machine drum 1 diameter, when the cable release or recovery length exceeds the cable release length limit value or the cable recovery length limit value, the monitoring system sends out a rope release and rope recovery alarm and sends out a braking instruction to the cable-anchoring machine, otherwise, the cable-anchoring machine continues to release or recover the cable.
In the embodiment, the incremental encoder can output an A/B2 path pulse signal and transmit the pulse signal to the PLC high-speed counting module unit, the pulse processing program section in the PLC processes the pulse signal, judges the rotation direction of the winding drum and the addition and subtraction direction of pulse counting, and meanwhile transmits the pulse signal to the rope length measurement processing function block of the monitoring system through preset corresponding parameters, so that the monitoring system realizes the rope length measurement processing function, and a worker can set any rope length through the control panel and correct or reset rope length errors; when the current value of the rope length is larger than the limit value of the release length of the rope or smaller than the limit value of the recovery length of the rope, the rope releasing and withdrawing alarm of the monitoring system is triggered, and a brake command is sent.
Specifically, in step S3, the monitoring system monitors the dynamic tension of the driver 2 on the anchor cable machine in real time, and when the dynamic tension exceeds the maximum dynamic tension, the monitoring system sends out an overload alarm and adjusts the rotation speed of the anchor cable machine according to the load condition.
In the embodiment, the dynamic tension is measured by means of the pressure sensor installed on the driver 2, the pressure sensor outputs 2 paths of 4-20mA signals to the PLC analog input module unit, the 2 paths of pressure sensor mA signals are processed by the dynamic tension processing program section in the PLC and converted into pressure values, the absolute value of 2 loop pressure differences is calculated, meanwhile, parameters such as tension speed coefficient, layer factor and the like are transmitted to the dynamic tension measuring and processing functional block, and the monitoring system achieves the dynamic tension measuring and processing function.
Specifically, in step S3, the monitoring system monitors the static tension of the reel 1 of the cable machine in real time, and when the static tension exceeds the maximum static tension, the monitoring system sends out an alarm of excessive tension and sends out a cable releasing instruction to the cable machine.
In this embodiment, the force-measuring electric pin mechanism installed on the brake mechanism 3 can output a proportional mV signal according to the magnitude of the applied force and transmit the mV signal to the mV/mA signal isolation transducer, the parameters of the signal transducer are adjusted and set, the full-scale input of the electric pin is performed, the transducer outputs 4-20mA, the mA signal is output by the transducer and transmitted to the PLC analog input module unit, the static tension processing program section in the PLC processes the mA signal of the electric pin transducer, and the static tension measurement processing function block is given by presetting corresponding parameters (parameters such as brake pre-tightening mA, electric pin measuring range, average buffer coefficient, etc.), so that the monitoring system realizes the static tension measurement processing function.
Specifically, the braking process of the cable anchoring machine in the step S3 is as follows: and after the monitoring system sends a braking instruction to the cable anchoring machine, the cable anchoring machine brakes after 0s-5 s.
In this embodiment, the time-delay braking mechanism can effectively avoid frequent exceeding of the threshold value of the maximum static pressure due to the instantaneous external force.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, an automatic brake control device of an anchor cable machine is provided, which comprises a tension measurement pin 4, a rotation speed measurement module 5 and a monitoring system, wherein the tension measurement pin 4 is installed on a brake mechanism 3 of the anchor cable machine and is used for collecting a shearing force on the brake mechanism 3, the rotation speed measurement module 5 is installed on a winding drum 1 of the anchor cable machine and is used for collecting the rotation speed of the winding drum 1 of the anchor cable machine, and the monitoring system is respectively and electrically connected with the tension measurement pin 4, the rotation speed measurement module 5 and the anchor cable machine.
In this embodiment, the tension measuring pin 4 is installed on the braking mechanism 3, and is used for collecting the shearing force applied on the braking mechanism 3, transmitting the signal into the monitoring system through the tension transmission in the machine side control box, and converting the signal into the corresponding braking force ton through the PLC model operation.
Specifically, a pressure sensor is arranged on the driver 2 of the anchor cable machine and used for collecting dynamic tension.
In this embodiment, the driver 2 is a hydraulic motor, and the pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of the a/B cavity of the hydraulic motor and transmitting the pressure to the analog input channel of the PLC device, and is used for displaying dynamic tension through internal signal calculation processing.
Example 3:
the present embodiment is similar to embodiment 2, except that in this embodiment, the monitoring system includes an encoder and a PLC counting module, where the encoder is installed at the shaft end of the anchor line reel 1 and connected to the PLC counting module for calculating the number of rotations of the anchor line reel 1.
In the embodiment, an incremental encoder arranged at the shaft end of the cable machine winding drum 1 outputs A/B2 paths of pulse signals and transmits the pulse signals to a PLC high-speed counting module unit, a pulse processing program section in the PLC processes the pulse signals, the rotation direction of the cable machine winding drum and the addition and subtraction direction of pulse counting are judged, and the monitoring system achieves the function of measuring and processing the rope length.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
It is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic brake control method of an anchor cable machine is characterized in that the anchor cable machine is electrically connected with a monitoring system, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: inputting parameters of the anchor cable machine through a monitoring system and setting a threshold corresponding to the parameters;
s2: starting the anchor cable machine to release or retract the cable;
s3: the monitoring system judges the rotation direction of the winding drum (1) of the cable machine and monitors the rotation speed, the release or recovery length and the tension of the cable machine in real time, if any numerical value of the rotation speed, the release or recovery length and the tension exceeds a set threshold value, the monitoring system controls the cable machine to brake, otherwise, the cable machine returns to the step S2.
2. An automatic brake control method for a mooring line machine according to claim 1, characterized in that in said step S1 said parameters comprise the length of the rope, the diameter of the rope and the diameter of the drum (1) of the mooring line machine, and said thresholds comprise a rope release length limit, a rope recovery length limit, a maximum rotational speed, a maximum dynamic tension and a maximum static tension.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the step S3, the monitoring system monitors the rotation speed of the mooring line machine in real time, when the rotation speed of the mooring line machine exceeds the maximum rotation speed, the monitoring system gives an overspeed alarm and gives a braking instruction to the mooring line machine, otherwise, the mooring line machine continues to release or recover the mooring line.
4. The automatic brake control method of a cable anchoring machine according to claim 2, wherein in the step S3, the monitoring system monitors the rotation number of the reel (1) of the cable anchoring machine in real time and calculates the cable releasing or recovering length through the cable diameter and the diameter of the reel (1) of the cable anchoring machine, when the cable releasing or recovering length exceeds the cable releasing length limit value or the cable recovering length limit value, the monitoring system sends out a rope releasing and recovering alarm and sends out a brake command to the cable anchoring machine, otherwise, the cable anchoring machine continues to release or recover the cable.
5. The automatic brake control method of the cable anchoring machine according to claim 2, wherein in the step S3, the monitoring system monitors the dynamic tension of the driver (2) on the cable anchoring machine in real time, and when the dynamic tension exceeds the maximum dynamic tension, the monitoring system gives out an overload alarm and adjusts the rotation speed of the cable anchoring machine according to the load condition.
6. The automatic brake control method of a cable anchoring machine according to claim 2, wherein in the step S3, a monitoring system monitors the static tension of the reel (1) of the cable anchoring machine in real time, and when the static tension exceeds the maximum static tension, the monitoring system gives an excessive tension alarm and gives a cable releasing instruction to the cable anchoring machine.
7. The automatic brake control method of the cable anchoring machine according to claim 1, wherein the brake process of the cable anchoring machine in the step S3 is as follows: and after the monitoring system sends a braking instruction to the cable anchoring machine, the cable anchoring machine brakes after 0s-5 s.
8. An automatic brake control device of an anchor cable machine, for implementing the automatic brake control method of an anchor cable machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising a tension measurement pin shaft (4), a rotation speed measurement module (5) and a monitoring system, wherein the tension measurement pin shaft (4) is installed on a brake mechanism (3) of the anchor cable machine and is used for collecting a shearing force on the brake mechanism (3), the rotation speed measurement module (5) is installed on a winding drum (1) of the anchor cable machine and is used for collecting the rotation speed of the winding drum (1) of the anchor cable machine, and the monitoring system is respectively and electrically connected with the tension measurement pin shaft (4), the rotation speed measurement module (5) and the anchor cable machine.
9. The automatic brake control device of the cable anchoring machine according to claim 8, wherein the monitoring system comprises an encoder and a PLC counting module, and the encoder is arranged at the shaft end of the cable anchoring machine winding drum (1) and connected with the PLC counting module for calculating the rotation number of the cable anchoring machine winding drum (1).
10. The automatic brake control device of the mooring line machine according to claim 8, wherein a pressure sensor is arranged on a driver (2) of the mooring line machine for collecting dynamic tension.
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2024
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