CN117845776B - Installation and construction method of steel box girder - Google Patents
Installation and construction method of steel box girder Download PDFInfo
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- CN117845776B CN117845776B CN202410245261.3A CN202410245261A CN117845776B CN 117845776 B CN117845776 B CN 117845776B CN 202410245261 A CN202410245261 A CN 202410245261A CN 117845776 B CN117845776 B CN 117845776B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/10—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of cranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
- B66C13/06—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for minimising or preventing longitudinal or transverse swinging of loads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
- B66C13/08—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2/00—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure
- E01D2/04—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure of the box-girder type
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/30—Metal
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a mounting construction method of a steel box girder, which belongs to the technical field of steel box girder mounting, wherein one end of a large-section steel box girder placed on a crane ship is selected as a bearing end, the other end of the crane ship is defined as a balance end, pier areas serving as supporting points are checked and calculated according to the influence range of the crane ship, and the areas with thicker pier bodies or the areas with smaller loads on the crane ship are reinforced by steel bars according to the weak degree and different loads of the pier bodies, the local areas of the pier bodies are simplified into beam plates so as to determine the number of the steel bars to be increased, the positions with thinner pier bodies or the areas with larger loads on the crane ship are reinforced by the steel bars, the loads are transferred into the pier bodies or the crane ship, and then the positions with thinner pier bodies or the larger loads on the crane ship are combined with the steel bars so as to resist the loads, thereby solving the problem that the center of gravity of the ship body is deviated due to shaking of the crane ship body, and the hidden danger is caused when the large-section steel box girder is lifted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel box girder installation, and particularly relates to an installation construction method of a steel box girder.
Background
The steel box girder, also called a steel plate box girder, is a common structural form of a span bridge, in the actual construction process, the construction type, span and width of the bridge, the natural environment of a construction site (aspects such as topography, traffic conditions and the like), the bridge design scheme, the technical level of constructors, construction equipment and other specific conditions are required to be considered, meanwhile, the construction scheme with good economical efficiency, high safety and rapid construction is selected according to the factors such as the construction period and the construction cost of engineering, the current steel box girder construction method is various, and the current steel box girder construction method comprises a sectional hoisting method, an integral hoisting method, a cantilever assembling method, a high-altitude sliding method, a swivel construction method and the like, but when a bridge crossing the river surface or the sea surface and having large span is met, the installation construction method still adopted at the moment can cause great construction difficulty and high cost, and the installation method adopted in the prior art is as follows: the large-section steel box girder is lifted to the pier top of the pier by two crane vessels, a spacer ship is arranged between the two crane vessels to ensure the synchronism of the two crane vessels, a self-balancing lifting rigging system is adopted to ensure the stress balance of each lifting point, a permanent support arranged on the pier top and a temporary support of the installed girder section are placed on the permanent support through a guiding device and a traction device, the position and the elevation of the girder Duan Pingmian are accurately adjusted and monitored through a positioning jack, and after all Liang Duanjian joint bolts are welded, the temporary support is unloaded to switch a supporting system to the permanent support.
However, the prior art has some problems in the construction process: because the weight of the large-section steel box girder is heavy, when two crane vessels lift and hoist the large-section steel box girder to the pier top, one end of the crane vessel where the large-section steel box girder is placed is heavy, and the other end of the crane vessel is light, when the large-section steel box girder is lifted, the crane vessel can not shake due to the existence of water waves, and the shaking of the crane vessel can lead to the gravity center shift of the ship body, so that potential safety hazards exist when the large-section steel box girder is lifted, and the installation and construction method of the steel box girder is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a mounting construction method of a steel box girder, which solves the problems that one end of a crane ship for placing a large-section steel box girder in the prior art is heavy, the other end of the crane ship is light, the gravity center of a ship body is deviated, and potential safety hazards exist when the large-section steel box girder is lifted due to gravity center deviation of the ship body.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: the installation and construction method of the steel box girder comprises the following steps:
s1: one end of a large-section steel box girder placed on the crane ship is taken as a bearing end, and the other end of the crane ship is defined as a balance end;
S2: the bearing end and the balance end of the crane ship are respectively and fixedly connected with the bridge pier through a stabilizing mechanism, a positioning jack is arranged on the crane ship, and the positioning jack is adopted to lift the large-section steel box girder;
S3: four adjacent piers are selected as supporting points, the distance between the piers and the gravity center of the steel box girder is defined as L, the force born by the piers as the supporting points is defined as F, wherein F=k/L, and k is a constant;
S5: calculating the total weight of a crane ship and a large-section steel box girder, determining the stress limit value of the fracture of a pier through the materials adopted by the pier body, checking the force applied by the total weight of the crane ship and the large-section steel box girder to four adjacent piers serving as supporting points through stress analysis, comparing and checking the force applied by the four adjacent piers to the stress limit value of the fracture of the pier, detecting the weakness degree of the pier body through a nonmetal ultrasonic detector, classifying according to the weakness degree and the load size of the pier body, classifying the thicker region of the pier body or the load smaller part of the crane ship into one type, and classifying the thinner region of the pier body or the load larger part of the crane ship into the other type;
S5: reinforcing steel bars are adopted for reinforcing the thicker region of the pier body or the position with smaller load on the crane ship, the local region of the pier body is simplified into beam plates to determine the number of reinforcing steel bars to be added, supporting rods are added for transmitting force for the thinner region of the pier body or the position with larger load on the crane ship, the load is transmitted to the inside of the pier body or the crane ship, and reinforcing steel bars are combined for reinforcing the thinner region of the pier body or the position with larger load on the crane ship.
As a further scheme of the invention, bilge keels for reducing the shaking of the crane ship are arranged outside the crane ship in the step S1.
As a further scheme of the invention, the stabilizing mechanism comprises a connecting rod supporting part and a clamping part, wherein the connecting rod supporting part and the clamping part are respectively arranged on a bearing end and a balance end, the bearing end and the balance end are connected with the bridge pier through the connecting rod supporting part and the clamping part, and the clamping part is used for clamping the bridge pier, so that the crane ship, the bridge pier and the large-section steel box girder are fixed into a whole.
As a further scheme of the invention, the connecting rod supporting part comprises a plurality of fixing rings, two-way telescopic rods and two one-way telescopic rods, wherein the fixing rings are respectively arranged on the outer wall of the crane ship at the bearing end and the balance end, the two-way telescopic rods penetrate through the fixing rings, two ends of the two-way telescopic rods are respectively and vertically connected with one ends of the two one-way telescopic rods, and the other ends of the two one-way telescopic rods are connected with the clamping part.
As a further scheme of the invention, the positioning jack comprises a rotary self-locking part, a lifting part for adjusting the height of the steel box girder, a supporting part and a turnover part, wherein the supporting part and the turnover part are arranged on the crane ship, the rotary self-locking part and the turnover part are both arranged on the supporting part and are in spiral engagement, the rotary self-locking part drives the lifting part to slowly lift along the supporting part, and the turnover part is disengaged from the lifting part by turnover driving the rotary self-locking part, so that the lifting part can quickly descend.
As a further scheme of the invention, the rotary self-locking part comprises a rotary wheel, a track arranged on the rotary wheel and a rocker arranged on the rotary wheel, wherein the rotary wheel is obliquely arranged on the supporting part, the track on the rotary wheel is meshed with the lifting part, the rocker drives the rotary wheel to rotate, and the rotary wheel drives the lifting part to lift through the track on the rotary wheel.
As a further scheme of the invention, the lifting part and the turnover part are arranged in parallel.
As a further scheme of the invention, the number of the positioning jacks is two, and the two positioning jacks are symmetrically arranged.
As a further scheme of the invention, the two positioning jacks are driven by the same driving piece.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
Through selecting the one end of placing big festival steel box girder on the crane ship as the bearing end, the other end of demarcating the crane ship is the balanced end, then select four adjacent piers as the supporting point, the distance between demarcating the focus of pier to steel box girder is L, the force that demarcating the pier as the supporting point bore is F, wherein F=k/L, k is the constant, will be at last with the bearing end of crane ship and balanced end respectively through stabilizing mean and pier fixed connection, make two crane ships, pier and big festival steel box girder as an organic whole, even at this moment under the wave impact, the crane ship can not rock yet, owing to the existence of wave, the crane ship can not take place to rock, the crane ship rocks and can make hull focus skew, thereby there is the problem of potential safety hazard when leading to lifting big festival steel box girder.
Drawings
The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings for the convenience of understanding by those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a stabilizing mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a positioning jack according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a track structure according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a top view of the flip structure of the present invention.
Description of main reference numerals:
in the figure: 1. a link supporting part; 11. a fixing ring; 12. a bidirectional telescopic rod; 13. a unidirectional telescopic rod; 2. a clamping part; 3. a rotary self-locking part; 31. a rotating wheel; 32. a track; 33. a rocker; 4. a lifting part; 5. a support part; 6. a turnover part; 61. turning over the rod; 62. a rotating block; 7. and fixing the frame.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the invention for achieving the preset aim, the following detailed description is given below of the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects according to the invention with reference to the attached drawings and the preferred embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present embodiment provides a method for installing and constructing a steel box girder, which includes the following steps:
S1: the method comprises the steps that one end of a large-section steel box girder placed on a crane ship is taken as a bearing end, the other end of the crane ship is defined as a balance end, and the weight difference of the two ends of the crane ship is large because the large-section steel box girder is aimed at, so that the crane ship is divided into the bearing end and the balance end according to the placement position of the large-section steel box girder;
S2: the bearing end and the balance end of the crane ship are respectively and fixedly connected with the bridge pier through a stabilizing mechanism, a positioning jack is arranged on the crane ship, and the positioning jack is adopted to lift the large-section steel box girder;
S3: four adjacent piers are selected as supporting points, and the distance from the supporting points to the gravity center of the steel box girder is inversely proportional to the stress according to stress analysis, so that the distance from the pier to the gravity center of the steel box girder is defined as L, the force born by the pier as the supporting points is defined as F, wherein F=k/L, and k is a constant;
S4: because the weight of the large-section steel box girder is heavy, the large-section steel box girder damages the bridge pier area in consideration of the motion of the crane ship, and the bridge pier area serving as a supporting point is checked according to the influence range of the crane ship, specifically, the total weight of the crane ship and the large-section steel box girder is calculated, the broken stress limit value of the bridge pier is determined through the materials adopted by the pier body, the total weight of the crane ship and the large-section steel box girder is checked through stress analysis, and the specific operation of checking how much force is applied to four adjacent bridge piers serving as supporting points by the stress analysis is performed on how much force is applied to the four adjacent bridge piers is performed by the stress analysis: firstly, recording the weight of a crane ship, fixing the crane ship on a pier, then recording the force applied by the crane ship to the pier, then recording the weight of a large-section steel box girder, making a proportion according to the weight of the crane ship and the force applied by the crane ship to the pier, obtaining the total weight of the large-section steel box girder and the crane ship according to the recorded weight of the large-section steel box girder, comparing and checking the force applied to four adjacent piers respectively with the broken stress limit value of the pier, so as to ensure that the large-section steel box girder and the crane ship can not break the pier under the combined action, determining the weak degree of the pier body by adopting a shock elastic wave method, carrying out statistics on the sound velocity and the sound amplitude obtained by detection by adopting a nonmetal ultrasonic detector and a measuring tape according to the weak degree of the shock elastic wave method, obtaining an average value and a standard deviation, calculating a judgment value if the sound velocity and the sound amplitude of each measuring point in the detection range are larger than the judgment value, and if the sound velocity and the sound velocity of each measuring point in the detection range are not larger than the judgment value, and if the sound velocity of the pier body is in the detection range is larger than the sound velocity, and the sound velocity of the other measuring point is not larger than the sound velocity or the sound velocity is required to be equal to the abnormal load in the detection range, and the ship body is classified as the weak region;
s5: the method comprises the steps of reinforcing steel bars are adopted at the position with a thicker pier body or a position with a smaller load on a crane ship to strengthen the pier body, simplifying the local region of the pier body into beam plates to determine the number of the steel bars to be added, reinforcing support bars are adopted at the position with a thinner pier body or a position with a larger load on the crane ship to transfer the load to the pier body or the crane ship, reinforcing the position with a thinner pier body or the position with a larger load on the crane ship by combining the steel bars, and the shearing bearing capacity of the pier body and the crane ship is fully utilized to resist the load, so that the large-section steel box girder can be stably lifted to the pier top, the problem that the crane ship shakes to cause the gravity center of the ship to deviate, thereby causing potential safety hazards when the large-section steel box girder is lifted is solved, a positioning jack is adopted to accurately adjust and monitor the plane position and the elevation of the steel box girder, a distance sensor is arranged on the positioning jack, the distance sensor is externally connected with a control system in a communication manner, and the positioning jack is controlled by the control system.
The steel box girder is a commonly used structural form of a span bridge, in the actual construction process, the construction type, span and width of the bridge, the natural environment (aspects such as topography, traffic conditions and the like) of a construction site, the bridge design scheme, the technical level of constructors, construction equipment and the like are required to be considered in the installation process of the steel structure bridge, meanwhile, the construction scheme with good economy, high safety and rapid construction is selected according to the factors such as the construction period and the construction cost of engineering, and the current steel box girder construction method has a plurality of construction methods, including a sectional hoisting method, an integral hoisting method, a cantilever assembling method, a high-altitude sliding method, a swivel construction method and the like, but when a large-span bridge crossing a river surface or sea surface and the like is met, the installation construction method still adopted at the moment can cause great construction difficulty and high cost, and the installation method adopted in the prior art is as follows: the method comprises the steps of lifting a large-section steel box girder to the pier top of a pier by two lifting vessels, arranging a spacer ship between the two lifting vessels to ensure synchronism of the two lifting vessels, adopting a self-balancing lifting rigging system to ensure that all lifting points are stressed uniformly, placing a permanent support arranged on the pier top and a temporary support of a girder-mounted section through a guiding device and a traction device, accurately adjusting and monitoring the position and the elevation of the girder Duan Pingmian through a positioning jack, unloading the temporary support to switch a supporting system to the permanent support after all Liang Duanjian joint bolts are welded, and solving the problems in the prior art that the heavy weight of the large-section steel box girder is heavy in the construction process, one end of the large-section steel box girder is placed on the lifting vessel to be heavy in the process of lifting the large-section steel box girder to the pier top by the two lifting vessels, and the other end of the lifting vessel is light in weight, and when the large-section steel box girder is lifted, the lifting vessel is prevented from shaking due to the existence of water waves, the lifting vessel can shift the center of gravity of the lifting vessel, so that the heavy-section steel box girder has potential safety hazards in the lifting process.
In order to solve the problems, the bridge pier area serving as a supporting point is checked according to the influence range of the crane ship, the bridge pier area is classified according to the weakness degree and the load difference of the pier body, different reinforcing methods are adopted for the node positions according to the stress requirement, specifically, reinforcing steel bars are adopted for the thicker area of the pier body or the position with smaller load on the crane ship, the local area of the pier body is simplified into beam plates so as to determine the number of the reinforcing steel bars to be increased, supporting rods are added for transferring the load to the inside of the pier body or the crane ship for transferring the force, and the position with smaller thickness of the pier body or the larger load on the crane ship is combined with the reinforcing steel bars for reinforcing, so that the shear bearing capacity of the pier body and the crane ship can resist the load, the large-section steel box girder can be stably lifted to the pier top, and the problem that the crane ship cannot shake due to the existence of water waves, and the shaking of the crane ship can enable the ship body to deviate, so that the potential safety hazard exists when the crane ship body is lifted.
When the steel box girder is constructed, as the steel box girder is placed above the pier by adopting the crane ship, the problem of wind power has to be considered, the wind can cause larger water waves, the water waves can cause the large-section steel box girder to shake violently when two crane ships lift the large-section steel box girder, finally, the large-section steel box girder is not easy to be placed above the pier, the common solution is to construct when waiting for the condition that the wind speed is smaller or no wind exists, but for the sea-side area, the sea-side is always provided with the sea-water, if the construction method is adopted when waiting for the condition that the wind speed is smaller or no wind exists, the construction period of the whole steel box girder is influenced, the cost is increased, in order to solve the problem, in one embodiment, the outside of the crane ship in S1 is provided with bilge keels for reducing the shaking of the crane ship body, the bilge keels are arranged outside the ship body part strake, are arranged along the ship length direction and are vertical to the plate, the length is 1/3-1/2 of the length, the ship body on the outer side of the bearing end can be arranged on the dense ship body according to the weight of the large-section steel box girder, and the rest of the ship can be arranged on the outside of the ship body in a dispersed manner, and shaking principle is reduced: when the ship rolls, the flow field around the ship body is disturbed, so that the ship generates additional damping, and the purpose of roll reduction is achieved by increasing the roll damping.
In addition, when the bearing end and the balance end are connected with the pier, if only a common connection mode is adopted, because the large-section steel box girder is aimed at, in the process of lifting the large-section steel box girder to the pier top after the crane ship is fixed with the pier, the large-section steel box girder can exert a great pressure on the crane ship, but the crane ship can shake due to the fact that the bearing end and the balance end are fixedly connected with the pier, at this time, the bearing end and the balance end are easily broken at the fixedly connected position of the pier, in one embodiment, the bearing end and the balance end in S3 are respectively connected with the pier through a stabilizing mechanism, the stabilizing mechanism comprises a connecting rod supporting part 1 respectively arranged on the bearing end and the balance end and a clamping part 2 arranged on the connecting rod supporting part 1, the bearing end and the balance end are connected with the pier through the connecting rod supporting part 1 and the clamping part 2, the crane ship, on the one hand, the flexible clamping pad is arranged in the clamping part 2, the crane ship, the bridge pier and the bridge pier can be prevented from being scratched, on the other hand, the bridge pier can be prevented from being broken by the movable range between the clamping part 2 and the pier, and the bridge girder can be prevented from being broken, and the bridge can be simultaneously fixed with the large-section steel box girder through the bridge supporting part 1 and the clamping part 2 through the connecting rod supporting part, and the clamping part 2, and the bridge pier can be simultaneously, and the bridge can be fixedly arranged at the bridge, the crane ship and the bridge pier are convenient to disassemble.
Further, to ensure that the crane ship and the bridge pier are fixed stably, a plurality of points of the crane ship and the bridge pier are required to be fixed, and to ensure that after a section of large-section steel box girder is installed through the crane ship, the next section of large-section steel box girder is installed, and then the connecting rod supporting part 1 is required to be ensured to be adjustable, in this embodiment, the connecting rod supporting part 1 comprises a plurality of fixing rings 11, a bidirectional telescopic rod 12 and two unidirectional telescopic rods 13, the fixing rings 11 are respectively arranged on the outer wall of the crane ship at the bearing end and the balance end, the bidirectional telescopic rod 12 penetrates through the fixing rings 11, two ends of the bidirectional telescopic rod 12 are respectively and vertically connected with one ends of the two unidirectional telescopic rods 13, the other ends of the two unidirectional telescopic rods 13 are connected with the clamping part 2, the clamping part 2 is two arc clamping blocks, the two arc clamping blocks are fixed with the bridge pier through bolt adjustment, the clamping can also be realized by adopting an electric structure, the electric crane can be designed according to actual needs, a plurality of fixing points can be provided for the fixing rings 11, the crane can be ensured to be more stable after being fixed with the bridge pier, the bidirectional telescopic rod 12 and the two unidirectional telescopic rods 13 can be of a cylinder structure, the advantages of the cylinder structure adopted at the position have two points, firstly, the electric crane can be conveniently regulated to a proper fixing position, secondly, the large-section steel box girder can exert a great pressure on the crane, the crane can shake, but the bearing end and the balance end are fixedly connected with the bridge pier, the bearing end and the balance end are easily broken at the fixing connection position of the bridge pier at the moment, the cylinder structure can realize certain buffering, the bearing end and the balance end are prevented from being broken at the fixing connection position of the bridge pier at the moment, and in practical use, the two-way telescopic rod 12 stretches and stretches to a proper position in a two-way mode, then the two one-way telescopic rods 13 stretch and stretch to drive the clamping part 2 to move to the bridge pier, and then the clamping part 2 is fixed with the bridge pier through adjusting the clamping part 2.
It should be noted that, at present, a jack for lifting a large-section steel box girder is adopted on a crane ship, screw lifting or cylinder lifting is generally adopted, although screw lifting can realize self-locking after lifting, but after lifting, slow reset is needed step by step, rapid reset cannot be carried out, time is wasted, and the cylinder lifting can reset rapidly, but after lifting, the self-locking effect is not good, in order to solve the problem, a jack special for lifting the large-section steel box girder is provided, in this regard, in one embodiment, the positioning jack comprises a rotary self-locking part 3, a lifting part 4 for adjusting the height of the steel box girder, a supporting part 5 and a turnover part 6 arranged on the crane ship, the rotary self-locking part 3 and the turnover part 6 are arranged on the supporting part 5, lifting part 4 and rotatory self-locking part 3 spiral meshing, rotatory self-locking part 3 drive lifting part 4 slowly goes up and down along supporting part 5, turnover part 6 breaks away from the meshing through upset drive rotatory self-locking part 3 and lifting part 4, make lifting part 4 descend fast, slowly go up and down along supporting part 5 through rotatory drive lifting part 4 of rotatory self-locking part 3, and in this process when rotatory self-locking part 3 is rotatory, rotatory self-locking part 3 is in the self-locking state, avoid the risk of big segmental steel case roof beam whereabouts, after big segmental steel case roof beam was placed the mound top, the positioning jack is in idle state this moment, turnover part 6 and lifting part 4 break away from the meshing through upset drive rotatory self-locking part 3 this moment, make lifting part 4 descend fast, until the positioning jack resets, thereby the above-mentioned problem has been solved.
In particular, the rotation self-locking part 3 is required to realize self-locking and slow rotation lifting, in this regard, in an embodiment, the rotation self-locking part 3 includes a rotating wheel 31, a track 32 disposed on the rotating wheel 31 and a rocker 33 disposed on the rotating wheel 31, the rocker 33 is used to facilitate operation of the rotating wheel 31, the rocker 33 can be driven by an external motor, the rotating wheel 31 is obliquely disposed on the supporting part 5, the track 32 on the rotating wheel 31 is engaged with the lifting part 4, the rocker 33 drives the rotating wheel 31 to rotate, the rotating wheel 31 drives the lifting part 4 to slowly lift through the track 32 on the rotating wheel 31, the rotating wheel 31 is required to be obliquely disposed on the supporting part 5, only the oblique arrangement can make the rotating wheel 31 slowly lift through the track 32 on the rotating wheel 31, and the track 32 on the rotating wheel 31 is engaged with the lifting part 4, on the one hand, the track 32 on the rotating wheel 31 can make self-locking with the lifting part 4, the other hand is that the lifting part 4 is convenient to lift, the lifting part 4 is a lifting rod, one side of the lifting rod is provided with teeth, the track 32 on the rotating wheel 31 is meshed with the teeth, the rotating wheel 31 is actually arranged on the supporting part 5 through a fixed sleeve, the supporting part 5 is a supporting rod, as shown in figure 2, in addition, the turning part 6 is a turning rod 61 and a rotating block 62, the rotating block 62 can be rotated to be pressed and jointed with the outer wall of the supporting rod through turning the turning rod 61 by 180 degrees, so that the track 32 of the rotating wheel 31 is disengaged from the lifting part 4, the turning rod 61 is connected with the rotating wheel 31 through a fixed frame 7, the rotating wheel 31 is rotatably arranged on the fixed frame 7, the fixed frame 7 is hinged with the supporting rod, as shown in figure 4, the rotating block 62 is hinged with the fixed frame 7, when the track 32 of the rotating wheel 31 is required to be meshed with the lifting part 4, the rotating rod 61 is pulled again to reversely turn 180 degrees, so that the rotating block 62 rotates to be separated from the outer wall of the supporting rod, and the position of the rotating rod 61 in fig. 2 is a state diagram in the process of turning.
Because in the ascending process of the large-section steel box girder, except for the positioning jack, the guiding device and the traction device are matched, in order to avoid the risk that the positioning jack suddenly drops and the large-section steel box girder drops when the guiding device and the traction device are operated, in this way, in one embodiment, the lifting part 4 and the turnover part 6 are arranged in parallel, the distance between the lifting part 4 and the turnover part 6 is smaller, the turnover can be pulled by a worker, the lifting part 4 and the turnover part 6 are arranged in parallel, the turnover part 6 can be prevented from being touched easily when the guiding device and the traction device are operated, and the risk that the large-section steel box girder drops is avoided.
In addition, to guarantee that the large-section steel box girder is lifted steadily to the pier top in-process, reduce the slope condition and avoid touching the pier because the slope leads to the pier to damage, in order to solve this problem, in an embodiment, the positioning jack number is two, and two positioning jack symmetry sets up, the symmetry sets up can make the atress even, can guarantee to lift can not appear the slope when lifting to in order to guarantee that the speed of lifting is unanimous, consequently need through same driving piece drive between two positioning jacks, this design can further improve the stability of large-section steel box girder at the pier top in-process of lifting.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The installation and construction method of the steel box girder is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: one end of a large-section steel box girder placed on the crane ship is taken as a bearing end, and the other end of the crane ship is defined as a balance end;
S2: the bearing end and the balance end of the crane ship are respectively and fixedly connected with the bridge pier through a stabilizing mechanism, a positioning jack is arranged on the crane ship, and the positioning jack is adopted to lift the large-section steel box girder;
S3: four adjacent piers are selected as supporting points, the distance between the piers and the gravity center of the steel box girder is defined as L, the force born by the piers as the supporting points is defined as F, wherein F=k/L, and k is a constant;
S4: calculating the total weight of a crane ship and a large-section steel box girder, determining the stress limit value of the fracture of the bridge pier through the materials adopted by the pier body, checking the force applied by the crane ship and the large-section steel box girder to four adjacent bridge piers serving as supporting points through stress analysis, comparing and checking the force applied by the four adjacent bridge piers to the stress limit value of the fracture of the bridge pier, firstly recording the weight of the crane ship, fixing the crane ship on the bridge pier, then recording the force applied by the crane ship to the bridge pier at the moment, then recording the weight of the large-section steel box girder, making a proportion according to the weight of the crane ship and the force applied by the crane ship to the bridge pier, and then obtaining the force applied by the large-section steel box girder and the crane ship according to the weight of the recorded large-section steel box girder, so as to ensure that the joint acting force of the large-section steel box girder and the crane ship can not cause the bridge pier to fracture, detecting the degree of the crane ship by adopting a nonmetal ultrasonic detector, classifying the weak crane ship according to the degree and the load of the pier body, and classifying the weak region or the weak crane ship as a small load on the crane ship;
S5: reinforcing steel bars are adopted for reinforcing the thicker region of the pier body or the position with smaller load on the crane ship, the local region of the pier body is simplified into beam plates to determine the number of reinforcing steel bars to be added, supporting rods are added for transmitting force for the thinner region of the pier body or the position with larger load on the crane ship, the load is transmitted to the inside of the pier body or the crane ship, and reinforcing steel bars are combined for reinforcing the thinner region of the pier body or the position with larger load on the crane ship.
2. The method for installing and constructing a steel box girder according to claim 1, wherein bilge keels for reducing the shaking of the crane ship are arranged outside the crane ship in S1.
3. The method for installing and constructing a steel box girder according to claim 1, wherein the stabilizing mechanism comprises a connecting rod supporting part and a clamping part, wherein the connecting rod supporting part is respectively arranged on a bearing end and a balance end, the clamping part is arranged on the connecting rod supporting part, the bearing end and the balance end are connected with the bridge pier through the connecting rod supporting part and the clamping part, and the clamping part is used for clamping the bridge pier, so that the crane ship, the bridge pier and the large-section steel box girder are fixed into a whole.
4. The method for installing and constructing the steel box girder according to claim 3, wherein the connecting rod supporting part comprises a plurality of fixing rings, two-way telescopic rods and two one-way telescopic rods, the fixing rings are respectively arranged on the outer wall of the crane ship at the bearing end and the balance end, the two-way telescopic rods penetrate through the fixing rings, two ends of the two-way telescopic rods are respectively and vertically connected with one ends of the two one-way telescopic rods, and the other ends of the two one-way telescopic rods are connected with the clamping part.
5. The method for installing and constructing the steel box girder according to claim 1, wherein the positioning jack comprises a rotary self-locking part, a lifting part for adjusting the height of the steel box girder, a supporting part and a turning part, wherein the supporting part and the turning part are arranged on a crane ship, the rotary self-locking part and the turning part are both arranged on the supporting part, the lifting part and the rotary self-locking part are in spiral engagement, the rotary self-locking part drives the lifting part to slowly lift along the supporting part, and the turning part is disengaged from the lifting part through turning driving the rotary self-locking part, so that the lifting part can quickly descend.
6. The method for installing and constructing the steel box girder according to claim 5, wherein the rotation self-locking part comprises a rotating wheel, a track arranged on the rotating wheel and a rocker arranged on the rotating wheel, the rotating wheel is obliquely arranged on the supporting part, the track on the rotating wheel is meshed with the lifting part, the rocker drives the rotating wheel to rotate, and the rotating wheel drives the lifting part to lift through the track on the rotating wheel.
7. The method for installing and constructing a steel box girder according to claim 5, wherein the lifting part and the turnover part are disposed in parallel.
8. The method for installing and constructing the steel box girder according to claim 5, wherein the number of the positioning jacks is two, and the two positioning jacks are symmetrically arranged.
9. The method for installing and constructing a steel box girder according to claim 8, wherein the two positioning jacks are driven by the same driving member.
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