CN117840633A - Contact assembly and welding method and application thereof - Google Patents
Contact assembly and welding method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117840633A CN117840633A CN202311656160.7A CN202311656160A CN117840633A CN 117840633 A CN117840633 A CN 117840633A CN 202311656160 A CN202311656160 A CN 202311656160A CN 117840633 A CN117840633 A CN 117840633A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 291
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- NEIHULKJZQTQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ag] Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag] NEIHULKJZQTQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- RRKGBEPNZRCDAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Ag] Chemical compound [C].[Ag] RRKGBEPNZRCDAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- WUUZKBJEUBFVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper molybdenum Chemical compound [Cu].[Mo] WUUZKBJEUBFVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tungsten Chemical compound [Cu].[W] SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UYKQQBUWKSHMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver tungsten Chemical compound [Ag][W][W] UYKQQBUWKSHMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 145
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003141 anti-fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- AHADSRNLHOHMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidenecopper Chemical compound [Cu].[C] AHADSRNLHOHMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silver Chemical compound [Ni].[Ag] MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/302—Cu as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a contact assembly, a welding method and application thereof, wherein the welding method comprises the following steps: respectively carrying out surface treatment on the contact support and the contact, wherein the contact sequentially comprises a silver alloy layer, a graphene copper-based alloy layer and a brazing filler metal layer; placing the contact support in the imitation groove of the lower welding electrode, placing the contact on the surface of the contact support, moving the upper welding electrode downwards, and pressing the contact on the surface of the silver alloy layer; the conductivity of the lower welding electrode is lower than that of the upper welding electrode; and starting the resistance welding equipment, setting welding parameters, and finishing the welding of the contact assembly. According to the invention, through the selection of the materials of all structural layers in the contact assembly, the control of the welding electrode materials and the welding process, the temperatures of different positions in the contact assembly are effectively regulated and controlled, especially the temperatures between the silver alloy layer and the graphene copper-based alloy layer are controlled, the problems of silver-copper alloying or interlayer cracking are avoided, and the welding quality is ensured; the method is simple and convenient to operate, easy to realize automatic production and wide in application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric appliance component processing, and relates to a contact component, a welding method and application thereof.
Background
The contact assembly is a core component of various circuit breakers in the field of low-voltage electrical appliances, can play roles of switching on, bearing and breaking current, and the advantages and disadvantages of the contact assembly directly influence the safety and the reliability of the low-voltage electrical appliances. At present, copper-based alloy materials are widely applied to low-voltage circuit breaker products with low current and low breaking capacity requirements, and silver contacts are generally used for replacing products with high current and high breaking capacity requirements, and the silver contacts are generally integrally connected with copper or copper alloy for application when in use. The contact materials are generally selected by adding a certain amount of high melting point metal or oxide to the pure metal to improve its breaking capacity and arc burn resistance.
The contact assembly is processed by resistance brazing, induction brazing, integral liquid phase sintering and the like, wherein the resistance brazing mode is widely applied. The resistance brazing is to apply pressure to the components to be welded through the welding electrodes respectively, and heat the components to be welded and the molten solder by means of resistance heat generated by current passing through the components to be welded, so that metal connection is realized. The resistance brazing has the characteristics of resistance welding, namely, heat can be generated when current flows through the workpiece and the contact surface thereof, the local heating speed is extremely high, the resistance brazing is simple to operate, the process condition is easy to improve, the automation is realized, and the production efficiency is high. However, based on the selection of the current contact assembly structure and materials, the solder layer of the contact contacts with the contact support during resistance brazing to weld the contact support and the contact support, and the main structure of the contact usually adopts a multi-layer structure, and the contact support are not welded by the solder, so that defects of incompact layers and easy layering possibly exist.
CN 103035419a discloses a silver/copper-based composite contact material, which is formed by compositing two layers of a copper base layer and a silver base layer, wherein adjacent interfaces of the silver base layer and the copper base layer are metallurgically bonded with each other to form a bonding area, the bonding area is formed by a copper base material and a silver base material, and the thickness of the silver base layer is 0.01-2 mm; the silver base layer can be made of pure silver, silver oxide, silver-nickel alloy, silver-tungsten alloy or silver carbide, and the copper base layer can be made of copper/rare earth oxide or copper carbon material; the other surface of the copper matrix layer is provided with a composite solder layer, and copper-based solder or silver-based solder can be selected. CN 1601675a discloses an electrical contact of a three-layer composite structure of copper-based silver-free material, wherein the uppermost layer in the three-layer structure is a working layer, the material is silver or silver alloy, the middle layer is a contact material matrix, the copper-based silver-free contact material is the lowest layer is a welding layer, and the material is silver brazing flux or silver-free brazing flux. The above patents mainly describe the structure and material selection of the contact, and the contact welding process is not clear.
CN 104259610a discloses a resistance brazing method using graphite electrodes, which comprises: cleaning the surface of the brazing piece and the surface of the brazing filler metal; firstly placing a carbon steel or alloy steel brazing piece into a brazing chamber, then placing a manganese-based brazing filler metal at a corresponding position of the brazing piece, dispersing a small amount of brazing flux on the brazing filler metal, and then placing a hard alloy brazing filler metal on the brazing filler metal, wherein the brazing filler metal is sheet-shaped or foil-shaped; operating a resistance brazing device, setting resistance brazing parameters, wherein the welding current is 6000-15000A, the welding time is 20-70C, the welding pressure is 0.7-5 kN, and then starting a resistance spot welder; and after the brazing is finished, naturally cooling to room temperature, and taking out the brazing piece. The method still belongs to the traditional resistance brazing method, does not match and select welding electrodes, and naturally cannot control the temperature of welding parts at different positions, so that the problem of interlayer cracking can occur.
In summary, for the resistance brazing of the contact assembly, a proper material and welding process of the welding electrode are selected according to the structure and the material of the contact assembly, so that the stability of the contact assembly after welding is ensured, the interlayer bonding force is strong, cracking is not easy to occur, the fusion welding resistance and the ablation resistance are strong, and the automatic production is easy to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a contact assembly, a welding method and application thereof, wherein the temperature of different positions in the contact assembly, especially the temperature between a silver alloy layer and a graphene copper base alloy layer, can be effectively regulated and controlled through the selection of materials of all structural layers in the contact assembly, the material of a welding electrode and the control of a welding process, the problems of silver copper alloying or interlayer cracking of the graphene copper base alloy layer and the silver alloy layer are avoided, the interlayer bonding force of the contact assembly is ensured, the welding quality is improved, and the welding resistance and ablation resistance of the contact assembly are not influenced.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method of welding a contact assembly, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Respectively carrying out surface treatment on the contact support and the contact, wherein the contact is of a layered structure and sequentially comprises a silver alloy layer, a graphene copper-based alloy layer and a brazing filler metal layer from top to bottom;
(2) Placing the contact support in a profiling groove on the lower welding electrode, then placing a solder layer of the contact downwards in a welding area on the surface of the contact support, moving the upper welding electrode downwards, and pressing the upper welding electrode on the surface of a silver alloy layer of the contact; wherein the conductivity of the lower welding electrode is lower than that of the upper welding electrode;
(3) Setting welding process parameters including welding pressure, welding current, welding time and maintaining time, starting resistance welding equipment, and finishing welding of the contact assembly.
According to the welding process of the contact assembly, the contact and the contact support in the contact assembly are arranged between the upper welding electrode and the lower welding electrode according to the structure of the contact assembly, particularly the structural layer division of the contact, the conductivity of the upper welding electrode and the lower welding electrode is controlled to be lower than that of the upper welding electrode, so that the temperature of the structural layer directly contacted with the upper welding electrode and the lower welding electrode during welding is different, the silver-copper alloying or interlayer cracking between the silver-copper alloy layer and the graphene copper-based alloy layer is avoided due to overhigh temperature by regulating the temperature of the silver-alloy layer in the contact assembly, the defect that the interlayer structure is not compact and layered is avoided, good binding force is maintained, the welding quality is ensured to be stable and reliable by controlling welding process parameters, and the anti-fusion welding and ablation resistance of the contact are not influenced; the method is simple and convenient to operate, low in cost, easy to realize automatic production and wide in application range.
The following technical scheme is a preferred technical scheme of the invention, but is not a limitation of the technical scheme provided by the invention, and the technical purpose and beneficial effects of the invention can be better achieved and realized through the following technical scheme.
According to the preferred technical scheme, the contact in the step (1) is a graphene copper-based silver-coated structure contact.
Preferably, the total thickness of the contact in step (1) is 0.5 to 1mm, for example 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm or 1mm, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within this range are equally applicable.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the silver alloy layer in the contact in the step (1) is a silver-carbon alloy layer having a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2mm, for example, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.08mm, 0.1mm, 0.12mm, 0.15mm, 0.18mm, or 0.2mm, etc., but the silver-carbon alloy layer is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of the recited values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the silver content in the silver-carbon alloy layer in step (1) is 92 to 97wt%, such as 92wt%, 93wt%, 94wt%, 95wt%, 96wt%, 97wt%, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the solder layer in the contact in step (1) includes a phosphorous copper-based solder layer or a phosphorous silver-based solder layer, and the thickness thereof is 0.02-0.15 mm, for example, 0.02mm, 0.04mm, 0.06mm, 0.08mm, 0.1mm, 0.12mm, or 0.15mm, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the phosphorous content in the solder layer in step (1) is 4.5-7 wt%, such as 4.5wt%, 5wt%, 5.5wt%, 6wt%, 6.5wt%, or 7wt%, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable.
In the invention, the effect of phosphorus in the brazing filler metal layer is mainly to reduce the melting point of the brazing filler metal, and the brazing filler metal layer has self-brazing operation when being welded with copper; if the phosphorus content is low, the melting point of the solder is high, the solder is required to be melted by higher welding heat input, and if the phosphorus content is high, brittle structures are generated, so that the welding strength is insufficient.
Preferably, the composition of the graphene copper-based alloy layer in the contact of step (1) includes copper and graphene.
Preferably, the copper content in the copper-based graphene alloy layer in the step (1) is more than 95wt%, such as 95wt%, 95.5wt%, 96wt%, 96.5wt%, 97wt%, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable; the graphene content is 3.5wt% or less, for example, 3.5wt%, 3wt%, 2.5wt%, 2wt%, 1.5wt%, or the like, but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range are equally applicable.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the material of the contact support in the step (1) comprises any one of brass, copper or steel.
Preferably, the copper content in the brass of step (1) is 60-70 wt%, such as 60wt%, 62wt%, 64wt%, 66wt%, 68wt%, or 70wt%, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the thickness of the contact support in step (1) is 0.8-2 mm, for example 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm or 2mm, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the surface treatment of step (1) comprises a chemical treatment comprising electroplating and/or pickling and/or a physical polishing.
Preferably, the plating is performed only for the contact holder.
In the invention, impurities, oxide films, burrs and the like on the surfaces of the contact support and the contact can be removed through surface treatment, so that the heat conductivity and the electric conductivity of each structural layer are ensured; the electroplating treatment is only aimed at the contact support, and the contact does not need to be subjected to electroplating treatment, and the purpose of the electroplating treatment is to prevent oxidation and corrosion of the surface of a material, improve the electric conduction and heat conduction properties, and the electroplated layer can be silver, tin or alloy plated layers thereof.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the shape of the imitation groove on the lower welding electrode in the step (2) is matched with the shape of the contact support, and the contact support is fastened on the lower welding electrode.
In the invention, the contact support is fastened in the imitation groove of the lower welding electrode, so that the contact is not easy to shake during welding of the product.
Preferably, when the contacts are placed, the contact support and the contacts are in the form of parallel joints, and the planar size of the contact support is larger than that of the contacts.
Preferably, the upper welding electrode is movable up and down, controlled by a pressure mechanism in the welding apparatus.
In the invention, the resistance welding equipment is adopted to weld the contact assembly, wherein the movement and the electrifying and heating of the electrode are respectively controlled by the pressure mechanism and the welding control system, the two can realize linkage through signal transmission, and the continuous operation is as follows: electrode pressing-prepressing-electrifying welding-power-off-pressure maintaining-electrode rising.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper welding electrode in step (2) has a conductivity of 35% iacs or more, for example, 35% iacs, 37% iacs, 40% iacs, 42% iacs, 45% iacs, 48% iacs, 50% iacs, etc., but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not mentioned in the above-mentioned value range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the material of the upper welding electrode in the step (2) includes any one of silver-tungsten alloy, copper-tungsten alloy or molybdenum-copper alloy.
Preferably, in the material of the upper welding electrode, the silver content in the silver-tungsten alloy is 20-80 wt%, such as 20wt%, 30wt%, 40wt%, 50wt%, 60wt%, 70wt%, 80wt%, etc., the copper content in the copper-tungsten alloy is 20-50 wt%, such as 20wt%, 25wt%, 30wt%, 35wt%, 40wt%, 45wt%, 50wt%, etc., and the copper content in the molybdenum-copper alloy is 15-60 wt%, such as 15wt%, 20wt%, 30wt%, 40wt%, 50wt%, 60wt%, etc.; however, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not mentioned in the respective numerical ranges are equally applicable.
Preferably, the conductivity of the lower welding electrode in step (2) is greater than or equal to 30% iacs and less than the conductivity of the upper welding electrode, for example, 30% iacs, 32% iacs, 35% iacs, 38% iacs, 40% iacs, 42% iacs, 45% iacs, etc., but is not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in the range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the material of the lower welding electrode in the step (2) comprises copper tungsten alloy or molybdenum copper alloy.
Preferably, the lower welding electrode is made of a copper-tungsten alloy with a copper content of 15-30 wt%, such as 15wt%, 18wt%, 20wt%, 22wt%, 25wt%, 28wt%, or 30wt%, and a molybdenum-copper alloy with a copper content of 10-30 wt%, such as 10wt%, 15wt%, 20wt%, 25wt%, or 30wt%, and the like; however, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not mentioned in the respective numerical ranges are equally applicable.
In the invention, the upper welding electrode is in direct contact with the silver alloy layer, the welding electrode is made of a material which is not easy to adhere to the contact, the structural layer cannot be melted during welding, and the temperature during welding can be controlled to be lower than that of the brazing filler metal layer, so that the upper welding electrode is made of a material with relatively higher conductivity, the conductivity of the lower welding electrode is relatively lower, and the heating value of the lower welding electrode is higher during welding, so that the temperature of the brazing filler metal layer is higher than that of the silver alloy layer.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the step (3) starts a power supply of the resistance welding equipment to electrify and sets welding process parameters.
Preferably, the welding pressure in step (3) is 500 to 1000N, for example 500N, 600N, 700N, 800N, 900N or 1000N, etc., but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range are equally applicable.
Preferably, the welding current in step (3) is 5.5-7.5 kA, such as 5.5kA, 6kA, 6.5kA, 7kA, or 7.5kA, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the welding time in step (3) is 100-200 ms, for example, 100ms, 110ms, 120ms, 130ms, 140ms, 150ms, 160ms, 170ms, 180ms or 200ms, but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range are equally applicable.
In the invention, after the welding electrode is electrified, the heat generation of the welding electrode is in direct proportion to the square of current, and the heat generated by the high current in short time causes the brazing filler metal layer to be melted, and the welding electrode is rapidly cooled and solidified after the welding electrode is powered off.
Preferably, the maintenance time in step (3) is not less than 20ms, such as 20ms, 30ms, 40ms, 50ms, 60ms, 80ms, or 100ms, but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range are equally applicable.
Preferably, in the soldering process of step (3), the surface temperature of the silver alloy layer is at least 50 to 100 ℃ lower than the silver-copper alloying temperature, for example, 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 90 ℃, 100 ℃ or the like, but not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range are equally applicable.
According to the preferred technical scheme, the temperature is reduced after welding in the step (3), and the contact assembly is taken out after the brazing filler metal is solidified.
Preferably, the cooling mode is that the welding pressure of the welding electrode is continuously maintained, and the welding electrode is cooled by heat dissipation through a water cooling channel in the upper welding electrode.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a contact assembly obtained by the above welding method.
Preferably, the total thickness of the silver alloy layer and the graphene copper-based alloy layer in the contact assembly is 0.05-0.1 mm smaller than that before welding, such as 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm or 0.1mm, etc., but not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable.
Preferably, the thickness of the solder layer before welding is 0.02 to 0.15mm, for example 0.02mm, 0.04mm, 0.06mm, 0.08mm, 0.1mm, 0.12mm or 0.15mm, etc., and the thickness after welding is 0.01 to 0.1mm, for example 0.01mm, 0.03mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.08mm or 0.1mm, etc.; however, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not mentioned in the respective numerical ranges are equally applicable.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of a contact assembly as described above for a piezoelectric device, preferably a circuit breaker product.
In the invention, the low-voltage electric appliance refers to a control electric appliance which is divided according to the working voltage, wherein the working voltage is divided into a high-voltage electric appliance and a low-voltage electric appliance by taking alternating current 1200V and direct current 1500V as boundaries, and the low-voltage electric appliance is lower than the working voltage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the method, through selection of materials of all structural layers in the contact assembly, welding electrode materials and control of welding process, temperatures of different positions in the contact assembly can be effectively regulated and controlled, particularly temperatures between the silver alloy layer and the graphene copper-based alloy layer are controlled, the problems of silver-copper alloying or interlayer cracking are avoided, the defects of non-compact and layered interlayer structure are avoided, good binding force is maintained, stable and reliable welding quality is ensured, and meanwhile, fusion welding resistance and ablation resistance of a contact are not influenced;
(2) The method disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient to operate, low in cost, easy to realize automatic production and wide in application range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a contact provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an assembled structure of the upper and lower soldered joints and the contact assembly before soldering according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a contact assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
the device comprises a 1-contact, a 11-silver alloy layer, a 12-graphene copper-based alloy layer, a 13-brazing filler metal layer, a 2-contact support, a 3-upper welding electrode and a 4-lower welding electrode.
Detailed Description
For better illustrating the present invention, the technical scheme of the present invention is convenient to understand, and the present invention is further described in detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to represent or limit the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
The invention provides a welding method of a contact assembly, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The contact support 2 and the contact 1 are respectively subjected to surface treatment, wherein the contact 1 is of a layered structure and sequentially comprises a silver alloy layer 11, a graphene copper-based alloy layer 12 and a brazing filler metal layer 13 from top to bottom;
(2) Placing the contact support 2 in an imitation groove on the lower welding electrode 4, then placing the brazing filler metal layer 13 of the contact 1 downwards in a welding area on the surface of the contact support 2, moving the upper welding electrode 3 downwards, and pressing the upper welding electrode on the surface of the silver alloy layer 11 of the contact 1; wherein the conductivity of the lower welding electrode 4 is lower than the conductivity of the upper welding electrode 3;
(3) Setting welding process parameters including welding pressure, welding current, welding time and maintaining time, starting resistance welding equipment, and finishing welding of the contact assembly.
The following are exemplary but non-limiting examples of the invention:
example 1:
the embodiment provides a welding method of a contact assembly, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The contact support 2 and the contact 1 are respectively subjected to surface treatment, the structural schematic diagram of the contact is shown in fig. 1, and the contact is in a layered structure and sequentially comprises a silver alloy layer 11, a graphene copper-based alloy layer 12 and a brazing filler metal layer 13 from top to bottom; the contact 1 is a graphene copper-based silver-coated structure contact, and the total thickness is 0.8mm; the silver alloy layer 11 is a silver-carbon alloy layer, wherein the silver content is 95wt% and the thickness is 0.12mm; the composition of the graphene copper-based alloy layer 12 comprises copper and graphene, wherein the copper content is 95wt% and the graphene content is 3.5wt%; the brazing filler metal layer 13 is a phosphorus-containing copper-based brazing filler metal layer, wherein the phosphorus content is 5 weight percent, and the thickness of the brazing filler metal layer is 0.08mm; the contact support 2 is made of brass, wherein the copper content is 65wt%, and the thickness of the contact support is 1.5mm; the surface treatment is a chemical pickling method;
(2) Placing the contact support 2 in an imitation groove on the lower welding electrode 4, wherein the shape of the imitation groove is matched with that of the contact support 2, fastening the contact support 2 on the lower welding electrode 4, and then placing a brazing filler metal layer 13 of the contact 1 downwards in a welding area on the surface of the contact support 2, wherein when the contact 1 is placed, the contact support 2 and the contact 1 are in a parallel joint mode, and the plane size of the contact support 2 is larger than that of the contact 1; the upper welding electrode 3 is moved downwards and pressed on the surface of the silver alloy layer 11 of the contact 1; wherein, the conductivity of the upper welding electrode 3 is 37 percent IACS, the material is AgW80 alloy, the conductivity of the lower welding electrode 4 is 30 percent IACS, and the material is CuW85 alloy; a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of the upper and lower welding joints and the contact assembly before welding is shown in fig. 2;
(3) Setting welding process parameters, wherein the welding process parameters comprise welding pressure, welding current, welding time and maintaining time, the welding pressure is 1000N, the welding current is 7.5kA, the welding time is 200ms, starting resistance welding equipment, in the welding process, the temperature of the surface of the silver alloy layer 11 is 80 ℃ lower than the alloying temperature of silver and copper, the welding of the contact assembly is completed, the maintaining time after welding is 50ms, the welding process parameters are cooled through the heat dissipation of a water cooling channel in the upper welding electrode 3, and the solder is taken out after solidification, so that the contact assembly is obtained.
In this embodiment, a schematic structural diagram of the contact assembly obtained by the welding method is shown in fig. 3; the contact assembly has high welding quality, strong interlayer binding force, no defects of silver-copper alloying and interlayer cracking, and the welding shearing force can reach 100N/mm 2 The brazing rate (the proportion of the contact fusion area to the theoretical contact area of the contact and the contact support) can reach 95%.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a welding method of a contact assembly, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The contact support 2 and the contact 1 are respectively subjected to surface treatment, wherein the contact 1 is of a layered structure and sequentially comprises a silver alloy layer 11, a graphene copper-based alloy layer 12 and a brazing filler metal layer 13 from top to bottom; the contact 1 is a graphene copper-based silver-coated structure contact, and the total thickness is 0.5mm; the silver alloy layer 11 is a silver-carbon alloy layer, wherein the silver content is 94wt% and the thickness is 0.05mm; the composition of the graphene copper-based alloy layer 12 comprises copper and graphene, wherein the copper content is 96wt% and the graphene content is 3wt%; the brazing filler metal layer 13 is a phosphorous copper-based brazing filler metal layer, wherein the phosphorous content is 6.5 weight percent, and the thickness of the brazing filler metal layer is 0.05mm; the contact support 2 is made of brass, wherein the copper content is 60wt%, and the thickness of the contact support is 0.8mm; the surface treatment is a physical polishing method;
(2) Placing the contact support 2 in an imitation groove on the lower welding electrode 4, wherein the shape of the imitation groove is matched with that of the contact support 2, fastening the contact support 2 on the lower welding electrode 4, and then placing a brazing filler metal layer 13 of the contact 1 downwards in a welding area on the surface of the contact support 2, wherein when the contact 1 is placed, the contact support 2 and the contact 1 are in a parallel joint mode, and the plane size of the contact support 2 is larger than that of the contact 1; the upper welding electrode 3 is moved downwards and pressed on the surface of the silver alloy layer 11 of the contact 1; wherein, the conductivity of the upper welding electrode 3 is 41 percent IACS, the material is AgW75 alloy, the conductivity of the lower welding electrode 4 is 35 percent IACS, and the material is CuW80 alloy;
(3) Setting welding process parameters, wherein the welding process parameters comprise welding pressure, welding current, welding time and maintaining time, the welding pressure is 800N, the welding current is 6.5kA, the welding time is 150ms, the resistance welding equipment is started, in the welding process, the temperature of the surface of the silver alloy layer 11 is 100 ℃ lower than the alloying temperature of silver and copper, the welding of the contact assembly is completed, the maintaining time after the welding is 30ms, the welding process parameters are cooled through the heat dissipation of a water cooling channel in the upper welding electrode 3, and the solder is taken out after solidification, so that the contact assembly is obtained.
In the embodiment, the contact assembly obtained by adopting the welding method has high welding quality, strong interlayer binding force, no defects of silver-copper alloying and interlayer cracking, and the welding shearing force can reach 90N/mm 2 The brazing rate can reach 90%.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a welding method of a contact assembly, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The contact support 2 and the contact 1 are respectively subjected to surface treatment, wherein the contact 1 is of a layered structure and sequentially comprises a silver alloy layer 11, a graphene copper-based alloy layer 12 and a brazing filler metal layer 13 from top to bottom; the contact 1 is a graphene copper-based silver-coated structure contact, and the total thickness is 1mm; the silver alloy layer 11 is a silver-carbon alloy layer, wherein the silver content is 96wt%, and the thickness is 0.2mm; the composition of the graphene copper-based alloy layer 12 comprises copper and graphene, wherein the copper content is 96.5wt% and the graphene content is 2.5wt%; the brazing filler metal layer 13 is a phosphorus-containing silver-based brazing filler metal layer, wherein the phosphorus content is 4.5 weight percent, and the thickness of the brazing filler metal layer is 0.15mm; the contact support 2 is made of brass, wherein the copper content is 70wt%, and the thickness is 2mm; the surface treatment is a physical polishing method, and the contact support 2 is subjected to electroplating treatment;
(2) Placing the contact support 2 in an imitation groove on the lower welding electrode 4, wherein the shape of the imitation groove is matched with that of the contact support 2, fastening the contact support 2 on the lower welding electrode 4, and then placing a brazing filler metal layer 13 of the contact 1 downwards in a welding area on the surface of the contact support 2, wherein when the contact 1 is placed, the contact support 2 and the contact 1 are in a parallel joint mode, and the plane size of the contact support 2 is larger than that of the contact 1; the upper welding electrode 3 is moved downwards and pressed on the surface of the silver alloy layer 11 of the contact 1; wherein, the conductivity of the upper welding electrode 3 is 45% IACS, the material is AgW70 alloy, the conductivity of the lower welding electrode 4 is 40% IACS, and the material is CuW75 alloy;
(3) Setting welding process parameters, wherein the welding process parameters comprise welding pressure, welding current, welding time and maintaining time, the welding pressure is 700N, the welding current is 6.0kA, the welding time is 120ms, resistance welding equipment is started, in the welding process, the temperature of the surface of the silver alloy layer 11 is 50 ℃ lower than the alloying temperature of silver and copper, the welding of the contact assembly is completed, the maintaining time after the welding is 60ms, the welding process parameters are cooled through the heat dissipation of a water cooling channel in the upper welding electrode 3, and the solder is taken out after solidification, so that the contact assembly is obtained.
In this embodiment, the contact group obtained by the welding method is adoptedThe welding quality of the parts is high, the interlayer binding force is strong, the defects of silver-copper alloying and interlayer cracking are avoided, and the welding shearing force can reach 80N/mm 2 The brazing rate can reach 85%.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides a welding method of a contact assembly, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The contact support 2 and the contact 1 are respectively subjected to surface treatment, wherein the contact 1 is of a layered structure and sequentially comprises a silver alloy layer 11, a graphene copper-based alloy layer 12 and a brazing filler metal layer 13 from top to bottom; the contact 1 is a graphene copper-based silver-coated structure contact, and the total thickness is 0.7mm; the silver alloy layer 11 is a silver-carbon alloy layer, wherein the silver content is 94.5 weight percent, and the thickness is 0.1mm; the composition of the graphene copper-based alloy layer 12 comprises copper and graphene, wherein the copper content is 95.5wt% and the graphene content is 3.2wt%; the brazing filler metal layer 13 is a phosphorus-containing silver-based brazing filler metal layer, wherein the phosphorus content is 5.5 weight percent, and the thickness of the brazing filler metal layer is 0.12mm; the contact support 2 is made of brass, wherein the copper content is 62 weight percent, and the thickness of the contact support is 1.2mm; the surface treatment is a chemical acid washing method and a physical polishing method, and the contact support 2 is subjected to electroplating treatment;
(2) Placing the contact support 2 in an imitation groove on the lower welding electrode 4, wherein the shape of the imitation groove is matched with that of the contact support 2, fastening the contact support 2 on the lower welding electrode 4, and then placing a brazing filler metal layer 13 of the contact 1 downwards in a welding area on the surface of the contact support 2, wherein when the contact 1 is placed, the contact support 2 and the contact 1 are in a parallel joint mode, and the plane size of the contact support 2 is larger than that of the contact 1; the upper welding electrode 3 is moved downwards and pressed on the surface of the silver alloy layer 11 of the contact 1; wherein, the conductivity of the upper welding electrode 3 is 40% IACS, the material is CuW75 alloy, the copper content is 25wt%, the conductivity of the lower welding electrode 4 is 34% IACS, the material is CuW80 alloy, the copper content is 20wt%;
(3) Setting welding process parameters, wherein the welding process parameters comprise welding pressure, welding current, welding time and maintaining time, the welding pressure is 500N, the welding current is 5.5kA, the welding time is 100ms, starting resistance welding equipment, in the welding process, the temperature of the surface of the silver alloy layer 11 is 60 ℃ lower than the silver copper alloying temperature, the welding of the contact assembly is completed, the maintaining time after the welding is 40ms, the welding process parameters are cooled through the heat dissipation of a water cooling channel in the upper welding electrode 3, and the solder is taken out after solidification, so that the contact assembly is obtained.
In the embodiment, the contact assembly obtained by adopting the welding method has high welding quality, strong interlayer binding force, no defects of silver-copper alloying and interlayer cracking, and the welding shearing force can reach 70N/mm 2 The brazing rate can reach 85%.
Example 5:
the embodiment provides a welding method of a contact assembly, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The contact support 2 and the contact 1 are respectively subjected to surface treatment, wherein the contact 1 is of a layered structure and sequentially comprises a silver alloy layer 11, a graphene copper-based alloy layer 12 and a brazing filler metal layer 13 from top to bottom; the contact 1 is a graphene copper-based silver-coated structure contact, and the total thickness is 0.9mm; the silver alloy layer 11 is a silver-carbon alloy layer, wherein the silver content is 95.5 weight percent, and the thickness is 0.16mm; the composition of the graphene copper-based alloy layer 12 comprises copper and graphene, wherein the copper content is 97wt% and the graphene content is 2wt%; the brazing filler metal layer 13 is a phosphorous copper-based brazing filler metal layer, wherein the phosphorous content is 7 weight percent, and the thickness of the brazing filler metal layer is 0.07mm; the contact support 2 is made of brass, wherein the copper content is 68wt%, and the thickness of the contact support is 1.8mm; the surface treatment is a chemical acid washing method and a physical polishing method;
(2) Placing the contact support 2 in an imitation groove on the lower welding electrode 4, wherein the shape of the imitation groove is matched with that of the contact support 2, fastening the contact support 2 on the lower welding electrode 4, and then placing a brazing filler metal layer 13 of the contact 1 downwards in a welding area on the surface of the contact support 2, wherein when the contact 1 is placed, the contact support 2 and the contact 1 are in a parallel joint mode, and the plane size of the contact support 2 is larger than that of the contact 1; the upper welding electrode 3 is moved downwards and pressed on the surface of the silver alloy layer 11 of the contact 1; wherein, the conductivity of the upper welding electrode 3 is 40% IACS, the material is MoCu20 alloy, the copper content is 20wt%, the conductivity of the lower welding electrode 4 is 32% IACS, the material is MoCu10 alloy, the copper content is 10wt%;
(3) Setting welding process parameters, wherein the welding process parameters comprise welding pressure, welding current, welding time and maintaining time, the welding pressure is 600N, the welding current is 7.0kA, the welding time is 160ms, resistance welding equipment is started, in the welding process, the temperature of the surface of the silver alloy layer 11 is 70 ℃ lower than the alloying temperature of silver and copper, the welding of the contact assembly is completed, the maintaining time after the welding is 45ms, the welding process parameters are cooled through the heat dissipation of a water cooling channel in the upper welding electrode 3, and the solder is taken out after solidification, so that the contact assembly is obtained.
In the embodiment, the contact assembly obtained by adopting the welding method has high welding quality, strong interlayer binding force, no defects of silver-copper alloying and interlayer cracking, and the welding shearing force can reach 80N/mm 2 The brazing rate can reach 90%.
Comparative example 1:
this comparative example provides a method of welding a contact assembly, which is different from the method of embodiment example 1 only in that: in the step (2), the conductivity of the upper welding electrode 3 and the lower welding electrode 4 is 30% IACS, and the materials are CuW85 alloy.
In the comparative example, the upper and lower welding electrodes are made of the same material and have the same conductivity when the contact assembly is welded, i.e. the surface temperature of the silver alloy layer cannot be controlled to be lower than the silver copper alloying temperature, the graphene copper alloy layer and the silver alloy layer may crack between layers, and the welding shear force is reduced to 50N/mm 2 In the following, the compactness is also deteriorated, and the application performance is affected.
It can be seen from the above embodiments and comparative examples that the method of the present invention can effectively regulate and control the temperatures of different positions in the contact assembly, particularly control the temperatures between the silver alloy layer and the graphene copper-based alloy layer, avoid the problems of silver-copper alloying or interlayer cracking, avoid the defects of non-compact interlayer structure and delamination, maintain good bonding force, ensure stable and reliable welding quality, and simultaneously do not affect the fusion welding resistance and ablation resistance of the contact by selecting the materials of each structural layer in the contact assembly, and controlling the welding electrode materials and the welding process; the method is simple and convenient to operate, low in cost, easy to realize automatic production and wide in application range.
The applicant states that the detailed method of the present invention is illustrated by the above examples, but the present invention is not limited to the detailed method described above, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must be practiced in dependence upon the detailed method described above. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modifications of the present invention, equivalent substitutions for the method of the present invention, addition of auxiliary steps, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope of the present invention and the scope of the disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A method of welding a contact assembly, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Respectively carrying out surface treatment on the contact support and the contact, wherein the contact is of a layered structure and sequentially comprises a silver alloy layer, a graphene copper-based alloy layer and a brazing filler metal layer from top to bottom;
(2) Placing the contact support in a profiling groove on the lower welding electrode, then placing a solder layer of the contact downwards in a welding area on the surface of the contact support, moving the upper welding electrode downwards, and pressing the upper welding electrode on the surface of a silver alloy layer of the contact; wherein the conductivity of the lower welding electrode is lower than that of the upper welding electrode;
(3) Setting welding process parameters including welding pressure, welding current, welding time and maintaining time, starting resistance welding equipment, and finishing welding of the contact assembly.
2. The welding method of claim 1, wherein the contacts of step (1) are graphene copper-based silver-coated structured contacts;
the total thickness of the contact in the step (1) is 0.5-1 mm.
3. The welding method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the silver alloy layer in the contact in step (1) is a silver-carbon alloy layer having a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2mm;
the silver content in the silver-carbon alloy layer in the step (1) is 92-97wt%;
the solder layer in the contact in the step (1) comprises a phosphorous copper-based solder layer or a phosphorous silver-based solder layer, and the thickness of the solder layer is 0.02-0.15 mm;
the phosphorus content in the solder layer in the step (1) is 4.5-7wt%;
the composition of the graphene copper-based alloy layer in the contact in the step (1) comprises copper and graphene;
the copper content in the graphene copper-based alloy layer in the step (1) is more than 95wt% and the graphene content is less than 3.5 wt%.
4. A welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the material of the contact holder in step (1) comprises any one of brass, copper or steel;
the copper content in the brass in the step (1) is 60-70 wt%;
the thickness of the contact support in the step (1) is 0.8-2 mm;
the surface treatment of step (1) comprises chemical treatment and/or physical polishing, the chemical treatment comprising electroplating and/or pickling;
the plating is performed only for the contact holder.
5. The method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the shape of the contoured slot on the lower welding electrode of step (2) matches the shape of the contact holder, securing the contact holder to the lower welding electrode;
when the contacts are placed, the contact support and the contacts are in the form of parallel connectors, and the plane size of the contact support is larger than that of the contacts;
the upper welding electrode can move up and down and is controlled by a pressure mechanism in welding equipment.
6. The welding method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the upper welding electrode of step (2) has an electrical conductivity of 35% iacs or greater;
the upper welding electrode in the step (2) is made of any one of silver-tungsten alloy, copper-tungsten alloy or molybdenum-copper alloy;
in the material of the upper welding electrode, the silver content in the silver-tungsten alloy is 20-80 wt%, the copper content in the copper-tungsten alloy is 20-50 wt%, and the copper content in the molybdenum-copper alloy is 15-60 wt%;
the conductivity of the lower welding electrode in the step (2) is more than 30% IACS and is lower than that of the upper welding electrode;
the lower welding electrode in the step (2) is made of copper tungsten alloy or molybdenum copper alloy;
in the material of the lower welding electrode, the copper content in the copper-tungsten alloy is 15-30wt% and the copper content in the molybdenum-copper alloy is 10-30wt%.
7. The welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein step (3) starts a power supply of the resistance welding apparatus to be energized, and sets welding process parameters;
the welding pressure in the step (3) is 500-1000N;
the welding current in the step (3) is 5.5-7.5 kA;
the welding time in the step (3) is 100-200 ms;
the maintenance time in the step (3) is not less than 20ms;
in the welding process in the step (3), the surface temperature of the silver alloy layer is at least 50-100 ℃ lower than the silver copper alloying temperature.
8. The method of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the post-weld cooling of step (3) and the solder solidification followed by removal of the contact assembly;
the cooling mode is that the welding pressure of the welding electrode is continuously maintained, and the welding electrode is cooled by heat dissipation through a water cooling channel in the upper welding electrode.
9. Contact assembly obtainable by the welding method according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. Use of a contact assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that the contact assembly is used in a electrical appliance, preferably a circuit breaker product.
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