CN117833562A - Self-driven intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a self-driving intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises a motor body and a cooling system, wherein the cooling system consists of a central shaft and a cycloid pump, a cooling oil pipe is communicated with the motor cavity and the cycloid pump to form a circulation loop, an oil injection hole is arranged on the central shaft, the central shaft drives the cycloid pump to move so as to circulate cooling oil in the central shaft and cooling oil in the motor through the cooling oil pipe, and the cooling oil can fully cool each heat source structure in the motor, so that the heat dissipation capacity of each heat source structure is improved, the highest hot spot temperature of the motor is reduced, and the invention not only improves the working performance of the oil-cooled cooling structure of the motor, but also improves the efficiency of the cooling structure.

Description

Self-driven intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of motor shafts, in particular to a self-driving intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor.

Background

With the development of science and technology, the emphasis of the motor in practical application has been shifted from simple transmission to complex control in the past, and meanwhile, the working environment of the motor is more and more variable. Conventional motor cooling methods include air cooling and water cooling. The air cooling method cools the motor by increasing the air flow of the motor. The conventional water cooling method requires a cooling pump and a driving power source to complete circulation of the cooling liquid. However, in a vacuum environment, no air exists, and the motor cannot be cooled by an air cooling method. Since there is no thermal convection in the vacuum, only thermal conduction and radiation, cooling of the motor in the vacuum is difficult. The traditional water cooling method needs to complete the circulation of the cooling liquid through a cooling pump and a driving power supply, thereby consuming energy and occupying space. The self-driven cooling process cannot be realized.

Patent number "CN111934457A" discloses a self-adaptation integration cooling axle based on centrifugal self-driven, with the rotor co-rotation of motor, be provided with the cooling axle cooling channel of its axis of parallelism in the cooling axle, cooling axle cooling channel one end runs through the cooling axle and is provided with the inlet, the lateral wall of cooling axle is provided with a plurality of logical grooves that switch on with cooling axle cooling channel, lead to the groove and form the closed loop with cooling axle cooling channel and return to the way, the closed loop is returned to the way and is filled with the coolant liquid, realize the circulation of coolant liquid through centrifugal force when cooling axle rotates, but above-mentioned device can not satisfy the actual use demand.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects, the invention aims to provide the self-driven intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor, which can realize the circulation of cooling liquid by utilizing the centrifugal force of the rotation of the cooling shaft when a motor or other rotary mechanical equipment (such as a rotary cylinder, an inertia wheel, a flywheel and a large-scale bearing) rotates, and the cooling shaft not only realizes the function of a rotating shaft, but also realizes the self-driving in the cooling liquid circulation process without an additional driving piece.

The self-driven intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized by comprising a motor body and a cooling system, wherein the cooling system consists of a central shaft and a cycloid pump, a cooling oil pipe is communicated with the motor cavity and the cycloid pump to form a circulation loop, an oil injection hole is formed in the central shaft, and the central shaft drives the cycloid pump to move so as to enable cooling oil in the central shaft and cooling oil in the motor to form circulation through the cooling oil pipe.

Further, the stator rotor and the magnetic yoke in the motor body are arranged in the shell, a motor cavity is formed between the motor body and the end cover, the magnetic yoke is provided with the permanent magnets, the permanent magnets in the rotor are made of high-strength materials, and the motor is prevented from being broken down due to the material problem.

Furthermore, the central shaft adopts a rear end hollow design, the tail part is welded with an internal spline gear shaft connected with the cycloid pump rotor, the double-line cycloid pump rotor can be driven to move through the gear shaft, and the central shaft not only realizes the function of a rotating shaft, but also realizes self-driving in the cooling oil circulation process through the design.

Further, an oil cooling circulation device is formed between the central shaft and the cycloid pump, the central shaft drives the cycloid pump to rotate to match with the spring to provide negative pressure for the motor cavity for multiple times, cooling oil enters the oil outlet hole and enters the cycloid pump to return to the central shaft through the cooling oil pipe to form circulation, a circulation loop is designed to provide flowing force of cooling liquid, circulation of the cooling liquid is realized through centrifugal force of the central shaft and air pressure of the cycloid pump, and the rotor and the central shaft are cooled in the circulation process without additional driving force.

Furthermore, the oil spraying holes are divided into two groups, each group is positively arranged with a plurality of oil spraying holes around the center of the center shaft, and the oil spraying holes are respectively distributed on the center shafts at the two sides of the rotor.

Further, be provided with the fuel sprayer on the nozzle opening, the diameter and the height of fuel sprayer are adjusted according to the motor application scene of equidimension, combine the center pin of different models to carry out the omnidirectional heat dissipation to the rotor.

Furthermore, the oil nozzle can form fan-shaped spray under the pressure of the cycloid pump, and the fan-shaped oil spray is sprayed on the winding end part, so that the heat dissipation efficiency can be greatly increased due to the design of spray, and the situation that heat dissipation at certain positions does not reach the standard due to accumulation of cooling liquid can be reduced.

Furthermore, the number and distribution positions of the oil spray holes in each group can be adjusted according to different application scenes.

Furthermore, an oil outlet is formed in the connecting position of the end cover and the cooling oil pipe, an O-shaped ring is designed at the connecting position of the end cover and the shell, cooling circulation is formed by designing the oil outlet, and the air tightness of the motor is improved by designing the O-shaped ring.

Furthermore, the cycloid pump is designed on the end cover, and the oil inlet and the air vent are formed in the outer sealing cover of the cycloid pump, so that the normal operation of the cooling circulation can be ensured through the design.

According to the self-driving intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by the embodiment of the invention, the cooling pipeline is arranged between the end cover and the cycloid pump, the central shaft is in a rear hollow design and is connected with the cycloid pump, then the central shaft, the motor cavity, the cooling pipeline and the cycloid pump form cooling circulation, after cooling liquid enters the inner cavity of the central shaft, the surrounding parts are cooled by spraying through the oil spraying holes through which the cooling oil in the inner cavity of the central shaft passes under the action of the pressure of the cycloid pump and the centrifugal force of the central shaft, and finally the cooling liquid flows out from the oil outlet to enter the cooling pipeline under the action of gravity, so that the circulating cooling is realized. Therefore, the device provided by the invention can fully cool each heat source structure in the motor, improves the heat dissipation capacity of each heat source structure and reduces the highest hot spot temperature of the motor, and not only improves the working performance of the oil cooling structure of the motor, but also improves the efficiency of the cooling structure.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a central shaft;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a gerotor pump;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the central shaft;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5;

in the figure: 1-center shaft, 1.1-oil injection hole, 1.2-center shaft cavity, 1.3-oil injection nozzle, 2-cycloid pump, 2.1-cycloid pump rotor, 2.2-sealing cover, 2.3-ventilation hole, 2.4-oil inlet hole, 3-cooling pipeline, 4-end cover, 5-shell, 6-oil outlet hole, 7-motor cavity, 8-winding, 9-bearing, 10-wiring mouth and 11-O-ring.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the device is divided into a motor body and a cooling system, the cooling system consists of a central shaft 1 and a cycloid pump 2, the central shaft 1 is provided with oil spray holes 1.1, the oil spray holes 1.1 are divided into two groups, each group is provided with a plurality of oil spray holes 1.1 which are regularly arranged around the center of the central shaft 1, the oil spray holes 1.1 are respectively distributed on the central shaft 1 on two sides of a rotor, the oil spray holes 1.1 are also provided with oil spray nozzles 1.3, and the oil spray nozzles 1.3 can form fan-shaped spray under the pressure of the cycloid pump 2; the motor body is divided into a stator rotor and a magnetic yoke and is arranged in a shell 5 of the motor, a motor cavity 7 among the rotor, the shell 5 and an end cover 4 forms the motor cavity 7, an oil outlet 6 is formed at the connecting position of the end cover 4 and a cooling pipeline 3, an O-shaped ring 11 is designed at the connecting position of the end cover 4 and the shell 5, a permanent magnet is arranged in the magnetic yoke, and the permanent magnet in the rotor is made of a high-strength material; the central shaft 1 adopts a rear end hollow design, the tail part of the central shaft is welded with an internal spline gear shaft connected with a cycloid pump rotor, then an oil cooling circulation device is formed between the central shaft 1 and the cycloid pump 2, a cooling pipeline 3 is communicated with a motor cavity 7 and the cycloid pump 2 to form a circulation loop, and the central shaft 1 drives the cycloid pump 2 to move so as to circulate cooling oil in the central shaft 1 and cooling oil in the motor through the cooling pipeline 3.

In the device, a central shaft 1 adopts a rear hollow design, a central shaft cavity 1.2 is reserved at the middle part, the opening of the central shaft cavity 1.2 is the tail part of the central shaft 1 and is welded with an internal spline gear shaft connected with a cycloid pump rotor, the central shaft 1 can drive a pump core of the cycloid pump 2 to move through the rotation of the gear shaft, through the design, the central shaft 1 not only realizes the function of a rotating shaft, but also realizes self-driving in the cooling oil circulation process, an oil injection hole 1.1 is communicated with a motor cavity 7, the central shaft cavity 1.2 of the central shaft 1 is communicated with the cycloid pump 2, the central shaft 1 can drive the cycloid pump 2 to rotate to be matched with a spring to provide air pressure for the central shaft cavity 1.2 of the central shaft 1 for a plurality of times when the central shaft 1 rotates, then an oil injection nozzle 1.3 can be sprayed out under the pressure of the cycloid pump 2 to form fan-shaped spray, fan-shaped oil spray sprays on the rotor tip, spray into the vaporific increase radiating efficiency that can be very big through the design hydrojet, can also reduce and appear the circumstances that some positions heat dissipation is not up to standard because of the coolant liquid piles up, then the coolant oil can pile up in the bottom because of gravity, the coolant oil gets into oil outlet 6 through gravity and the suction that the negative pressure of cycloid pump 2 provided, and then get into cycloid pump 2 through cooling tube 3 and get back to center pin 1 and constitute the circulation, the cycloid pump 2 return circuit of design circulation has provided the power that the coolant liquid flows, the circulation promotion to the coolant liquid has been realized through the centrifugal force of center pin 1 and the atmospheric pressure of cycloid pump 2, cool off rotor and center pin 1 in the circulation in-process, need not extra driving force.

The oil spray holes 1.1 on the central shaft 1 are divided into two groups, three or four oil spray holes 1.1 are positively arranged around the center of the central shaft 1, the two groups of oil spray holes 1.1 are respectively distributed on the central shafts 1 at the positions at the two sides of the rotor, the two sides of the rotor can be just subjected to multidirectional heat dissipation through the designed oil spray holes 1.1, the working state of the rotor can not be influenced, the oil spray nozzles 1.3 are further arranged on one group of oil spray holes 1.1, the diameter and the height of the oil spray nozzles 1.3 can be adjusted according to the application scenes of motors with different sizes, the central shafts 1 with different types are combined to perform omnibearing heat dissipation on the rotor, in addition, the oil spray nozzles 1.3 can spray under the pressure provided by the cycloid pump 2 to form fan-shaped spray, fan-shaped oil spray can be uniformly sprayed on the end part of the winding 8, the designed sprayed liquid is spray mist-shaped, the heat dissipation efficiency can be greatly increased, and the situation that heat dissipation at certain positions cannot reach standards due to accumulation of cooling liquid can be reduced.

In the device, the self-driven intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor is a special motor design, combines the advantages of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and a self-driven cooling system, and utilizes the internal cooling oil flow to effectively reduce the heat generated when the motor operates, and the structure of the motor generally comprises the following key parts;

a stator comprising windings 8 for generating a rotating magnetic field. The stator windings are usually three-phase and are arranged on a stator core (also called a yoke) according to a specific distribution mode, the stator core is usually formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, a good magnetic conduction path is provided, the stator windings are usually three-phase alternating current winding coils are embedded in stator slots according to a specific distribution mode (such as star shape or triangle shape), and a rotating magnetic field is generated after the windings 8 are electrified; the rotor is provided with magnetic poles made of permanent magnet materials, such as rare earth permanent magnet materials like neodymium iron boron or samarium cobalt, and the like, and is used for generating a stable magnetic field interacted with a magnetic field of the stator, wherein the permanent magnets can be built-in permanent magnets or external permanent magnets, the built-in permanent magnets are positioned inside the rotor, and the external permanent magnets are attached in an air gap between the rotor and the stator on the surface of the rotor to form a rotating magnetic field, so that the rotor moves synchronously along with the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator.

A self-driven cooling system, an important feature of this type of motor, generally comprises a closed oil chamber in which cooling oil is used to cool the critical components of the motor, such as the stator windings, rotor and bearings 9; the cooling oil circulates in such a way as to take away heat, for example by means of a centrifugal gerotor pump 2 or a thermosiphon effect; the two components of the gerotor pump 2 and the central shaft 1 are usually integrated together to form a device which is equivalent to a vortex pump, when the central shaft 1 rotates, the turbine part of the gerotor pump 2 rotates along with the central shaft 1, so that the gerotor pump 2 pumps cooling oil from one end of an oil cavity of the central shaft 1 to the other end, the centrifugal force of the central shaft 1 and the air pressure of the gerotor pump 2 push the circulation of the cooling oil and then spray the cooling oil out of the oil injection hole 1.1, the cooling oil is sprayed on a key heat source area of the motor, such as a stator winding 8, a bearing 9 and a rotor permanent magnet, a cooling channel is arranged on the end cover 4, so that the cooling oil can take heat through the channels, a radiator can be arranged on the cooling pipeline 3, the cooling effect can be further enhanced, and some designs also comprise an external radiator, and the heat in the cooling oil can be dispersed into the surrounding environment.

The central shaft 1 and the bearings 9 support the rotor and allow it to rotate freely, and the choice of suitable bearing 9 materials and lubrication is important because of the need to withstand high speed rotation and load pressures; the arrangement of the end cover 4 and the O-shaped ring 11 protects the motor from external pollutants, ensures that cooling oil cannot leak, prevents the cooling oil from leaking through a mechanical seal, and prevents dust and other pollutants from entering the interior of the motor; the cooling medium is in this case usually a special oil, which has good heat conducting properties and electrical insulation to ensure a safe and efficient cooling effect; the wiring port 10 and the cable are used for connecting a power supply and a control circuit so as to supply power to the motor and control the working state of the motor, and the control circuit comprises an inverter and other electronic elements and is used for controlling the speed, the torque and the direction of the motor so as to adapt to different working conditions; an oil outlet 6 is formed in the connection position of the end cover 4 and the cooling pipeline 3, an O-shaped ring 11 is designed at the connection position of the end cover 4 and the shell 5, cooling circulation is formed by designing the oil outlet 6, and the O-shaped ring 11 is designed to increase the air tightness of the motor; the cycloid pump 2 is designed on the end cover 4, the oil inlet hole 2.4 and the air vent hole 2.3 are formed in the outer sealing cover 2.2 of the cycloid pump 2, and the normal operation of the cooling circulation can be ensured through the design.

The design of such self-driven intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motors aims to improve the efficiency, power density and reliability of the motor while reducing maintenance requirements, as the cooling system does not require additional power supply, the specific construction may vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, and the above list is a few basic components.

The motor is a novel permanent magnet synchronous motor, and aims to solve the problem that the motor with lighter weight and shorter length is required to realize high-power output. The motor is internally pre-filled with a plurality of liters of high and low temperature resistant, insulating 40# transformer oil and oil, and the quantity depends on the height of the immersed stator bottom layer winding 8. The main transmission shaft of the motor adopts a rear hollow design, an inner spline gear shaft connected with a rotor of the double-line cycloid pump is welded at the tail part, the rotor of the double-line cycloid pump 2 can be driven to move through the gear shaft, and an oil suction pump is formed after the cycloid pump 2 starts to move, so that 40# transformer oil in the motor can be sucked, heat of the motor is effectively brought out, and the temperature of the motor is rapidly reduced.

The inside center pin 1 of motor has 2 3 equipartitions of oil sprayer 1.3, this oil sprayer 1.3 can form fan-shaped spraying under the pressure of oil pump, fan-shaped oil spraying sprays on winding 8 tip, for important parts such as winding 8 and magnet steel dispel the heat rapidly, the heat is derived through cooling tube 3 fast, the motor has designed the structure of high protection for realizing the long-term circulation of oil in the motor inside, prevent the exudation of oil, the motor has designed the oil blanket in the position of exiting the axle, the junction of end cover 4 and casing 5 has designed O type circle 11, other positions have all made high protection design, in order to verify the reliability of protection simultaneously, the motor will be airtight test, the motor inside can bear and increase under 0.09Mpa, the gas leakage condition does not appear in the motor, thereby effectively ensure the circulation of inside cooling oil.

In addition to the above embodiments, the technical features or technical data of the present invention may be rearranged and combined within the scope of the claims and the description of the present invention to constitute new embodiments, which may be implemented without inventive effort by those skilled in the art, and thus, embodiments of the present invention not described in detail should be considered as embodiments of the present invention within the scope of the protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a self-driven intracavity oil cooling permanent magnet synchronous motor which characterized in that, the device includes motor body and cooling system, cooling system comprises center pin (1) and cycloid pump (2), cooling pipeline (3) intercommunication motor cavity (7) and cycloid pump (2) form the circulation loop, oil spout hole (1.1) are seted up on center pin (1), center pin (1) drive cycloid pump (2) motion with the cooling oil in center pin (1) and the cooling oil in the motor form the circulation through cooling pipeline (3).

2. The self-driven intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 1 wherein the windings (8) of the stator rotor and the yoke in the motor body are disposed in the housing (5), the housing (5) and the end cap (4) form a motor chamber (7), the yoke is a permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet in the rotor is made of a high-strength material.

3. The self-driving intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that the central shaft (1) adopts a rear end hollow design, the tail part is welded with an internal spline gear shaft (2.3) connected with a cycloid pump rotor (2.1), and the cycloid pump rotor (2.1) can be driven to move through the internal spline gear shaft (2.3).

4. The self-driving intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, wherein an oil outlet (6) is formed at the connection position of the end cover (4) and the cooling pipeline (3), and an O-shaped ring (11) is designed at the connection position of the end cover (4) and the casing (5).

5. The self-driven intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 4 wherein an oil cooling circulation device is formed between said central shaft (1) and said gerotor pump (2), said central shaft (1) drives said gerotor pump (2) to rotate in coordination with a spring to provide air pressure to said central shaft cavity (1.2) a plurality of times, and said cooling oil enters said oil outlet hole (6) and returns to said central shaft (1) through said cooling pipe (3) and enters said gerotor pump (2).

6. The self-driven intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, wherein the oil spray holes (1.1) are divided into two groups, each group is provided with a plurality of oil spray holes (1.1) which are arranged around the center of the center shaft (1) in a positive way, and the oil spray holes are respectively distributed on the center shafts on two sides of the winding (8).

7. The self-driven intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 6 wherein said oil jet (1.1) is provided with an oil jet (1.3), the diameter and height of said oil jet (1.3) being adjusted according to motor application scenarios of different sizes.

8. A self-driven intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 7 wherein the oil spray nozzle (1.3) is adapted to form a fan-shaped spray under the pressure of the gerotor pump (2), the fan-shaped oil spray being sprayed onto the ends of the windings (8).

9. The self-driven intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 6 wherein the number and distribution of said oil jets (1.1) of each set are adjustable according to different application scenarios.

10. The self-driven intracavity oil-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the cycloid pump (2) is designed on the end cover (4), and the oil inlet hole (2.4) and the air vent (2.3) are formed in the sealing cover (2.2) outside the cycloid pump (2).