CN117822948A - Low-layer energy-saving heat-preservation concrete house capable of being quickly built and construction method - Google Patents

Low-layer energy-saving heat-preservation concrete house capable of being quickly built and construction method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117822948A
CN117822948A CN202410155647.5A CN202410155647A CN117822948A CN 117822948 A CN117822948 A CN 117822948A CN 202410155647 A CN202410155647 A CN 202410155647A CN 117822948 A CN117822948 A CN 117822948A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
insulating
concrete
heat
prefabricated heat
prefabricated
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Pending
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CN202410155647.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张英保
张裕照
廖丽英
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Beijing Everest Green Building Technology Co ltd
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Beijing Everest Green Building Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202410155647.5A priority Critical patent/CN117822948A/en
Publication of CN117822948A publication Critical patent/CN117822948A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/02—Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
    • E04B7/026—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs consisting of prefabricated modules, e.g. box-like or cell-like units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/02—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of low bending resistance
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
    • E04C5/12—Anchoring devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-rise energy-saving heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built and a construction method thereof, comprising a concrete foundation, a plurality of prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards and a plurality of prefabricated heat-insulating roof boards; when the number of floors is greater than 1 floor, the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab also comprises a plurality of prefabricated heat-insulating floor slabs; all the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards and the heat-insulating layers in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof boards together form a continuous heat-insulating structure; all cavities, through holes and cast-in-place holes are inserted with anchor bars and poured with concrete to form a hidden column structure, transverse bars are arranged in grooves at the top and the bottom of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard and poured with concrete to form a hidden beam structure or a foundation connection structure, and the concrete foundation, the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard and the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board are fixed together or the concrete foundation, the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard, the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab and the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board are fixed together.

Description

Low-layer energy-saving heat-preservation concrete house capable of being quickly built and construction method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete energy-saving heat-insulating buildings, in particular to a low-rise energy-saving heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built and a construction method.
Background
The assembled building is formed by transferring a large amount of field operation work in the traditional building mode to a factory, processing and manufacturing building components and accessories (such as floors, wallboards, stairs, balconies and the like) in the factory, transporting to a building construction site, and assembling and installing the building on site in a reliable connection mode. The prefabricated building mainly comprises a prefabricated concrete structure, a steel structure, a modern wood structure building and the like, and is representative of a modern industrial production mode because standardized design, industrial production, assembly construction, informatization management and intelligent application are adopted.
CN201611181495.8 discloses a prefabricated concrete wall panel and an assembled building and construction method formed by the same, the side surfaces of the prefabricated concrete wall panel with longitudinal side holes of the building are mutually butted to form a plurality of large wall panels, and the side surfaces of the large wall panels with longitudinal side holes are butted to form a wall body; vertical reinforcing mesh or reinforcing cage is arranged in the longitudinal hole of the wall body; the corner of the wall body is provided with an L-shaped cast-in-situ column, and the T-shaped intersection of the wall body is provided with a T-shaped cast-in-situ column; horizontal steel bars are penetrated in through holes formed by transverse holes of two adjacent concrete prefabricated wallboards; horizontal steel bars are penetrated in through holes formed by the transverse holes at the joint of the transverse holes of the concrete prefabricated wallboard and the L-shaped cast-in-situ column or the T-shaped cast-in-situ column, and the penetrated horizontal steel bars extend into the edges of the L-shaped or T-shaped cast-in-situ column; the horizontal steel bars penetrating through the through holes and the wall horizontal steel bars of the steel bar cage in the wallboard form lap joint connection lengths which meet the requirements of high-rise buildings; the horizontal steel bars penetrating through the transverse holes between the concrete prefabricated wall panel and the L-shaped cast-in-situ column or the T-shaped cast-in-situ column and the horizontal steel bars of the steel bar cage in the prefabricated wall panel form lap joint connection lengths meeting the requirements of high-rise buildings; concrete is poured in the holes.
The prefabricated wall panels and fabricated constructions of the above-mentioned patent applications are commonly used in high-rise houses and are not suitable for the rapid construction of low-rise houses; the prefabricated wallboard does not contain a heat insulation structure, and a heat insulation decorative plate is required to be independently installed on the outer surface of a building after construction is finished.
Therefore, developing and designing a low-rise energy-saving heat-insulating concrete house which can be quickly built becomes one of the technical problems to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-rise energy-saving heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built and a construction method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a low-rise energy-saving heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built, wherein the number of layers of the house is less than or equal to 3; the concrete heat-insulating wall comprises a concrete foundation, a plurality of prefabricated heat-insulating wall boards and a plurality of prefabricated heat-insulating roof boards; when the number of floors is greater than 1 floor, the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab also comprises a plurality of prefabricated heat-insulating floor slabs; the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard comprises an L-shaped wallboard and a planar wallboard; all the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards and the heat-insulating layers in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof boards together form a continuous heat-insulating structure;
the edge of the concrete foundation is provided with a foundation fixing groove for placing the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard, the top, the bottom, the left side and the right side of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard are respectively provided with a groove, the grooves of two adjacent prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards are in butt joint to form a cavity, an anchoring steel bar is embedded in the concrete foundation, and one end of the anchoring steel bar vertically extends upwards into the cavity; the upper end of the cavity is opposite to the through hole on the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab or the prefabricated heat preservation roof slab, and an anchoring steel bar is inserted;
wallboard fixing grooves for placing prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards are formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab and the lower surface of the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board;
transverse steel bars are inserted into grooves at the top and the bottom of all prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards;
according to construction design needs, the prefabricated heat preservation wallboard can also be provided with longitudinal concrete ribs, cast-in-place holes are arranged in the concrete ribs, and the cast-in-place holes are opposite to through holes in the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab or the prefabricated heat preservation roof slab and are inserted with anchoring steel bars.
Further, the prefabricated heat-insulating wall plate sequentially comprises a concrete outer wall plate, a heat-insulating layer and a concrete inner wall plate from outside to inside, wherein the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is larger than that of the concrete outer wall plate and the concrete inner wall plate; the thicknesses of the concrete outer wall plate and the concrete inner wall plate are less than or equal to 40cm; the concrete outer wall plate and the concrete inner wall plate are internally provided with reinforcing steel meshes, a plurality of non-metal embedded fixing pieces which are uniformly distributed are embedded in the prefabricated heat-insulating wall plate, and two ends of each non-metal embedded fixing piece are respectively fixed with the reinforcing steel meshes in the concrete outer wall plate and the concrete inner wall plate;
the upper, lower, left and right edges of the concrete outer wall plate and the concrete inner wall plate form thickened parts, the inner side surfaces of the thickened parts shrink towards the middle part of the prefabricated heat-insulating wall plate, so that the thicknesses of the concrete outer wall plate and the concrete inner wall plate at the thickened parts become larger, and the end surfaces of the thickened parts of the concrete outer wall plate are inclined surfaces; the included angle between the inclined plane and the outer side surface of the concrete outer wall plate is an obtuse angle;
grooves along the trend of the wallboard are formed in the top and the bottom of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard, and grooves along the vertical direction are formed in the left end and the right end of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard; the width of the inner side of the groove in the vertical direction between the thickened part at the upper edge and the thickened part at the lower edge of the concrete inner wall plate is larger than the width of the outer side; a plurality of nonmetallic embedded fixing pieces which are uniformly distributed along the vertical direction and penetrate through the grooves are embedded between the thickened part at the left edge of the concrete outer wall plate and the right-facing concrete inner wall plate;
two grooves of two adjacent prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards are in butt joint to form a cavity, an anchor reinforcing steel bar and a U-shaped reinforcing steel bar are inserted into the cavity, and the U-shaped reinforcing steel bar is inserted from top to bottom to fix nonmetal embedded fixing pieces in the two grooves;
concrete is poured into all the cavities, through holes and cast-in-place holes to form a hidden column structure, and concrete is poured into grooves at the top and the bottom of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard to form a hidden beam structure or a foundation connection structure, so that the concrete foundation, the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard and the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board are fixed together, or the concrete foundation, the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard and the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board of the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab are fixed together; the height of concrete poured in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof slab is flush with the height of concrete ribs of the roof slab, and heat-insulating filling blocks are placed above the poured concrete to form a heat-insulating continuous structure with a heat-insulating layer in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof slab.
Further, a plurality of foundation ribs are uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the concrete foundation, and the thicknesses of the foundation ribs and the left and right edges of the concrete foundation are equal and are larger than the thicknesses of the rest parts; the concrete foundation is made of cast-in-place concrete or formed by splicing precast concrete foundation plates, and the concrete foundation is internally provided with a reinforcing steel mesh.
Further, one or more concrete ribs can be arranged on the concrete inner wall plate of the prefabricated heat-insulating wall plate, and the top surfaces of the concrete ribs are flush with the bottom surfaces of the grooves at the top of the prefabricated heat-insulating wall plate; the bottom surface of the concrete rib is flush with the bottom surface of the groove at the bottom of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard; the concrete rib is internally provided with a longitudinal cast-in-place hole, one end of a part of anchoring steel bars in the concrete foundation vertically extends upwards into the cast-in-place hole, and the cast-in-place hole is opposite to a through hole of the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab or the prefabricated heat preservation roof slab.
Further, the upper surface, the lower surface, the left surface, the right surface, the front surface and the rear surface of the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board are all concrete outer plates with reinforcing steel meshes, a heat-insulating layer is wrapped in the middle, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is larger than that of the concrete outer plates, and the thickness of the concrete outer plates is less than or equal to 40cm; a plurality of non-metal embedded fixing pieces which are uniformly distributed are embedded in the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board, two ends of each non-metal embedded fixing piece are respectively fixed with the reinforcing steel bar meshes in the upper concrete outer plate and the lower concrete outer plate, and the edges of the reinforcing steel bar meshes in the lower concrete outer plate are connected with the reinforcing steel bar trusses; the height of the steel bar truss in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board is smaller than that of the heat-insulating layer; a plurality of uniformly distributed roof slab concrete ribs are arranged on the concrete outer plate below, and the heights of the roof slab concrete ribs are equal to those of the steel bar trusses in the prefabricated heat-insulation roof slab; the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board is provided with a plurality of through holes which are opposite to the cavity or the cast-in-situ hole; the length of the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board is less than or equal to 12m.
Further, the upper surface, the lower surface, the left surface, the right surface, the front surface and the rear surface of the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab are all concrete outer plates with reinforcing steel meshes, the middle of the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab is wrapped with a heat-insulating layer, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is larger than that of the concrete outer plates, and the thickness of the concrete outer plates is less than or equal to 40cm; a plurality of non-metal embedded fixing pieces which are uniformly distributed are embedded in the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board, two ends of the non-metal embedded fixing pieces are respectively fixed with reinforcing steel bar meshes of an upper concrete outer plate and a lower concrete outer plate, and edges of the reinforcing steel bar meshes in the upper concrete outer plate and the lower concrete outer plate are connected through reinforcing steel bar trusses; the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab is provided with a plurality of floor slab concrete ribs which are uniformly distributed along the length direction, and the floor slab concrete ribs divide the heat-insulating layer into a plurality of heat-insulating layers; the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab is provided with a plurality of through holes which are opposite to the cavity or the cast-in-situ holes; the length of the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab is less than or equal to 12m.
Further, the inner side of the groove is a concrete inner wall plate, and the outer side of the groove is an insulating layer; the upper, lower, left and right edges of the concrete external wall panel and the heat preservation layer are all parallel and level with each other.
Further, the L-shaped wallboard concrete inner wallboard extends to the inside of the heat insulation layer at the corner to form a corner post, and the top surface of the corner post is level with the bottom surface of the groove at the top of the L-shaped wallboard; the bottom surface of the corner post is level with the bottom surface of the groove at the bottom of the L-shaped wallboard; the corner column is internally provided with a longitudinal cast-in-place hole, and the cast-in-place hole is opposite to a through hole on the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab or the prefabricated heat preservation roof slab, is inserted with an anchor reinforcing steel bar and is poured with concrete.
Further, the cross section of the groove between the thickened part at the left edge and the thickened part at the right edge of the concrete inner wall plate is rectangular; the thickness of the heat preservation layer is 20-50 cm.
Further, the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board is arranged in the horizontal direction, inclined planes or in a herringbone mode.
The invention relates to a construction method of a low-rise energy-saving heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly constructed, which comprises the following steps: manufacturing a concrete foundation and embedding anchoring bars or splicing a plurality of precast concrete foundation plates with the embedded anchoring bars to obtain the concrete foundation, paving transverse bars in the center of a foundation fixing groove, and hoisting the precast heat-insulating wallboards in place in sequence; inserting U-shaped steel bars into cavities enclosed by two adjacent prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards, inserting anchor steel bars into cast-in-place holes of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards, and paving transverse steel bars into grooves at the tops of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards;
when the number of the house layers is one, continuously hoisting the prefabricated heat-preservation roof boards in place in sequence, inserting anchoring steel bars into the through holes, and pouring cast-in-place concrete into all the cavities, the grooves, the through holes and the cast-in-place holes; the height of the concrete poured in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof slab is flush with the height of the concrete ribs of the roof slab, and heat-insulating filling blocks are placed above the poured concrete to form a heat-insulating continuous structure with the heat-insulating layer in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof slab; all joints are extruded with joint filling glue;
when the number of the house layers is two or three, continuously hoisting the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab in place in sequence, inserting anchoring steel bars into the through holes, and pouring cast-in-place concrete into all the cavities, grooves, through holes and cast-in-place holes; then, transverse steel bars are paved in wallboard fixing grooves on the upper surface of the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab, and the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards on the upper layer are hoisted in place in sequence; inserting U-shaped steel bars into cavities enclosed by two adjacent prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards, inserting anchor steel bars into cast-in-place holes of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards, and paving transverse steel bars into grooves at the tops of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards; repeating the construction according to the sequence until the installation of all the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards and the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slabs is completed; finally, hoisting the prefabricated heat-preservation roof boards in place in sequence, inserting anchoring steel bars into the through holes, and pouring cast-in-place concrete into all the cavities, the grooves, the through holes and the cast-in-place holes; the height of the concrete poured in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof slab is flush with the height of the concrete ribs of the roof slab, and heat-insulating filling blocks are placed above the poured concrete to form a heat-insulating continuous structure with the heat-insulating layer in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof slab; all joints are extruded with joint compound.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the outstanding effects that:
(1) The low-rise energy-saving heat-insulating concrete house is suitable for building one-rise to three-rise houses, can realize quick building, and has a construction period of only 3-10 days and low cost.
(2) The wallboard, the floor slab and the roof board of the whole house all contain heat preservation layers, particularly, all prefabricated heat preservation wallboards and the heat preservation layers of the prefabricated heat preservation roof board form a continuous heat preservation structure together, so that the heat preservation full coverage is ensured, and the energy-saving effect is obvious; and the thickness of the heat preservation layer is larger than that of the thin-layer concrete outer plate, the whole dead weight of the house is far smaller than that of the concrete house built by the prior art, the cost is low, and the cost performance is higher.
(3) The prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard, the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board and the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab adopted by the invention are standardized components, can be standardized and customized in structure and size, and are easy to popularize and apply at home and abroad. The embedded fixing parts adopted by the invention are all made of non-metal materials (FRP fiber reinforced composite materials), so that the hot-cold bridge effect caused by the metal embedded fixing parts is avoided, and the heat preservation effect of the whole house is ensured.
(4) According to the invention, the width of the inner side of the groove in the vertical direction between the thickened part at the upper edge and the thickened part at the lower edge of the inner wall plate of the concrete is larger than the width of the outer side, and after concrete is poured into the cavity enclosed by the grooves of two adjacent wall plates, the connection between the concrete and the prefabricated heat-insulating wall plate after solidification is ensured.
(5) The edges of the concrete outer wall plate and the concrete inner wall plate of the prefabricated heat-insulating wall plate are provided with the thickened parts, so that the edges of the concrete outer wall plate and the concrete inner wall plate are not easy to collide and damage; and pre-buried mounting has been pre-buried in the recess of prefabricated heat preservation wallboard left side and right side, through inserting U shaped steel muscle, closely locks the pre-buried mounting of two wallboards, has further guaranteed the stability of connection structure between two adjacent wallboards.
(6) All cavities, through holes and cast-in-place holes of the house are inserted with anchor reinforcing steel bars, and then concrete is poured to form a hidden column structure; transverse steel bars are arranged in grooves at the top and the bottom of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard, and concrete is poured to form a hidden beam structure or a foundation connection structure, so that the concrete foundation, the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard and the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board are fixed together, or the concrete foundation, the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard and the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab are fixed together, and the stability of the structure is ensured.
(7) The L-shaped wallboard adopted by the invention is provided with the cast-in-place hole, and can be inserted with the anchoring steel bar, and cast in-place concrete to form a hidden column structure, so that the stress is balanced, and the house structure is stable. According to the stress requirements of different houses, one or more uniformly distributed cast-in-place holes can be additionally formed in the middle of the planar wallboard, wherein anchoring steel bars can be inserted, concrete is cast in place, a hidden column structure is formed, the stress balance is ensured, and the house structure is stable.
(8) The prefabricated heat-insulating roof board is large-span, the length is less than or equal to 12m, and the structure that the heat-insulating layer is coated by the concrete outer plate is adopted, so that the bearing inner wall is not required to be added for supporting, and the bearing requirements of wind load, snow load and the like are met.
(9) The prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab is large-span, the length is less than or equal to 12m, and the structure of the concrete outer plate, the floor slab concrete rib and the cladding heat-insulating layer is adopted, so that the bearing and stress requirements can be met without increasing a stress inner wall for supporting.
The invention further provides a low-rise energy-saving heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built and a construction method thereof by combining the description of the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a low-rise energy-saving thermal insulation concrete house (two-rise house, roof board is obliquely arranged) which can be quickly built.
Fig. 2 is a top perspective view of a low-rise energy-saving insulating concrete house that can be quickly constructed according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a planar wallboard.
Fig. 4 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a planar wallboard.
Fig. 5 is a top view of an L-shaped wall panel.
Fig. 6 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of an L-shaped wall panel.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view "A-A" of fig. 4.
Fig. 8 is a side view of a planar wallboard.
Fig. 9 is a sectional view of "B-B" of fig. 4.
Fig. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab along the length direction.
Fig. 11 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a prefabricated thermal insulation floor slab.
Fig. 12 is a sectional view of "C-C" of fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of a prefabricated heat-insulating roof panel arranged horizontally along the length direction.
Fig. 14 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a prefabricated heat preservation roof panel disposed horizontally.
Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a horizontally disposed rebar truss of a prefabricated insulated roof panel.
Fig. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view of the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab along the width direction.
Fig. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of the prefabricated heat-insulating roof panel in the width direction.
Fig. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view of the junction of two adjacent left and right wall panels with a concrete foundation.
Fig. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view of the junction of two adjacent left and right wall panels and a floor slab.
Fig. 20 is a longitudinal section of the joint between two adjacent left and right wall panels and a horizontally arranged roof panel.
Fig. 21 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the junction of an L-shaped wall panel and a planar wall panel.
Fig. 22 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the junction of two adjacent planar wall panels.
Fig. 23 is a longitudinal sectional view of a prefabricated heat-insulating roof panel arranged obliquely.
Fig. 24 is a front view cross section of a low-rise energy-saving thermal insulation concrete house (two-rise house, roof board is horizontally arranged) which can be quickly built.
Fig. 25 is a front view cross section of a low-rise energy-saving thermal insulation concrete house (one-rise house, roof board is arranged in a herringbone manner) which can be quickly built.
The concrete foundation, the 2-prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard, the 3-prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab, the 4-prefabricated heat-insulating roof board and the 5-joint filling glue are arranged in the concrete foundation;
the wall comprises a 21-L-shaped wall plate, a 22-plane wall plate, a 23-concrete outer wall plate, a 24-concrete inner wall plate, a 25-heat-insulating layer, a 26-concrete rib, a 27-nonmetal embedded fixing piece, a 28-cast-in-place hole, a 29-groove and a 30-reinforcing mesh;
231-inclined plane, 232-thickened part, 241-corner post;
31-concrete outer plates, 32-wallboard fixing grooves, 33-through holes, 34-floor slab concrete ribs and 35-steel bar trusses; 36-roof slab concrete ribs; 37-heat preservation filling blocks;
101-foundation fixing grooves, 102-anchoring steel bars, 103-U-shaped steel bars, 104-cast-in-place concrete and 105-transverse steel bars.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 2-22 and 24, taking a two-layer house as an example, a low-layer energy-saving heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built comprises a concrete foundation 1, a plurality of prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards 2, a plurality of prefabricated heat-insulating roof boards 4 and a plurality of prefabricated heat-insulating floor boards 3; the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard 2 comprises an L-shaped wallboard 21 and a planar wallboard 22; all the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards 2 and the heat-insulating layers in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof boards 4 together form a continuous heat-insulating structure;
the edge of the concrete foundation 1 is provided with a foundation fixing groove 101 for placing the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard 2, grooves 29 are formed in the top, the bottom, the left side and the right side of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard 2, the grooves 29 of two adjacent prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards 2 are in butt joint to form a cavity, an anchor steel bar 102 is embedded in the concrete foundation 1, and one end of the anchor steel bar 102 extends vertically upwards into the cavity; the upper end of the cavity is opposite to the through hole 33 on the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab 3 or the prefabricated heat preservation roof board 4, and an anchor bar 102 is inserted;
the upper surface and the lower surface of the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab 3 and the lower surface of the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board 4 are respectively provided with a wallboard fixing groove 32 for placing the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard 2;
transverse steel bars 105 are inserted into grooves 29 at the top and bottom of all prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards 2;
according to the construction design requirement, the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard 2 can also be provided with a longitudinal concrete rib, a cast-in-place hole is arranged in the concrete rib, and the cast-in-place hole is opposite to the through hole 33 on the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab 3 or the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board 4 and is inserted with an anchor reinforcing steel bar 102.
A plurality of foundation ribs are uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the concrete foundation 1, and the thicknesses of the foundation ribs and the left and right edges of the concrete foundation 1 are equal and are larger than the thicknesses of the rest parts; the concrete foundation 1 is made of cast-in-place concrete or is formed by splicing precast concrete foundation plates with the width of 1m, and the concrete foundation 1 is internally provided with a reinforcing steel mesh.
The prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard 2 comprises a concrete external wallboard 23, a heat-insulating layer 25 and a concrete internal wallboard 24 from outside to inside in sequence, wherein the thickness of the heat-insulating layer 25 is larger than that of the concrete external wallboard 23 and the concrete internal wallboard 24; the thicknesses of the concrete outer wall plate 23 and the concrete inner wall plate 24 are less than or equal to 40cm; the concrete external wall panel 23 and the concrete internal wall panel 24 are internally provided with reinforcing mesh pieces 30, a plurality of non-metal embedded fixing pieces 27 which are uniformly distributed are embedded in the prefabricated heat-insulating wall panel 2, and two ends of the non-metal embedded fixing pieces 27 are respectively fixed with the reinforcing mesh pieces 30 in the concrete external wall panel 23 and the concrete internal wall panel 24;
the upper, lower, left and right edges of the concrete outer wall plate 23 and the concrete inner wall plate 24 form thickened parts 232, the inner side surfaces of the thickened parts 232 shrink towards the middle part of the prefabricated heat-insulating wall plate 2, so that the thicknesses of the concrete outer wall plate 23 and the concrete inner wall plate 24 at the thickened parts 24 become larger, and the end surfaces of the thickened parts 232 of the concrete outer wall plate 23 are inclined surfaces 231; the included angle between the inclined plane 231 and the outer side surface of the concrete external wall panel 23 is an obtuse angle;
grooves 29 along the trend of the wallboard are formed in the top and the bottom of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard 2, and grooves 29 along the vertical direction are formed in the left end and the right end of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard 2; the inside width of the groove 29 in the vertical direction between the thickened portion 232 at the upper edge and the thickened portion 232 at the lower edge of the concrete inner wall panel 24 is larger than the outside width; a plurality of nonmetallic embedded fixing pieces 27 which are uniformly distributed along the vertical direction and pass through the grooves 29 are embedded between the thickened part 232 at the left edge of the concrete outer wall plate 23 and the opposite concrete inner wall plate 24, and a plurality of nonmetallic embedded fixing pieces 27 which are uniformly distributed along the vertical direction and pass through the grooves 29 are embedded between the thickened part 232 at the right edge of the concrete outer wall plate 23 and the opposite concrete inner wall plate 24;
two grooves 29 of two adjacent prefabricated heat preservation wallboards 2 are in butt joint to form a cavity, an anchor reinforcing steel bar 102 and a U-shaped reinforcing steel bar 103 are inserted into the cavity, and the U-shaped reinforcing steel bar 103 is inserted from top to bottom to fix nonmetal embedded fixing pieces 27 in the two grooves 29.
Concrete is poured into all the cavities, through holes 33 and cast-in-place holes to form a hidden column structure, and concrete is poured into grooves 29 at the top and the bottom of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard 2 to form a hidden beam structure or a foundation connection structure, so that the concrete foundation 1, the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard 2 and the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board 4 are fixed together, or the concrete foundation 1, the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard 2, the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab 3 and the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board 4 are fixed together; the height of the concrete poured in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board 4 is flush with the height of the concrete ribs 36 of the roof board, and heat-insulating filling blocks 37 are placed above the poured concrete to form a heat-insulating continuous structure with the heat-insulating layer 25 in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board 4.
According to house stress requirements, one or more concrete ribs 26 can be arranged on the concrete inner wall plate 24 of the prefabricated heat-insulating wall plate 2, and the top surfaces of the concrete ribs 26 are level with the bottom surfaces of grooves 29 at the top of the prefabricated heat-insulating wall plate 2; the bottom surface of the concrete rib 26 is flush with the bottom surface of the groove 29 at the bottom of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard 2; the concrete rib 26 is internally provided with a longitudinal cast-in-place hole 28, one end of a part of anchoring steel bars 102 in the concrete foundation 1 vertically extends upwards into the cast-in-place hole 28, and the cast-in-place hole 28 is opposite to a through hole 33 on the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab 3 or the prefabricated heat preservation roof slab 4.
The upper surface, the lower surface, the left surface, the right surface, the front surface and the rear surface of the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board 4 are all concrete outer plates 31 containing reinforcing steel meshes, the middle of the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board is wrapped with a heat-insulating layer 25, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer 25 is larger than that of the concrete outer plates 31, and the thickness of the concrete outer plates 31 is less than or equal to 40cm; a plurality of non-metal pre-buried fixing pieces 27 which are uniformly distributed are pre-buried in the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board 4, two ends of each non-metal pre-buried fixing piece 27 are respectively fixed with the steel bar meshes in the upper concrete outer plate 31 and the lower concrete outer plate 31, the edges of the steel bar meshes in the lower concrete outer plate 31 are connected with the steel bar trusses 35, and the height of the steel bar trusses 35 in the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board 4 is smaller than that of the heat-preservation layer 25; a plurality of uniformly distributed roof slab concrete ribs 36 are arranged on the lower concrete outer plate 31, and the height of the roof slab concrete ribs 36 is equal to the height of the steel bar truss 35 in the prefabricated heat-insulation roof slab 4; the prefabricated heat-preserving roof board 4 is provided with a plurality of through holes 33 which are opposite to the cavity or the cast-in-situ holes 28. The length of the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board 4 is less than or equal to 12m.
The upper surface, the lower surface, the left surface, the right surface, the front surface and the rear surface of the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab 3 are all concrete outer plates 31 containing reinforcing mesh sheets, the middle of the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab is wrapped with a heat-insulating layer 25, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer 25 is larger than that of the concrete outer plates 31, and the thickness of the concrete outer plates 31 is less than or equal to 40cm; a plurality of non-metal embedded fixing pieces 27 which are uniformly distributed are embedded in the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board 4, two ends of the non-metal embedded fixing pieces 27 are respectively fixed with reinforcing steel bar meshes in an upper concrete outer plate 31 and a lower concrete outer plate 31, and edges of the reinforcing steel bar meshes in the upper concrete outer plate 31 and the lower concrete outer plate 31 are connected through reinforcing steel bar trusses 35; the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab 3 is provided with a plurality of floor slab concrete ribs 34 uniformly distributed along the length direction, and the floor slab concrete ribs 34 divide the heat-insulating layer 25 into a plurality of parts; the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab 3 is provided with a plurality of through holes 33 which are opposite to the cavity or the cast-in-situ holes 28. The length of the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab 3 is less than or equal to 12m.
The inner side of the groove 29 is a concrete inner wall plate 24, and the outer side is an insulating layer 25; the upper, lower, left and right edges of the concrete outer wall plate 23 and the heat preservation layer 25 are flush with the upper, lower, left and right edges of the concrete inner wall plate 24.
The concrete inner wall plate 24 of the L-shaped wall plate 21 extends to the inside of the heat preservation layer 25 at the corner to form a corner post 241, and the top surface of the corner post 241 is flush with the bottom surface of the groove 29 at the top of the L-shaped wall plate 21; the bottom surface of the corner post 241 is flush with the bottom surface of the groove 29 at the bottom of the L-shaped wallboard 21; the corner column 241 is internally provided with a longitudinal cast-in-place hole 28, the cast-in-place hole 28 is opposite to a through hole 33 on the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab 3 or the prefabricated heat preservation roof slab 4, and an anchor steel bar 102 is inserted and concrete is poured.
The cross section of the groove 29 between the thickened part 232 at the left edge and the thickened part 232 at the right edge of the concrete inner wall plate 24 is rectangular; the thickness of the heat preservation layer 25 is 20-50 cm.
As shown in fig. 24, the prefabricated heat-preserving roof panel 4 is arranged horizontally, and in other embodiments, an inclined plane arrangement as shown in fig. 1, 23 or a herringbone arrangement as shown in fig. 25 may be adopted. When the prefabricated heat-insulating roof boards are arranged on the inclined planes or in the inverted V shape, the prefabricated heat-insulating wall boards on the front side and the rear side of the house are spliced by adopting rectangular boards, and the prefabricated heat-insulating wall boards on the left side and the right side are spliced by adopting right-angle trapezoidal boards.
The non-metallic pre-buried fixture 27 is made of FRP fiber reinforced composite material.
According to design needs, a door opening or a window opening can be formed in the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard 2.
The construction method of the low-rise energy-saving heat-preservation concrete house capable of being quickly constructed specifically comprises the following steps: manufacturing a concrete foundation 1 and embedding anchoring bars 102 or splicing a plurality of precast concrete foundation plates with the embedded anchoring bars 102 to obtain the concrete foundation 1, paving transverse bars 105 in the center of a foundation fixing groove 101, and hoisting the precast heat-insulating wallboard 2 in place in sequence; u-shaped steel bars 103 are inserted into the cavities enclosed by two adjacent prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards 2, anchor steel bars 102 are inserted into cast-in-situ holes 28 of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards 2, and transverse steel bars 105 are laid in grooves at the tops of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards 2;
when the number of the house layers is one, continuously hoisting the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board 4 in place in sequence, inserting the anchor steel bars 102 into the through holes 33, and pouring cast-in-place concrete 104 into all the cavities, the grooves 29, the through holes 33 and the cast-in-place holes 28; the height of the concrete poured in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board 4 is level with the height of the concrete ribs 36 of the roof board, and heat-insulating filling blocks 37 are placed above the poured concrete to form a heat-insulating continuous structure with the heat-insulating layer 25 in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board 4; all joints are extruded with joint filling glue 5;
when the number of the house layers is two or three, continuously hoisting the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab 3 in place in sequence, inserting the anchor reinforcing steel bars 102 into the through holes 33, and pouring cast-in-place concrete 104 into all the cavities, the grooves 29, the through holes 33 and the cast-in-place holes 28; then, transverse steel bars 105 are paved in wallboard fixing grooves 32 on the upper surface of the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab 3, and the prefabricated heat preservation wallboard 2 on the upper layer is continuously hoisted in place in sequence; u-shaped steel bars 103 are inserted into the cavities enclosed by two adjacent prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards 2, anchor steel bars 102 are inserted into cast-in-situ holes 28 of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards 2, and transverse steel bars 105 are laid in grooves at the tops of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards 2; repeating the construction according to the sequence until the installation of all the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards 2 and the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slabs 3 is completed; finally, hoisting the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board 4 in place in sequence, inserting anchoring steel bars 102 into the through holes 33, and pouring cast-in-place concrete 104 into all the cavities, the grooves 29, the through holes 33 and the cast-in-place holes 28; the height of the concrete poured in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board 4 is level with the height of the concrete ribs 36 of the roof board, and heat-insulating filling blocks 37 are placed above the poured concrete to form a heat-insulating continuous structure with the heat-insulating layer 25 in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board 4; all joints are squeezed in with joint compound 5.
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A low-rise energy-saving heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built is characterized in that: the number of layers of the house is less than or equal to 3; comprises a concrete foundation (1), a plurality of prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards (2) and a plurality of prefabricated heat-insulating roof boards (4); when the number of floors is greater than 1 floor, the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab also comprises a plurality of prefabricated heat-insulating floor slabs (3); the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard (2) comprises an L-shaped wallboard (21) and a planar wallboard (22); all the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards (2) and the heat-insulating layers in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof boards (4) form a continuous heat-insulating structure together;
the edge of the concrete foundation (1) is provided with a foundation fixing groove (101) for placing the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards (2), grooves (29) are formed in the top, the bottom, the left side and the right side of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards (2), the grooves (29) of the left and right adjacent prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards (2) are butted to form a cavity, an anchor bar (102) is embedded in the concrete foundation (1), and one end of the anchor bar (102) vertically extends upwards into the cavity; the upper end of the cavity is opposite to a through hole (33) on the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab (3) or the prefabricated heat preservation roof board (4), and an anchor steel bar (102) is inserted;
the upper surface and the lower surface of the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab (3) and the lower surface of the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board (4) are respectively provided with a wallboard fixing groove (32) for placing the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard (2);
transverse steel bars (105) are inserted into grooves (29) at the top and the bottom of all the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards (2);
according to construction design requirements, the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard (2) can be further provided with a longitudinal concrete rib, a cast-in-place hole is arranged in the concrete rib, the cast-in-place hole is opposite to a through hole (33) on the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab (3) or the prefabricated heat-insulating roof slab (4), and an anchor steel bar (102) is inserted into the cast-in-place hole;
the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard (2) comprises a concrete external wallboard (23), a heat-insulating layer (25) and a concrete internal wallboard (24) from outside to inside in sequence, wherein the thickness of the heat-insulating layer (25) is larger than that of the concrete external wallboard (23) and the concrete internal wallboard (24); the thicknesses of the concrete outer wall plate (23) and the concrete inner wall plate (24) are less than or equal to 40cm; the concrete external wall panel (23) and the concrete internal wall panel (24) are internally provided with reinforcing steel bar meshes (30), a plurality of non-metal embedded fixing pieces (27) which are uniformly distributed are embedded in the prefabricated heat-insulating wall panel (2), and two ends of each non-metal embedded fixing piece (27) are respectively fixed with the reinforcing steel bar meshes (30) in the concrete external wall panel (23) and the concrete internal wall panel (24);
the upper, lower, left and right edges of the concrete external wall panel (23) and the concrete internal wall panel (24) form thickened parts (232), the inner side surface of the thickened parts (232) contracts towards the middle part of the prefabricated heat-insulating wall panel (2), so that the thickness of the concrete external wall panel (23) and the concrete internal wall panel (24) at the thickened parts (24) is increased, and the end surfaces of the thickened parts (232) of the concrete external wall panel (23) are inclined surfaces (231); the included angle between the inclined plane (231) and the outer side surface of the concrete outer wall plate (23) is an obtuse angle;
grooves (29) along the trend of the wallboard are formed in the top and the bottom of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard (2), and grooves (29) along the vertical direction are formed in the left end and the right end of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard (2); the inner side width of the groove (29) in the vertical direction between the thickened part (232) at the upper edge of the concrete inner wall plate (24) and the thickened part (232) at the lower edge is larger than the outer side width; a plurality of nonmetallic embedded fixing pieces (27) which are uniformly distributed along the vertical direction and pass through the grooves (29) are embedded between the thickened parts (232) at the left edge and the right edge of the concrete external wall panel (23) and the opposite concrete internal wall panel (24);
u-shaped steel bars (103) are inserted into cavities formed by butt joint of two grooves (29) of two adjacent prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards (2), and the U-shaped steel bars (103) are inserted from top to bottom to fix nonmetal embedded fixing pieces (27) in the two grooves (29);
concrete is poured into all the cavities, the through holes (33) and the cast-in-place holes to form a hidden column structure, and concrete is poured into grooves (29) at the top and the bottom of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard (2) to form a hidden beam structure or a foundation connection structure, so that the concrete foundation (1), the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard (2) and the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board (4) are fixed together, or the concrete foundation (1), the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard (2), the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab (3) and the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board (4) are fixed together; the height of concrete poured in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board (4) is flush with the height of the roof board concrete ribs (36), and heat-insulating filling blocks (37) are placed above the poured concrete to form a heat-insulating continuous structure with the heat-insulating layer (25) in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board (4).
2. The low-rise energy-saving and heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of foundation ribs are uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the concrete foundation (1), and the thicknesses of the foundation ribs and the left and right edges of the concrete foundation (1) are equal and larger than the thicknesses of the rest parts; the concrete foundation (1) is made of cast-in-place concrete or spliced by precast concrete foundation plates; the concrete foundation (1) is internally provided with a reinforcing steel bar net sheet.
3. The low-rise energy-saving and heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built according to claim 2, characterized in that: one or more concrete ribs (26) can be arranged on the concrete inner wall plate (24) of the prefabricated heat-insulating wall plate (2), and the top surface of the concrete rib (26) is flush with the bottom surface of the groove (29) at the top of the prefabricated heat-insulating wall plate (2); the bottom surface of the concrete rib (26) is flush with the bottom surface of a groove (29) at the bottom of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboard (2); the concrete rib (26) is internally provided with a longitudinal cast-in-situ hole (28), one end of a part of anchoring steel bars (102) in the concrete foundation (1) vertically extends upwards into the cast-in-situ hole (28), and the cast-in-situ hole (28) is opposite to a through hole (33) on the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab (3) or the prefabricated heat preservation roof slab (4).
4. A low-rise energy-saving and heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built according to claim 3, characterized in that: the upper surface, the lower surface, the left surface, the right surface and the front surface of the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board (4) are all concrete outer boards (31) containing reinforcing steel meshes, a heat-insulating layer (25) is wrapped in the middle, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer (25) is larger than that of the concrete outer boards (31), and the thickness of the concrete outer boards (31) is less than or equal to 40cm; a plurality of non-metal pre-buried fixing pieces (27) which are uniformly distributed are pre-buried in the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board (4), two ends of each non-metal pre-buried fixing piece (27) are respectively fixed with reinforcing steel bar meshes in an upper concrete outer plate (31) and a lower concrete outer plate (31), edges of the reinforcing steel bar meshes in the lower concrete outer plates (31) are connected with reinforcing steel bar trusses (35), and the height of the reinforcing steel bar trusses (35) in the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board (4) is smaller than that of a heat-preservation layer (25); a plurality of uniformly distributed roof slab concrete ribs (36) are arranged on the concrete outer plate (31) below, and the height of the roof slab concrete ribs (36) is equal to the height of a steel bar truss (35) in the prefabricated heat-insulation roof slab (4); the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board (4) is provided with a plurality of through holes (33) which are opposite to the cavity or the cast-in-situ holes (28); the length of the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board (4) is less than or equal to 12m.
5. The low-rise energy-saving and heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built according to claim 4, wherein: the upper surface, the lower surface, the left surface, the right surface and the front surface of the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab (3) are all concrete outer plates (31) containing reinforcing steel meshes, a heat-insulating layer (25) is wrapped in the middle, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer (25) is larger than that of the concrete outer plates (31), and the thickness of the concrete outer plates (31) is less than or equal to 40cm; a plurality of non-metal pre-buried fixing pieces (27) which are uniformly distributed are pre-buried in the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board (4), two ends of each non-metal pre-buried fixing piece (27) are respectively fixed with reinforcing steel bar meshes in an upper concrete outer plate (31) and a lower concrete outer plate (31), and edges of the reinforcing steel bar meshes in the upper concrete outer plate (31) and the lower concrete outer plate are connected through reinforcing steel bar trusses (35); the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab (3) is provided with a plurality of floor slab concrete ribs (34) which are uniformly distributed along the length direction, and the floor slab concrete ribs (34) divide the heat-insulating layer (25) into a plurality of heat-insulating layers; the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab (3) is provided with a plurality of through holes (33) which are opposite to the cavity or the cast-in-situ holes (28); the length of the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab (3) is less than or equal to 12m.
6. The low-rise energy-saving and heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built according to claim 5, characterized in that: the inner side of the groove (29) is a concrete inner wall plate (24), and the outer side of the groove is an insulating layer (25); the upper edge, the lower edge, the left edge and the right edge of the concrete outer wall plate (23) and the heat preservation layer (25) are mutually flush with the upper edge, the lower edge, the left edge and the right edge of the concrete inner wall plate (24).
7. The low-rise energy-saving and heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built according to claim 6, wherein: the concrete inner wall plate (24) of the L-shaped wall plate (21) extends to the inside of the heat preservation layer (25) at the corner to form a corner column (241), and the top surface of the corner column (241) is flush with the bottom surface of the groove (29) at the top of the L-shaped wall plate (21); the bottom surface of the corner column (241) is flush with the bottom surface of the groove (29) at the bottom of the L-shaped wallboard (21); the corner column (241) is internally provided with a longitudinal cast-in-situ hole (28), and the cast-in-situ hole (28) is opposite to a through hole (33) on the prefabricated heat preservation floor slab (3) or the prefabricated heat preservation roof board (4), and is inserted with an anchor reinforcing steel bar (102) and poured with concrete.
8. The low-rise energy-saving and heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built according to claim 7, characterized in that: the section of the groove (29) between the thickened part (232) at the left edge and the thickened part (232) at the right edge of the concrete inner wall plate (24) is rectangular; the thickness of the heat preservation layer (25) is 20-50 cm.
9. The low-rise energy-saving and heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built according to claim 8, characterized in that: the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board (4) is horizontally arranged, inclined plane arranged or herringbone arranged.
10. The construction method of the low-rise energy-saving heat-insulating concrete house capable of being quickly built according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized in that: manufacturing a concrete foundation (1) and embedding anchoring bars (102) or splicing a plurality of precast concrete foundation plates with the embedded anchoring bars (102) to obtain the concrete foundation (1), paving transverse bars (105) at the center of a foundation fixing groove (101), and hoisting the precast heat-insulating wallboard (2) in place in sequence; u-shaped steel bars (103) are inserted into cavities enclosed by two adjacent prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards (2), anchor steel bars (102) are inserted into cast-in-situ holes (28) of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards (2), and transverse steel bars (105) are paved in grooves at the tops of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards (2);
when the number of the house layers is one, continuously hoisting the prefabricated heat-preservation roof boards (4) in place in sequence, inserting anchoring steel bars (102) into the through holes (33), and pouring cast-in-place concrete (104) into all the cavities, the grooves (29), the through holes (33) and the cast-in-place holes (28); the height of concrete poured in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board (4) is level with the height of concrete ribs (36) of the roof board, heat-insulating filling blocks (37) are placed above the poured concrete, and a heat-insulating continuous structure is formed with a heat-insulating layer (25) in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board (4); all joints are extruded with joint filling glue (5);
when the number of the house layers is two or three, continuously hoisting the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab (3) in place in sequence, inserting anchoring steel bars (102) into the through holes (33), and pouring cast-in-place concrete (104) into all the cavities, the grooves (29), the through holes (33) and the cast-in-place holes (28); then, transverse steel bars (105) are paved in wallboard fixing grooves (32) on the upper surface of the prefabricated heat-insulating floor slab (3), and the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards (2) on the upper layer are continuously hoisted in place in sequence; u-shaped steel bars (103) are inserted into cavities enclosed by two adjacent prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards (2), anchor steel bars (102) are inserted into cast-in-situ holes (28) of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards (2), and transverse steel bars (105) are paved in grooves at the tops of the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards (2); repeating the construction according to the sequence until the installation of all the prefabricated heat-insulating wallboards (2) and the prefabricated heat-insulating floor boards (3) is completed; finally, hoisting the prefabricated heat-preservation roof board (4) in place in sequence, inserting anchoring steel bars (102) into the through holes (33), and pouring cast-in-place concrete (104) into all the cavities, the grooves (29), the through holes (33) and the cast-in-place holes (28); the height of concrete poured in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board (4) is level with the height of concrete ribs (36) of the roof board, heat-insulating filling blocks (37) are placed above the poured concrete, and a heat-insulating continuous structure is formed with a heat-insulating layer (25) in the prefabricated heat-insulating roof board (4); all joints are extruded with joint compound (5).
CN202410155647.5A 2024-02-04 2024-02-04 Low-layer energy-saving heat-preservation concrete house capable of being quickly built and construction method Pending CN117822948A (en)

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