CN117750557A - Anti-freezing device of movable water stop structure based on electric tracing system and implementation method - Google Patents
Anti-freezing device of movable water stop structure based on electric tracing system and implementation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117750557A CN117750557A CN202311777624.XA CN202311777624A CN117750557A CN 117750557 A CN117750557 A CN 117750557A CN 202311777624 A CN202311777624 A CN 202311777624A CN 117750557 A CN117750557 A CN 117750557A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010053481 Antifreeze Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012821 model calculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000012260 Accidental injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
A movable water stop structure freezing resisting device based on an electric tracing system and an implementation method thereof. In order to solve the problems that most of deicing measures adopted at present are passive protection, a large amount of cost is required to be input, a large amount of manpower resources are consumed, the deicing efficiency is low, and the effect is poor. The electric tracing heating device comprises an electric tracing heating mechanism and a sliding mechanism, wherein the electric tracing heating mechanism is fixedly arranged on the sliding mechanism and is driven by the sliding mechanism to move radially along the change direction of the water level; the electric tracing heating mechanism comprises an electric tracing belt power supply and a plurality of electric tracing belts, two ends of each electric tracing belt are connected to the electric tracing belt power supply, and the electric tracing belt power supply controls the opening and closing of the electric tracing belt. The invention belongs to the technical field of deicing and antifreezing.
Description
Technical field:
the invention belongs to the technical field of deicing and freezing prevention, and particularly relates to a movable water stop structure freezing prevention device based on an electric tracing system and an implementation method.
The background technology is as follows:
the regions of China are wide, quite large territorial areas are in cold or severe cold regions, and freeze thawing damage of hydraulic buildings in the regions generally occurs. The panel dams in northeast, northwest and other similar cold regions are severely damaged by freezing, and the damage part mainly comprises an upstream panel, a core wall, a joint water stop structure and a post-dam drainage body, wherein the majority of damage is also most serious by the joint water stop structure. Especially, the water stopping structure of the dam panel water level change area is most likely to generate freezing damage and is often a weak link of the whole dam system. The main damage forms of the water-stopping structure are pulling crack, extrusion and smash injury, and the problems of falling of a large number of water-stopping rubber cover plates and damage of the water-stopping anchoring structure are often accompanied, so that serious hidden danger is brought to safe operation. Although the optimized structural design and the enhanced protection can play a certain role in resisting freezing, deicing measures are usually needed to be matched in the operation management stage. Most of the deicing measures adopted at present are passive protective measures, so that a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are consumed, the deicing efficiency is low, and the effect is poor. Meanwhile, the manual operation on the ice surface under the extremely cold condition has a larger potential personal accidental injury risk. And a great deal of manpower and material resources are required to organize the deicing operation of the dam face water stop structure each year.
The invention comprises the following steps:
in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, the invention aims to provide a movable water stop structure freezing prevention device based on an electric tracing system and an implementation method thereof.
The anti-freezing device of the movable water stop structure based on the electric tracing system comprises an electric tracing heating mechanism and a sliding mechanism, wherein the electric tracing heating mechanism is fixedly arranged on the sliding mechanism and is driven by the sliding mechanism to move radially along the change direction of water level; the electric tracing heating mechanism comprises an electric tracing belt power supply and a plurality of electric tracing belts, two ends of each electric tracing belt are connected to the electric tracing belt power supply, and the electric tracing belt power supply controls the opening and closing of the electric tracing belt.
As a preferable scheme: the sliding mechanism comprises a driving assembly, two sliding rails, two groups of supporting rods, two groups of pulleys, a supporting cover plate and fixed flat steel, wherein the two sliding rails are arranged on a panel dam water stopping structure side by side through the fixed flat steel and expansion bolts, the supporting rods and the pulleys are divided into two groups, one group is arranged on one sliding rail, and the other group is arranged on the other sliding rail; a pulley is arranged at the bottom of each supporting rod and is in sliding connection with the sliding rail; the top of every bracing piece is connected with the lower surface fixed of supporting the apron, and a plurality of electric tracing area are installed on the upper surface of supporting the apron, drive assembly connect on supporting the apron to drive and support the apron and remove along the length direction of slide rail, and then realize the heating deicing of the different water levels department of stagnant water structure.
As a preferable scheme: the electric tracing bands are arranged along the length direction of the supporting cover plate, and gaps are reserved between two adjacent electric tracing bands; the length direction of each electric tracing band is consistent with the width direction of the supporting cover plate.
As a preferable scheme: one end of each electric tracing band is wound on one fixing rod together and fixed on the supporting cover plate through the fixing rod, and the other end of each electric tracing band is wound on the other fixing rod together and fixed on the supporting cover plate through the other fixing rod.
As a preferable scheme: the cross section of the sliding rail is concave, and the caliber of the upper port of the sliding rail in the width direction is smaller than the inner diameter of the sliding rail in the inner width direction; the pulley is positioned in the notch of the sliding rail, and the width of the pulley is larger than the caliber of the upper port of the sliding rail in the width direction; one end of the supporting rod penetrates through the upper port of the sliding rail and is rotationally connected with the pulley.
As a preferable scheme: the driving assembly comprises a driving motor, a line roller, a fixed pulley and a traction rope, wherein the driving motor is fixedly arranged on the panel dam, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with an input shaft of the line roller, the fixed pulley is rotatably arranged on the panel dam, one end of the traction rope is wound on the line roller, and the other end of the traction rope bypasses the fixed pulley and is connected to the top of the supporting cover plate.
The implementation method of the movable water stop structure freezing prevention device based on the electric tracing system comprises the following specific implementation processes:
step 1, determining the thickness h of a protective layer of the device 1 Device active area A and determination of the density ρ of the protective layer 1 And specific heat capacity c 1 Thereby calculating the temperature rise heat accumulation Q of the protective layer in the heat transfer process 1 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 1 ＝m 1 c 1 Δt＝ρ 1 V 1 c 1 Δt＝ρ 1 Ah 1 c 1 (T 1 -T 0 )
wherein: q (Q) 1 Sensible heat required by heating and heat accumulation of the protective layer; ρ 1 Is the density of the protective layer; a is the contact area between the protective layer and the ice layer; h is a 1 The thickness of the protective layer is the same; c 1 Specific heat capacity of the protective layer; t (T) 1 The temperature reached after the temperature of the protective layer is raised; t (T) 0 The initial temperature of the protective layer;
step 2, determining the specific heat capacity c of the water s The device action area A and the density rho of the ice layer 2 And specific heat capacity c w Combining the ice melting action range x and the initial temperature T of the ice layer under a certain temperature condition 0 The sensible heat Q required by the temperature rise and heat accumulation of the ice layer is calculated 2 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 2 ＝m 2 (c w T 0 -c s T 2 )＝ρ 2 Ax(c w T 0 -c s T 2 )
wherein: q (Q) 2 Sensible heat required by heating and heat accumulation of the ice layer; ρ 2 Is the density of the ice layer; a is the contact area between the protective layer and the ice layer; x is the ice melting action range; c w Specific heat capacity of the ice layer; c s Is the specific heat capacity of water; t (T) 2 Is the temperature after the ice is melted into water; t (T) 0 The initial temperature of the ice layer;
step 3, determining the melting heat h of ice f And according to the ice layer density ρ 2 The device acting area A and the ice melting acting range x can obtain the ice layer melting phase transition latent heat Q 3 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 3 ＝m 2 h f ＝ρ 2 Axh f
wherein: q (Q) 3 Latent heat of melting phase change for the ice layer; ρ 2 Is the density of the ice layer; a is the contact area between the protective layer and the ice layer; x is ice melting range, h f For ice melting heat, 334 kJ/(kg. DEG C);
step 4, determining a convection heat transfer coefficient h according to the environmental conditions k Initial temperature T of ice layer 0 The heat Q of convection heat exchange can be obtained by the device acting area A 4 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 4 ＝Ah k (T 2 -T 0 )
wherein: q (Q) 4 Is the convection heat exchange quantity; a is the contact area between the protective layer and the ice layer; h is a k For the heat convection coefficient, 500W/(m) 2 ·℃)；T 2 Is the temperature after the ice is melted into water; t (T) 0 Is the initial temperature of the ice layer.
Step 5, obtaining the heat Q=Q which should be provided by the electric tracing heating mechanism 1 +Q 2 +Q 3 +Q 4 Heating value Q combined with electric tracing band m And the overall size of the device, and determining the arrangement interval of the electric tracing bands as
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the electric tracing band in the electric tracing heating mechanism is a heating body, and active deicing and freezing prevention of the water stop structure can be realized under the condition of electrifying, so that the water area temperature near the water stop structure is improved, the freezing resistance of the water stop structure is improved, and the problem of freezing injury of the water stop structure under different water levels and temperature conditions is solved. When the water area near the water stop structure is frozen, the electric tracing heating mechanism provides heat energy, so that the ice layer in a certain range near the water stop structure is melted; if the water level changes, the electric tracing heating mechanism can slide up and down through the sliding mechanism, so that the electric tracing heating mechanism is always positioned near the water surface and can cope with the phenomenon of water icing under different water levels, and the electric heating deicing of the panel dam water stopping structure in severe cold areas is realized.
2. According to the invention, through the design of the sliding mechanism, the water stop structure can be heated and deiced at different heights so as to cope with the icing phenomenon at different water levels, and the paving area and the investment cost of the heating mechanism are reduced. The device can exert effect steadily by single fund investment, is simple and easy to install and convenient to construct, has long-term service performance and continuous deicing capability in cold regions, and has good popularization value.
3. According to the invention, the electric tracing band is directly arranged on the supporting cover plate, so that the construction procedure of laying the electric tracing system is simplified, and meanwhile, the heat emitted by the electric tracing system can be uniformly and stably transferred to the external environment, so that the problems of poor freezing resistance, low deicing efficiency, danger and the like of the existing panel dam water stop structure are solved by avoiding high-temperature aging and failure of organic materials in the water stop structure caused by local temperature rise, and a long-term reliable and stable deicing effect is provided for the water stop structure of the panel dam.
4. The invention carries out theoretical model calculation so as to determine the arrangement distance between the electric tracing bands.
Description of the drawings:
for ease of illustration, the invention is described in detail by the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric tracing heating mechanism;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the glide mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of an electric heat tracing band on a support deck;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a slip mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a drive assembly;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the pulleys in the slide rail.
In the figure, an A-electric tracing heating mechanism; b-a sliding mechanism; 1-electric tracing band power supply; 2-an electric tracing band; 3-sliding rails; 4-supporting rods; 5-pulleys; 6-supporting a cover plate; 7-fixing flat steel; 8-driving a motor; 9-wire rolls; 10-fixed pulleys; 11-a traction rope; 12-fixing bars.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described below by means of specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
It should be noted here that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only structures and/or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, while other details not greatly related to the present invention are omitted.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, the specific embodiment adopts the following technical scheme that the specific embodiment comprises an electric tracing heating mechanism A and a sliding mechanism B, wherein the electric tracing heating mechanism A is fixedly arranged on the sliding mechanism B and is driven by the sliding mechanism B to move along the water level change direction; the electric tracing heating mechanism A comprises an electric tracing belt power supply 1 and a plurality of electric tracing belts 2, two ends of each electric tracing belt 2 are connected to the electric tracing belt power supply 1 through power lines, and the electric tracing belt power supply 1 controls the electric tracing belt 2 to be opened and closed.
In this embodiment, the electric tracing band 2 in the electric tracing heating mechanism a is a heating element, and active deicing and freezing prevention at the water stop structure can be realized under the condition of electrifying, so as to improve the water area temperature near the water stop structure, and improve the freezing resistance of the water stop structure, so as to solve the problem of freezing injury of the water stop structure under different water levels and temperature conditions. When the water area near the water stop structure is frozen, the electric tracing heating mechanism A provides heat energy, so that the ice layer in a certain range of the water stop structure is melted; if the water level changes, the electric tracing heating mechanism A can slide up and down through the sliding mechanism B, so that the electric tracing heating mechanism A is always positioned near the water surface and is used for coping with the phenomenon of water icing, and the electric heating deicing of the panel dam water stopping structure in severe cold areas is realized.
In the embodiment, the water level change range can be determined according to the hydrological data of the reservoir, and the sliding mechanism B is fixed above the surface water stop structure of the face plate dam in a certain elevation; when the ambient temperature is reduced to the point that the water surface starts to freeze, the electric tracing band 1 is connected, the electric tracing band 2 heats, the temperature of the water body near the water stopping structure is changed, and the effect of snow melting and ice melting is achieved. If the water level changes, the electric tracing heating mechanism A can not heat the surface layer of the water body, and the position of the electric tracing heating mechanism A is changed through the sliding mechanism B, so that at least half of the electric tracing heating mechanism A is positioned in water, the electric tracing heating mechanism A is always contacted with the ice surface after the water surface is frozen, and the heating deicing effect is realized. Meanwhile, a water level monitoring instrument can be additionally arranged to be combined with the sliding mechanism B, so that the position of the electric tracing heating mechanism A can be automatically adjusted according to the water level change condition.
The second embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, this embodiment is further defined as a first specific embodiment, where the sliding mechanism B includes a driving assembly, two sliding rails 3, two sets of supporting rods 4, two sets of pulleys 5, a supporting cover plate 6 and a fixed flat steel 7, the two sliding rails 3 are installed on the face dam water stopping structure side by side through the fixed flat steel 7 and expansion bolts, the supporting rods 4 and the pulleys 5 are divided into two sets, one set is arranged on one sliding rail 3, and the other set is arranged on the other sliding rail 3; a pulley 5 is arranged at the bottom of each supporting rod 4, and the pulley 5 is in sliding connection with the sliding rail 3; the top of every bracing piece 4 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of supporting cover plate 6, and a plurality of electric tracing band 2 are installed on the upper surface of supporting cover plate 6, drive assembly connect on supporting cover plate 6 to drive supporting cover plate 6 and remove along the length direction of slide rail 3, and then realize the heating deicing of the different water levels department of stagnant water structure.
In this embodiment, a fixing flat steel 7 is provided at a place where the slide rail 3 contacts the concrete face dam to strengthen stability of the slide rail 3.
In this embodiment, the length of the sliding rail 3 may be 8-10 m, and the specific size may be adjusted according to the actual water level; wherein the diameter of the pulley 5 is 100mm.
In this embodiment, the driving component drives the supporting cover plate 6 to move, so as to drive the electric tracing heating mechanism A installed on the supporting cover plate 6 to move, so as to adapt to the change of the water level.
And a third specific embodiment: as shown in fig. 3, this embodiment is further defined as one or two specific embodiments, in this embodiment, a plurality of electric heat tracing bands 2 are arranged along the length direction of the supporting cover plate 6, and a gap is left between two adjacent electric heat tracing bands 2; the length direction of each electric tracing band 2 is consistent with the width direction of the supporting cover plate 6.
In this embodiment, with electric tracing area 2 direct mount on supporting cover plate 6, simplified the construction process that electric tracing system laid, make the heat that electric tracing system given off can evenly, steadily transmit in the external environment simultaneously to avoid leading to inside organic material high temperature ageing, the inefficacy of stagnant water structure because of local temperature rise, solve the problem such as current panel dam stagnant water structure frost resistance poor, deicing inefficiency and danger, provide reliable stable deicing effect for the stagnant water structure of panel dam for a long time.
In this embodiment, the size and arrangement interval of the electric tracing band 2 can be adjusted according to different working conditions, and meanwhile, the electric tracing band 2 is supported and protected by the supporting cover plate 6, so that the overall structure is more stable.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: the present embodiment is further limited by the first, second or third embodiment, in this embodiment, one end of the electric tracing band 2 is wound on one fixing rod 12, and is fixed on the supporting cover plate 6 by the one fixing rod 12, and the other end of the electric tracing band 2 is wound on the other fixing rod 12, and is fixed on the supporting cover plate 6 by the other fixing rod 12.
In this embodiment, the electric tracing band 2 is connected with the fixing rod 12 only by winding, which is convenient and fast, and saves installation time.
Fifth embodiment: as shown in fig. 6, this embodiment is further defined by the first, second, third or fourth embodiment, where the cross-sectional shape of the sliding rail 3 is in a "concave" shape, and the caliber in the width direction at the upper end of the sliding rail 3 is smaller than the inner diameter in the inner width direction of the sliding rail 3; the pulley 5 is positioned in a notch of the sliding rail 3, and the width of the pulley 5 is larger than the caliber of the upper port of the sliding rail 3 in the width direction; one end of the supporting rod 4 passes through the upper port of the sliding rail 3 and is rotationally connected with the pulley 5.
In the present embodiment, the pulley 5 is disposed in the recess of the slide rail 3, so that the pulley 5 can be prevented from falling off the slide rail 3.
Specific embodiment six: as shown in fig. 5, this embodiment is further defined as a specific embodiment one, two, three, four or five, where the driving assembly in this embodiment includes a driving motor 8, a wire roller 9, a fixed pulley 10 and a traction rope 11, where the driving motor 8 is fixedly installed on the face plate dam, an output shaft of the driving motor 8 is connected with an input shaft of the wire roller 9, the fixed pulley 10 is rotatably installed on the face plate dam, one end of the traction rope 11 is wound on the wire roller 9, and the other end of the traction rope 11 bypasses the fixed pulley 10 and is connected to the top of the support cover plate 6.
In this embodiment, the driving motor 8 is energized and drives the wire roller 9 to rotate, and the traction rope 11 connected with the wire roller 9 realizes rope winding or unwinding, so as to further realize up-and-down movement of the electric tracing heating mechanism A, so as to adapt to the change of the water level.
In the present embodiment, the fixed sheave 10 is used to change the direction of the traction rope 11.
Seventh embodiment: in the specific embodiment, theoretical model calculation is carried out on the invention, so that the arrangement form of the electric tracing band in the heating module is determined; for the simplicity and convenience of calculation, the radiation heat exchange between the ice layer and the atmosphere is ignored, and the convection heat exchange loss caused by the influence of wind speed is not considered; the invention can be calculated by conducting heat conduction analysis on the working mechanism of the electric tracing systemThe electric tracing heating efficiency is obtained, so that the arrangement form of electric tracing bands in the device is obtained, and the wiring interval is determined. In the whole deicing process, the energy provided by the electric tracing system is mainly used for heating and heat storage Q of the protective layer 1 Heating and heat storage Q of ice layer 2 Latent heat Q of interfacial ice layer melting phase change 3 Convective heat transfer Q 4 ；
Step 1, determining the thickness h of a protective layer of a device according to a device diagram 1 The device acting area A and the density rho of the protective layer obtained by looking up a table 1 And specific heat capacity c 1 Thereby calculating the temperature rise heat accumulation Q of the protective layer in the heat transfer process 1 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 1 ＝m 1 c 1 Δt＝ρ 1 V 1 c 1 Δt＝ρ 1 Ah 1 c 1 (T 1 -T 0 )
wherein: q (Q) 1 Sensible heat required by heating and heat accumulation of the protective layer, kJ; ρ 1 Density of protective layer, kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A is the contact area between the protective layer and the ice layer, m 2 ；h 1 The thickness of the protective layer is m; c 1 kJ/(kg.K) is the specific heat capacity of the protective layer; t (T) 1 The temperature reached after the temperature of the protective layer is raised is set at the temperature; t (T) 0 The initial temperature of the protective layer is set at DEG C;
step 2, obtaining the specific heat capacity c of water by looking up a table s The device action area A and the density rho of the ice layer 2 And specific heat capacity c w Combining the ice melting action range x and the initial temperature T of the ice layer under a certain temperature condition 0 The sensible heat Q required by the temperature rise and heat accumulation of the ice layer can be calculated 2 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 2 ＝m 2 (c w T 0 -c s T 2 )＝ρ 2 Ax(c w T 0 -c s T 2 )
wherein: q (Q) 2 Sensible heat required by the temperature rise and heat accumulation of the ice layer and kJ; ρ 2 Density of ice layer, kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A is the contact area between the protective layer and the ice layer, m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the x is ice melting action range and m; c w Specific heat of ice layerCapacity, kJ/(kg·k); c s kJ/(kg.K) is the specific heat capacity of water; t (T) 2 Is the temperature of the ice after being melted into water, and is in the temperature of DEG C; t (T) 0 The initial temperature of the ice layer is set at DEG C;
step 3, obtaining the melting heat h of ice through table lookup f And according to the ice layer density ρ 2 The device acting area A and the ice melting acting range x can obtain the ice layer melting phase transition latent heat Q 3 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 3 ＝m 2 h f ＝ρ 2 Axh f
wherein: q (Q) 3 Latent heat of melting phase change for the ice layer, J; ρ 2 Density of ice layer, kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A is the contact area between the protective layer and the ice layer, m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the x is ice melting range, h f For ice melting heat, 334 kJ/(kg. DEG C);
step 4, determining a convection heat transfer coefficient h according to the environmental conditions k Initial temperature T of ice layer 0 The heat Q of convection heat exchange can be obtained by the device acting area A 4 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 4 ＝Ah k (T 2 -T 0 )
wherein: q (Q) 4 Is convection heat exchange quantity, kJ; a is the contact area between the protective layer and the ice layer, m 2 ；h k For the heat convection coefficient, 500W/(m) 2 ·℃)；T 2 Is the temperature of the ice after being melted into water, and is in the temperature of DEG C; t (T) 0 Is the initial temperature of the ice layer, DEG C.
Step 5, obtaining the heat Q=Q which should be provided by the electric tracing heating mechanism A 1 +Q 2 +Q 3 +Q 4 Heating value Q combined with electric tracing band m And the overall dimensions of the device (length, width and thickness are a×b×c respectively), and the arrangement pitch of the electric tracing bands is determined as
Example 1:
in order to make the test result more obvious and illustrative, the frozen condition of the water stopping structure under the extreme weather condition of a certain dam is exemplified. The thickness of the ice layer was 60cm, and the temperature of the ice layer was at-45℃as the most disadvantageous case. The electric tracing system is approximately considered to be tightly connected with the ice layer, and the water stop structure is considered to be not influenced by freezing injury of the water surface when the melting range reaches 200 mm.
The heat energy Q required to be provided by the electric tracing system is obtained through analysis and calculation of a heat transfer mechanism, and the heating heat storage Q of the protective layer is respectively calculated 1 Heating and heat storage Q of ice layer 2 Latent heat Q of interfacial ice layer melting phase change 3 Convective heat transfer Q 4 And obtaining the product.
Step 1, according to the thickness h of the protective layer of the device 1 The device acting area A and the density rho of the protective layer obtained by looking up a table 1 And specific heat capacity c 1 Thereby calculating the temperature rise heat accumulation Q of the protective layer in the heat transfer process 1 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 1 ＝ρ 1 Ah 1 c 1 (T 1 -T 0 )＝7980×0.3×0.01×1.26×45＝1357.38kJ
step 2, combining with a certain temperature condition, the ice melting action range x is 200mm and the initial temperature T of the ice layer 0 The sensible heat Q required by the temperature rise and heat accumulation of the ice layer can be calculated 2 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 2 ＝ρ 2 Ax(c w T 0 -c s T 2 )＝917×0.3×0.2×94.5＝5199.42kJ
step 3, obtaining the melting heat h of ice through table lookup f And according to the ice layer density ρ 2 The device acting area A and the ice melting acting range x can obtain the ice layer melting phase transition latent heat Q 3 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 3 ＝ρ 2 Axh f ＝917×0.3×0.2×335＝18431.70kJ
step 4, determining a convection heat transfer coefficient h according to the environmental conditions k Initial temperature T of ice layer 0 The heat Q of convection heat exchange can be obtained by the device acting area A 4 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 4 ＝Ah k (T 2 -T 0 )＝0.3×500×45＝6750kJ
therefore, the thermal energy calculation formula needed to be provided by the electric tracing system is as follows:
Q＝Q 1 +Q 2 +Q 3 +Q 4 ＝1357.38+5199.42+18431.7+6750＝31738.50kJ
step 5, arranging electric tracing bands in the device according to heat energy provided by the electric tracing system, selecting the electric tracing bands with the width of 50mm, wherein the power is 100W/m, the heating time is 2h, and the length of the required electric tracing bands is obtained by:
in order to be convenient and safe in construction, the electric tracing bands in the device structure can be arranged according to the interval of 30mm in actual engineering.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A movable stagnant water structure freeze proof device based on electric tracing system, its characterized in that: the anti-freezing device comprises an electric tracing heating mechanism (A) and a sliding mechanism (B), wherein the electric tracing heating mechanism (A) is fixedly arranged on the sliding mechanism (B) and is driven by the sliding mechanism (B) to move along the water level change direction; the electric tracing heating mechanism (A) comprises an electric tracing belt power supply (1) and a plurality of electric tracing belts (2), two ends of each electric tracing belt (2) are connected to the electric tracing belt power supply (1), and the electric tracing belt power supply (1) controls the opening and closing of the electric tracing belt (2).
2. The movable water stop structure freezing prevention device based on the electric tracing system according to claim 1, wherein the freezing prevention device is characterized in that: the sliding mechanism (B) comprises a driving assembly, two sliding rails (3), two groups of supporting rods (4), two groups of pulleys (5), a supporting cover plate (6) and fixed flat steel (7), wherein the two sliding rails (3) are arranged on a panel dam water stopping structure side by side through the fixed flat steel (7) and expansion bolts, the supporting rods (4) and the pulleys (5) are divided into two groups, one group is arranged on one sliding rail (3), and the other group is arranged on the other sliding rail (3); a pulley (5) is arranged at the bottom of each supporting rod (4), and the pulley (5) is in sliding connection with the sliding rail (3); the top of every bracing piece (4) is connected with the lower fixed surface who supports apron (6), and a plurality of electric tracing area (2) are installed on the upper surface of supporting apron (6), drive assembly connect on supporting apron (6) to drive supporting apron (6) and remove along the length direction of slide rail (3), and then realize the heating deicing of the different water levels department of stagnant water structure.
3. The movable water stop structure freezing prevention device based on the electric tracing system according to claim 2, wherein: the electric heat tracing bands (2) are arranged along the length direction of the supporting cover plate (6), and gaps are reserved between two adjacent electric heat tracing bands (2); the length direction of each electric tracing band (2) is consistent with the width direction of the supporting cover plate (6).
4. The movable water stop structure freezing prevention device based on the electric tracing system according to claim 3, wherein: one end of each electric tracing band (2) is wound on one fixing rod (12) together, the electric tracing bands are fixed on the supporting cover plate (6) through the fixing rods (12), and the other end of each electric tracing band (2) is wound on the other fixing rod (12) together, and the electric tracing bands are fixed on the supporting cover plate (6) through the other fixing rods (12).
5. The movable water stop structure freezing prevention device based on the electric tracing system according to claim 2, wherein: the cross section of the sliding rail (3) is concave, and the caliber of the upper port of the sliding rail (3) in the width direction is smaller than the inner diameter of the sliding rail (3) in the inner width direction; the pulley (5) is positioned in a notch of the sliding rail (3), and the width of the pulley (5) is larger than the caliber of the upper port of the sliding rail (3) in the width direction; one end of the supporting rod (4) passes through the upper port of the sliding rail (3) and is rotationally connected with the pulley (5).
6. The movable water stop structure freezing prevention device based on the electric tracing system according to claim 2, wherein: the driving assembly comprises a driving motor (8), a line roller (9), a fixed pulley (10) and a traction rope (11), wherein the driving motor (8) is fixedly installed on the panel dam, an output shaft of the driving motor (8) is connected with an input shaft of the line roller (9), the fixed pulley (10) is rotatably installed on the panel dam, one end of the traction rope (11) is wound on the line roller (9), and the other end of the traction rope (11) bypasses the fixed pulley (10) and is connected to the top of the supporting cover plate (6).
7. An implementation method of a movable water stop structure freezing prevention device based on an electric tracing system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: an anti-freeze injury device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
step 1, determining the thickness h of a protective layer of the device 1 Device active area A and determination of the density ρ of the protective layer 1 And specific heat capacity c 1 Thereby calculating the temperature rise heat accumulation Q of the protective layer in the heat transfer process 1 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 1 ＝m 1 c 1 Δt＝ρ 1 V 1 c 1 Δt＝ρ 1 Ah 1 c 1 (T 1 -T 0 )
wherein: q (Q) 1 Sensible heat required by heating and heat accumulation of the protective layer; ρ 1 Is the density of the protective layer; a is the contact area between the protective layer and the ice layer; h is a 1 The thickness of the protective layer is the same; c 1 Specific heat capacity of the protective layer; t (T) 1 The temperature reached after the temperature of the protective layer is raised; t (T) 0 The initial temperature of the protective layer;
step 2, determining the specific heat capacity c of the water s The device action area A and the density rho of the ice layer 2 And specific heat capacity c w Combining the ice melting action range x and the initial temperature T of the ice layer under a certain temperature condition 0 The sensible heat Q required by the temperature rise and heat accumulation of the ice layer is calculated 2 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 2 ＝m 2 (c w T 0 -c s T 2 )＝ρ 2 Ax(c w T 0 -c s T 2 )
wherein: q (Q) 2 Sensible heat required by heating and heat accumulation of the ice layer; ρ 2 Is the density of the ice layer; a is the contact area between the protective layer and the ice layer; x is the ice melting action range; c w Specific heat capacity of the ice layer; c s Is the specific heat capacity of water; t (T) 2 Is the temperature after the ice is melted into water; t (T) 0 The initial temperature of the ice layer;
step 3, determining the melting heat h of ice f And according to the ice layer density ρ 2 The device acting area A and the ice melting acting range x can obtain the ice layer melting phase transition latent heat Q 3 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 3 ＝m 2 h f ＝ρ 2 Axh f
wherein: q (Q) 3 Latent heat of melting phase change for the ice layer; ρ 2 Is the density of the ice layer; a is the contact area between the protective layer and the ice layer; x is ice melting range, h f For ice melting heat, 334 kJ/(kg. DEG C);
step 4, determining a convection heat transfer coefficient h according to the environmental conditions k Initial temperature T of ice layer 0 The heat Q of convection heat exchange can be obtained by the device acting area A 4 The calculation formula is as follows:
Q 4 ＝Ah k (T 2 -T 0 )
wherein: q (Q) 4 Is the convection heat exchange quantity; a is the contact area between the protective layer and the ice layer; h is a k For the heat convection coefficient, 500W/(m) 2 ·℃)；T 2 Is the temperature after the ice is melted into water; t (T) 0 Is the initial temperature of the ice layer.
Step 5, obtainingHeat q=q that the electric tracing heating mechanism (a) should provide 1 +Q 2 +Q 3 +Q 4 Heating value Q combined with electric tracing band m And the overall size of the device, and determining the arrangement interval of the electric tracing bands as
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311777624.XA CN117750557A (en) | 2023-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | Anti-freezing device of movable water stop structure based on electric tracing system and implementation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311777624.XA CN117750557A (en) | 2023-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | Anti-freezing device of movable water stop structure based on electric tracing system and implementation method |
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| CN117750557A true CN117750557A (en) | 2024-03-22 |
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| CN202311777624.XA Pending CN117750557A (en) | 2023-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | Anti-freezing device of movable water stop structure based on electric tracing system and implementation method |
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