CN117740662B - Differential condition rubber sealing gasket aging test device and test method - Google Patents
Differential condition rubber sealing gasket aging test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117740662B CN117740662B CN202410179815.4A CN202410179815A CN117740662B CN 117740662 B CN117740662 B CN 117740662B CN 202410179815 A CN202410179815 A CN 202410179815A CN 117740662 B CN117740662 B CN 117740662B
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
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- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a differential condition rubber sealing gasket aging test device and a test method, and relates to the technical field of sealing gasket aging tests; the test device adopts a double-layer sealing box structure, and is matched with an adjustable cover plate assembly, an environment adjusting assembly and an environment monitoring assembly to meet the simulation and monitoring of various environment parameters and realize the aging test of the rubber sealing gasket under different conditions. The invention also provides a testing method, the aging test of the rubber sealing gasket under the differential condition is realized through the testing device provided by the invention, the contact stress of the rubber sealing gasket in the aging process is monitored through the sensor and the monitoring device, and the physical and chemical property changes of the rubber sealing gasket before and after the aging test are compared and analyzed through the physical and mechanical tests; the testing method is simple and easy to operate, comprehensive analysis of multiple results is carried out, and changes of physical and chemical properties of the rubber sealing gasket after the differential environment aging test under the compression deformation state are more accurately and comprehensively researched.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aging test of sealing gaskets, in particular to an aging test device and an aging test method for a rubber sealing gasket under different conditions.
Background
Along with the continuous promotion of the urban process in China, the underground track traffic, especially the shield tunnel, is developed at a high speed, more and more existing tunnels gradually enter the later operation stage, and the structural aging problem of the shield tunnel is aggravated. The inner side and the outer side of the sealing gasket of the shield tunnel joint as a waterproof structure are affected by complex effects of different environmental conditions such as heat, oxygen, pressure, corrosion and the like, and the sealing gasket of the shield tunnel is inevitably subjected to physical and chemical changes, namely ageing phenomena, so that the waterproof performance of the sealing gasket of the shield tunnel is affected, and the long-term service life of the shield tunnel is affected.
In order to study the influence of the aging phenomenon of the rubber material on the mechanical properties such as compression property, breaking strength and the like, an aging test is required to be carried out on the rubber material. The existing shield tunnel segment joint sealing gasket aging test is mostly carried out through an aging test device capable of setting single environmental conditions, for example, the rubber sealing gasket is placed in a constant temperature and humidity box to simulate thermal oxygen aging, a constant temperature water tank to simulate hydrothermal aging and the like, and the temperature of the test device is controlled to accelerate the rubber aging speed, so that the research on the performance change of the rubber material is realized. However, in the actual working state of the shield tunnel rubber sealing gasket, the difference between the internal environment and the external environment of the tunnel is large, and the contact surfaces between the internal environment and the external environment of the rubber sealing gasket are affected by different environments to generate a differential aging phenomenon; and the shield tunnel rubber sealing gasket is in a compression deformation working state under the action of the compressive stress of adjacent duct pieces in the actual working process, so that the aging test device and the aging test method of the shield tunnel rubber sealing gasket in the actual working state and the complex working environment are not considered, larger deviation can be brought to test results, and the accuracy of the aging test results is affected.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need for an aging test apparatus and method that can simulate the differential environment between the inner and outer contact surfaces in the compressive deformation state of rubber, and solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a differential condition rubber sealing gasket aging test device and a test method, which are used for solving the technical problems in the prior art. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
The differential condition rubber gasket aging test device comprises a seal box, wherein a middle partition plate for dividing the seal box into an inner space A and an inner space B is arranged in the seal box; an adjustable limit cover plate assembly for placing a rubber sealing gasket is arranged on the middle partition plate in a penetrating manner, one end of the rubber sealing gasket is arranged in the inner space A, and the other end of the rubber sealing gasket is arranged in the inner space B;
the internal space A and the internal space B are respectively provided with an environment adjusting component and an environment monitoring component; the environment adjusting component is used for adjusting and controlling environment parameters in the inner space A and the inner space B; the environment monitoring assembly is used for monitoring environment parameters in the inner space A and the inner space B.
Further, the adjustable limit cover plate assembly comprises an inner cover plate and an outer cover plate; the outer cover plate is arranged on the middle partition plate in a penetrating way; the inner cover plate is arranged on the outer cover plate in an adjustable mode, a cavity for accommodating the rubber sealing gasket is formed between the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate, and after the rubber sealing gasket is assembled, the inner space A and the inner space B form mutually independent sealing cavities.
Further, grooves for placing rubber sealing gaskets are formed in the inner surfaces, opposite to the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate, of the inner cover plate, and the grooves are trapezoid.
Further, the inner cover plate is a rectangular plate, a first connecting plate is arranged on the side wall of the inner cover plate, and through holes I are uniformly distributed in the first connecting plate;
The outer cover plate is of a hollow cuboid structure, second connecting plates are arranged on the outer side faces of the two opposite side walls of the outer cover plate, and through holes II which are matched with the first through holes in position are formed in the second connecting plates; an open slot for installing the inner cover plate is formed in the side wall of one of the outer cover plates, which is provided with the second connecting plate;
The middle partition plate is provided with a middle through hole for penetrating the outer cover plate, and the middle partition plate is also provided with a through hole III matched with the second through hole in position;
the outer decking is assembled with the inner decking and fastened to the intermediate deck by fastening bolts.
Further, the first through hole is a strip-shaped hole, and the inner cover plate can move along the first through hole to adjust the distance between the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate so as to adjust the opening amount of the rubber sealing gasket.
Further, through holes IV are formed in the four opposite corners of the inner cover plate, and through holes V are formed in the corresponding positions of the outer cover plate; the through hole IV is a round hole, and the through hole V is a vertically arranged strip hole; and the fourth through hole and the fifth through hole are penetrated and provided with limit bolts, and the limit bolts fix the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate with the adjusted intervals, so that the requirement on the opening amount of the rubber sealing gasket is met.
Further, an adjusting gasket for adjusting the staggered quantity of the rubber sealing gasket is arranged between the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate, and a strip-shaped through hole matched with the through hole in one position is formed in the adjusting gasket.
Further, a box door is arranged on the sealing box, and a handle is arranged on the box door; the box door is provided with a sealing gasket; and a sealing gasket is arranged between the adjustable limiting cover plate assembly and the middle partition plate.
The test method for the differential condition rubber gasket aging test uses the differential condition rubber gasket aging test device to test, and comprises the following specific steps:
step S1: the rubber sealing gasket is stuck in a trapezoid groove on the inner surface of the outer cover plate and the inner cover plate of the adjustable limiting cover plate assembly;
Step S2: the outer cover plate is penetrated and arranged on the middle partition plate of the sealing box, the second connecting plate and the middle partition plate at one end of the outer cover plate, which is not provided with an open slot, are fixed through fastening bolts, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the outer cover plate and the middle partition plate;
Step S3: the inner cover plate is arranged above the opening groove of the outer cover plate, and an adjusting gasket with corresponding thickness is selected according to the staggered platform quantity requirement of the rubber sealing gasket, and is arranged between the inner cover plate and the connecting plate of the outer cover plate, through holes are in one-to-one correspondence, so that the staggered platform quantity of the rubber sealing gasket is arranged;
step S4: the adhesive film sensor is arranged between the rubber sealing gaskets adhered to the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate, and the sensor is connected with the contact stress monitoring assembly;
Step S5: limit bolts are arranged in through holes arranged at four opposite angles of the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate, nuts are screwed down according to the setting requirement of the opening amount of the rubber sealing gasket, and the setting of the opening amount of the rubber sealing gasket is realized;
step S6: determining the position of an inner cover plate, and screwing up a fastening bolt to realize the connection and fixation of the adjustable limiting assembly and the sealing box; a sealing gasket is arranged between the adjustable limiting assembly and the sealing box;
Step S7: according to the requirements of the independent sealed inner space A and the independent sealed inner space B for different environmental conditions, an environment adjusting component and an environment monitoring component are installed on the inner space A, and an environment adjusting component and an environment monitoring component are also installed on the inner space B, so that the assembly of the differential condition rubber gasket aging test device is completed;
Step S8: opening an environment adjusting assembly, and applying different environmental parameter conditions of the upper and lower independent sealed inner space A and the inner space B, including but not limited to environmental temperature, humidity, air pressure, water pressure and water or gas erosion conditions; the environment monitoring system is used for observing the environment parameter conditions in the sealed cavity through corresponding environment monitoring components including, but not limited to, a thermometer, a hygrometer, a pressure gauge and the like;
Step S9: carrying out long-term aging tests on the rubber sealing gasket under different time periods, monitoring and recording the change of the contact stress of the rubber sealing gasket in the aging test process by a monitoring stress monitoring assembly, and analyzing the compression stress failure and waterproof sealing performance reduction condition under the current aging working condition by a contact stress attenuation curve;
Step S10: and after the ageing test is finished, the adjustable limiting assembly is disassembled, the rubber sealing gasket is taken out, and after standing and recovering, physical and mechanical tests are carried out according to test conditions.
Further, physical and mechanical tests are carried out according to test conditions, specifically:
Cutting the aged rubber sealing gasket into thin slices, and observing the shape change of the slice surfaces of the rubber sealing gasket under different aging degrees by using an electron microscope;
According to GB/T528-2009/ISO37:2005 determination of tensile stress and strain properties of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber, preparing a dumbbell I-shaped rubber sample from the aged rubber sealing gasket, and performing a material tensile mechanical property test to obtain the stretch-break elongation and tensile strength;
According to GB18173.4-2010 Polymer waterproof Material part 4: carrying out a seam waterproof test on the shield tunnel segment by using a rubber sealing gasket to obtain extreme waterproof pressure under different ageing conditions; the deterioration of rubber properties under the differential condition aging was evaluated based on test data including morphology change, elongation at break, tensile strength and ultimate waterproofing pressure.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention provides a differential condition rubber gasket aging test device, which comprises a sealing box, wherein the sealing box comprises an independent sealed inner space A and an independent sealed inner space B, and the sealing box is separated by a middle partition plate and is used for independently providing two different working environments; an adjustable cover plate component is arranged on the middle partition plate and is used for placing the rubber sealing gasket in the inner space A and the inner space B at the same time; the internal space A and the internal space B are respectively connected with an environment adjusting component and an environment monitoring component, and simulation and monitoring of various environment parameters (including but not limited to temperature, humidity, air pressure, water pressure and the like) of the internal space A and the internal space B are met by replacing different environment adjusting components and corresponding environment monitoring components, so that test simulation under aging conditions such as differential temperature, differential humidity, differential erosion, differential pressure and the like is realized.
(2) According to the invention, the spacing between the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate is controlled by adjusting the spacing between the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate and matching with the spacing bolt on the adjustable cover plate assembly, so that the opening amount of the rubber sealing gasket is controlled; the relative positions between the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate are adjusted through adjusting gaskets with different thicknesses between the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate, so that the dislocation amount of the rubber sealing gasket is controlled, and the simulation of different contact working conditions of the rubber sealing gasket is realized.
(3) The invention also provides a test method for the aging test of the rubber sealing gasket under the differential condition, the aging test of the rubber sealing gasket under the differential condition is realized by the test device provided by the invention, the contact stress of the rubber sealing gasket in the aging process is monitored by the sensor and the monitoring device, and the physical and chemical property changes of the rubber sealing gasket before and after the aging test are compared and analyzed by physical and mechanical tests; the test method is simple and easy to operate, and comprehensive analysis of multiple results is performed, so that the change of physical and chemical properties of the rubber sealing gasket after the differential environment aging test under the compression deformation state is more accurately and comprehensively studied.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rubber gasket aging test apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rubber gasket burn-in apparatus with a door removed;
FIG. 3 is a simplified schematic illustration of the cutaway of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an inner deck structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an outer cover plate structure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rubber gasket aging test apparatus without an adjustable stop cover plate assembly installed;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an adjustable stop cover plate assembly;
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the tuning pad.
The sealing box comprises a sealing box body, a sealing box, a middle partition plate, a 1.1.1.1, a middle through hole, a 1.1.2, a through hole III, a 1.2, a box door, a2, an adjustable limit cover plate component, a 2.1, an inner cover plate, a 2.1.1, a first connecting plate, a 2.1.2, a first through hole, a 2.1.3, a fourth through hole, a 2.2, an outer cover plate, a 2.2.1, a second connecting plate, a 2.2.2, a second through hole, a 2.2.3, a fifth through hole, a 2.3, a groove, a 2.4, a limit bolt, a 3, an adjusting gasket, a 3.1, a long-strip-shaped through hole, a 4, an environment adjusting component, a 5, an environment monitoring component and a 6 and a rubber sealing gasket.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, but the invention can be implemented in a number of different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present embodiment provides a differential condition rubber gasket aging test apparatus, which includes a seal box 1, wherein a middle partition plate 1.1 dividing the seal box 1 into an inner space a and an inner space B is provided inside the seal box 1; an adjustable limit cover plate assembly 2 for placing a rubber sealing gasket 6 is arranged on the middle partition plate 1.1 in a penetrating manner, one end of the rubber sealing gasket is arranged in the inner space A, and the other end of the rubber sealing gasket is arranged in the inner space B;
The inner space A and the inner space B are respectively provided with an environment adjusting component 4 and an environment monitoring component 5; the environment adjusting component 4 is used for adjusting and controlling environment parameters in the inner space A and the inner space B; the environment monitoring assembly 5 is used for monitoring environment parameters in the inner space a and the inner space B. The environmental conditioning assembly 4 includes, but is not limited to, control devices of temperature, humidity, pressure, etc., such as heaters, humidifiers, booster pumps, etc.; the environmental monitoring component 5 includes, but is not limited to, a thermometer, a hygrometer, a pressure gauge, and the like.
Referring to fig. 3, the adjustable stop cover plate assembly 2 includes an inner cover plate 2.1 and an outer cover plate 2.2; the outer cover plate 2.2 is arranged on the middle partition plate 1.1 in a penetrating way; the inner cover plate 2.1 is adjustably arranged on the outer cover plate 2.2, a cavity for accommodating the rubber gasket 6 is formed between the inner cover plate 2.1 and the outer cover plate 2.2, and the inner space A and the inner space B form mutually independent sealing cavities after the rubber gasket 6 is assembled.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, grooves 2.3 for placing rubber gaskets are formed on the inner surfaces of the inner cover plate 2.1 and the outer cover plate 2.2, and the grooves 2.3 are trapezoidal; the trapezoid groove can increase the contact area with the rubber sealing gasket, so that the rubber sealing gasket and the groove are firmly installed.
Preferably, referring to fig. 4, the inner cover plate 2.1 is a rectangular plate, a first connecting plate 2.1.1 is arranged on the side wall of the inner cover plate 2.1, and through holes 2.1.2 are uniformly distributed on the first connecting plate 2.1.1;
Referring to fig. 5, the outer cover 2.2 is of a hollow cuboid structure, the outer sides of two opposite side walls of the outer cover 2.2 are provided with second connecting plates 2.2.1, and the second connecting plates 2.2.1 are provided with through holes 2.2.2 which are matched with the first through holes 2.1.2 in position; an open slot for installing the inner cover plate 2.1 is formed in the side wall of one of the outer cover plates 2.2, provided with the second connecting plate 2.2.1;
Referring to fig. 6, a middle through hole 1.1.1 for penetrating the outer cover plate 2.2 is arranged on the middle partition plate 1.1, and a through hole three 1.1.2 matched with the through hole two 2.2.2 in position is also arranged on the middle partition plate 1.1;
Referring to fig. 7, the outer cover plate 2.2 is assembled with the inner cover plate 2.1 and fastened to the middle partition plate 1.1 by fastening bolts. During specific assembly, the position of the second through hole 2.2.2 is matched with the position of the third through hole 1.1.2, and the position of the first through hole 2.1.2 is matched with the position of the second through hole 2.2.2 at the opening groove.
Preferably, the first through hole 2.1.2 is an elongated hole, and the inner cover plate 2.1 can move along the first through hole 2.1.2 to adjust the distance between the inner cover plate 2.1 and the outer cover plate 2.2.
Through holes four 2.1.3 are formed in four opposite corners of the inner cover plate 2.1, and through holes five 2.2.3 are formed in corresponding positions of the outer cover plate 2.2; the through holes IV 2.1.3 are round holes, and the through holes V2.2.3 are vertically arranged strip-shaped holes; and the limit bolts 2.4 are arranged in the through holes IV 2.1.3 and the through holes V2.2.3 in a penetrating way, and the limit bolts 2.4 fix the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate with the adjusted distance.
When the opening amount of the rubber sealing gasket is adjusted, the inner cover plate 2.1 moves along the strip-shaped direction of the through hole I2.1.2, the distance between the inner cover plate 2.1 and the outer cover plate 2.2 is adjusted, after the adjustment is finished, the fastening bolts are screwed, and the inner cover plate 2.1 and the outer cover plate 2.2 are fastened to the middle partition plate 1.1; and the spacing bolts 2.4 between the inner cover plate 2.1 and the outer cover plate 2.2 are screwed down, so that the space between the inner cover plate 2.1 and the outer cover plate 2.2 is fixed, and the requirement on the opening amount of the rubber sealing gasket is met.
Referring to fig. 7, an adjusting gasket 3 for adjusting the dislocation amount of the rubber sealing gasket is arranged between the inner cover plate 2.1 and the outer cover plate 2.2, and a strip-shaped through hole 3.1 matched with the first through hole 2.1.2 in position is arranged on the adjusting gasket 3.
Preferably, the adjusting gasket 3 is a cuboid cast iron gasket; the size of the adjusting gasket 3 is consistent with that of the first connecting plate 2.1.1, and the thickness of the adjusting gasket comprises multiple sizes of 2mm, 5mm, 8mm and the like and can be used in a superposition mode for adjusting different staggered-platform quantity contact of the rubber sealing gasket.
When the staggered amount of the rubber sealing gasket is regulated, an regulating gasket 3 is added between the inner cover plate 2.1 and the outer cover plate 2.2, and at the moment, the inner cover plate 2.1 moves along the five through holes 2.2.3 through the limiting bolts 2.4; when the limit bolts 2.4 are positioned at the lowest ends of the through holes five 2.2.3, no dislocation exists between the rubber sealing strips on the inner cover plate 2.1 and the outer cover plate 2.2; when the limit bolts 2.4 move to the uppermost ends of the through holes five 2.2.3, the staggered amount of the rubber sealing strips on the inner cover plate 2.1 and the outer cover plate 2.2 is maximum.
Preferably, a box door 1.2 is arranged on the seal box 1, and a handle is arranged on the box door 1.2; a sealing gasket is arranged on the box door 1.2; and a sealing gasket is arranged between the adjustable limit cover plate assembly 2 and the middle partition plate 1.1. Through the use of sealing gasket, guarantee the independent leakproofness of box inner space A and inner space B.
In the embodiment, the upper and lower independent sealed inner space A and the inner space B of the double-layer sealing box apply different temperatures through the control of the environment regulating and controlling assembly, other environment parameters such as water pressure, temperature and corrosiveness are kept consistent, and the working condition of different temperatures of the inner contact surface and the outer contact surface of the rubber sealing gasket is simulated.
In this embodiment, the environment adjusting component adopts a heater, the environment monitoring component adopts a thermometer, and the heater is used for applying different temperatures to the internal space a and the internal space B, and monitoring the temperatures in the internal space a and the internal space B in real time through the thermometer.
In this embodiment, in order to ensure smooth implementation of the differential temperature test, it is necessary to ensure that the upper and lower independent sealed internal spaces a and B have better heat preservation characteristics. Specifically, the heat-insulating layer is made of polyurethane foam materials, and the heat-insulating layer is respectively adhered to the inner surfaces of the inner space A and the inner space B.
In this embodiment, the differential condition rubber gasket aging test method includes the following steps:
Step S1: respectively adhering rubber sealing gaskets to the trapezoid grooves on the inner surfaces of the outer cover plate and the inner cover plate of the adjustable limiting cover plate assembly, wherein the rubber sealing gaskets protrude out of the inner surfaces of the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate; adhering a heat preservation and insulation layer made of polyurethane foam to the inner surfaces of an inner space A and an inner space B of the double-layer sealed box, waiting for 24 hours, and waiting for the adhesive to take effect;
Step S2: the outer cover plate is arranged in the middle through hole of the middle partition plate of the double-layer sealing box, the round through hole of the middle partition plate corresponds to the second through hole of the outer cover plate, the second connecting plate at one end of the outer cover plate, which is not provided with an open slot, and the middle partition plate are fixed through fastening bolts, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the outer cover plate and the middle partition plate;
Step S3: the inner cover plate is arranged above the opening groove of the outer cover plate, and an adjusting gasket with corresponding thickness is selected according to the setting requirement of the staggered platform quantity of the rubber sealing gasket to be arranged between the inner cover plate and the connecting plate of the outer cover plate, and the through holes are in one-to-one correspondence to realize the setting of the staggered platform quantity of the rubber sealing gasket;
step S4: the adhesive film sensor is arranged between the rubber sealing gaskets adhered to the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate, and the sensor is connected with the contact stress monitoring assembly;
Step S5: limit bolts are arranged in through holes arranged at four opposite angles of the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate, nuts are screwed down according to the setting requirement of the opening amount of the rubber sealing gasket, and the setting of the opening amount of the rubber sealing gasket is realized;
Step S6: determining the position of the inner cover plate, and screwing up the fastening bolts to realize the connection and fixation of the inner cover plate, the outer cover plate and the middle partition plate; a sealing gasket is arranged between the outer cover plate and the middle partition plate;
step S7: according to the environmental condition requirements of different temperatures of the upper and lower independent sealed inner space A and the inner space B, respectively installing a heater in left through holes of the inner space A and the inner space B, respectively installing a thermometer in right through holes of the inner space A and the inner space B, and completing the assembly of the ageing test device of the rubber sealing gasket with different temperatures;
step S8: starting a heater, and applying different temperatures of the upper contact surface and the lower contact surface of the rubber sealing gasket; observing environmental parameter conditions in the sealed cavity through a thermometer; after the inner space A and the inner space B which are independently sealed up and down reach the target temperature respectively, preserving heat to ensure that the temperatures in the inner space A and the inner space B are kept within the target temperature range;
step S9: carrying out long-term aging tests of the rubber sealing gasket under the differential adjustment of different time periods of 5 days, 15 days and 30 days respectively, monitoring and recording the change of the contact stress of the rubber sealing gasket in the aging test process through a contact stress monitoring assembly, and analyzing the compression stress failure and waterproof sealing performance reduction condition under the current aging working condition through a contact stress attenuation curve;
Step S10: after the ageing test is finished, the adjustable limiting assembly is disassembled, the rubber sealing gasket is taken out, and after standing and recovering, the following physical and mechanical tests are carried out according to the test conditions: cutting the aged rubber gasket into thin slices, and observing the shape changes of the slice surfaces of the rubber gasket under different aging degrees by using an electron microscope (SEM) such as: particle precipitation, cracking, holes, etc.; according to GB/T528-2009/ISO37:2005 measurement of tensile stress and strain properties of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber, preparing a dumbbell I-shaped rubber sample from the aged rubber sealing gasket, and performing a material tensile mechanical property test to obtain tensile indexes such as tensile elongation, tensile strength and the like; according to GB18173.4-2010 Polymer waterproof Material part 4: and (3) carrying out a linear seam waterproof test on the shield tunnel segment by using a rubber sealing gasket to obtain the ultimate waterproof pressure under different ageing conditions. Based on the above test data, the deterioration of rubber properties under the differential condition aging was evaluated.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the upper and lower independent sealed inner space A and the inner space B of the double-layer sealing box apply different humidity through the control of the environment regulating and controlling assembly, and keep other environment parameters such as water pressure, temperature, corrosiveness and the like consistent, and simulate the working condition of different humidity of the inner contact surface and the outer contact surface of the rubber sealing gasket.
In this embodiment, environment conditioning module adopts the humidifier, environment monitoring module adopts the hygrometer, and the humidifier is used for applying different humidity for inner space A and inner space B to humidity in inner space A and the inner space B is monitored through the hygrometer real-time supervision.
In this embodiment, the double-deck seal box adopts stainless steel construction, and box material itself has better water proof moisturizing ability, carries out the moisturizing to chamber door and middle septum through-hole position and handles, specifically, pastes the area of moisturizing along chamber door and middle septum through-hole edge, strengthens the moisturizing ability of inner space A and inner space B from top to bottom.
In this embodiment, other structures of the differential condition rubber gasket aging test apparatus are the same as those of embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
In this embodiment, the differential condition rubber gasket aging test method includes the following steps:
Step S1: respectively adhering rubber sealing gaskets to the trapezoid grooves on the inner surfaces of the outer cover plate and the inner cover plate of the adjustable limiting cover plate assembly, wherein the rubber sealing gaskets protrude out of the inner surfaces of the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate; sticking a moisturizing tape along the edges of the through holes of the box door and the middle partition board, and waiting for the adhesive to take effect;
Step S2: the outer cover plate is arranged in the middle through hole of the middle partition plate of the double-layer sealing box, the round through hole of the middle partition plate corresponds to the second through hole of the outer cover plate, the second connecting plate at one end of the outer cover plate, which is not provided with an open slot, and the middle partition plate are fixed through fastening bolts, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the outer cover plate and the middle partition plate;
Step S3: the inner cover plate is arranged above the opening groove of the outer cover plate, and an adjusting gasket with corresponding thickness is selected according to the setting requirement of the staggered platform quantity of the rubber sealing gasket to be arranged between the inner cover plate and the connecting plate of the outer cover plate, and the through holes are in one-to-one correspondence to realize the setting of the staggered platform quantity of the rubber sealing gasket;
step S4: the adhesive film sensor is arranged between the rubber sealing gaskets adhered to the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate, and the sensor is connected with the contact stress monitoring assembly;
Step S5: limit bolts are arranged in through holes arranged at four opposite angles of the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate, nuts are screwed down according to the setting requirement of the opening amount of the rubber sealing gasket, and the setting of the opening amount of the rubber sealing gasket is realized;
Step S6: determining the position of the inner cover plate, and screwing up bolts to realize the connection and fixation of the inner cover plate, the outer cover plate and the middle partition plate; a sealing gasket is arranged between the outer cover plate and the middle partition plate;
Step S7: according to the environmental condition requirements of the difference humidity of the upper and lower inner spaces A and the inner space B, respectively installing a humidifier at left bottom through holes of the inner spaces A and B, respectively installing a hygrometer at right top through holes of the inner spaces A and B, and completing the assembly of the difference humidity rubber sealing gasket aging test device;
Step S8: starting the humidifier, and applying different humidities on the upper contact surface and the lower contact surface of the rubber sealing gasket; the environmental parameter conditions in the upper and lower inner spaces A and B are observed through a hygrometer; after the internal space A and the internal space B reach target humidity respectively, moisturizing is carried out to ensure that the humidity in the internal space A and the internal space B is kept within the target humidity range;
step S9: carrying out long-term aging tests of the rubber sealing gasket under the differential adjustment of different time periods of 5 days, 15 days and 30 days respectively, monitoring and recording the change of the contact stress of the rubber sealing gasket in the aging test process through a contact stress monitoring assembly, and analyzing the compression stress failure and waterproof sealing performance reduction condition under the current aging working condition through a contact stress attenuation curve;
Step S10: after the ageing test is finished, the adjustable limiting assembly is disassembled, the rubber sealing gasket is taken out, and after standing and recovering, the following physical and mechanical tests are carried out according to the test conditions: cutting the aged rubber gasket into thin slices, and observing the shape changes of the slice surfaces of the rubber gasket under different aging degrees by using an electron microscope (SEM) such as: particle precipitation, cracking, holes, etc.; according to GB/T528-2009/ISO37:2005 measurement of tensile stress and strain properties of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber, preparing a dumbbell I-shaped rubber sample from the aged rubber sealing gasket, and performing a material tensile mechanical property test to obtain tensile indexes such as tensile elongation, tensile strength and the like; according to GB18173.4-2010 Polymer waterproof Material part 4: and (3) carrying out a linear seam waterproof test on the shield tunnel segment by using a rubber sealing gasket to obtain the ultimate waterproof pressure under different ageing conditions. Based on the above test data, the deterioration of rubber properties under the differential condition aging was evaluated.
Example 3
In the implementation, the upper and lower independent sealed inner space A and the inner space B of the double-layer sealing box apply different water pressures through the control of the environment regulating and controlling assembly, and keep other environment parameters such as temperature, humidity, corrosiveness and the like consistent, and simulate the working condition of different water pressures of the inner contact surface and the outer contact surface of the rubber sealing gasket.
In this embodiment, the environment adjusting assembly adopts a water pressure control device, mainly a pressurized water pump, for applying different water pressures to the internal space a and the internal space B, where the internal space a and the internal space B adopt the same pressurized liquid; the environment monitoring assembly adopts a water pressure meter, and the water pressure conditions in the inner space A and the inner space B are monitored in real time through the water pressure meter.
In this embodiment, in order to ensure the smooth implementation of the differential water pressure embodiment, it is necessary to ensure that the internal space a and the internal space B have a sufficiently reliable tightness. Specifically, a rubber sealing gasket is arranged at the joint of the middle partition plate and the adjustable limiting cover plate assembly, and is of an L-shaped structure, so that independent tightness of the upper space A and the lower space B is ensured; and a sealing ring is arranged at the contact edge of the box door with the inner space A and the inner space B, so that the integral tightness of the box door is ensured when the box door is closed.
In this embodiment, other structures of the differential condition rubber gasket aging test apparatus are the same as those of embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
In this example, the difference condition rubber gasket aging test method is different from example 2 in the steps:
step S1: respectively adhering rubber sealing gaskets to the trapezoid grooves on the inner surfaces of the outer cover plate and the inner cover plate of the adjustable limiting cover plate assembly, wherein the rubber sealing gaskets protrude out of the inner surfaces of the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate; a rubber sealing gasket is stuck at the joint of the middle partition plate and the adjustable limiting cover plate component, a sealing ring is stuck at the contact edge of the box door, the inner space A and the inner space B, and the adhesive is waited for effectiveness;
Step S7: according to the environmental condition requirements of the differential water pressure of the internal space A and the internal space B, respectively installing a water pressure regulating assembly at the bottom through holes at the left sides of the internal space A and the internal space B, wherein the water pressure regulating device is mainly a pressurized water pump; installing water pressure meters in the top through holes on the right sides of the inner space A and the inner space B to complete the assembly of the differential water pressure rubber sealing gasket aging test device;
Step S8: starting a pressurizing water pump, injecting the same pressurizing liquid, and applying different water pressures on the upper contact surface and the lower contact surface of the rubber sealing gasket; the environmental parameter conditions in the internal space A and the internal space B are observed through a water pressure meter; and maintaining the pressure after the internal space A and the internal space B reach the target water pressure respectively, so that the pressure in the internal space A and the internal space B is kept within the target pressure range.
In this embodiment, other steps of the differential condition rubber gasket aging test method are the same as those of embodiment 2, and will not be described here.
Example 4
In the embodiment, the inner space A and the inner space B of the double-layer sealing box apply the prepared liquid containing different corrosive substances through the control of the environment regulating and controlling assembly, other environment parameters such as water pressure, temperature and humidity are kept consistent, and the working condition of the rubber sealing gasket under the condition of differential corrosion of the inner contact surface and the outer contact surface is simulated.
In this embodiment, the environment adjusting assembly adopts a water pressure control device, mainly a pressurized water pump, for applying water pressure to the internal space a and the internal space B, so that the water pressure in the internal space a and the internal space B are the same, and the upper space a and the lower space B are respectively injected with the blending liquid containing different erosion substances; the environment monitoring assembly adopts a water pressure meter, and the water pressure condition in the control device is monitored in real time through the water pressure meter.
In this embodiment, in order to ensure the smooth implementation of the differential erosion embodiment, it is necessary to ensure that the tank material has good corrosion resistance. Specifically, the inside of the double-layer sealed box adopts a stainless steel structure, the box body material has better corrosion resistance, and particularly, according to the property of the corrosion material, the inner surface of the double-layer sealed box is coated with a proper corrosion-resistant coating, and the sealing treatment same as that of the embodiment 3 is adopted.
In this embodiment, other structures of the differential condition rubber gasket aging test apparatus are the same as those of embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
In this example, the difference condition rubber gasket aging test method is different from example 3 in the steps:
Step S1: respectively adhering rubber sealing gaskets to the trapezoid grooves on the inner surfaces of the outer cover plate and the inner cover plate of the adjustable limiting cover plate assembly, wherein the rubber sealing gaskets protrude out of the inner surfaces of the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate; a rubber sealing gasket is stuck at the joint of the middle partition plate and the adjustable limiting cover plate component, a sealing ring is stuck at the contact edge of the box door, the inner space A and the inner space B, and the adhesive is waited for effectiveness; according to the property of the corrosion material, coating a proper corrosion-resistant coating on the inner surface of the double-layer sealing box, and waiting for the corrosion-resistant coating to take effect;
step S8: starting the pressurizing water pumps 2, injecting the prepared liquid containing different erosion substances, applying different corrosivity of the upper contact surface and the lower contact surface of the rubber sealing gasket, and controlling the same pressurizing rate of the two groups of pressurizing water pumps; the environmental parameter conditions in the internal space A and the internal space B are observed through a water pressure meter; and maintaining the pressure after the internal space A and the internal space B reach the same target water pressure, so that the pressure in the internal space A and the internal space B is kept within the target pressure range.
In this embodiment, other steps of the differential condition rubber gasket aging test method are the same as those of embodiment 3, and will not be described here.
By adopting the structure and the test steps, the embodiment of different initial compression deformation states of the rubber sealing gasket is realized through the limit bolt and the adjusting gasket of the adjustable limit cover plate assembly; the embodiment of realizing the difference temperature of the inner contact surface and the outer contact surface of the rubber sealing gasket by applying different temperatures through a temperature regulating device; the embodiment of realizing the differential humidity of the inner contact surface and the outer contact surface of the rubber sealing gasket by applying different humidity through a humidity adjusting device; an embodiment of applying different pressures by a hydraulic (or pneumatic) loading device to realize the differential pressure of the inner contact surface and the outer contact surface of the rubber sealing gasket; the differential erosion of the inner contact surface and the outer contact surface of the rubber sealing gasket is realized by a hydraulic (or pneumatic) loading device and different erosive blended liquids (or gases).
After the aging test, researching the compression stress failure condition of the rubber sealing gasket in the long-term aging process through a sensor; the deterioration condition of the rubber performance under different differential conditions is evaluated by SEM (scanning electron microscope) apparent observation, tensile mechanical test, waterproof test and the like. And comparing and analyzing the results of the contact stress test of the elastic rubber gasket under the aging of multiple working conditions and multiple time periods, and constructing a long-term performance aging curve to calculate the long-term waterproof performance reduction condition of the gasket rubber material under different service times under different differential conditions.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The differential condition rubber gasket aging test device is characterized by comprising a sealing box (1), wherein a middle partition plate (1.1) for dividing the sealing box (1) into an inner space A and an inner space B is arranged in the sealing box (1); an adjustable limit cover plate assembly (2) for placing a rubber sealing gasket (6) is arranged on the middle partition plate (1.1) in a penetrating manner, one end of the rubber sealing gasket (6) is arranged in the inner space A, and the other end of the rubber sealing gasket is arranged in the inner space B;
The inner space A and the inner space B are respectively provided with an environment adjusting component (4) and an environment monitoring component (5); the environment adjusting component (4) is used for adjusting and controlling environment parameters in the inner space A and the inner space B; the environment monitoring component (5) is used for monitoring environment parameters in the inner space A and the inner space B;
The adjustable limit cover plate assembly (2) comprises an inner cover plate (2.1) and an outer cover plate (2.2); the outer cover plate (2.2) is arranged on the middle partition plate (1.1) in a penetrating way; the inner cover plate (2.1) is adjustably arranged on the outer cover plate (2.2), a cavity for accommodating the rubber sealing gasket (6) is formed between the inner cover plate (2.1) and the outer cover plate (2.2), and after the rubber sealing gasket (6) is assembled, the inner space A and the inner space B form mutually independent sealing cavities;
The inner cover plate (2.1) is a rectangular plate, a first connecting plate (2.1.1) is arranged on the side wall of the inner cover plate (2.1), and through holes I (2.1.2) are uniformly distributed in the first connecting plate (2.1.1); the first through hole (2.1.2) is a strip-shaped hole, the inner cover plate (2.1) can move along the first through hole (2.1.2) to adjust the distance between the inner cover plate (2.1) and the outer cover plate (2.2) so as to adjust the opening amount of the rubber sealing gasket;
An adjusting gasket (3) for adjusting the staggered amount of the rubber sealing gasket is arranged between the inner cover plate (2.1) and the outer cover plate (2.2).
2. The differential condition rubber gasket aging test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein grooves (2.3) for placing the rubber gasket are provided on opposite inner surfaces of the inner cover plate (2.1) and the outer cover plate (2.2), and the grooves (2.3) are trapezoidal.
3. The differential condition rubber gasket aging test device according to claim 2, wherein the outer cover plate (2.2) is of a hollow cuboid structure, second connecting plates (2.2.1) are arranged on the outer side surfaces of two opposite side walls of the outer cover plate (2.2), and through holes (2.2.2) matched with the first through holes (2.1.2) in position are arranged on the second connecting plates (2.2.1); an open slot for installing the inner cover plate (2.1) is formed in the side wall of one of the outer cover plates (2.2) provided with the second connecting plate (2.2.1);
The middle partition board (1.1) is provided with a middle through hole (1.1.1) for penetrating the outer cover board (2.2), and the middle partition board (1.1) is also provided with a through hole III (1.1.2) which is matched with the through hole II (2.2.2) in position;
the outer cover plate (2.2) is assembled with the inner cover plate (2.1) and fastened to the middle partition plate (1.1) by fastening bolts.
4. The differential condition rubber gasket aging test device according to claim 3, wherein through holes four (2.1.3) are formed in four opposite corners of the inner cover plate (2.1), and through holes five (2.2.3) are formed in corresponding positions of the outer cover plate (2.2); the fourth through hole (2.1.3) is a round hole, and the fifth through hole (2.2.3) is a vertically arranged long strip hole; and the fourth through hole (2.1.3) and the fifth through hole (2.2.3) are penetrated and provided with limit bolts (2.4), and the limit bolts (2.4) fix the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate with the adjusted intervals, so that the requirement on the opening amount of the rubber sealing gasket is met.
5. A differential condition rubber gasket burn-in apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the adjusting gasket (3) is provided with a long-strip-shaped through hole (3.1) which is matched with the first through hole (2.1.2) in position.
6. The differential condition rubber gasket aging test device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a box door (1.2) is provided on the seal box (1), and a handle is provided on the box door (1.2); a sealing gasket is arranged on the box door (1.2); and a sealing gasket is arranged between the adjustable limit cover plate assembly (2) and the middle partition plate (1.1).
7. A differential condition rubber gasket aging test method, characterized in that the differential condition rubber gasket aging test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used for testing, comprising the following steps:
step S1: the rubber sealing gasket is stuck in a trapezoid groove on the inner surface of the outer cover plate and the inner cover plate of the adjustable limiting cover plate assembly;
Step S2: the outer cover plate is penetrated and arranged on the middle partition plate of the sealing box, the second connecting plate and the middle partition plate at one end of the outer cover plate, which is not provided with an open slot, are fixed through fastening bolts, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the outer cover plate and the middle partition plate;
Step S3: the inner cover plate is arranged above the opening groove of the outer cover plate, and an adjusting gasket with corresponding thickness is selected according to the staggered platform quantity requirement of the rubber sealing gasket, and is arranged between the inner cover plate and the connecting plate of the outer cover plate, through holes are in one-to-one correspondence, so that the staggered platform quantity of the rubber sealing gasket is arranged;
step S4: the adhesive film sensor is arranged between the rubber sealing gaskets adhered to the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate, and the sensor is connected with the contact stress monitoring assembly;
Step S5: limit bolts are arranged in through holes arranged at four opposite angles of the inner cover plate and the outer cover plate, nuts are screwed down according to the setting requirement of the opening amount of the rubber sealing gasket, and the setting of the opening amount of the rubber sealing gasket is realized;
step S6: determining the position of an inner cover plate, and screwing up a fastening bolt to realize the connection and fixation of the adjustable limiting assembly and the sealing box; a sealing gasket is arranged between the adjustable limiting assembly and the sealing box;
Step S7: according to the requirements of the independent sealed inner space A and the independent sealed inner space B for different environmental conditions, an environment adjusting component and an environment monitoring component are installed on the inner space A, and an environment adjusting component and an environment monitoring component are also installed on the inner space B, so that the assembly of the differential condition rubber gasket aging test device is completed;
step S8: opening an environment adjusting assembly, and applying different environmental parameter conditions of the upper and lower independent sealed inner space A and the inner space B, including environmental temperature, humidity, pressure and water or gas erosion conditions; observing environmental parameter conditions in the sealed cavity through corresponding environment monitoring components, including a thermometer, a hygrometer and a pressure gauge;
Step S9: carrying out long-term aging tests on the rubber sealing gasket under different time periods, monitoring and recording the change of the contact stress of the rubber sealing gasket in the aging test process by a monitoring stress monitoring assembly, and analyzing the compression stress failure and waterproof sealing performance reduction condition under the current aging working condition by a contact stress attenuation curve;
Step S10: and after the ageing test is finished, the adjustable limiting assembly is disassembled, the rubber sealing gasket is taken out, and after standing and recovering, physical and mechanical tests are carried out according to test conditions.
8. The differential condition rubber gasket aging test method according to claim 7, wherein physical and mechanical tests are carried out according to test conditions, specifically:
Cutting the aged rubber sealing gasket into thin slices, and observing the shape change of the slice surfaces of the rubber sealing gasket under different aging degrees by using an electron microscope;
According to GB/T528-2009/ISO37:2005 determination of tensile stress and strain properties of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber, preparing a dumbbell I-shaped rubber sample from the aged rubber sealing gasket, and performing a material tensile mechanical property test to obtain the stretch-break elongation and tensile strength;
According to GB18173.4-2010 Polymer waterproof Material part 4: carrying out a seam waterproof test on the shield tunnel segment by using a rubber sealing gasket to obtain extreme waterproof pressure under different ageing conditions; the deterioration of rubber properties under the differential condition aging was evaluated based on test data including morphology change, elongation at break, tensile strength and ultimate waterproofing pressure.
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