CN117704014B - Power transmission device suitable for agricultural machinery - Google Patents
Power transmission device suitable for agricultural machinery Download PDFInfo
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- CN117704014B CN117704014B CN202410166571.6A CN202410166571A CN117704014B CN 117704014 B CN117704014 B CN 117704014B CN 202410166571 A CN202410166571 A CN 202410166571A CN 117704014 B CN117704014 B CN 117704014B
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a power transmission device suitable for agricultural machinery, belongs to the technical field of power transmission, and solves the problems that the structure is complex, the size is large, and the power is not interrupted in the gear shifting process in the prior art. According to the invention, by controlling the gear shifting clutch and the gear shifting brake, the high-low speed function of the transmission is rapidly switched, the speed of the gear shifting process is stable and has no impact, and the power interruption in the gear shifting process can be ensured; through the parking brake, the safety parking function of the transmission under the parking working condition is realized, and the parking safety of the vehicle is improved; through the service brake, the quick parking of the agricultural machine during the switching of working/parking working conditions is realized, and the operation is simple and convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power transmission, and particularly relates to a power transmission device suitable for agricultural machinery.
Background
The transmission (power transmission device) is a key core component for developing modern agricultural mechanical devices, and the domestic existing agricultural mechanical automatic transmission mainly comprises an HMCVT (hydraulic mechanical power split continuously variable transmission), but the complicated structure and the huge volume of the automatic transmission cannot be commonly used in agricultural machines with limited arrangement space, so that the automatic transmission with small volume and light weight needs to be developed. In addition, compared with road mechanical equipment, the agricultural mechanical equipment is generally driven by a hydraulic motor, and does not have frequent gear shifting phenomenon or need more gears, so that the 2-gear transmission is generally adopted for the agricultural machinery under the simple working condition, namely, a field mode working condition adopts a high-torque high-speed ratio mode; the highway mode employs a low torque and low speed ratio. There has been a great deal of research on agricultural machine transmissions such as CN115978143a and CN102918301a.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems, the invention provides a power transmission device suitable for agricultural machinery, which solves the problems that the structure is complex, the size is large, and the power is not interrupted well in the gear shifting process in the prior art.
The invention provides a power transmission device suitable for agricultural machinery, which comprises a driving device, a planetary gear mechanism, a gear shaft, a gear shifting clutch, a sleeve gear shaft, a gear shifting brake, an intermediate shaft, a parking brake, a differential wet clutch, a first half shaft, a second half shaft and a service brake, wherein the first half shaft is connected with the first half shaft;
The drive is connected with the planetary gear mechanism and transmits power to the planetary gear mechanism; the planetary gear mechanism and the sleeve gear are sleeved on the gear shaft; the sleeve gear shaft is connected with the planetary gear mechanism through a gear shifting clutch; the sleeve gear shaft is connected with the intermediate shaft and transmits power to the intermediate shaft; the intermediate shaft is connected with the differential mechanism and transmits power to the differential mechanism;
the gear shifting brake is arranged at one end of the gear shaft; the parking brake is arranged at one end of the intermediate shaft;
the differential mechanism is connected with the first half shaft through one end of the differential mechanism wet clutch; the other end of the differential mechanism is connected with the second half shaft; the first half shaft and the second half shaft are respectively connected with a service brake.
Optionally, forging the first sun gear integrally on the gear; one end of the sleeve gear shaft is provided with a second sun gear.
Optionally, the planetary gear mechanism comprises a double row planetary gear, a planetary carrier and a planetary gear; the double-row planetary gear comprises a first planetary gear and a second planetary gear; the first planet wheel is connected with the gear shaft through the first sun wheel, and the second planet wheel is connected with the sleeve gear shaft through the second sun wheel.
Optionally, the first sun gear is a large sun gear; the second sun gear is a small sun gear.
Optionally, the sleeve gear shaft includes a drive gear; the differential includes a differential crown gear.
Optionally, the intermediate shaft comprises an intermediate shaft pinion and an intermediate shaft bull gear, and the intermediate shaft bull gear is meshed with a drive gear on the sleeve gear shaft; the intermediate shaft pinion is meshed with the differential crown gear.
Optionally, the differential includes a differential housing, a side gear, a differential crown gear, and a planetary gear.
Optionally, the reduction ratio between the intermediate shaft large gear and the sleeve gear shaft is smaller than the reduction ratio between the intermediate shaft small gear and the differential.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the high-low speed function of the speed changer is quickly switched by controlling the gear shifting clutch and the gear shifting brake, when the gear shifting brake works, the speed changer is in a low speed gear, and when the gear shifting clutch works, the speed changer is in a high speed gear; the wet clutch is used for transmitting torque in a friction mode, the speed of the gear shifting process is stable and free of impact, and no power interruption in the gear shifting process can be guaranteed.
(2) According to the invention, the parking brake between the intermediate shaft and the shell is arranged, so that the safety parking function of the transmission under the parking working condition is realized, the parking driver is arranged on the intermediate shaft by utilizing the fact that the torque transmitted in the forward direction or in the reverse direction of the intermediate shaft is in a proper value, and the parking safety of a vehicle is improved;
(3) The wet clutch provided with the differential half shaft gear helps the vehicle get rid of the harshness in the mud, and when the vehicle is in the mud and the wheels slide, the wet clutch locks the half shaft and the vehicle speed device shell, so that the sliding wheels are locked, the same-speed rotation of the two wheels is realized, and the quick self-locking and getting rid of the harshness of the agricultural machinery are helped;
(4) The invention is provided with the service brakes, so that the agricultural machinery can be rapidly stopped when working/stopping working conditions are switched, when the vehicle needs emergency braking in a working state, the left and right service brakes are rapidly connected under the control of hydraulic oil, the vehicle is stopped, and when the vehicle is started again, the hydraulic oil is decompressed, and the service brakes are disconnected;
(5) The invention has simple structure and convenient operation, and is suitable for the transmission of the 2-gear speed changer of the agricultural machinery.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a 2-speed transmission of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transmission planetary gear of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a clutch (brake) of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a transmission path in a high gear according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 shows the transmission path in the low gear according to the invention.
Reference numerals:
1-hydraulic motor, 2-input gear, 3-planetary gear mechanism, 4-gear shaft, 5-double row planetary gear, 6-shift clutch, 7-sleeve gear shaft 8-shift brake, 9-intermediate shaft pinion, 10-intermediate shaft bull gear, 11-parking brake, 12-differential, 13-differential crown gear, 14-differential wet clutch, 15-first half shaft, 16-first driving brake, 17-second driving brake, 18-first planetary gear, 19-second planetary gear, 20-first sun gear, 21-second sun gear, 22-planet carrier, 23-planetary gear, 24-intermediate shaft, 25-clutch outer hub, 26-clutch inner hub, 27-dual plate, 28-friction plate.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. In addition, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described and thus the scope of the invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein.
1-5, A power transmission device for an agricultural machine, particularly for a 2-speed transmission, is disclosed, as is a drive device, a planetary gear mechanism 3, a gear shaft 4, a shift clutch 6, a sleeve gear shaft 7, a shift brake 8, an intermediate shaft 24, a parking brake 11, a differential 12, a differential wet clutch 14, a first axle 15, a second axle and a service brake.
The driving is connected with the planetary gear mechanism 3 and transmits power to the planetary gear mechanism 3; the planetary gear mechanism 3 and the sleeve gear shaft 7 are sleeved on the gear shaft 4; the sleeve gear shaft 7 is connected with the planetary gear mechanism 3 through the gear shifting clutch 6; the sleeve gear shaft 7 is connected with the intermediate shaft 24 and transmits power to the intermediate shaft 24; intermediate shaft 24 is connected to differential 12 to transfer power to differential 12;
the gear shifting brake 8 is arranged at one end of the gear shaft 4; the parking brake 11 is provided at one end of the intermediate shaft 24;
The differential 12 is connected to a first axle 15 by a differential wet clutch 14; the differential 12 is connected with the second half shaft; the first axle shaft 15 and the second axle shaft are each connected to a service brake.
Further, the driving device is a hydraulic motor 1; also included is an input gear 2, with which the hydraulic motor 1 is connected for transmitting power through the input gear 2 to the planetary gear mechanism 3.
Further, the service brakes comprise a first service brake 16 and a second service brake 17.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the planetary gear mechanism 3 includes a double row planetary gear 5, a planetary carrier 22, and a planetary gear 23; the double row planetary gears comprise a first planetary gear 18 and a second planetary gear 19; the first planet wheel 18 is connected with the gear shaft 4 through a first sun wheel 20, and the second planet wheel 19 is connected with the sleeve gear shaft 7 through a second sun wheel 21; the planetary gear 23 is arranged on the outer side of the planetary carrier 22, the planetary gear 23 is meshed with the input gear 2 and receives power transmitted by an output gear of the hydraulic motor 1, and a spline groove is formed on the other side of the planetary carrier and used as a mounting friction plate mounted on an inner hub of the gear shifting clutch 6;
further, the first sun gear 20 is a large sun gear; the second sun gear 21 is a small sun gear.
Furthermore, the two gears on the double-row planet gear have different reference circle diameters and different tooth numbers and have the same modulus, so that the design is beneficial to one-step processing and forming by using the same cutter; the planet carrier 22 is supported and positioned radially by cylindrical rollers on the large and small sun gears and the gear shaft 4;
Further, the gear shaft 4 is integrally forged with a first sun gear 20, and the first sun gear 20 is meshed with the first planet gear 18; one end of the gear shaft 4 is connected with the planet carrier 22 through a cylindrical roller bearing, and the other end is connected and supported with the transmission shell through a deep groove ball bearing; the tail end shaft diameter of one end of the gear shaft 4 connected with the transmission shell is provided with a friction plate spline hub, and the gear shaft 4 is connected with a gear shifting brake 8 through the friction plate spline hub;
Further, a second sun gear 21 is arranged at one end of the sleeve gear shaft 7, and the second sun gear 21 is meshed with the second planet gears 19; the two ends of the sleeve gear shaft 7 are fixedly arranged on the transmission shell through bearings; a second sun gear 21 cantilever arrangement; the sleeve gear shaft 7 is sleeved on the gear shaft 4 and is positioned between the gear shifting brake 8 and the second planet gear 19; the middle part of the sleeve gear shaft is connected with one end of a gear shifting clutch 6, when the gear shifting clutch 6 brakes, the planet carrier 3 and the sleeve gear shaft 7 work synchronously, meanwhile, a driving gear is arranged at the other end of the sleeve gear shaft 7 and meshed with a middle shaft large gear 10;
Further, the intermediate shaft 24 includes an intermediate shaft pinion 9 and an intermediate shaft bull gear 10; the intermediate shaft big gear 10 is meshed with a driving gear on the sleeve gear shaft 7, and the speed reduction ratio is a; the intermediate shaft pinion 9 is meshed with a differential crown gear 13, and the speed reduction ratio is b; the setting of jackshaft 24 has realized two-stage speed reduction, increase the speed ratio, and the both ends of jackshaft 24 are supported in the derailleur casing through tapered roller bearing, and jackshaft one end axle stretches out the derailleur casing and processes there is the spline, is connected with installation parking brake 11 through the spline, and the outer hub and the derailleur casing of parking brake 11 link firmly, installs the parking brake at the jackshaft, and when the parking braking of ramp, the swift current slope that gravity leads to is transmitted to the derailleur and is just reversing moment of torsion and all is less (because there is the speed reduction of gear pair), has reduced moment of torsion at the jackshaft installation parking brake.
Further, power is transmitted to the differential 12, which includes a differential case, a side gear, a differential crown gear and a planetary gear, and a wet clutch 14 is mounted to the differential case and the wet clutch 14 is engaged when the vehicle is in a muddy road or a bad road, functioning as a differential lock;
Referring to fig. 3, further, the gear shifting clutch 6 adopts a wet friction plate clutch structure, and comprises a clutch outer hub 25, a clutch inner hub 26, a friction plate 27, a pair of plates 28 and the like, wherein the clutch outer hub is connected with the planet carrier 3, and the clutch inner hub is fixedly connected with the middle part of the sleeve gear shaft 7 in a welding way; the friction plate is embedded in the clutch inner hub, and the dual plate is embedded in the threat outer hub;
Further, the gear shifting brake 8 adopts a wet clutch structure, the structure is the same as that of fig. 3, and the wet clutch structure comprises a brake inner hub, a brake outer hub, a pair of plates, a friction plate and the like, wherein the brake inner hub is a spline hub processed at the end part of a spline shaft, the brake outer hub is connected with a transmission shell through bolts, an inner spline of the friction plate is matched with the spline inner hub, and a spline of the pair of plates is matched with an outer spline hub;
Further, an outer hub of the parking brake 11 is connected to the transmission housing. The parking brake is connected with the intermediate shaft and the transmission shell, the transmission oil is reduced in speed and increased in torque in the initial section of the transmission line, and the torque in the initial section of the transmission line is smaller, and secondly, the parking brake mainly plays a role in temporary parking or short-time parking of a ramp, so that the safety of a vehicle braking state is ensured.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the first half shaft 15 transmits the power of the half shaft gear to the wheels on both sides, and the first half shaft 15 and the second half shaft are provided with service brakes 17, and the service brakes 17 are controlled to be engaged and disengaged through oil pressure; the service brake is a wet clutch, the power of the half shaft gear of the differential is transmitted to wheels on two sides through a first half shaft 15 and a second half shaft, and the quick connection and disconnection of the service brake are realized through oil pressure control;
Further, the power is transmitted to the differential gear 12, the differential gear crown gear 13 is engaged with the intermediate shaft pinion gear 9, the differential gear 12 includes a differential case, a side gear, a planetary gear, and the differential gear crown gear 13, and the intermediate shaft pinion gear 9 is further subjected to primary reduction with the differential gear crown gear 13.
Further, a differential wet clutch 14 is arranged between the right side half shaft gear of the differential and the differential shell, the differential wet clutch 14 comprises a brake inner hub, a brake outer hub, a dual plate, a friction plate and the like, a spline machined on the first half shaft 15 is used as the clutch inner hub, the differential shell is used as the clutch outer hub, and therefore a complete differential lock is formed, when agricultural machinery falls into a muddy road or a bad road, the wet clutch is closed, the two shafts are in the same speed, and the vehicle is helped to get rid of the trouble.
Referring to the power transmission route in the low gear of the 2-gear transmission in fig. 3, the gear shaft brake 8 is started to brake, the power from the hydraulic motor 1 is transmitted to the planetary gear mechanism 3, the first sun gear 20 is braked, the power is transmitted to the second sun gear 21 on the sleeve gear shaft 7 from the second planet gear 19, the speed ratio of the planet row is c, the further power is transmitted to the gear pair engaged with the intermediate shaft large gear 10 at the other end of the sleeve gear shaft 7, and then transmitted to the first half shaft 15 and the second half shaft through the differential 12, and the speed ratio of the whole transmission system is a;
Referring to the power transmission route of the 2-gear transmission in the high gear of fig. 4, the pneumatic gear shifting clutch 6 is engaged, the sleeve gear shaft 7 rotates at the same speed as the planetary gear mechanism 3, the planetary gear mechanism 3 cannot realize speed change as a whole, the speed change is equivalent to fixed shaft transmission, and the power of the hydraulic motor 1 is transmitted from the planetary row to the intermediate shaft big gear 10, and the transmission ratio is 1; and then power is transmitted to wheels on two sides through the intermediate shaft, the differential mechanism, the first half shaft 15 and the second half shaft, and the speed ratio of the transmission system is a.
Further, the speed reduction ratio a is smaller than the speed reduction ratio c, which is smaller than the speed reduction ratio b.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The power transmission device suitable for the agricultural machinery is characterized by comprising a driving device, a planetary gear mechanism, a gear shaft, a gear shifting clutch, a sleeve gear shaft, a gear shifting brake, an intermediate shaft, a parking brake, a differential wet clutch, a first half shaft, a second half shaft and a service brake;
the driving device is connected with the planetary gear mechanism and transmits power to the planetary gear mechanism; the planetary gear mechanism and the sleeve gear are sleeved on the gear shaft; the sleeve gear shaft is connected with the planetary gear mechanism through a gear shifting clutch; the sleeve gear shaft is connected with the intermediate shaft and transmits power to the intermediate shaft; the intermediate shaft is connected with the differential mechanism and transmits power to the differential mechanism;
the gear shifting brake is arranged at one end of the gear shaft; the parking brake is arranged at one end of the intermediate shaft;
The differential mechanism is connected with the first half shaft through one end of the differential mechanism wet clutch; the other end of the differential mechanism is connected with the second half shaft; the first half shaft and the second half shaft are respectively connected with a service brake;
the gear is integrally forged with a first sun gear; one end of the sleeve gear shaft is provided with a second sun gear;
The planetary gear mechanism comprises double rows of planetary gears, a planetary carrier and planetary gears; the double-row planetary gear comprises a first planetary gear and a second planetary gear; the first planet wheel is connected with the gear shaft through the first sun wheel, and the second planet wheel is connected with the sleeve gear shaft through the second sun wheel.
2. The power transmission device of claim 1, wherein the first sun gear is a large sun gear; the second sun gear is a small sun gear.
3. The power transmission device of claim 1, wherein the sleeve gear shaft includes a drive gear; the differential includes a differential crown gear.
4. A power transmission device according to claim 3, wherein the intermediate shaft comprises an intermediate shaft pinion and an intermediate shaft gearwheel, the intermediate shaft gearwheel meshing with a drive gearwheel on the sleeve gear shaft; the intermediate shaft pinion is meshed with the differential crown gear.
5. The power transmission device of claim 4, wherein the differential comprises a differential housing, a side gear, a differential crown gear, and a planetary gear.
6. The power transmission device according to claim 1, wherein a reduction gear ratio between the counter shaft large gear and the sleeve gear shaft is smaller than a reduction gear ratio between the counter shaft small gear and the differential.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410166571.6A CN117704014B (en) | 2024-02-06 | 2024-02-06 | Power transmission device suitable for agricultural machinery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410166571.6A CN117704014B (en) | 2024-02-06 | 2024-02-06 | Power transmission device suitable for agricultural machinery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117704014A CN117704014A (en) | 2024-03-15 |
| CN117704014B true CN117704014B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202410166571.6A Active CN117704014B (en) | 2024-02-06 | 2024-02-06 | Power transmission device suitable for agricultural machinery |
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Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN111306262A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-19 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Four-gear speed change mechanism |
| CN111376700A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-07 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Hybrid power coupling system and vehicle |
| CN112128324A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-25 | 吉林大学 | In-wheel two-gear automatic transmission and power-interruption-free gear shifting control method |
| DE102020202652A1 (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2021-09-02 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Motor vehicle |
| CN214838192U (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-11-23 | 中南大学 | Speed change mechanism for high-speed and low-speed two-gear transmission |
| CN114992307A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-02 | 福建中青传动科技有限公司 | Transmission with controllable multi-state overrunning clutch |
| CN116518045A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-08-01 | 陕西法士特汽车传动集团有限责任公司 | Harvester drive system based on four-gear transmission |
| CN116985628A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-11-03 | 陕西法士特汽车传动集团有限责任公司 | Tractor rear drive axle assembly and tractor |
-
2024
- 2024-02-06 CN CN202410166571.6A patent/CN117704014B/en active Active
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102673395A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-09-19 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Four-wheel drive system of automobile |
| CN204403295U (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-06-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Pure electric automobile two-shift automatic speed variator |
| CN209240866U (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-08-13 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Hybrid power coupled system and vehicle |
| CN111376700A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-07 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Hybrid power coupling system and vehicle |
| DE102020202652A1 (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2021-09-02 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Motor vehicle |
| CN111306262A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-19 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Four-gear speed change mechanism |
| CN112128324A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-25 | 吉林大学 | In-wheel two-gear automatic transmission and power-interruption-free gear shifting control method |
| CN214838192U (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-11-23 | 中南大学 | Speed change mechanism for high-speed and low-speed two-gear transmission |
| CN114992307A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-02 | 福建中青传动科技有限公司 | Transmission with controllable multi-state overrunning clutch |
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| CN116518045A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-08-01 | 陕西法士特汽车传动集团有限责任公司 | Harvester drive system based on four-gear transmission |
| CN116985628A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-11-03 | 陕西法士特汽车传动集团有限责任公司 | Tractor rear drive axle assembly and tractor |
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| CN117704014A (en) | 2024-03-15 |
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