CN117682795A - Mineral casting and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Mineral casting and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117682795A CN117682795A CN202311577628.3A CN202311577628A CN117682795A CN 117682795 A CN117682795 A CN 117682795A CN 202311577628 A CN202311577628 A CN 202311577628A CN 117682795 A CN117682795 A CN 117682795A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mineral casting and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of mineral casting. The isotropic negative thermal expansion material is embedded in the mineral casting. According to the invention, the isotropic negative thermal expansion material is embedded in the mineral casting, so that the thermal expansion coefficient of the mineral casting is reduced, the manufacturing precision is improved, the obtained mineral casting is good in isotropy and uniform in deformation in all directions, and the isotropic negative thermal expansion material has wide application in machine tool manufacturing, construction or transportation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral casting, and particularly relates to a mineral casting, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Among five key technologies of the high-speed numerical control machine tool, the numerical control machine tool comprises a structural design, a high-speed motorized spindle, a feeding mechanism, a control system and a safety protection system, wherein the high-speed numerical control machine tool has the remarkable characteristics of good dynamic characteristics, and needs to be matched with the high-machining precision and the high-speed cutting of the high-speed numerical control machine tool, and the requirements of high precision, high rigidity, low inertia, low friction, high resonant frequency, proper damping ratio and the like are provided for the structural design of the local part of the machine tool body. In order to improve the structural rigidity and vibration resistance of the machine tool and reduce the thermal deformation of the machine tool, the machine tool body is basically welded by adopting structural members, and cast iron materials (comprising Mi Han cast iron), natural granite or mineral castings and the like are used as basic members of the machine tool body.
The cast iron has good fluidity, small volume shrinkage and wire shrinkage, easy obtaining of castings with complex shapes, high wear resistance by adding a small amount of alloy elements in the casting process, high internal friction and damping effect, good dynamic rigidity, and is a machine tool body material which is applied to high-speed high-precision numerical control machine tools in a large quantity, because the cast iron has high casting temperature, the cast iron can generate great shrinkage deformation when being solidified, the precision after demolding is about 1-3 mm/m, the flatness is required to be within 0.01mm/m, and the use requirement can be met after repeated stress relief, milling and grinding processing of a foundry. The natural granite has the advantages of stable structure, almost no deformation, simple processing, high and stable precision, insensitivity to temperature, small heat conductivity coefficient and expansion coefficient, good non-electric conduction, non-magnetic property and vibration absorption, no rust, corrosion resistance, convenient use and maintenance and low cost due to the natural aging for hundreds of millions of years.
Along with rapid development of economy and excessive exploitation and use of resources, the high-speed high-precision numerical control machine tool needs to consider the influence of the life cycle of the product on the environment, furthest utilizes raw materials and energy sources, reduces the emissions of harmful wastes, solids, liquids and gases, improves the operation safety and eliminates the pollution to the environment. As the mineral casting is cast at normal temperature, compared with the traditional cast iron, the mineral casting has the advantages of large damping coefficient, strong vibration resistance, good thermal stability, short production period, flexible design and manufacture, low cost, ecological environmental protection, recycling and the like, and gradually replaces cast iron and natural granite to become a basic part of a precision machine tool.
In general, the length of the beam of the high-speed high-precision numerical control machine tool is about 4 meters, the typical dimensions are 4 meters in length, 0.5 meter in width and 0.5 meter in height, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the mineral casting is 11.5-14 multiplied by 10 in the use process of the mineral casting - 6 K -1 4.61×10 relative to natural granite -6 K -1 Under the condition of the same temperature change, the precision change of the mineral castings is larger, and the precision requirement of the high-speed high-precision numerical control machine tool cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a mineral casting which has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, high manufacturing accuracy, and good isotropy and uniform deformation in all directions.
The second object of the invention is to provide a method for preparing the mineral casting.
The invention further aims to provide an application of the mineral casting in preparing a machine tool.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a first aspect of the invention provides a mineral casting in which an isotropic negative thermal expansion material is embedded.
Negative thermal expansion (Negative thermal expansion, NTE for short) materials refer to a class of compounds that have a negative average linear or bulk coefficient of expansion over a range of temperatures. The negative thermal expansion material can be compounded with a common positive thermal expansion material to prepare a controllable thermal expansion coefficient or zero expansion material. The negative thermal expansion material may be classified into an anisotropic negative thermal expansion material and an isotropic negative thermal expansion material according to the negative thermal expansion property of the material. Isotropic negative thermal expansion material refers to a material in which the crystal contracts in all 3 axial directions with an increase in temperature, and the contraction coefficients are the same. Isotropy of the thermal expansion properties requires that the compound has an isotropic structure, i.e. has cubic symmetry.
According to the invention, the isotropic negative thermal expansion material is embedded in the mineral casting, so that the linear expansion coefficient of the mineral casting can be effectively reduced, excessive deformation of the mineral casting due to thermal expansion and cold contraction is balanced, in addition, the isotropy of the mineral casting can be improved, the deformation of the mineral casting in all directions is uniform, and therefore, the problem of excessive deformation of the mineral casting under the condition of temperature change is effectively solved, and the casting precision of the mineral casting is improved.
Preferably, in the mineral casting, the isotropic negative thermal expansion material comprises ZrW 2 O 8 、ZrP 2 O 7 、ZrV 2 O 7 Or Y 2 W 3 O 12 At least one of (a) and (b); further preferably, in the mineral casting, the isotropic negative thermal expansion material comprises ZrW 2 O 8 、ZrP 2 O 7 Or ZrV 2 O 7 At least one of (a) and (b); still further preferably, in the mineral casting, the isotropic negative thermal expansion material is selected from ZrW 2 O 8 。
ZrW 2 O 8 Has a large negative expansion coefficient (-8.9X10) in a wide temperature range (0.3-1050K) -6 K -1 ). In a specific embodiment of the present invention, zrW is used 2 O 8 As isotropic negative thermal expansion material, it is embedded in mineral casting, and can effectively reduce linear expansion coefficient of mineral, and control it to 2×10 -6 K -1 Within 4.61×10 better than the current natural granite -6 K -1 The linear expansion coefficient of the numerical control machine tool reaches the stable use requirement of the high-speed high-precision numerical control machine tool.
Preferably, the isotropic negative thermal expansion material is homogeneously dispersed embedded in the mineral casting.
Preferably, the number of embedment sites in the mineral casting is from 5 to 12; more preferably 6 to 10; more preferably 7 to 9.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the embedment sites are uniformly dispersed throughout the mineral casting. As in the specific embodiment of the present invention, the mineral casting is in the shape of a cuboid, and the embedding sites are equidistantly distributed along the length direction of the mineral casting. If the mineral casting is of other shapes, embedding sites are required to be arranged according to the actual shape, so that the isotropic negative thermal expansion material is uniformly dispersed and embedded in the mineral casting.
The isotropic negative thermal expansion material is uniformly dispersed and embedded in the mineral casting, so that the performance of each part of the mineral casting is more uniform, the possibility of larger local deformation of the casting due to temperature change is reduced, and the casting precision of the casting is improved.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mineral casting has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 1X 10 -6 ～2×10 -6 K -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In a more specific embodiment of the present invention, the mineral casting has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.2X10 -6 ～1.9×10 -6 K -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In an embodiment of the invention, the mineral casting has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.4X10 -6 ～1.8×10 -6 K -1 。
Preferably, a mould cavity is provided in the mineral casting.
According to the invention, a reasonable cavity is arranged in the mineral casting by a topological optimization method, so that the quality of the mineral casting is reduced, and the specific strength of the mineral casting is improved; the mineral castings provided with cavities of the present invention have lower densities and higher specific strengths than mineral casting structures that generally do not have cavities.
In the present invention, the arrangement of the cavity is not particularly limited, since it is required to flexibly design the cavity according to the shape of the workpiece.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the mineral casting provided with the mould cavity has a specific stiffness of 1.55X10 7 ～2×10 7 N.m/kg; in a more specific embodiment of the invention, the mineral casting provided with the mould cavity has a specific stiffness of 1.6X10 7 ～1.8×10 7 N.m/kg; in a particular embodiment of the invention, the mineral casting provided with the mould cavity has a specific stiffness of 1.62×10 7 ～1.7×10 7 N·m/kg。
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the mineral castings comprise the following preparation raw materials: an aggregate system and a resin system; the aggregate system comprises coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and filler; the resin system includes an organic resin, a curing agent, a diluent, and a toughening agent.
Further, in the aggregate system, the coarse aggregate includes at least one of granite, cobblestone, or limestone. The invention can adopt broken stone such as granite, cobble or limestone as coarse aggregate, and can also adopt other broken stone, which is only an example and is not limited by the material of the coarse aggregate. It is also understood that the specific types of fine aggregate, filler, organic resin, curing agent, diluent and toughening agent described below are also examples, and are not intended to be limiting in any way.
Further, in the aggregate system, the fine aggregate includes silica sand, river sand, or a combination thereof.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate have a water content of less than 0.5wt%. The coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate should be sufficiently dried.
Further, in the aggregate system, the filler comprises at least one of quartz powder, mica powder, calcium carbonate powder or talcum powder.
By adding the filler into the mineral casting, the resin consumption can be reduced, the cost can be lowered, and the physical and mechanical properties of the mineral casting can be improved.
Further, in the resin system, the organic resin includes at least one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, or polyester resin; in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the organic resin is selected from epoxy resins; further bisphenol A type epoxy resin.
Further, in the resin system, the curing agent is selected from fatty amine curing agents; in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the curing agent comprises at least one of ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine or triethylenetetramine; in a specific embodiment of the invention, the curing agent is selected from ethylenediamine.
The addition of the curing agent can convert the original thermoplastic material with linear structure into the thermosetting material with body structure.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the resin system, the diluent includes an organic solvent such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, benzene or toluene; in a specific embodiment of the invention, the diluent is selected from acetone.
In the resin system, the diluent mainly plays roles of reducing the viscosity of the organic resin and enhancing the permeability of the organic resin, and meanwhile, the binder coating property of the aggregate can be obviously improved, and the heat discharge in the curing reaction can be effectively controlled. The corresponding effect of reasonable diluent dosage is more remarkable.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the resin system, the toughening agent is selected from rubber-based toughening agents; in a specific embodiment of the invention, the toughening agent is selected from ethylene propylene rubbers.
In the resin system, the toughening agent can improve the toughness of the product after the organic resin is cured, reduce the heat discharge of the curing reaction and reduce the shrinkage rate of the material. The corresponding effect of the reasonable dosage of the toughening agent is more obvious.
Further, the raw materials for preparing the mineral castings also comprise a reinforcing system. The strength and other properties of the mineral castings are further improved by the reinforcing system.
In specific embodiments of the present invention, the enhancement system may be optionally added or not added according to actual needs. The addition of the strengthening system can strengthen the mineral castings.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcement system comprises at least one of steel fibers, glass fibers or carbon fibers; in a specific embodiment of the invention, the reinforcement system is selected from glass fibers.
A second aspect of the invention provides a method of preparing a mineral casting according to the first aspect of the invention, comprising the steps of: pouring a preparation raw material of the mineral casting into a mould, burying the isotropic negative thermal expansion material into the preparation raw material, and solidifying to obtain the mineral casting.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the casting is performed at room temperature; the room temperature is 20-30 ℃; further, the temperature is 24 to 26 ℃.
A third aspect of the invention provides the use of a mineral casting according to the first aspect of the invention in machine tool manufacture, construction or transportation.
Preferably, the machine tool is a numerically controlled machine tool; further preferably, the numerical control machine tool is a high-speed high-precision numerical control machine tool.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the isotropic negative thermal expansion material is embedded in the mineral casting, so that the thermal expansion coefficient of the mineral casting is reduced, the manufacturing precision is improved, the obtained mineral casting is good in isotropy and uniform in deformation in all directions, and the isotropic negative thermal expansion material has wide application in machine tool manufacturing, construction or transportation.
Specifically, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts the specific isotropic negative thermal expansion material, combines the specific isotropic negative thermal expansion material embedding quality and the specific isotropic negative thermal expansion material embedding site quantity to ensure that the isotropic negative thermal expansion material is uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the mineral casting, thereby greatly reducing the linear expansion coefficient of the mineral casting and reducing the linear expansion coefficient of the mineral casting to 2 multiplied by 10 at the lowest -6 K -1 Within 4.61×10 better than the current natural granite -6 K -1 The linear expansion coefficient of the steel plate reaches the stable use requirement of a machine tool, in particular a high-speed high-precision numerical control machine tool.
2. The invention also sets a reasonable cavity in the mineral casting by a topological optimization method, thereby reducing the quality of the mineral casting and improving the specific strength of the mineral casting; the mineral castings provided with cavities of the present invention have lower densities and higher specific strengths than mineral casting structures that generally do not have cavities.
3. The mineral casting adopts a normal-temperature cold casting process, and generally utilizes the heat generated in the self chemical reaction process to react in the process of producing the mineral casting, so that the extra energy consumption is not increased, and compared with an iron casting, the energy consumption of the mineral casting in the production process can be saved by about 30 percent. The method is more environment-friendly, and the mineral castings can be completely recycled, so that the mineral castings can be used as building raw materials or road construction materials and the like, the influence on the environment is reduced, raw materials and energy sources are utilized to the greatest extent, the emissions of harmful wastes, solids, liquids and gases are reduced, the operation safety is improved, and the pollution to the environment is reduced. The mineral casting provided by the invention has wide application in machine tool manufacture, construction or transportation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the composition of raw materials for preparing a mineral casting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a partially prepared starting material for a mineral casting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows a vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows a steel casting mold coated with a barrier paint according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a physical view of a mineral casting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 shows a profile structure 1 of a mineral casting according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 shows a cavity structure 1 of a mineral casting according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 shows the profile structure 2 of a mineral casting according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 shows a cavity structure 2 of a mineral casting according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the structure of a mineral casting obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a structural view of a mineral casting obtained in comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. It is also to be understood that the following examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention, since various modifications and adaptations may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the teachings herein. The specific process parameters and the like described below are also merely examples of suitable ranges, i.e., one skilled in the art can make a selection within the suitable ranges by the description herein and are not intended to be limited to the specific data described below. The starting materials, reagents or apparatus used in the following examples and comparative examples were obtained from conventional commercial sources or by known methods unless otherwise specified.
Wherein, zrW used in the embodiment of the invention 2 O 8 Purchased from Shanghai kappaphycus alvarezii, inc.
Compared with cast iron and natural granite, the mineral casting has the advantages of large damping coefficient, strong vibration resistance, good thermal stability, short production period, flexible design and manufacture, low cost, ecological environmental protection, recycling and the like, and gradually replaces cast iron and natural granite to become a basic part of a precision machine tool. The mechanical properties of cast iron, mineral castings, and natural granite are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 mechanical Property parameters of cast iron, mineral cast, natural granite
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the raw materials for preparing the mineral casting comprise an aggregate system, a resin system and a reinforcing system, wherein the aggregate system comprises coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and filler, and the resin system comprises organic resin, a curing agent, a diluent and a toughening agent.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the aggregate system, the coarse aggregate includes at least one of granite, cobble, or limestone; in a specific embodiment of the invention, the coarse aggregate is selected from granite.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the aggregate system, the fine aggregate includes silica sand, river sand, or a combination thereof; in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the fine aggregate is selected from silica sand.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate have a water content of less than 0.5wt%.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the aggregate system, the filler includes at least one of quartz powder, mica powder, calcium carbonate powder or talc powder; in a specific embodiment of the invention, the filler is selected from quartz powder.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the resin system, the organic resin includes at least one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, or polyester resin; in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the organic resin is selected from bisphenol a type epoxy resins, the degree of polymerization n is 0 to 2, and the ignition point is less than 50 ℃.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the resin system, the curing agent includes aliphatic amine curing agents such as ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine or triethylenetetramine; in a specific embodiment of the invention, the curing agent is selected from ethylenediamine.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the resin system, the diluent includes an organic solvent such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, benzene or toluene; in a specific embodiment of the invention, the diluent is selected from acetone.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the resin system, the toughening agent is selected from rubber-based toughening agents; in a specific embodiment of the invention, the toughening agent is selected from ethylene propylene rubbers.
In specific embodiments of the present invention, the enhancement system may be optionally added or not added according to actual needs. The addition of the strengthening system can strengthen the mineral castings.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcement system comprises at least one of steel fibers, glass fibers or carbon fibers; in a specific embodiment of the invention, the reinforcement system is selected from glass fibers.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the method of making a mineral casting comprises the steps of: pouring a preparation raw material of the mineral casting into a mould, burying the isotropic negative thermal expansion material into the preparation raw material, and solidifying to obtain the mineral casting.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the casting is performed at room temperature; the room temperature is 20-30 ℃; further, the temperature is 24 to 26 ℃.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the method of making a mineral casting comprises the steps of:
(1) The preparation raw materials are added into a mixing and batching device, part of the preparation raw materials are shown in fig. 2, an aggregate system is concentrated after being filtered by precise dimension, a resin system and a hardening agent are mixed into precise dosage, and quenching is carried out in a vibrating machine shown in fig. 3, so that a casting mixture is obtained.
(2) And (4) spraying isolation paint on the steel casting mold to obtain the steel casting mold sprayed with the isolation paint as shown in fig. 4. The isolating paint is used as the primer of the workpiece, and after reasonable vibration and solidification, the casting can be directly molded after demolding.
(3) Filling the casting mixture obtained in the step (1) into a steel casting mold sprayed with isolating paint, embedding an isotropic negative thermal expansion material into the mold, and directly forming the cast after demolding through reasonable vibration and solidification to obtain the mineral cast shown in fig. 5. The number of embedded sites in the mineral casting is 5 to 12.
The steel casting mold can be used for casting various equipment parts, precision parts and connecting parts, such as various cooling water guide pipes, air pressure and hydraulic guide pipes, electric pipelines, even parts such as guide rails, bolt parts, guide plates, seat plates, load hook elements and the like.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mineral casting has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 1X 10 -6 ～2×10 -6 K -1 。
In a specific embodiment of the invention, a cavity is provided in the mineral casting.
The mode of setting the cavity of the present invention is not particularly limited, since it is required to flexibly design the cavity according to the shape of the workpiece.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the mold cavity may be provided as shown in fig. 6 to 9. Fig. 6 shows a profile structure 1 of a mineral casting, and fig. 7 shows a cavity structure 1 of the mineral casting shown in fig. 6; fig. 8 shows a profile structure 2 of a mineral casting, and fig. 9 shows a cavity structure 2 of the mineral casting shown in fig. 8.
Example 1
This example provides a mineAn isotropic negative thermal expansion material ZrW embedded in the mineral casting 2 O 8 。
The mineral casting is prepared from the following raw materials: an aggregate system comprising coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and filler; a resin system comprising an organic resin, a curing agent, a diluent, and a toughening agent; enhancing the system.
The preparation method of the mineral casting comprises the following steps:
(1) The preparation raw materials are added into mixing and batching equipment, the aggregate system is concentrated after being filtered by precise dimension, and is mixed with the resin system and the hardening agent which are precisely dosed, and the mixture is quenched in a vibrating machine to obtain the casting mixture.
(2) And spraying isolation paint on the steel casting mold to obtain the ready steel casting mold. The isolating paint is used as the primer of the workpiece, and after reasonable vibration and solidification, the casting can be directly molded after demolding. The mould cavity of this example is cuboid structure, and the size is: 4 m in length, 0.5 m in width and 0.5 m in height.
(3) Filling the casting mixture of step (1) into a ready steel casting mold and filling ZrW 2 O 8 Embedded in a mould, and after reasonable vibration and solidification, the cast is directly molded after demoulding, and the mineral cast shown in figure 10 is obtained. The number of embedment sites in the mineral casting was 8.
Example 2
Compared with the embodiment 1, the mineral casting provided by the embodiment is different in that a cavity is further arranged in the mineral casting, and the structure of the cavity is a block-shaped hollowed-out structure as shown in fig. 9.
Comparative example 1
The present example provides a mineral casting differing from example 1 in that the isotropic negative thermal expansion material is not embedded in the mineral casting of the present example. The mineral casting of comparative example 1 is shown in fig. 11.
Comparative example 2
The mineral casting according to this example is different from comparative example 1 in that no cavity is provided in the mineral casting according to this example.
Performance testing
(1) The density, specific stiffness of the mineral castings were measured.
(2) The linear expansion coefficient of the mineral castings was measured.
(3) Measuring deformation of the mineral casting in the direction of X, Y, Z; as shown in fig. 10, the direction X, Y, Z is the X direction in the longitudinal direction, the Y direction in the width direction, and the Z direction in the height direction of the mineral cast.
The deformation amounts in the X, Y, Z direction of example 1 and comparative example 1 are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 deformation in X, Y, Z direction for example 1 and comparative example 1
| X direction (mum) | Y direction (mum) | Z direction (mum) | |
| Example 1 | 2.1 | 3.3 | 5.5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 9.1 | 8.1 | 17.3 |
As is clear from Table 2, in example 1, the isotropic negative thermal expansion material was embedded in the mineral casting, and the deformation amount of the obtained mineral casting in the X, Y, Z direction was relatively close to that of comparative example 1, and the properties in each direction were relatively uniform and the isotropy was good.
In addition, the mineral castings obtained in example 1 had a linear expansion coefficient of 2X 10 -6 K -1 Within the inner part.
The densities and specific rigidities of example 2 and comparative example 2 are shown in table 3.
Table 2 density and specific stiffness of example 2 and comparative example 2
| Density (kg/m) 3 ) | Specific stiffness (N.m/kg) | |
| Example 2 | 2450 | 16326531 |
| Comparative example 2 | 2825 | 15068493 |
As can be seen from table 3, example 2 provides a cavity in a mineral casting with a lower progressive density of the resulting mineral and a higher specific stiffness than comparative example 2 without a cavity.
According to the invention, the isotropic negative thermal expansion material is embedded in the mineral casting, so that the thermal expansion coefficient of the mineral casting is reduced, the manufacturing precision is improved, the obtained mineral casting is good in isotropy and uniform in deformation in all directions, and the isotropic negative thermal expansion material has wide application in machine tool manufacturing, construction or transportation.
The invention adopts the specific isotropic negative thermal expansion material, combines the specific isotropic negative thermal expansion material embedding quality and the specific isotropic negative thermal expansion material embedding site quantity to ensure that the isotropic negative thermal expansion material is uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the mineral casting, thereby greatly reducing the linear expansion coefficient of the mineral casting and reducing the linear expansion coefficient of the mineral casting to 2 multiplied by 10 at the lowest -6 K -1 Within 4.61×10 better than the current natural granite -6 K -1 The linear expansion coefficient of the steel plate reaches the stable use requirement of a machine tool, in particular a high-speed high-precision numerical control machine tool.
The invention also sets a reasonable cavity in the mineral casting by a topological optimization method, thereby reducing the quality of the mineral casting and improving the specific strength of the mineral casting; the mineral castings provided with cavities of the present invention have lower densities and higher specific strengths than mineral casting structures that generally do not have cavities.
The mineral casting adopts a normal-temperature cold casting process, and generally utilizes the heat generated in the self chemical reaction process to react in the process of producing the mineral casting, so that the extra energy consumption is not increased, and compared with an iron casting, the energy consumption of the mineral casting in the production process can be saved by about 30 percent. The method is more environment-friendly, and the mineral castings can be completely recycled, so that the mineral castings can be used as building raw materials or road construction materials and the like, the influence on the environment is reduced, raw materials and energy sources are utilized to the greatest extent, the emissions of harmful wastes, solids, liquids and gases are reduced, the operation safety is improved, and the pollution to the environment is reduced. The mineral casting provided by the invention has wide application in machine tool manufacture, construction or transportation.
Claims (10)
1. A mineral casting, wherein an isotropic negative thermal expansion material is embedded in the mineral casting.
2. The mineral casting of claim 1, wherein the isotropic negative thermal expansion material comprises ZrW 2 O 8 、ZrP 2 O 7 、ZrV 2 O 7 Or Y 2 W 3 O 12 At least one of them.
3. The mineral casting of claim 2, wherein the isotropic negative thermal expansion material is selected from ZrW 2 O 8 。
4. The mineral casting of claim 1, wherein the isotropic negative thermal expansion material is dispersed embedded in the mineral casting with a number of embedded sites in the mineral casting ranging from 5 to 12.
5. The mineral casting of claim 1, wherein the mineral casting has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 1 x 10 -6 ～2×10 -6 K -1 。
6. The mineral casting of claim 1, wherein a cavity is provided in the mineral casting.
7. The mineral casting of claim 1, wherein the mineral casting has a specific stiffness of 1.55 x 10 7 ～2×10 7 N·m/kg。
8. The mineral casting of claim 1, wherein the mineral casting comprises the following preparation materials: an aggregate system and a resin system; the aggregate system comprises coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and filler; the resin system includes an organic resin, a curing agent, a diluent, and a toughening agent.
9. A method of producing a mineral casting as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of: pouring a preparation raw material of the mineral casting into a mould, burying the isotropic negative thermal expansion material into the preparation raw material, and solidifying to obtain the mineral casting.
10. Use of a mineral casting according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in machine tool manufacture, construction or transportation.
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