CN117665970A - Atmospheric refractive index acquisition method and system based on GRIB2 data - Google Patents
Atmospheric refractive index acquisition method and system based on GRIB2 data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an atmospheric refractive index acquisition method and system based on GRIB2 data, wherein the method comprises the following steps: cutting GRIB2 data by taking a service application position as a center; extracting meteorological data on different isobaric surfaces on each grid point from the cut data; calculating the geometric height of the isobaric surface according to the position of the service application center and potential height data corresponding to each isobaric surface; linearly interpolating according to weather data of upper and lower different geometric heights to obtain a change function of the weather data along with the height or weather data at any height between the two heights; calculating the water vapor pressure according to the relative humidity at each height; the atmospheric refractive index was calculated. The method solves the technical problems of low refractive index acquisition precision, low detection efficiency and poor adaptability to different scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of meteorological detection, in particular to an atmospheric refractive index acquisition method and system based on GRIB2 data.
Background
The atmospheric refractive index can change the propagation path of electromagnetic waves, so that the radar detection and the microwave communication are greatly influenced, and the atmospheric refractive error is required to be corrected in order to improve the related service precision, so that the measurement research of the atmospheric refractive index is also widely focused. In the troposphere, one of the key factors determining the accuracy of correction of atmospheric refractive errors is the atmospheric refractive index profile as a function of height. In the atmospheric refraction correction, the commonly used methods for obtaining the atmospheric refractive index include a direct detection method, a mode method, and the like. The direct detection method is to directly detect meteorological data such as air temperature, air pressure, humidity and the like in the vertical direction of the atmosphere by using a sounding balloon carrying a sounding instrument, and directly calculate and acquire the refractive index of the atmosphere; the model method is to obtain an empirical mathematical model of the refractive index of the substitute atmosphere by a statistical means according to historical meteorological data. Among various methods, the mode method has been studied in recent years, such as the literature "national atmospheric refractive index profile prediction method, electro-optic and control, volume 18, phase 7", "a new atmospheric refractive index profile model construction method, intense laser and particle beam, volume 27, phase 10", and so on, and the like, and for example, the prior patent application publication "a method for obtaining an atmospheric refractive index height distribution profile based on multi-wavelength measurement" of the present invention patent application publication No. CN111044489a includes: tracking a preset fixed star under different wavelengths by using photoelectric external measurement equipment, and outputting and recording angle measurement data of a measurement system; acquiring fixed system accurate ephemeris data of fixed system of fixed star in the same time period; converting fixed system accurate ephemeris data of the fixed star into theoretical measurement metadata of a measurement system of the external measurement equipment; taking the mode parameters of the Hopfield model with the atmospheric refractive index highly distributed as the unknown number to be estimated, and establishing a mode parameter equation set to be estimated; solving a mode parameter equation set to be estimated to obtain a numerical solution of the mode parameter; substituting the solved mode parameters into the model to obtain the atmospheric refractive index height distribution profile. The prior proposal is simpler, but has lower precision and is relatively limited in improving the service application precision; the direct detection method has highest precision, and researches on the direct detection method are mainly focused on high interpolation of atmospheric refractive indexes, such as research on a high-precision atmospheric refractive index interpolation method in literature, electro-optic and control, 7 th period in 2019, and the existing patent application document of the invention with publication number of CN108898252A, namely a national troposphere atmospheric refractive index profile prediction method, wherein a national troposphere atmospheric refractive index profile prediction database established by the method comprises the following two aspects: firstly, dividing grids of the national atmosphere environment according to certain longitude and latitude intervals to obtain longitude and latitude information of each grid; and secondly, the relation coefficient between the atmospheric segmented section model coefficient G, C of each month in each grid and the ground refractive index N0. The method for establishing the prediction database of the national troposphere atmospheric refractive index profile mainly comprises the following steps: analyzing the change characteristics of the national atmosphere refractive index, geographical grid division, processing basic detection data, calculating atmospheric segmentation model parameters, outlier processing, sorting effective data, radial basis function interpolation, data statistics and establishing a database. However, since the existing method relies on actually measured high-altitude meteorological detection data, and is limited by the meteorological data acquisition period and the service application scene, it is often difficult to quickly and accurately acquire the atmospheric refractive index of the service application region by using a direct detection method in service application.
In conclusion, the prior art has the technical problems of low refractive index acquisition precision, low detection efficiency and poor adaptability to different scenes.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to solve the technical problems of low refractive index acquisition precision, low detection efficiency and poor adaptability to different scenes in the prior art.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems: the atmospheric refractive index acquisition method based on GRIB2 data comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring GRIB2 data, and cutting the GRIB2 data by taking a preset service application position as a center to obtain cut data and a preset number of grid points;
s2, extracting different isobaric surface meteorological data on each grid point from the cutting data;
s3, acquiring potential height bases corresponding to all the isobaric surfaces according to weather data of different isobaric surfaces, and processing to obtain geometric heights of the isobaric surfaces according to service application positions and the potential height data;
s4, acquiring first altitude meteorological data and second altitude meteorological data according to geometric height of the isobaric surface, and performing linear interpolation operation according to the first altitude meteorological data and the second altitude meteorological data to obtain differential altitude meteorological data, wherein weather change relation data comprise: weather data between the first geometrical height and the second aggregate height as a function of the change in weather data with height;
s5, acquiring differential height humidity from differential height meteorological data, and solving the water vapor pressure according to each differential height humidity;
s6, according to the water vapor pressure, the atmospheric refractive index is obtained through preset logic processing.
The invention rapidly and accurately acquires the atmospheric refractive index of each height on the vertical profile of the service application position based on GRIB2 numerical forecast product data developed by the International meteorological organization, and meets the correction requirement of the radar detection, microwave communication and other service fields on the atmospheric refractive index. The invention provides a method for obtaining the atmospheric refractive index by utilizing a GRIB2 (General Regularly-distributed Information in Binary form V2.0 binary general rule distribution information second edition) format numerical weather forecast product, which can not only ensure the data obtaining precision, but also solve the problems of timeliness of weather data obtaining and difficult guarantee of a direct detection method.
In a more specific embodiment, in step S1, a wgrib2 tool is used to perform a cutting operation on the GRIB2 data.
In a more specific technical solution, step S2 includes: the different isobaric face meteorological data at each grid point includes: the weather data on the different isobars at each grid point includes, but is not limited to: potential height, air temperature and relative humidity data.
In a more specific technical solution, step S3 includes:
s31, calculating an earth radius calibration value and a gravity acceleration of a specific latitude by using preset logic;
s32, calibrating values according to the earth radius and gravitational acceleration.
In a more specific embodiment, in step S31, the earth radius calibration value and the gravitational acceleration of the specific latitude are obtained by using the following logic:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for measuring the geographical latitude of the station, the units are °,>for latitude->The earth radius calibration value at the position, the unit is m,for latitude->Gravitational acceleration at sea level in m/s 2 ，g n = 9.80065 is the standard gravitational acceleration (m/s 2 )。
In a more specific embodiment, in step S32, the potential height data is converted into the isobaric surface geometry height:
in the formula, h i Is potential height, in gpm (potential meters), Z i The unit is m, which is the geometrical height corresponding to the potential height.
In a more specific embodiment, in step S4, weather elements of any height are determined using the following logic:
wherein y is i To interpolate to meteorological element value of arbitrary height, h i For a given arbitrary height, y i+1 、y i-1 Respectively the meteorological element values of the adjacent layers at any given height, h i-1 、h i+1 The heights of adjacent layers are respectively above and below a given arbitrary height.
In a more specific technical solution, step S5 includes:
s51, obtaining the saturated water vapor pressure of the pure water level corresponding to the temperature at a specific height;
s52, according to the saturated water vapor pressure of the pure water level, the water vapor pressure is obtained by utilizing the following logic:
e＝U×E w /100
wherein U is the relative humidity (%) at each height, E w The water vapor pressure is saturated for the pure water level corresponding to the temperature T at the height.
In a more specific embodiment, in step S51, the pure water level saturated water vapor pressure corresponding to a specific temperature at a specific height is obtained by using the following logic:
wherein T is 1 =373.16, t is the temperature at each corresponding height.
In a more specific embodiment, in step S6, the atmospheric refractive index is obtained by the following logic processing:
wherein T is air temperature, P is air pressure, the unit is hPa, and e is water vapor pressure.
In a more specific aspect, an atmospheric refractive index acquisition system based on GRIB2 data includes:
the data cutting module is used for obtaining GRIB2 data, and cutting the GRIB2 data by taking a preset service application position as a center to obtain cutting data and a preset number of grid points;
the differential isobaric surface weather acquisition module is used for extracting different isobaric surface weather data on each grid point from the cutting data, and is connected with the data cutting module;
the geometrical height processing module is used for acquiring potential height basis corresponding to each isobaric surface according to weather data of different isobaric surfaces, processing the potential height basis according to service application positions and the potential height data to obtain geometrical height of the isobaric surfaces, and the geometrical height processing module is connected with the weather acquisition module of the different isobaric surfaces;
the differential altitude weather acquisition module is used for acquiring first altitude weather data and second altitude weather data according to the geometric altitude of the isobaric surface, and performing linear interpolation operation according to the first altitude weather data and the second altitude weather data to obtain differential altitude weather data, wherein weather change relation data comprises: the weather data change function along with the height, the weather data between the first geometrical height and the second aggregate height, and the difference height weather acquisition module is connected with the geometrical height processing module;
the water vapor pressure acquisition module is used for acquiring the differential height humidity from the differential height weather data, and acquiring water vapor pressure according to each differential height humidity, and is connected with the differential height weather acquisition module;
the atmospheric refractive index obtaining module is used for obtaining the atmospheric refractive index through preset logic processing according to the water vapor pressure, and the atmospheric refractive index obtaining module is connected with the water vapor pressure obtaining module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the invention rapidly and accurately acquires the atmospheric refractive index of each height on the vertical profile of the service application position based on GRIB2 numerical forecast product data developed by the International meteorological organization, and meets the correction requirement of the radar detection, microwave communication and other service fields on the atmospheric refractive index. The invention provides a method for obtaining the atmospheric refractive index by utilizing a GRIB2 (General Regularly-distributed Information in Binary form V2.0 binary general rule distribution information second edition) format numerical weather forecast product, which can not only ensure the data obtaining precision, but also solve the problems of timeliness of weather data obtaining and difficult guarantee of a direct detection method. The method solves the technical problems of low refractive index acquisition precision, low detection efficiency and poor difference scene applicability in the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the basic steps of an atmospheric refractive index acquisition method based on GRIB2 data according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an atmospheric refractive index acquisition method based on GRIB2 data according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the method for obtaining the atmospheric refractive index based on the GRIB2 data provided by the invention comprises the following basic steps:
step S1: GRIB2 data cut;
in this embodiment, the GRIB2 data is cut with the service application location as the center, and the data of 50×50 lattice points is reserved.
In this embodiment, the data cut may be made using the wgrib2 tool, commanded as follows:
wgrib2 INPUT_FILE-set_grib_type same-new_grid_winds earth-new_grid latlon LON:NX:IX LAT:NY:IY SMALL_FILE
the INPUT_FILE is the FILE name to be cut, and LON and LAT are the longitude and latitude of the lower left corner of the output grid respectively; NX and NY are x (north-south axis) and y (east-west axis) grid points of the output grid; IX and IY are decimal x and y grid intervals; and smallfile is a cut GRIB2 FILE.
Step S2: extracting isobaric surface meteorological data;
in this embodiment, meteorological data on different isobaric surfaces on each grid point are extracted from the cut data; in this embodiment, the weather data on the different isobars at each grid point includes, but is not limited to: potential height, air temperature and relative humidity data.
In this embodiment, global prediction system (GFS) data sets are generally classified into layers 1000hPa to 900hPa every 25hPa, layers 900hPa to 100hPa every 50hPa, and more than 100hPa are classified into layers 70hPa, 50hPa, 40hPa, 30hPa, 20hPa, 15hPa, 10hPa, 7hPa, 5hPa, 3hPa, 2hPa, and 1hPa, and 33 layers of isobaric face weather data.
S3, calculating the geometric height;
in this embodiment, the geometric height on the isobaric surface is calculated according to the position of the service application center and the potential height data corresponding to each isobaric surface; in this embodiment, the correspondence between the potential height and the air temperature and the relative humidity is converted into the correspondence between the geometric height and the air temperature and the relative humidity.
In this embodiment, the transformation formula of the potential height and the geometric height is:
wherein h is i The potential height is gpm%Potential meter), Z i The geometric height corresponding to the potential height is given by m,for measuring the geographical latitude of the station, the units are °,>for latitude->The earth radius calibration value at the position is expressed as m, < >>For latitude->Gravitational acceleration at sea level in m/s 2 ，g n = 9.80065 is the standard gravitational acceleration (m/s 2 )。
S4, interpolating weather data of any height at the coordinates;
in this embodiment, weather data of any height between the two heights or a function of changing weather data with the height is obtained by linear interpolation according to weather data of the upper and lower two different geometric heights; in this embodiment, weather data of the upper and lower geometrical heights are linearly interpolated according to weather data such as air temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, etc. of the upper and lower geometrical heights to obtain a function of the change of the weather data with the height or weather data at any height between the two heights. In this embodiment, for the case where the minimum grid point resolution of the GRIB2 data cannot fall exactly at the business application center coordinate position, 50×50 grid point data can be interpolated onto the center coordinates.
Step S5: calculating the water pressure;
in this embodiment, the water vapor pressure is calculated according to the relative humidity at each level, and the calculation method is as follows:
e＝U×E w /100
wherein U is the relative humidity (%), E at each level w Pure water corresponding to the temperature T at the heightThe level saturated water vapor pressure (hPa) can be calculated by the following formula:
wherein T is 1 373.16, K, T is the temperature at each corresponding height, K.
Step S6: the atmospheric refractive index was calculated.
In this embodiment, the calculation method for calculating the atmospheric refractive index is as follows:
wherein T is air temperature, the unit is K, P is air pressure, the unit is hPa, e is water vapor pressure, and the unit is hPa.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, first, the GRIB2 data is cut with the service application location as the center, and data of 50×50 lattice points is reserved; extracting meteorological data profiles Z on different isobars from cut data i Z 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Will isobaric surface meteorological data profile Z i Z 0 The height in (2) is converted into the geometric height to obtain a geometric height weather data profile h i h 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Passing the meteorological data through the geometrical height h of the meteorological data 1 And h 2 Interpolation to a given height h n Applying; then calculating the water vapor pressure through the relative humidity on each geometrical height; and finally, calculating the atmospheric refractive index through the air temperature, the air pressure and the water vapor pressure.
In summary, the invention rapidly and accurately acquires the atmospheric refractive index of each height on the vertical profile of the service application position based on GRIB2 numerical forecast product data developed by the International Meteorological organization, and meets the correction requirements of the service fields such as radar detection, microwave communication and the like on the atmospheric refractive index. The invention provides a method for obtaining the atmospheric refractive index by utilizing a GRIB2 (General Regularly-distributed Information in Binary form V2.0 binary general rule distribution information second edition) format numerical weather forecast product, which can not only ensure the data obtaining precision, but also solve the problems of timeliness of weather data obtaining and difficult guarantee of a direct detection method. The method solves the technical problems of low refractive index acquisition precision, low detection efficiency and poor difference scene applicability in the prior art.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An atmospheric refractive index acquisition method based on GRIB2 data, the method comprising:
s1, acquiring GRIB2 data, and cutting the GRIB2 data by taking a preset service application position as a center to obtain cut data and a preset number of grid points;
s2, extracting different isobaric surface meteorological data on each grid point from the cutting data;
s3, according to the weather data of the different isobaric surfaces, acquiring potential height bases corresponding to the isobaric surfaces, and according to the service application positions and the potential height data, processing to obtain geometric heights of the isobaric surfaces;
s4, acquiring first altitude meteorological data and second altitude meteorological data according to the geometric height of the isobaric surface, and performing linear interpolation operation according to the first altitude meteorological data and the second altitude meteorological data to obtain differential altitude meteorological data, wherein the meteorological change relation data comprises: weather data between the first geometric altitude and the second aggregate altitude as a function of the change in weather data with altitude;
s5, acquiring differential height humidity from the differential height meteorological data, and solving the water vapor pressure according to each differential height humidity;
s6, according to the water vapor pressure, the atmospheric refractive index is obtained through preset logic processing.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the GRIB2 data is cut by a wgrib2 tool.
3. The method of obtaining an atmospheric refractive index based on GRIB2 data according to claim 1, wherein said step S2 comprises: the different isobaric face meteorological data at each of the grid points comprises: the weather data on the different isobars at each grid point includes, but is not limited to: potential height, air temperature and relative humidity data.
4. The method of obtaining an atmospheric refractive index based on GRIB2 data according to claim 1, wherein said step S3 comprises:
s32, calculating an earth radius calibration value and a gravity acceleration of a specific latitude by using preset logic;
s33, calibrating values according to the earth radius and gravitational acceleration.
5. The method of obtaining an atmospheric refractive index based on GRIB2 data according to claim 4, wherein in step S32, the earth radius calibration value and the gravitational acceleration of a specific latitude are obtained by using the following logic:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for measuring geographical latitude of station, unitFor the purposes of degree and->For latitude->The earth radius calibration value at the position is expressed as m, < >>For latitude->Gravity acceleration at sea level in m/s2 g n = 9.80065 is the standard gravitational acceleration (m/s 2 )。
6. The method of obtaining an atmospheric refractive index based on GRIB2 data according to claim 4, wherein in step S32, the potential height data is converted into the isobaric surface geometry height:
in the formula, h i Is potential height, in gpm (potential meters), Z i The unit is m, which is the geometrical height corresponding to the potential height.
7. The method of obtaining an atmospheric refractive index based on GRIB2 data according to claim 1, wherein said step S5 comprises:
s51, obtaining the saturated water vapor pressure of the pure water level corresponding to the temperature at a specific height;
s52, according to the saturated water vapor pressure of the pure water level, the water vapor pressure is obtained by utilizing the following logic:
e＝U×E w /100
wherein U is the relative humidity (%) at each height, E w For the temperature T at the heightThe corresponding pure water level is saturated with water vapor pressure.
8. The method of obtaining an atmospheric refractive index based on GRIB2 data according to claim 7, wherein in step S51, the pure water level saturated vapor pressure corresponding to a specific temperature is obtained by using the logic of:
wherein T is 1 =373.16, t is the temperature at each corresponding height.
9. The method of obtaining an atmospheric refractive index based on GRIB2 data according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the atmospheric refractive index is obtained by the following logic process:
wherein T is air temperature, P is air pressure, the unit is hPa, and e is water vapor pressure.
10. An atmospheric refractive index acquisition system based on GRIB2 data, the system comprising:
the data cutting module is used for obtaining GRIB2 data, and cutting the GRIB2 data by taking a preset service application position as a center to obtain cutting data and a preset number of grid points;
the differential isobaric surface weather acquisition module is used for extracting different isobaric surface weather data on each grid point from the cutting data, and is connected with the data cutting module;
the geometrical height processing module is used for acquiring potential height basis corresponding to each isobaric surface according to the different isobaric surface meteorological data, processing the potential height basis according to the service application position and the potential height data to obtain the geometrical height of the isobaric surface, and the geometrical height processing module is connected with the differential isobaric surface meteorological acquisition module;
the differential altitude weather acquisition module is configured to acquire first altitude weather data and second altitude weather data according to the geometric altitude of the isobaric surface, and perform linear interpolation operation according to the first altitude weather data and the second altitude weather data to obtain differential altitude weather data, where the weather change relation data includes: the weather data is changed along with the change function of the height, the weather data between the first geometric height and the second set height, and the differential height weather acquisition module is connected with the geometric height processing module;
the water vapor pressure obtaining module is used for obtaining the differential height humidity from the differential height weather data, and obtaining water vapor pressure according to each differential height humidity, and the water vapor pressure obtaining module is connected with the differential height weather obtaining module;
and the atmospheric refractive index obtaining module is used for obtaining the atmospheric refractive index by utilizing preset logic processing according to the water vapor pressure, and the atmospheric refractive index obtaining module is connected with the water vapor pressure obtaining module.
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